Midpoint Voltage Regulation of

Transmission Lines and compensation in Pakistan

Scenario
Adil Farooq, Ali Saad and Muhammad Zuhaib
Department of Electronic Engineering
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
International Islamic university Islamabad Pakistan
adil.farooq@iiu.edu.pk, ali.bsee1917@iiu.edu.pk

Abstract— When we need to transmit electrical power to a far
places like from Mangla Dam to Gujranwala there is need of long
transmission lines, we have to maintain the steady voltage level at
sending to receiving end but due to different parameters of
transmission line such as inductance, capacitance and resistance
etc., losses occur and voltage regulation is necessary then we have
to need the var compensators like SVC and STATCOM, Voltage
regulating systems such as Static var Compensator (SVC) and
STATCOM, when these are placed at the midpoint of a long
transmission line, play an important role in controlling
thereactive power flow to the power network and hence both the
system voltage fluctuations and transient stability. In this project
we’ll first calculate the voltage regulation, value of capacitance
required to stabilize the var and explain the principle structures
of STATCOM and the effect of this device on midpoint voltage
regulation. Moreover, the performance of the STATCOM is
compared with that of conventional static var compensator
(SVC) under fault condition. At the last we’ll simulate our
project in Mat lab using the tool named as POWER_STATCOM
and conclude that STATCOM is effective in midpoint voltage
regulation on transmission line than SVC.
Keywords AC Power transmission, Voltage Regulation, SVC,
STATCOM.
power system properties such as steady state stability limits,
voltage regulation and var compensation, dynamic over
voltage and under voltage control, counteracting
subsynchronous resonance, and damp power oscillations [1-2].
STATCOM is basically a voltage source converter, VSC that
converts a dc voltage at its input terminals into three-phase ac
voltages at fundamental frequency of controlled magnitude
and phase angle. The basic principle of operation of a
STATCOM is the generation of a controllable AC voltage
source behind a transformer leakage reactance by a voltage
source converter connected to a DC capacitor. The voltage
difference across the reactance produces active and reactive
power exchanges between the STATCOM and the power
system [3]. We discuss in this paper response of STATCOM
and SVC.

I. INTRODUCTION
As we know that at Electric power generating station are
mostly far away from distribution station so that we require
long transmissions to facilitate the consumers. And due to
those long transmission lines losses occurs due to inductive,
capacitive and resistive parameters. and voltage drop occurs
from sending end to receiving end. Moreover the most of the
appliances used in commercial and houses are inductive like Figure 1 Power Diagram
fans, heavy duty motors, water pumps, transformer etc. These
appliances feedback var power to the source which can melt II. PERCENTAGE VOLTAGE REGULATION
out the source winding that is very dangerous for source. Var
Let us consider how to calculate the voltage Drop and
power feedback effects on source and power factor. regulation of short transmission line:
One way to control and damp voltage oscillations is by Table I.
injection of leading or lagging reactive current at and around Parameters Value
the point of connection. There are various shunt connected Line Load Votage 11KV
FACTS devices; the major ones in terms of applications are frequency 50Hz
the static VAR compensator (SVC) and static synchronous Resistance 0.279 Ω
compensator (STATCOM). SVCs are well known to improve Reactance 0Ω

Adil Farooq | Introduction 21