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مجلة الدوال الأسية للاستاذ مرنيز وليد
مجلة الدوال الأسية للاستاذ مرنيز وليد
مجلة الدوال الأسية للاستاذ مرنيز وليد
اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﻴﺔ
2021 - 2020
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ا ﺘﻮ ﺎت
2 ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻌﺮ ﻔﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ اﻷﺳﻴﺔ I
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 1 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ I
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 2 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
3
y = ex
1
f
−4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4
h −1
−2
−3
lim
x→0
ex − 1
x
■ =1 ﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ اﻻﺳﻴﺔ ا ﻮاص ا
∗n ∈ N و ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ e 1 ≈ 2.718 ، ■ e0 = 1
ex
lim
x→+∞ x n
■ ∞= + ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ aو : b
■ lim x n e x = 0 ■ e a+b = e a e b
∞x→−
ea
= e a−b ■
eb
ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ■ (e a )b = e ab
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 3 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ II
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 4 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
¶ ﻣ ﻨﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ اﳌﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ
• اﻟ ﺪف اﺛﺒﺎت ان ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻣﺎ ،ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻠﻮﻻ ﻣﺠﺎل ﻣﻌ ن ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﻣ ﻨﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ اﳌﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ.
ﻣ ﻨﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﻢ اﳌﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ
ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ ﻧﺒ ن ان fﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮة و رﺗ ﺒﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل ] .[a; bﻧﺤﺴﺐ ) f (aو ) ، f (bﺛﻢ ﻧﺠﺪ :
. f (a) × f (b) < 0وﻣﻨﮫ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ αوﺣﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ا ﺎل ] [a; bﻳﺤﻘﻖ f (x) = 0 : وﺣﻴﺪا αﺣﻴﺚ α ∈ [a; b] :
· ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس
اﻳﺠﺎد ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس
ﻋ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻜﺘﺐ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ، y = f ′ (x0 )(x − x0 ) + f (x0 ) :ﺛﻢ ﻧﺤﺴﺐ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ ) f ′ (x0و ) f (x0و ﻌﻮض
اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ x 0
اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ﻟـ ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ اي ﻧﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ x0وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺤﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ، f (x0 ) = y0ﺛﻢ ﻧﻜﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس
ﻋﻨﺪ x 0 اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟ ﺗ ﺒﺔ y 0
ﻋ ن ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ اﻟﻌﺪد اﳌﺸﺘﻖ f ′ (x0 ) :ﻧﺤﺴﺐ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﮫ ، f ′ (x0 ) = xy A −− xyB :ﺣﻴﺚ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘ ن Aو Bﻣﻦ اﳌﻤﺎس
A B
ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ ) = f ′ (x0ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﮫ
اﳌﻤﺎس
ﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎت ﻟـ ) (C fﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ x0ﺑﺤﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ، f ′ (x0 ) = aاي ﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻋﺪد
اﳌﻤﺎﺳﺎت اﻟ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟ ﺎ a ﺗﻮﺟ ﺎ a؟
ﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎت ﻟـ ) (C fﺗﻮازي ﻧﺤﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ :ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﮫ f ′ (x0 ) = dاي f ′ (x0 ) = aاذا وﺟﺪﻧﺎ ﺣﻠﻮل ﻧﻘﻮل ﻳﻮﺟﺪ
ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎت ﻟـ ) (C fﻣﻮاز ﺔ ﻟـ ) (d اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
(d ) : y = ax + b؟
ﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎت ﻟـ ) (C fﺸﻤﻞ ﻧﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ x0ﺑﺤﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ) β = f ′ (x0 )(α − x0 ) + f (x0ﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻋﺪد
اﳌﻤﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ )A(α, β
ﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎت ﻟـ ) (C fﻌﺎﻣﺪ ﻧﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ x0ﺑﺤﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ a ، f ′ (x0 ) = − a1 :ﻮ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﮫ ) .(dوﻋﺪد ا ﻠﻮل ﻳﻤﺜﻞ
اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ (d ) : y = ax +bﻋﺪد اﳌﻤﺎﺳﺎت
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 5 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
¸ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ
اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ ﺑ ن ﻣﻨﺤ و ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ
اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻟ ﺴ ﻴﺔ اﺷﺎرة اﻟﻔﺮق
) (C fﻳﻘﻊ ﻓﻮق )∆( > 0اﻟﻔﺮق
) (C fﻳﻘﻊ ﺗﺤﺖ )∆( < 0اﻟﻔﺮق
-اﻟﻔﺮق ﻟﻢ ﻐ اﺷﺎرﺗﮫ (∆) :ﻳﻤﺲ ) (C f = 0اﻟﻔﺮق
-اﻟﻔﺮق ﻐ اﺷﺎرﺗﮫ (∆) :ﻳﺨ ق ) .(C fاﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ )) A(a, f (aﻧﻘﻄﺔ ا ﻌﻄﺎف
¹ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻻ ﻌﻄﺎف
ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ا ﻌﻄﺎف
) f ′ (xﺗﻨﻌﺪم و ﻻ ﻐ اﺷﺎر ﺎ اﻟﻄﺮ ﻘﺔ : 1
) f ′′ (xﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻣﻐ ة اﺷﺎر ﺎ اﻟﻄﺮ ﻘﺔ : 2
ﻋﻨﺪ دراﺳﺔ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ ﻟـ ) (C fو ﻣﻤﺎﺳﮫ )∆( ،ﻧﺠﺪ ان )∆( ﻳﺨ ق ) (C f اﻟﻄﺮ ﻘﺔ : 3
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 6 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ III
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 7 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
رﻣﻮز ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ
ﻓﻜﺮة ﺴﺘﺤﻖ ا ﺎوﻟﺔ s ﺗﻤﺎر ﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﺪرب اﳌ ل
ﻣﻌﺎرف ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻣ ﺎ
ﺣﺴﺎب اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ Î ا ﺴﺎب ﻋ اﻟﻘﻮى Î
e 2x+1
ا ﺸﺎء اﻟﺘﻤﺎﺛﻞ lim
∞x→+ x
(9
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 8 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
( )
اﺣﺴﺐ اﻟ ﺎﻳﺔ اﻻﺗﻴﺔ :
1 1
lim x −
x →0 e − 1 x
>
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 9 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
fداﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑـ ، f (x) = e 2x − 2e x + 1 :و ) (Cﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) .(O; #»i ; #»j
(1ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
(2ادرس ﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ ∞ −و ﻋﻨﺪ ∞ +ﻣﻔﺴﺮا اﻟ ﺎﻳﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ∞ −ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ.
f (3ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ.
(4ﻋ ن ﻧﻘﺎط ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cﻣﻊ ﻣﺤﻮري اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت.
) .(C (5اﺣﺴﺐ ) f (−1و ) f (1ﺛﻢ ا
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 10 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
fداﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑـ ، f (x) = x − 1 + e x :و ) (Cﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) .(O; #»i ; #»j
(1ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
(2ادرس ﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ ∞ −و ﻋﻨﺪ ∞.+
(3اﺣﺴﺐ ) f (0ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ) f (xﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ .x
(4ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
(5ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( اﻟﺬي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ y = x − 1ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻟـ ) (Cﻋﻨﺪ ∞ −ﺛﻢ ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (Cﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا )∆(.
(6اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟـ ) (Tﻣﻤﺎس اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ .O
ﻧﻔﺲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ. ) (C )∆( (T ) ،و (7ا
(8ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ،ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ ، mﻋﺪد و اﺷﺎرة ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ . f (x) = 2x + m
ex + 2
= )f (x ﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ∗ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
ex − 1
وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) .(O; #»i ; #»j
(1ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fو ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
) (C f (2ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ Rﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ، f (−x) + f (x) = −1 :ﻣﺎذا ﺴﺘ ﺘﺞ ﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﻨﺤ
) (C f (3ارﺳﻢ
|)g (x) = | f (x g (4داﻟﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
)ا( اﻛﺘﺐ ) g (xﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ) f (xﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ .x
) .(C f )ب( ارﺳﻢ ﻧﻔﺲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ ) (C gاﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ gاﻋﺘﻤﺎدا ﻋ
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 11 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ وﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) .(O; #»i ; #»j f ﻮ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ) (C و
(1ا( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ ﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ ∞ −و ﻋﻨﺪ ∞ .+ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ.
ج( ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
1
ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) .(C ) ;A(0
2
(2ﺑ ن ان اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
(3ﻋ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Tﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (Cﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ . A
1 1
)g (x) = x + − f (x
4 2
(4ﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
x 2
)(e − 1
.g ′ (x) = 4(1 + e x )2
ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ : x ∈ R ا(
ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، gﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة gﻋ R ب(
اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻟ ﺴ ﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (Cو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) .(T ج(
ﻣﺎذا ﺗﻤﺜﻞ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ Aاﳌﻨﺤ ) .(C
ارﺳﻢ ) (Tو ) .(C د(
2e x
f (x) = x + 1 − (3ا( اﺛ ﺖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ f (x) = x − 1 + e x 2+ 1 : xو
ex + 1
∞+ ) (Cﻋﻨﺪ ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( اﻟﺬي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ y = x − 1ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ
ﺛﻢ ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (Cﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا )∆(.
∞− ) (Cﻋﻨﺪ ج( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (∆′اﻟﺬي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ y = x + 1ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ
ﺛﻢ ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (Cﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا ) .(∆′
(4ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
ﻧﻔﺲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ. ) (C (5ارﺳﻢ )∆( (∆′ ) ،و
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 12 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
g (x) = x + 2 − e x (1ﻟﺘﻜﻦ gاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ [0; +ﺑـ :
x
e
∞( x→+
lim ا( ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ ) .ﻧﻘﺒﻞ ان ∞= +
x
ب( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞ ، [0; +ﺛﻢ ﺑﺮر ان1.14 < α < 1.15 :
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 13 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
(4ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ،ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ . f (x) + f (−x) = 2 ، xو ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ.
s (5ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎ ) (Tﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟ ﮫ ﺴﺎوي ، 1ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﮫ.
(6اﺣﺴﺐ اﺣﺪاﺛ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻣﻊ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﺛﻢ ارﺳﻢ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ ) (Tو ) .(C f
(7ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ،ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mﻋﺪد و اﺷﺎرة ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ.(3 − m)e x = m + 1 :
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 14 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
−1.7 < α < −1.6 (4ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺑﺤﻴﺚ
ب( ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ اي ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ kﻳ ﻮن اﻟﻌﺪد ) (−αﺣﻼ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ s . f (x) = k
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 15 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
(3ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان ، 1.27 < α < 1.28ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ xاﺷﺎرة ).g (x
ex + x + 1
= )f (x
ex + 1
اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ : f (II
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 16 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
»#» #
) (O; i ; j ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ
∞ ، x→+ﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ. ﺑ ن ان lim f (x) = 1 (1
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x (2
∞x→−
ﻞ ﻣﻦ )∆( و ) (∆′ﺣﻴﺚ ) (∆′ﻮ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = 1 ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا (3
)g (x
، f ′ (x) = xﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ، x (4
(e + 1)2
ب( ﺑ ن ان ، f (α) = αﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f
)ب( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻠ ن اﺣﺪ ﻤﺎ ﻣﻌﺪوم و اﻻﺧﺮ αﺣﻴﺚ−1.6 < α < −1.59 :
)e x g (x
= )f ′ (x ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ،ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ، x (1
(2xe x + 1)2
∞ ، x→+ﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ.
اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو )lim f (x
∞x→−
(2
ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f (3
ﺣﻞ Rاﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ، f (x) = 0ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة )s f (x (4
1
= ) ، f (αﺛﻢ ﻋ ن ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟﻠﻌﺪد )s f (α ﺑ ن ان: (5
α+1
ارﺳﻢ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C f (6
ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ،ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ ، mﻋﺪد واﺷﺎرة ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ2mx − 2 + (m + 1)e −x = 0 : (7
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 17 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
(2ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺣﻴﺚ −0.38 < α < −0.37
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 18 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
x
ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ،ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ . f ′ (x) = (xee xg+(x)1)2 : x (2
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
ا( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان. f (α) = α +1 1 : (3
ب( ﻋ ن ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟﻠﻌﺪد ) f (αﺳﻌﺘﮫ .10−2
ﻋ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Tﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (Cﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ .0 (4
) f (x) − x = (xxe+ 1)u(xﺣﻴﺚ .u(x) = e x − xe x − 1
x +1
ا( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان (5
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ uﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ).u(x
ج( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻟ ﺴ ﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (Cﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﻤﺎس ) .(T
ارﺳﻢ ) (Tو ) ) . (Cﻧﻘﺒﻞ ان −1.85 < β < −1.84و ( −1.19 < f (β) < −1.18 (6
8
s f (x) = x − 2 +
ex
ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ :
+2
x (1
اﺣﺴﺐ ﺎﻳ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ∞ −و ∞.+ (2
ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fوﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ. (3
[ ] [ ]
اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (x) − (x − 2و )lim f (x) − (x + 2 (4
∞x→− ∞x→+
′
• اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن ﻣﻘﺎر ن )∆( و ) ∆( ﻳﻄﻠﺐ اﻋﻄﺎء ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟ ﻞ ﻣ ﻤﺎ.
ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ا ﻌﻄﺎف ωﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن اﺣﺪاﺛﻴ ﺎ. (5
ﺑ ن ان ) (C fﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ وﺣﻴﺪة ﻓﺎﺻﻠ ﺎ αﺣﻴﺚ −1.7 < α < −1.6 (6
ارﺳﻢ )∆( (∆′ ) ،و ) (C f (7
[ ]2
)h(x) = f (x (IIIﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ hاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
s • ﻋ ن اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 19 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ IV
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 20 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
1
ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺗﺠﺮ ﻴﺔ
3
)∆(
2
1
−2
−3
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 21 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
:ﺑﻘﺮاءة ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ
(1ﺑﺮر اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ :
ex − x > 0 x
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 22 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
∞.x→−
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو )lim f (x
∞x→+
(1
[ ]
∞ ، x→+ﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ. ب( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x) − (2x + 1
ج( ادرس اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ﺣﻴﺚ .(∆) : y = 2x + 1 :
ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻳ ﻮن ) f ′ (x) = g (xﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fو ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ. (2
اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Tﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ .1 (3
ارﺳﻢ )∆( (T ) ،و اﳌﻨﺤ ) ) (C fﻧﺎﺧﺬ .( f (α) = 0.8 (4
ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ و ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mﻋﺪد و اﺷﺎرة ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ذات ا ﻮل .x = (1 − m)e x : x (5
ا( ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﳌ ﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺰﺋﺔ ﻋ ن اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻻﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ xe −xﻋ Rو اﻟ ﻧﺘﻌﺪم ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ .x = 1 (6
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻌﺪد Aﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻ ﺎ x = 3 ، x = 1و
. y = 2x + 1
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 23 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
3
2
1
−2
r
−3
) (C f ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (γاﻟﺬي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ y = e −x −2 :و اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻣﺘﻘﺎر ﺎن ﺑﺠﻮار ∞ −ﺛﻢ ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﳌﻨﺤ (2
ﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا ).(γ
). f ′ (x) = −gx(−x
2
ﺑ ن ان :ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم xﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ : (3
ﻞ ﻣﻦ ا ﺎﻟ ن [ [−1; 0و [∞ ]0; +و ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋ ا ﺎل ]]−∞; −1 اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣ اﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋ (4
ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
ﺑ ن ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ إ ﺸﺎء اﳌﻨﺤ ) (γاﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺤ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ e x :ﺛﻢ ارﺳﻢ ﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺤﻨﻴ ن ) (γو (5
) (C fﻧﻔﺲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ.
اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤﻨﻴ ن ) (C fو ) (γو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻟﻴﻜﻦ nﻋﺪدا ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺎ و )) (A(nﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا (6
ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘ ﻤﺎ x = −e nو .x = −e n+1
اﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻌﺪد ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ lﺣﻴﺚ ).l = A(0) + A(1) + · · · A(2016
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 24 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ّ
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
ج( اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟـ ) (Tاﳌﻤﺎس ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ .1
(3ﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ hاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ .h(x) = 1 − xe 1−x :
ّ
ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ Rﻓﺎن ، h(x) ≥ 0 :ﺛﻢ ادرس اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﻤﺎس ) .(T
ب( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺣﻴﺚ −0.7 < α < −0.6
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 25 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
H (x) = (ax 2 + bx + c)e −x h (IIIو Hاﻟﺪاﻟﺘﺎن اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن ﻋ Rﺑـ h(x) = x + f (x) :و
(1ﻋ ن اﻻﻋﺪاد ا ﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ a, bو cﺣ ﺗ ﻮن اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ Hداﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ hﻋ .R
∫ λ
= ) A(λﺣﻴﺚ λﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ و ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ. h(x)d x (2ا( اﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺘ ﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﺎ :
0
∞.x→+
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim A(λ
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 26 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋ ] ]−∞; −αو ﻣ اﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋ [∞.[−α; +
(2اﺣﺴﺐ ﺎﻳﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ ∞ +و ∞ ، −ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
∞ x→−ﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ.
(3اﺣﺴﺐ ]lim [ f (x) + x − 1
1
x
، = )f (x f (Iاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [ ]−∞; 1ﺑـ :
x −1
+e x − 1
»#» #
و ) (Cﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; i , j
x )f (x
0.20 0.037
∞ x→−و ) ، lim f (xﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﳌﻘﺎر ن ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) .(C
(1اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
<
x →1
0.21 0.016 اﺣﺴﺐ ) . f ′ (xﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋ ا ﺎل [ ، ]−∞; 1ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول (2
0.22 −0.005 ﻐ ا ﺎ.
0.23 −0.026 ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ [ ]−∞; 1ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا .ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺟﺪول اﻟﻘﻴﻢ اﻋﻼﻩ ﺟﺪ (3
0.24 −0.048 ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟﻠﻌﺪد .α
0.25 −0.070
ارﺳﻢ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﳌﻘﺎر ن و اﳌﻨﺤ ) ، (Cﺛﻢ ارﺳﻢ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C ′اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ | .| f (4
ﻋ ن ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﺪاد ا ﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ mاﻟ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠ ﺎ ﻳ ﻮن ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ | f (x)| = m (5
ﺣﻼن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎن اﻻﺷﺎرة.
g (Iاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [ ]−∞; 1ﺑـ) .(g (x) = f (2x − 1)) :ﻋﺒﺎرة ) g (xﻏ ﻣﻄﻠﻮ ﺔ (
(1ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gﻋ [ ]−∞; 1ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
( ) ( )
α+1 α+1
.g ′ 2
)= 2 f ′ (α ، gﺛﻢ ﺑ ن ان : 2
=0 (2ا( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ان :
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ . α +2 1 g ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ) (Tاﳌﻤﺎس ﳌﻨﺤ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ
ج( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ان ، y = (α −2 1)3 x − (αα−+1)1 3 :ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) .(T
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 27 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
(2ﻟﺘﻜﻦ f ′ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . fﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ] ]−∞; 2ﻓﺎن ). f ′ (x) = −g (x
اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ) f ′ (xﻋ ا ﺎل ] ، ]−∞; 2ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
( 2 )
(3ﺑ ن ان ، f (α) = − α α+ 1ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟﻠﻌﺪد )) . f (αﺗﺪور اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ا .( 10−2
(4ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = −x − 1ﻮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺠﻮار ∞−
ا( ﻋ ن اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﻦ ا ﻘﻴﻘ ن aو bﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗ ﻮن hداﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ xe xﻋ .R
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ داﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ gﻋ .R
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 28 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
∞.x→+
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو )lim f (x
∞x→−
(1
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو ) lim f (xو ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ.
> <
x →0 x →0
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 29 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
و( Hاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ [−2; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳﺎ ﻲ H (x) = (αx + β)e −x :ﺣﻴﺚ αو βﻋﺪدان ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺎن.
ﻋ ن αو βﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗ ﻮن Hداﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ g (x) − 1 :
اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ gو اﻟ ﺗﻨﻌﺪم ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ .0
(IIIﻟﺘﻜﻦ kاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ [−2; +ﻛﻤﺎﻳﺎ ﻲ:
) k(x) = g (x 2
ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺔ داﻟﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ،ﻋ ن اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ kﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 30 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
2 ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﺗﻘ ر ﺎ
) (C f ) .2ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = x − 34 :ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ
)ب( ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆(
.3ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻤﺎس ) (Tﻣﻮاز ﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﮫ.
.4ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ا ﻌﻄﺎف ﻌﻴﻴ ﺎ.
.5ارﺳﻢ )∆( (T ) ،و اﳌﻨﺤ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ) .(C f
.6ﻟﻴﻜﻦ mوﺳﻴﻄﺎ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺎ .ﻋ ن ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻗﻴﻢ mاﻟ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻠ ﺎ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = x + m :ﺣﻠ ن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔ ن.
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 31 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
4
3
2
1
−2
( )
−1
g
2
(1ﺣﺪد اﺷﺎرة ) g (−1و
] [
−1
−0.8 < α < −0.7 ﺑﺤﻴﺚ g (α) = 0ﺛﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان : ;−1
2
(2اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ وﺟﻮد ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ αوﺣﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ا ﺎل
(3اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ) g (xﻋ R
f (IIاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑـ f (x) = (x + 2)(e x − 1) :و ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و
»#» #
اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; i ; j
)lim f (x
∞x→+
∞ x→−و
اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x (1
ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ f ′ (x) = g (x) ، xﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f (2
s ∞ x→−ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﻣﻘﺎر ﺎ ﻣﺎﺋﻼ )∆( ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﮫ. ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim ( f (x) + x (3
ب( ادرس اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆(
ارﺳﻢ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( و اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋ ا ﺎل ] ) ]−∞; 1ﻌﻄﻰ ( f (α) ≈ −0.7 (4
اﺣﺴﺐ ) f (x) − g (xﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ داﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ R (5
( )
hاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ h(x) = |x| e |x|−2 − 1 + 1 :و ) (C hﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ. (6
ا( ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ hزوﺟﻴﺔ
ب( ﺗﺎﻛﺪ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞ [0; +ﻓﺎن h(x) = f (x − 2) + 1 :
ج( اﺷﺮح ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ رﺳﻢ ) (C hاﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ ) (C fﺛﻢ ارﺳﻢ ) (C hﻋ ا ﺎل ][−3; 3
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 32 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
2 −x
f ′ (x) = (−x (x+ −x −1)1)eو ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
2
(2ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ [: ]−∞; 1
(3ا( اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Tﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﺻﻔﺮ.
ب( hداﻟﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [ ]−∞; 1ﺑـ .h(x) = e −x + x − 1 :
ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ hﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ [h(x) ≥ 0 : ]−∞; 1
[x ∈ [−2; 1 m (7وﺳﻴﻂ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ،ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ و ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ، f (x) = mx :ﺣﻴﺚ
∞ x→−و
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
)lim f (x
∞x→+
(1
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
[ ]
∞ x→+ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟـ )∆( ،اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ اﳌﻘﺎرب اﳌﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) .(C f
ا( ﺑ ن ان lim f (x) − x = 1 : (2
ب( ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆(
اﺛ ﺖ ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎ وﺣﻴﺪا ) (Tﻳﻮازي )∆( ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﮫ (3
ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﳌﻨﺤ ) ، (C fﻋ ن ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mﺣ ﻳ ﻮن ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = x + mﺣﻠ ن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔ ن. (4
ﻟﻴﻜﻦ αﻋﺪدا ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎ ،ﻧﺮﻣﺰ ﺑـ ) A(αا ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fو ﺑﺎﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟ (5
ﻣﻌﺎدﻻ ﺎ ﻋ اﻟ ﺗ ﺐ x = −1 ، y = x + 1 :و .x = α
∞.α→+
-اﺣﺴﺐ ) A(αﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ αﺛﻢ lim
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 33 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ل
(2ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، gﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪو ﻐ ا ﺎ.
(3اﺟﺴﺐ ) ، g (0ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ).g (x
f (IIاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑﻤﺎﻳ . f (x) = 2x + 3 − (x + 1)e x :
»#» #
(C fاﳌﻨﺤ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; i ; j
)lim f (x
∞x→−
∞ ، x→+ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ
ﺑ ن ان lim f (x) = −∞ : (1
ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ f ′ (x) = −g (x) ، x (2
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ) ، f ′ (xﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f
ج( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = 2x + 3ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ ∞ −ﺛﻢ ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ
) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆(
ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻠ ن αو βﺣﻴﺚ 0.92 < α < 0.93 :و −1.56 < β < −1.55 (3
] ]
3
;∞−
2
ب( ارﺳﻢ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( و اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋ ا ﺎل
داﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ (x + 1)e xﻋ R ا( ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ xe x : (4
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ Aﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( و اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘ ﻤﺎ :
) x = α ، x = 0ﺣﻴﺚ αاﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻟﺴﺆال (3أ( (.
ج( ﺟﺪ ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟﻠﻌﺪد . A
R (4ﻋ ن ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺪد ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mاﻟ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻠ ﺎ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ (x − 1)e x − (m − 1)e m = −1ﺣﻼ واﺣﺪا
اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑـ h(x) = (|x| + 1)e −|x| :و ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ. h (5
ا( ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ hزوﺟﻴﺔ.
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 34 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
g (x) = −4 + (4 − 2x)e x اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ : g (I
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 35 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
) (C f ب( ارﺳﻢ اﳌﻤﺎس و اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( اﻟﺬي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ y = x :و اﳌﻨﺤ
:
u n+1 = f (u n ) n (un ) (7اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻛﻤﺎﻳ u0 = 1 :و ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ
ا( ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ﻣﺜﻞ u0و u1و u2ﻋ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ.
nﻓﺎن 1 ≤ u n < α : ب( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 36 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
∗R (1ﻋ ن اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﻦ ا ﻘﻴﻘ ن aو bﺑﺤﻴﺚ f (x) = ax + 3(e xb− 1) :ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ
(2اﺣﺴﺐ ﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ اﻃﺮاف ﻣﺠﺎﻻت ﻌﺮ ﻔ ﺎ.
ﻞ ﻣﺠﺎل ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﺎ ﻌﺮ ﻔ ﺎ ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ. (3ﺑ ن ان fﻣ اﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋ
) (Dو ) (D ′اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎن اﻟﻠﺬان ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﺎ ﻤﺎ ﻋ اﻟ ﺗ ﺐ y = x :و . y = x + 43 (4ا(
ﺑ ن ان ) (Dو ) (D ′ﻣﻘﺎر ﺎن ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) ، (C fﺛﻢ ﺣﺪد وﺿﻌﻴﺘﮫ ﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ﻟ ﻞ ﻣ ﻤﺎ.
ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻠ ن x 0و x 1ﺣﻴﺚ 0.9 < x 0 < 0.91و −1.66 < x 1 < −1.65 ب(
اﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم ). f (x) + f (−x ج(
ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ.
ارﺳﻢ ) (Dو ) (D ′و ) (C f د(
mﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ (D m ) ،اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ اﳌﻌﺮف ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ . y = x + m (
ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ mﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = x + m :
[ ]2
)g (x) = f (x (5ﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺄ ﻲ :
ادرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gدون ﺣﺴﺎب ) g (xﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ .x
−1.7 < α < −1.6 (4ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αﺑﺤﻴﺚ
x ∈R (5ارﺳﻢ ) (C fﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ
2e −x
f (x) = x +
e −x + 1
(6ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ، R
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 37 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ﻣﻦ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت ذات اﳌﻌﺎدﻻت : (7اﺣﺴﺐ ) A(αﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 38 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
3
ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت
.1اﻟﺪاﻟﺘﺎن اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺘﺎن gو hﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن ﻋ ا ﺎل ] ]−∞; 0ﻛﻤﺎﻳ g (x) = −2e x :و ) h(x) = x(e x + 1ﺣﺪد اﺷﺎرة ﻞ ﻣﻦ
) h(xو ) g (xﻋ ا ﺎل ]]−∞; 0
ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αا ﺎل ] ]−∞; 0ﺛﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان−1.5 < α < −1.4 : )ج(
1
) (Pﻮ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ x 2 :ﻋ ا ﺎل ]]−∞; 0 )د(
2
[ ]
1
∞ x→−ﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ. lim i.اﺣﺴﺐ
f (x) − x 2
2
ii.ادرس اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴ ن ) (Pو ) (C f
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 39 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
f k (Iاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑـ f k (x) = (x + 1)2 e −kx :ﺣﻴﺚ kوﺳﻴﻂ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ.
»#» #
ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ) (C kاﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ f kاﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; i ; j
ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻓﺎن g ′ (x) + 2g (x) − e −2x = 0 :ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ داﻟﺔ اﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟـ gﻋ R
ب( ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﳌ ﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺰﺋﺔ ،اﺣﺴﺐ Aﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fوﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ و
اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﺎ ﻤﺎ x = −1و x = 0
)lim f (x
>
∞ x→+و
(1ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
x →0
)g (x
= )f ′ (x
: ب( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل
[∞]0; +
x2
واﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
( )
∞ ) x→+ﻳﻤﻜﻦ وﺿﻊ ( t = − x1ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = xﻣﻘﺎرب
(2ﺑ ن ان lim xe − − x = −1
1
x
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 40 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
1
1 −
= )h(x
x
−1+e x h (3اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ :
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim h(xو ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ hو اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ) h(xﻋ [∞]0; +
∞x→+
ب( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان ) f (x) − x = (1 + x)h(xﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻟ ﺴ ﻴﺔ ﻟـ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆(
اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ﻣ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; #»i ; #»jﺣﻴﺚ .∥ #»i ∥ = 1cm :
(Iﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ (C ) . f (x) = (x + 1)2 e −x :ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ.
∞ x→−و
(1اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
)lim f (x
∞x→+
∞ ، x→+اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ وﺟﻮد ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﮫ. ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو )lim f (x
∞x→−
(1
ب( ﺑ ن ان :ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ f ′ (x) = x(x 2 − 5x + 4)e −x+1 ، x
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 41 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
2x − 1
= )g (x f (IIو gاﻟﺪاﻟﺘﺎن اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺘﺎن اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺘﺎن ﻋ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ f (x) = (2x − 1)e −x+1 :و
x2 − x + 1
»#» #
) (O; i ; j) (C fو ) (C gﺗﻤﺜﻴﻼ ﻤﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎن اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ
∞x→+
∞ x→−و
)lim f (xا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x (1
ب( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ
ﺑ ن ان ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴ ن ) (C fو ) (C gﻣﻤﺎﺳﺎ ﻣﺸ ﺎ ) (Tاﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ 1ﺛﻢ ﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﮫ. (2
ارﺳﻢ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Tو اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C f (3
)(2x − 1)ϕ(x
= )f (x) − g (x
x2 − x + 1
ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ، x (4
ب( ادرس اﺷﺎرة اﻟﻔﺮق ) f (x) − g (xﻋ Rﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟ ﺴ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴ ن ) (C fو ) (C g
∫ x
ج( ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﻣ ﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺰﺋﺔ ،اﺣﺴﺐ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ f (t )d t : x
1
د( اﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤﻨﻴ ن ) (C fو ) (C gو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘ ﻤﺎ x = 1 :و
x =2
(1 (IIIاﺣﺴﺐ ) f (3) (x) ، f ′′ (xو ) . f (4) (xاﻋﻂ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻨﺎ ﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ) f (n) (xﺣﻴﺚ nﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ ﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم ) ) f (nاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ
اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ nﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ( f
(2ﺑﺮ ﻦ ﺑﺎﻟ اﺟﻊ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ ﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم f (n) (x) = (−1)n [2x − (2n + 1)] e 1−x ، n
(u n ) (3اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ ﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم ، nﻛﻤﺎﻳ u n = f n (1) :
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 42 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
u k + u k+1 ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﻄﺒﻴ ﻏ اﳌﻌﺪوم ، kا ﻤﻮع :
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ ، nا ﻤﻮع u 1 + u 2 + · · · + u 2n :
1
fاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑـ f (0) = 0 :و ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [. f (x) = (x − 1)e ، ]−∞; 0
x
) (C fاﳌﻨﺤ اﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) .(O; #»i ; #»j
(1ادرس اﺳﺘﻤﺮار ﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ 0ﻣﻦ اﻟ ﺴﺎر
)f (x
، limﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ. < x
(2اﺣﺴﺐ
x →0
(3ا( اﺣﺴﺐ
)lim f (x
∞x→−
) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﻣﻘﺎر ﺎ ﻣﺎﺋﻼ )∆( ﺑﺠﻮار ∞ ، −ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﮫ. ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ان اﳌﻨﺤ
)f (x
= )g (x
x
g (5اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [ ]−∞; 0ﺑـ :
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim g (x
∞x→+
m (8ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ hm .اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ذات اﳌﺘﻐ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ xاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ا ﺎل [ [−∞; 0ﺑـ :
1
h m (x) = xe x − mx
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 43 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
)lim f (x
∞x→+
(1اﺣﺴﺐ lim f (x) :و
>
x →0
(2ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣ اﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋ ا ﺎل [∞ ، ]0; +ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
] ]
(3اﺣﺴﺐ ) ، f (1ﺛﻢ ﻣﺜﻞ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋ ا ﺎل . 0; 52
) (
5
(. f
2
≈ 5.75 ) ﻧﺎﺧﺬ f (1.64) ≈ 1 ، f (2) ≈ 2.3 :و
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 44 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fوﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ و اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ن اﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟ ﻤﺎ (4اﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا
1
= xو x =2
2
+2
. f (x) = 2x
e +2
x
f (IIاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
»#» #
) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) ) ، (O; i ; jوﺣﺪة اﻟﻄﻮل ( 2cm
∞ ، x→+ﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ. ﺑ ن ان lim f (x) = 0 : (1
ا( اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x (2
∞x→−
) .(un (2ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل )∆( و ) (C fﻣﺜﻞ ﻋ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ا ﺪود u1 ، u0 :و ، u2ﺛﻢ ﺧﻤﻦ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ
(3ﺑﺮ ﻦ ان اﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) (unﻣﺘﻘﺎر ﺔ ،ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ ﺎﻳ ﺎ.
(1ا( اﺣﺴﺐ f ′′ ، f ′ﺛﻢ ﺑﺮ ﻦ ﺑﺎﻟ اﺟﻊ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ nﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم ﻓﺎن :
f (n) (x) = (3x + 3n + 4)e xﺣﻴﺚ f (n) ، · · · ، f ′′ ، f ′ :اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺎت اﳌﺘﺘﺎ ﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ f
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 45 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
(2ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ g (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ Rﺣﻠ ن اﺣﺪ ﻤﺎ ﻣﻌﺪوم واﻻﺧﺮ αﺣﻴﺚ 2.82 < α < 2.83 :
»#» #
) (O; i ; j ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ
O (1ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻨﺪ ، x0 = 0اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟـ ) (Tﻣﻤﺎس ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ اﳌﺒﺪأ
(2ا( ﺑ ن ان lim x 3 e −x = 0 :ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ ) ، lim f (xاﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
∞x→− ∞x→+ ∞x→+
x2
= )f ′ (x ب( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ x ̸= 0ﻓﺎن :
)g (x
(e x − 1)2
ج( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ان ) f (α) = α2 (3 − αﺛﻢ ﻋ ن ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟﮫ.
د( ا ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
(3اﺣﺴﺐ f (x) + x 3و اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻟ ﺴ ﻴﺔ ﻟـ ) (C fو ) (Cﻣﻨﺤ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ x 7→ −x 3
[ ]
∞ x→−وﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ. ﺑ ن ان lim f (x) + x 3
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 46 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 47 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ V
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 48 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
(IIﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻛﻤﺎﻳ f (x) = e −xx+ x :و ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ
) Rاﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻧ ﻴﺠﺔ اﻟﺴﺆال ( I-(2 f (1ﺑ ن ان ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻌﺮ ﻒ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ
1
= )f (x
1
(2ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ∗:R
1+
xe x
∞ x→+ﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ. lim f (x) = 1 ∞ x→−و
ب( ﺑ ن ان lim f (x) = 0
∞x→+
lim f (x) = 0 ∞ x→−ﺛﻢ ﺑ ن ان
(1اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
f ′ (x) = −(x − 1)2 e −x R (2ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ :
ب( ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . f
0 (3ا( اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ دﻳ ﺎرﺗﻴﺔ ﳌﻤﺎس اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ Jذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ
ب( ﻟﺘﻜﻦ Aو Bﻧﻘﻄﺘﺎن ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cﻓﺎﺻﻠ ﻤﺎ 1و 3ﻋ اﻟ ﺗ ﺐ.
ﺑ ن ان اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘ ن Aو Bﻧﻘﻄ ا ﻌﻄﺎف ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C
(4اﻟﺸ ﻞ ) (Γ) :(1ﻳﻤﺜﻞ اﳌﻨﺤ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) (O; #»i , #»jﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ gو
اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑـ g (x) = e x :
Eو Fﻧﻘﻄﺘﺎن ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺤ Γﻓﺎﺻﻠ ﺎ ) (−1و ) (ln 10 − 3ﻋ اﻟ ﺗ ﺐ و Gﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎ ﺎ ) (0; 1 − 6e −3
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 49 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
4
)(Γ
3
2
1
)ب( ا ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘ ن Aو Bاﻟﺸ ﻞ )) (1ﻻﺣﻆ ان ((10g (−3) = g (ln 10 − 3) :
11
) (5ا( ﻟﺘﻜﻦ Kﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎ ﺎ
(
2
); 0
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ B ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (B Kﻳﻤﺲ اﳌﻨﺤ
) (C
)ب( ارﺳﻢ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cاﻟﺸ ﻞ ) (1و اﳌﻤﺎﺳﺎت ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (Cﻋﻨﺪ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ J ، Aو B
1
) ( f ′ (x) = g (x) − g (3ا( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ ا ﺎل [∞ ]0; +ﻓﺎن:
x
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ ) : f ′ (1ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f
1
h(x) = e x آﺧﺮ اﻟﺘﻤﺮ ﻦ ،ﻣﺜﻠﻨﺎ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C hﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ hاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ [∞ ]0; +ﺑـ: (4
ا( ﺑ ن ان ) (C fﻓﻮق ) .(C h
ب( ا اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻧﻔﺲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ ) ﻌﻄﻰ ( f (1.5) ≈ 7.55
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 50 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
5
4
3
2
1
) (C fو ) (C gﻤﺎ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻼن اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎن اﳌﻤﺜﻼن ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fو اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ.
(1ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤﻨﻴ ن ) (C fو ) (C gﻳﻘﺒﻼن ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﺸ ﻛﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ 0وان ﻟ ﻤﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس )∆( ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴﻴ ﺎ
ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ.
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 51 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ .(h h′ (4ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ، xاﺣﺴﺐ ) h ′ (xو ادرس اﺷﺎر ﺎ ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻘﻴﻢ ) xﺣﻴﺚ
h (5ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ
x
2e 2 − 1 ≥ x + 1 x (6اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ،
)∆( (7اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻟ ﺴ ﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C gو اﳌﻤﺎس
) (C g (8ادرس اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻟ ﺴ ﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴ ن ) (C fو
اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤﻨﻴ ن ) (C fو ) (C gو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت x = 0و .x = 1 (9اﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا
C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ﺴ f (x) = x(e x − e) + e − 2
° #»°
R ﺑـ : اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ °ﻋ
°
ﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ f
° °
(
° j ° = 2cm
° #»°
) ) (O; #»i , #»jاﻟﻮﺣﺪة، ° i ° = 4cm :
اﺣﺴﺐ ) f ′ (xﺛﻢ)f ′′ (x (1 (I
ادرس اﺷﺎرة ) ، f ′′ (xﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﻐ ات f ′ﻋ R (2
R ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f ′ (x) = 0ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ وﺣﻴﺪا αا ﺎل [ ، ]0.5; 0.6ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺷﺎرة ) f ′ (xﻋ (3
∞ ، x→+ﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ات ) fﻌﻄﻰ ( f (α) ≈ 0.2
اﺣﺴﺐ ) lim f (xو )lim f (x
∞x→−
(4
اﺛ ﺖ ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (Dذا اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = −ex + e − 2ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺠﻮار ∞.− (1 (II
ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ا ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ).(D (2
ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻤﺎس )∆( ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ C fﻳﻮازي اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (Dﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﮫ. (3
ا ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ )∆( و ) ، (Dﺛﻢ اﳌﻨﺤ C fﻋ ا ﺎل ] ) ]−∞; 1.5ﻌﻄﻰ ( f (1.5) ≈ 3.36 (4
ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ،ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ ، mﻋﺪد و اﺷﺎرة ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ (m + 2 − e)e −x = x : (5
fاﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺪدﻳﺔ اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
xe x
= ) f (x ; x ̸= 0
ex − 1
f (0) = 1
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 52 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
x
lim
x→0
(2ا( اﺛ ﺖ ان اﻟ ﺎﻳﺔ:
ex − 1
=1
ب( ادرس اﺳﺘﻤﺮار ﺔ و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﺷﺘﻘﺎق اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ 0وﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ.
(3ا( ﺑﺮ ﻦ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ :
ex ≥ x + 1 R
x
) f ′ (x) = (ee x.g−(xﺣﻴﺚ gداﻟﺔ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴﻴ ﺎ.
1)2
ب( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ xﻣﻦ ∗:R
ج( ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ، fﺛﻢ ﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
(4ا( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( ذاﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ y = xﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) .(C f
ب( ادرس اﻟﻮﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﻟ ﺴ ﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆(.
(5ارﺳﻢ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( و اﳌﻨﺤ ) .(C f
(6ا( xﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم ،ﻌﺘ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘ ن )) M (x; f (xو )) M ′ (−x; f (−xﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺤ ) .(C f
ﻋ ن ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﮫ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (M M ′
ب( اذا ﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻨﺪ ، 0ﻣﺎذا ﻌ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ؟
ا ﺰء اﻻول
x
− e −x
. f (x) = eوﻟﻴﻜﻦ ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) ) (O;⃗i , ⃗jوﺣﺪة 2
ﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑـ :
اﻟﺮﺳﻢ (2cm
.1ادرس ﺷﻔﻌﻴﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ . fﺛﻢ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ.
∞+ .2ادرس ﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ
[∞[0; + .3ادرس اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋ ا ﺎل
اﳌﻨﺤ ) .(C f .4ا
ا ﺰء اﻟﺜﺎ ﻲ
ﻟﺘﻜﻦ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ Aﻣﻦ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ذات اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ).(1; 0
AM M .1ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ xﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺤ ) .(C fاﺣﺴﺐ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﺔ xاﳌﺴﺎﻓﺔ
(e x − e −x )2
g (x) = (x − 1)2 +
4
.2ﻌﺘ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ gاﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑـ :
)ا( اﺣﺴﺐ ) ) .g ′ (xﻳﺮﻣﺰ f ′ا اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ .( f
)ب( ﻟﺘﻜﻦ g ′′اﳌﺸﺘﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ .gاﺣﺴﺐ ).g ′′ (x
اﺛ ﺖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ء ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ .g ′′ (x) = e 2x + e −2x + 2 :
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 53 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 54 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ VI
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 55 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
4
ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺗﺠﺮ ﻴﺔ
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 56 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ﺑﺮ ﻦ ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( اﻟﺬي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ y = x − 1ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻟـ ) (Cﺑﺠﻮار ∞ +ﺛﻢ ﺣﺪد وﺿﻌﻴﺔ ) (Cﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ) (
ﻟـ )∆(
و ) (C fﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻮ ﻣ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) . (O; #»i ; #»j
−x
( x
)
( f (x) = e 2 2e − e − 2 (1أدرس ﻐ ات اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ) fﻻﺣﻆ أن
(2أﺛ ﺖ أن ) (Cﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ إ ﻌﻄﺎف ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴﻴ ﺎ.
(3أ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Dﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (Cﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠﺔ .0
(4ﻋ ن اﺣﺪاﺛ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cﻣﻊ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ.
(5ارﺳﻢ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Dﺛﻢ اﳌﻨﺤ ) .(C
λ (6ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ اﻛ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ .−2
y =0 ا( أﺣﺴﺐ ) S(λﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ا اﳌﺴﺘﻮي ا ﺪد ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺤ ) (Cو اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﻟ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻ ﺎ x = λ ، x = −2 :و
ب( ﻋ ن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ λاﻟ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻠ ﺎ ﻳ ﻮن .S(λ) = 2e + 1
ج( أﺣﺴﺐ )lim S(λ
∞λ→+
(7ﻧﺎﻗﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ ا ﻘﻴﻘﻲ mﻋﺪد ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ . f (x) = m 2 :
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 57 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
و ) (Cﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻮ ﻣ ﺴﻮب ا ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و ﻣﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) .(O; #»i , #»j
(1ﺑﺮ ﻦ ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮة ﻋ .R
(2ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ 0ﺛﻢ اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس )∆( ﻟـ ) (Cﻋﻨﺪ اﳌﺒﺪأ .O
∞.x→−
(3ا( ﺑﺮ ﻦ ان lim f (x) = 0و ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺛﻢ اﺣﺴﺐ )lim f (x
∞x→+
∞+ ﻮ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ y =x (2ﺑ ن ان اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (dاﻟﺬي ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺘﮫ:
(3ا( اﺛ ﺖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ xﻣﻦ f ′ (x) = g (x) ، R :ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ fوﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 58 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ب( ﺑ ن ان ، f (α) = α + 1 + 2α2+ 1ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ ﺣﺼﺮا ﻟﻠﻌﺪد )) f (αﺗﺪور اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ ا (10−2
ج( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ا ﻌﻄﺎف Iﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن اﺣﺪﺛﻴ ﺎ ،ﺛﻢ اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Tﻟـ ) (C fﻋﻨﺪ I
ب( ﺑ ن ان اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﻘﺎرب ﻣﺎﺋﻞ )∆( ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﮫ.
)∆( (4ادرس وﺿﻌﻴﺔ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fﺑﺎﻟ ﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ
)f ′ (x) = g (x
(5ا( ﺑﺮ ﻦ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ :
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fوﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ.
0.5 < β < 1 (6ﺑ ن ان ) (C fﻳﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺘ ن ﻓﺎﺻﻠ ﻤﺎ αو βﺣﻴﺚ −3.5 < α < −3 :و
) (C f (7ارﺳﻢ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ )∆( و اﳌﻨﺤ
2
1 + 3x − e x
= )h(x
x
h (8داﻟﺔ ﻋﺪدﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ ∗ Rﻛﻤﺎﻳ :
) (
1
h(x) = f ا( ﺑ ن ان ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ :
x
x
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 59 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
5
ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 60 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
5cm ) (Cﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﺎ ﻲ اﳌﺴﺘﻮي اﳌ ﺴﻮب ا اﳌﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ و اﳌﺘﺠﺎ ﺲ ) . (O;⃗i , ⃗jاﻟﻮﺣﺪة
(1ﻧﻘﺒﻞ ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮة ﻋﻨﺪ ، 0ادرس ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ اﺷﺘﻘﺎق اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ fﻋﻨﺪ .0ﻓﺴﺮ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ اﻟﻨ ﻴﺠﺔ.
) (
1
g
x
( = )f ′ (x ) (2اﺛ ﺖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﺣﻴﺚ x ̸= 0ﻓﺎن :
1 2
1+e x
4e x
= )f 1 (x
ex + 7
(Iدراﺳﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f 1اﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋ Rﺑـ :
4
= )f 1 (x ا( ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻓﺎن :
1 + 7e −x
(1
ب( اﺣﺴﺐ ﺎﻳ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f 1ﻋﻨﺪ ∞ −وﻋﻨﺪ ∞ +وﻓﺴﺮ ﻨﺪﺳﻴﺎ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ا ﺼﻞ ﻋﻠ ﺎ
ا( ﺑ ن ان اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ f 1ﻣ اﻳﺪة ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻋ Rوﺷ ﻞ ﺟﺪول ﻐ ا ﺎ. (2
ب( اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ xﻓﺎن 0 < f 1 (x) < 4 :
ا( ﺑ ن ان اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ I 1ذات اﻻﺣﺪاﺛ ﺘ ن ) (ln(7); 2ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤ ) (C 1 (3
ب( اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟـ ) (T1ﻣﻤﺎس اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C 1اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ I 1
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 61 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
fn (1ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲء xﻓﺎن f n (x) = f 1 (nx) :و اﺳﺘ ﺘﺞ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ
( )
1
) (C n Aﺗ ﺘ ا اﳌﻨﺤ ;0
2
(2اﺛ ﺖ اﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ ﻞ ﻋﺪد ﻃﺒﻴ ﻏ ﻣﻌﺪوم nﻓﺎن اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 62 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ب( ﺑ ن اﻧﮫ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻤﺎس وﺣﻴﺪ ) (Tﻟـ ) (Cﺸﻤﻞ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ )P (−1 + ln 2; − ln 2
γ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ ب( اﺛ ﺖ اﻧﮫ اذا ﺎﻧﺖ ) M (x, yﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ ) (Cﻓﺎن ﺻﻮر ﺎ ) M ′ (x ′ , y ′ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ S
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 63 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
...
اﻟﻘﺴﻢ VII
اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 64 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
¶ اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ اﻻﻓﻘﻴﺔ
ا ﻞ ﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ y = −m f (x) = −m
ا ﻞ ﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ y = m f (x) = m
ا ﻞ ﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ y = m 2ﻟﻜﻦ f (x) = m 2
اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺗﺒﺪأ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﺤﻮ اﻻﻋ
ا ﻞ ﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ | y = |mﻟﻜﻦ |f (x) = |m
اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺗﺒﺪأ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﺤﻮ اﻻﻋ
ا ﻞ ﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ y = m − 1 f (x) = m − 1
• ﻧﻘﻮل ان ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اذا ﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺗﻘﻊ ﻋ ﻳﻤ ن ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟ اﺗ ﺐ.
• ﻧﻘﻮل ان ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻞ ﺳﺎﻟﺐ اذا ﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺗﻘﻊ ﻋ ﺴﺎر ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟ اﺗ ﺐ.
ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﳌﻤﺎس. • ﻧﻘﻮل ان ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ اذا ﺎﻧﺖ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 65 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ا ﻞ:
5
m 4
) (Cf
3
l 2
k 1
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
−1
i
−2
−3
j
−4
−5
y =m ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) (C fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = m .1ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
[ m ∈ ]−∞; 2ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼن ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎن ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰان •
m = −2ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ. •
[ m ∈ ]−2; 2ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻠﻮل ﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ •
m = 2ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻒ •
[∞ m ∈ ]2; +ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼن ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰان اﺣﺪ ﻤﺎ ﺳﺎﻟﺐ و اﻻﺧﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ •
y = −m ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) (C fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = −m .2ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
[ y ∈ ]−∞; −2اي [∞ m ∈ ]2; +ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼن ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎن •
y = −2اي m = 2ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎ. •
[ y ∈ ]−2; 2اي [ m ∈ ]−2; 2ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻠﻮل ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ •
y = 2اي m = −2ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎ •
[∞ y ∈ ]2; +اي [ m ∈ ]−∞; −2ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼن اﺣﺪ ﻤﺎ ﺳﺎﻟﺐ و اﻻﺧﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ •
y = m +1 ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) (C fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = m + 1 .3ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
[ y ∈ ]−∞; 2اي [ m ∈ ]−∞; −3ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼن ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎن •
y = −2اي m = −3ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎ •
[ y ∈ ]−2; 2اي [ m ∈ ]−3; 1ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻠﻮل ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ •
y = 2اي m = 1ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎ •
[∞ y ∈ ]2; +اي [∞ m ∈ ]1; +ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎن اﻻﺷﺎرة •
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 66 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
y = m −1 ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) (C fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ f (x) = m − 1 .4ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
[ y ∈ ]−∞; 2اي [ m ∈ ]−∞; −1ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼن ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺎن •
y = −2اي m = −1ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎ •
[ y ∈ ]−2; 2اي [ m ∈ ]−1; 3ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻠﻮل ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ •
y = 2اي m = 3ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎ •
[∞ y ∈ ]2; +اي [∞ m ∈ ]3; +ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎن اﻻﺷﺎرة •
ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) (C fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ |) y = |mاﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺗﺒﺪأ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻮر .5ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
|f (x) = |m
اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﺤﻮ اﻻﻋ (
• 2 > y ≥ 0اي 2 > |m| ≥ 0و ﻣﻨﮫ | m ∈ ]−2; 2[ ; 2 > |mﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻠﻮل ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
• y = 2ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ |m| = 2اذن m = 2او m = −2ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎ
p
• y > 2ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ |m| > 2وﻣﻨﮫ [∞ m ∈ ]−∞; −2[ ∪ ]2; +ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎن اﻻﺷﺎرة
ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ) (C fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ) y = m 2اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺗﺒﺪأ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻮر .6ﺣﻠﻮل اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
f (x) = m 2
اﻟﻔﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﺤﻮ اﻻﻋ (
[ ] p p p p √ p
• 2 > y ≥ 0ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ 2 > m 2 ≥ 0اي 2 > m 2 ≥ 0وﻣﻨﮫ | 2 > |mاي m ∈ − 2; 2ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺣﻠﻮل ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ
p p p
• y = 2ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ m 2 = 2اي | 2 = |mوﻣﻨﮫ m = 2او m = − 2ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼ ﻣﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎ
] p [ ]p [ p
• y > 2ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ m 2 > 2اي |m| > 2وﻣﻨﮫ ∞ m ∈ −∞; − 2 ∪ 2; +ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺣﻼن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎن اﻻﺷﺎرة
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 67 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
¶ اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ اﳌﺎﺋﻠﺔ
m∈R اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸ ﻞ
y = x +m ا ﻞ ﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ f (x) = x + m
ا ﻞ ﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ y = 2x + m 2 f (x) = 2x + m 2
ا ﻞ ﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ y = −x − 3m − 2 f (x) = −x − 3m − 2
اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺴﺘﻌ ن ﺑﺎﺣﺪ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت اﳌﻄﻠﻮ ﺔ اﻟﺘﻤﺮ ﻦ ﺎﳌﻤﺎس او اﳌﻘﺎرب اﳌﺎﺋﻞ •
ﺔ ﺑﻞ ﻳﺠﺐ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺎﻟ ﺸﺮ و اﻟﺘﻮز ﻊ ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺮاﺟ ﺎ. ﻌﺾ اﻟﺘﻤﺎر ﻦ ﻻ ﻌﻄﻰ اﻟﻌﺒﺎرات اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺑﻄﺮ ﻘﺔ وا •
ا ﻞ:
5
4
) (Cf
3
2
(∆) : y = x + 1
1
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
−1
−2
−3
−4
−5
p
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 68 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ :
1
1+ =m
x +1
1
x +1+ =m+x
x +1
f (x) = x + m
y = x +m Îا ﻞ ﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﻂ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ
mﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ y = x + mﻣﻊ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻟ اﺗ ﺐ.
و ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎ اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﻣﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻧ ﺺ اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ ا ﺪول اﻟﺘﺎ :
)(a = 1 ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت y = x + mﺗﻮازي اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ اﳌﻘﺎرب اﳌﺎﺋﻞ )∆( و اﳌﻤﺎس ) (Tﻻن ﻟ ﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﮫ
¶ اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ اﻟﺪوراﻧﻴﺔ
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 69 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :
اﻟﺪوال اﻷﺳﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﺒ ﺎﻟﻮر ﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ
ا ﻞ:
5
4
) (Cf
3
2
(∆) : y = x + 1
1
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
−1
−2
−3
−4
−5
y = mx + m ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ اﳌﻨﺤ ) (C fاﳌﻤﺜﻞ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ fﻣﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) (∆mذو اﳌﻌﺎدﻟﺔ • ا ﻠﻮل
ﺸﻤﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ وﺣﻴﺪة ﻣ ﻤﺎ ﺎن m ∈ Rﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻌﻴ ن اﺣﺪاﺛﻴ ﻤﺎ. ) (∆m • ﻧﺒ ن ان ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎت
ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ) A(x0 , y0ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ .m ∈ R
.m ) : A ∈ (∆mﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ) y0 = m(x0 + 1ﻳ ﺎ m(x0 + 1) − y0 = 0اذن ﻧﺤﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ذات اﳌﺘﻐ
Îﻳﻨﻌﺪم ﺛﻨﺎ ﻲ ﺣﺪ اذا ا ﻌﺪﻣﺖ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼﺗﮫ اي
x 0 = −1
x 0 + 1 = 0
أي
y = 0 y = 0
0 0
اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻣﺮﻧ وﻟﻴﺪ 70 ŏ ر ﺎﺿﻴﺎت ﺳ ﻠﺔ وﻣﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ وﻟﻴﺪ :