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Phrasal Verbs C1
Phrasal Verbs C1
Phrasal Verbs C1
ATTENTION!
LOOK UP TO no es un phrasal verb separable y las
partículas “up”, primero, y “to”, después, siempre van
detrás de “look” sin otros objetos en medio (me, it). Es lo
que lingüísticamente se llama en inglés “multi-word verb”
de 3 partes o, más concretamente, “phrasal-prepositional
verb”
20. PUT FORWARD
FORWARD es, en este caso, un adverbio que significa ‘(en/hacia) delante‘.
Partiendo de esta definición, seguro que ahora verás con más claridad
los significados que puede adquirir el verbo PUT cuando va acompañado
de FORWARD.
= PRESENTAR, por ejemplo: un plan, una teoría, idea, propuesta o
sugerencia.
A number of theories have been put forward (=presented/suggested
for discussion) about the possible causes of cancer but none of
them have been accepted.
He rejected the arguments put forward (=proposed) by the
company’s lawyers.
The proposals that you have put forward (=suggested to be
discussed) deserve serious consideration.
= PROPONER a un candidato o nominado.
He decided to put himself forward (=suggest himself as a
candidate) for promotion.
I’ve put myself forward as a candidate for the sales manager job.
She has been put forward (=nominated/proposed) for the
presidency.
= ADELANTAR tanto si se trata de la hora del reloj como de la fecha de
una reunión, viaje o compromiso.
Most European countries put the clocks forward (=change a clock
to make it show a later time) in the spring.
The pilot reminded us to put our watches forward by two hours.
Remember to put (=turn, set) the clock forward tonight.
We’ve put the wedding forward by one week (=moved it to an earlier
date).
The meeting has been put forward (=brought forward) to Monday.
23. STAND UP TO
Aquí otro ‘phrasal-prepositional verb‘ y, por tanto, inseparable: the
particle UP and the preposition TO cannot be separated.
= HACERLE FRENTE u OPONERSE a alguien, en concreto cuando hemos
sido tratados mal o injustamente por personas de más autoridad.
It was very brave of you to stand up to (=defend yourself against)
those school bullies.
Nobody thought he would be brave enough to stand up to his boss
when he criticized him unfairly.
= AGUANTAR o RESISTIR en buen estado a pesar del paso del tiempo, el
mal uso o el trato poco cuidadoso; se emplea para hablar de materiales o
productos que permanecen en buena condición durante el transcurso de
los años.
The carpet is designed to stand up to (=resist) a lot of wear and
tear.
The materials used have to be able to stand up to (=withstand) high
temperatures.
Por cierto (=By the way), también podemos usar la preposición “for”, y no
“to”, detrás de STAND UP; la traducción varía ligeramente, aunque el
contexto es casi idéntico.
= DEFENDERSE o DEFENDER/APOYAR algo o a alguien que está siendo
criticado o atacado.
You have to stand up for (=defend) yourself and your beliefs.
Always stand up for (=support) your friends.
The only crime they’ve ever committed is to stand up for their
rights.
Por otro lado, recuerda que STAND UP, sin preposición extra detrás, es al
mismo tiempo un phrasal verb de nivel básico. Significa PONERSE DE
PIE o LEVANTARSE. Así que, si lo ves fusionado en una sola palabra
como sustantivo (con o sin guión), equivaldrá a estar/permanecer ”de
pie”.
Our software developers like the daily stand-up meetings.
He has worked as an actor, but is best known as a stand-
up comedian.
I’ve been considering working at a stand-up desk instead of sitting
down all day.
2. ARRIVE AT
= LLEGAR A (to reach a decision, solution, conclusion, etc. after a lot of
effort or consideration).
We all argued about it for hours and eventually arrived at an
agreement.
3. HOLD BACK
= FRENAR EL AVANCE DE, RETRASAR o RETENER (=stop somebody or
something from making progress, succeeding or moving forwards).
Long-term labour shortages can hold economic development back.
At some point in their lifes, many women may feel that having
children would hold her career back.
Sandbags pilled along the riverbank will hold the flood waters back,
but only for a short while.