Application Analysis of Equalizing Load

Lifting Bars to Reduce Distortion Control

Backup Structure When Lifting and Turning
Thin Plate Blocks
March 12-14
Charleston, SC

1
Project Background

2
Project Background
UP TO 8
LIFT POINTS

BACKUP STRUCTURE USED WITH

TRADITIONAL SPREADER BARS
The Difference Between….
Spreader Bars, Lifting Beams, and Equalizing Load Lifting
Bars

4
Lifting Beam and Spreader Bar

Lifting Beam Spreader Bar

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Equalizing Load Bar

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Project Goals and Objectives

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Project Goals and Objectives
• The project objective is to:
• Determine the feasibility and cost savings of
reducing or eliminating temporary bracing,
additional back up structure, and deck and
bulkhead

8
Project Goals and Objectives
• The project goals are to: MULTIPLE
• Facilitate technology transfer from world class LIFT POINTS
Asian shipyards

• Identify best practices in the design of lifting

arrangements using these equalizing loader bars

• Quantify the potential for minimizing the

installation and removal of non-value added
temporary structures

9
Testing
1. Loads on block structure from using the Equalizing Load
Bar

2. Stability of the Equalizing Load Bar during lift and turn

operations

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Test Load Beam and Standard Spreader

Unit Load Test Beam

Standard
Spreader Bar

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Equalizing Load Bar Model
Designed As-Built

33
8"

12
Deflection Control

13
 Deflection (in.) Slope (deg.)

-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
1.0
1.5

0.0
0.5

0.00
0.15
0.35

0.05
0.10
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.40

-0.05
0.00 0.00

0.24 0.24

0.48 0.48

0.72 0.72

0.96 0.96

1.20 1.20

1.44 1.44

1.68 1.68

1.92 1.92

x (ft.)

x (ft.)
2.16 2.16

2.40 2.40

Deflection Diagram
2.64 2.64
Slope (Rotation) Diagram

2.88 2.88

3.12 3.12

3.36 3.36

3.60 3.60

3.84 3.84
Testing Variable Load Cases

14
Deflection Adjustment

15
Finite Element Model Comparison

Traditional Pick Equalizing Load Bar – 9 pick points

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Equalizing Bar –Distributed Load Translation
22mm of Deflection
16mm of Deflection

Traditional Pick Equalizing Load Bar – 9 pick points

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Equalizing Bar –Distributed Load Stress
248 MPA 302 MPA

Traditional Pick Equalizing Load Bar – 9 pick points

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Mass Breakdown
Web Frame Bulkhead
Area m2 Volume m3 Mass kg Section Load N Area m2 Volume m3 Mass kg Section Load N
0.0263 0.209908 1616.292 1 15,856 0.0277 0.2405085 1851.915 10 18,167
0.0206 0.121808 937.9216 2 9,201 0.7377 0.1579437 1216.166 11 11,931
0.096 0.120944 931.2688 3 9,136 0.0217 0.1677363 1291.57 12 12,670
0.0182 0.121124 932.6548 4 9,149 0.018398 0.149052 1147.7 13 11,259
0.0179 0.120656 929.0512 5 9,114 0.00442 0.1296903 998.6153 14 9,796
0.0181 0.121268 933.7636 6 9,160 0.0264 0.1822602 1403.404 15 13,767
0.0184 0.120908 930.9916 7 9,133 0.0179 0.1363419 1049.833 16 10,299
0.0383 0.121232 933.4864 8 9,158 0.0196 0.1508778 1161.759 17 11,397
0.0293 0.128828 991.9756 9 9,731 0.0356 0.316974 2440.7 18 23,943

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Equalizing Bar – Balanced Load Translation
< 2mm of Deflection
16mm of Deflection

Traditional Pick Equalizing Load Bar – 9 pick points

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Equalizing Bar – Balanced Load Stress
247.9 MPA 21.29 MPA

Traditional Pick Equalizing Load Bar – 9 pick points

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Testing
1. Loads on block structure from using the Equalizing Load
Bar

2. Stability of the Equalizing Load Bar during lift and turn

operations

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Block and Bar Conditions
Level Bar, Unlevel Block Level Block, Unlevel Bar Level Block, level Bar

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Adjustable Load Test Block

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Adjustable Load Test Block Weight & CG
Coordinates Mass Moments
Tot. Mass X Y Z X Mom. Y Mom. Z Mom.
Description (g) (mm) (mm) (mm) (g-mm) (g-mm) (g-mm)
Inboard Longitudinal Section w/Brace 586.25 304.80 616.05 (12.70) 178,689 361,159 (7,445)
Outboard Longitudinal Section w/Brace 586.25 304.80 (6.45) (12.70) 178,689 (3,781) (7,445)
FWD Transverse Section 452.50 622.30 304.80 (12.70) 281,591 137,922 (5,747)
AFT Transverse Section 452.50 (12.70) 304.80 (12.70) (5,747) 137,922 (5,747)
FWD Wall Section 189.26 629.59 19.05 6.53 119,154 3,606 1,236
AFT Wall Section 189.26 (19.99) 19.05 6.53 (3,783) 3,606 1,236
Lower Outboard Longitudinal Section w/Braces 630.85 304.80 8.67 (158.51) 192,283 5,471 (99,996)
Adjustable Longitudinal Section w/Brackets 648.18 258.79 122.27 (0.77) 167,743 79,256 (500)
Adjustable Vertical Section w/Brackets 4,806.80 76.35 151.17 (40.44) 367,011 726,666 (194,374)
Take Pick Points 354.75 304.80 664.00 (12.70) 108,128 235,554 (4,505)
Drift Pick Points 354.75 304.80 12.70 (203.80) 108,128 4,505 (72,298)
9,251.34 182.88 182.88 (42.76) 1,691,885 1,691,885 (395,585)

4.42 kg Adjustable Weight

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Dual Axis Clinometer (on a budget)

Weighted Paper
String Clip
Pendulum

Two Protractors Block Angle Rotation Angle

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Standard Bar to Equalizing Load Bar
Standard Bar to Equalizing Load Bar
Standard Bar Std. Bar Across the Pick Block Drift Angles ELB Bar Drift Angles
/ ELB Bar from 0 Points Even 45 90 Even 45 90
10 Pt. 0 0 -1 0 0 0
50/50
Opt.
10 Pt. 6 6 5 -2 -2 -2
50/50 60/40
Opt. 2 2 1 -4 -4 -3
10 Pt. 13 12 11 -7 -7 -7
70/30
Opt. 6 6 5 -4 -4 -3
10 Pt. 0 -1 -1 0 0 0
50/50
Opt.
10 Pt. 5 5 5 -3 -3 -3
60/40 60/40
Opt. 2 2 0 -3 -3 -2
NASSCO Intern 70/30
10 Pt. 11 11 11 -6 -6 -6
Opt. 5 5 4 -7 -7 -6
10 Pt. 0 -1 -1 0 -1 -1
50/50
Opt.
10 Pt. 5 5 4 -2 -3 -2
70/30 60/40
Opt. 3 0 0 -4 -4 -2
10 Pt. 9 10 9 -5 -5 -5
70/30
Opt. 6 X 4 -6 X -1
10 Pt. -2 -1 -1 3 2 2
50/50
Equalizing Opt.
10 Pt. 6 6 6 -4 -4 -4
Load Bar 40/60 60/40
Opt. 2 2 0 -4 -4 -4
10 Pt. 13 14 14 -7 -6 -5
70/30
Opt. 6 6 4 -4 -4 -3
10 Pt. 1 1 1 3 2 3
50/50
Opt.
10 Pt. 8 7 8 -2 -2 -2
30/70 60/40
Opt. 2 1 0 -3 -3 -3
10 Pt. 16 16 15 -9 -9 -9 27
70/30
Opt. 4 4 2 -5 -5 -3
Two Equalizing Load Bars Two Equalizing Load Bars
ELB Across the Pick Block Drift Angles Take ELB Bar Drift Angles Drift ELB Bar Drift Angles
/ ELB Bar from 0 Points Even 45 90 Even 45 90 Even 45 90
10 Pt. -1 0 0 1 1 1 0.5 0.5 0.5
50/50
Opt. -1 -1 -2 -1 -1 -1 0 0 1
10 Pt. 12 12 10.5 -7.5 -7.5 -6.5 -4 -3.5 -2
50/50 60/40
Opt. 4 4 2 -2 -2 -1 2 2 3
10 Pt. 30 33 X 88 88 88 -6 -5 -1.5
70/30
Opt. -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 -1
10 Pt. 2 1.5 3 1 1 1 1 1 1
50/50
Opt. 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 2
10 Pt. 12 12 12 -7 -7 -6.5 -3.5 -3 -2.5
60/40 60/40
Opt. 0 0 X 90 90 X 1 1 X
10 Pt. 29 29 X -11.5 -11 -10.5 -4.5 -4 -2.5
70/30
Opt. -1 -1 X 0 0 X 0 0 X
10 Pt. 0 X X 0 X X 1 X X
50/50
Opt. -1 X X 1 X X 0 X X
10 Pt. 8 X X -5 X X -4 X X
Equalizing Load Bars 70/30 60/40
Opt. 0 X X -1 X X 1 X X
10 Pt. 25 X X -12 X X -5 X X
70/30
Opt. -1 X X 1 X X 1 X X

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Block CG Below Crane Hook
The block center of
gravity will always try
to settle below the
crane hook

Resting on the
ground prior to lift

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Optimized Load Bar Configurations 50/50
50/50 SPLIT ACROSS THE BAR
Block Pick Pick Bar Case Case Case Case
CASE 3 Pick Dist. Dist. Pick 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Point From 0 (mm) From CG (mm) Point
11 609.60 (304.80) 11 1 1 1 1
10 548.64 (243.84) 10 1 1
9 487.68 (182.88) 9 1 1 1
8 426.72 (121.92) 8 1 1
7 365.76 (60.96) 7 1 1
6 304.80 - 6 3 1
5 243.84 60.96 5 1 1 1
4 182.88 121.92 4 1 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 121.92 182.88 3 1 1 1 1
2 60.96 243.84 2 1
1 - 304.80 1 1 1 1 1
X=0

Moments Across the Bar (0) - - (0)

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Optimized Load Bar Configurations 60/40
60/40 SPLIT ACROSS THE BAR
Block Pick Pick Bar Case Case Case Case
CASE 4 Pick Dist. Dist. Pick 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Point From 0 (mm) From CG (mm) Point
11 609.60 (365.76)
10 548.64 (304.80) 11 1 1
9 487.68 (243.84) 10 1 1 1 2
8 426.72 (182.88) 9 1 1 1
7 365.76 (121.92) 8 1 1
6 304.80 (60.96) 7 1 1 3
5 243.84 - 6 1 1
4 182.88 60.96 5 1 1 1 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 121.92 121.92 4 1 1 1 1
2 60.96 182.88 3 1 1 1 1
1 - 243.84 2 1 1 2 2
X=0 1

Moments Across the Bar 0 0 (0) 0

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Optimized Load Bar Configurations 70/30
70/30 SPLIT ACROSS THE BAR
Block Pick Pick Bar Case Case Case Case
CASE 3 Pick Dist. Dist. Pick 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Point From 0 (mm) From CG (mm) Point
11 609.60 (426.72)
10 548.64 (365.76)
9 487.68 (304.80) 11 1
8 426.72 (243.84) 10 1 1 1
7 365.76 (182.88) 9 1
6 304.80 (121.92) 8 1 1 1
5 243.84 (60.96) 7 1 1 1
4 182.88 - 6 1 1 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 121.92 60.96 5 1 1 2 2
2 60.96 121.92 4 1 1 1 1
1 - 182.88 3 1 1 2 1
X=0 2
1
Moments Across the Bar (0) (0) (0) (0)

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Conclusions
• Reduction of back-up structure on a case-by-case basis
• Looking at mass distribution of a block
• Available structure for lift points in a block
• Three considerations:
• The block as an independent system
• The block structure
• The bar as an independent system
• Reduction in three crane picks

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Conclusions
• Future Considerations
• Testing a scaled non-rigid block to see how mass distribution
effects

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 The End.

Questions?

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