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AFF (Rev., Online), Part-1 PDF
AFF (Rev., Online), Part-1 PDF
FAMILIARIZATION
& BASIC TRAINING (BST)
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING
(FPFF) (STCW VI/1‐2)
Tuesday, May 25, 2021
Source of
Ignition
(HEAT)
Presence
of Oxygen
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
CONDITION OF FIRE
Presence
of Oxygen
FUEL
SUFFICIENT
HEAT
OXYGEN
FIRE TRIANGLE
STARTING OF FIRE
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
CONDITION OF FIRE
Chain
Reaction
Sustained
Chain
FIRE Fire/Continuous
Reaction
Burning Fire
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
HOW THINGS IGNITE?
When Fire is Held to 2. … Loosened By the 3. The Gas Molecules
Paper: Heat. They Move Combine with Oxygen
1. Molecules that are Further Apart From Molecules in the Air
Bound Closely to One One Another Becoming and the Paper Begins
Another on the Surface a Gas. to Burn.
of the Paper are …
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
LFL UFL
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
FIRE SPREAD
Fire Spread is Possible When there is Sufficient Fuel and
Oxygen Available.
Outdoors a Fire Mainly Moves With the Wind.
With Flames, Smoke Heat and Flammable
Gasses will also be Transported.
A Fire Can Spread When Nearby Flammable Substances in the
Direct Vicinity are being Heated up.
CONDUCTION
TRANSMISSION OF
HEAT
CONVECTION
RADIATION
HOW IS HEAT TRANSFERRED?
There are THREE Ways Heat Can Move.
HOW IS THERE ARE
HEAT THREE
TRANSFER WAYS HEAT
RED? CAN MOVE.
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
CONDUCTION
is Transmission Of Heat Through Solid Materials
Metal = Best Heat Conduction Materials
Clothing may
be Ignited by
Radiation
When Placed
too Close to a
Source of
Radiated Heat
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
Class‐A CLASS NATURE OF FIRE
Class‐B A Fire involving Solid Materials
Class‐C Fire involving Liquids or
B
Class‐D Liquefied Solids
Class‐F C Fire involving Gases
D Fire involving Metal
F (K) Fires involving Cooking Oils
NFPA= National Fire Protection Association
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
FIRE FIGHTING AGENTS OR MEDIUMS
Fire Fighting Agents or Mediums Effect
Water Cooling
Foam Smothering & Cooling
CO2 Smothering
Dry Chemical Powder Smothering, Inhibiting
Inert Gas, Exhaust Gas Smothering
Steam Smothering
Dry Sand (inside E/R near Boiler) Smothering
Fire Blanket (inside Galley) Smothering
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
APPROPRIATE EXTINGUISHING AGENTS FOR FIRE
EXTINGUISHING
RECOMMENDATION FOR FIRE INVOLVING
MEDIUMS
Water Wood, Paper, Textile & Similar Materials (Class‐A Fire)
Flammable Liquids, Wood, Paper, Textile (Class‐A &
Foam
Class‐B Fire)
Electrical Equipment, Flammable Liquids, Cooking Oil &
CO2
Fat (Class‐B & Class‐F)
Flammable Liquids & Gases, Electrical Equipment (Class‐
Dry Powder (Standard)
B & Class‐C)
Dry Powder (Multiple Flammable Liquids & Gases, Electrical Equipment, Wood,
or General Purpose) Paper, Textile (Class‐A, Class‐B, Class‐C)
Dry Powder (Metal) Combustible Metals (Class‐D)
Galley Wet Chemical Galley Fat Fire (Class‐F)
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
USE OF WATER
Usually Present in Large Quantities
Relatively Easy to Use
Due to its High Capacity as a Thermal Conductor
(High Cooling Effect)
Steam (Suffocating Effect)
Very Good Extinguishing Agent for Solid Fires (Class‐
A)
Amount of Water Necessary to Put Out a Fire is
4‐l/min/m 2
Approx. ________________________.
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
FOAM
Foam Consists of Three Elements:
Water
Foam Producing Agent (FPA)
Air
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
3‐DIFFERENT CLASSES OF FOAM:
Type of Foam Foam Producing # Used
Light Foam >200 For Confined Areas
In case of Pool or
Medium Foam 20~200
Liquid Fires
In case of Pool or
Heavy Foam <20
Liquid Fires
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (VI/1‐2)
THEORY OF FIRE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF FOAM
CHEMICAL FOAM
Chemical Foam is Formed By Mixing Together a
Solution of an Alkali (usually Sodium Bicarbonate), an
Acid (usually Aluminum Sulfate), Water and a
Stabilizer.
ANY QUESTIONS?
BST‐FPFF (Rev. ‐ ON LINE)
FIRE PREVENTION & FIRE FIGHTING (FP&FF)
ON‐LINE REVALIDATION COURSE
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