Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TCW Finals
TCW Finals
● 75 questions
● 15 identification
● 10 T/F
● 50 MC
● Interstate inequality and a product of Western ● Global North: home of Group of Eight: Canada,
imagination, Latin America, socio-economic divide France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom,
focused on southern hemisphere Russia, and the United States of America
● Includes the developed countries in Asia, Australia,
● Global South consists of Africa, Latin America,
and New Zealand
Asia, and Middle East ● The Global North is also relatively experienced
● Global South includes developing countries within the geographical boundaries of the Global
● Global South: “continues to be imagined and South.
re-imagined by those who dominate it” - Claudio, ● Abode of the 4 powerful permanent members of
2014 the United Nations Security Council
Regionalization Regionalism
● Growth of societal integration within a region and to the ● Regional concentration of economic flows
undirected processes of social and economic ● Process of intergovernmental collaborations between 2
interaction or more states
● Political process by economic policy if cooperation and
coordination are present among countries
● ISIS
○ Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
○ Spread to Muslim communities in Southern Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia
● One reaction to globalization (term)
○ Bilateral or multilateral agreements
○ Important regional players (China, India, Japan) - initiate concrete dialogue in formulating visions
○ Terror groups
● Difference of regionalization and globalization
Regionalization Globalization
● Growth of societal integration within a region and to the ● Expansion and intensification of social relations and
undirected processes of social and economic consciousness across world-time and world-space
interaction
● Political process by economic policy if cooperation and
coordination are present among countries
III. GLOBAL CULTURE AND MEDIA
More on terms
● Culture refers to the unified style of human knowledge, beliefs, and behavior from which people learn, and the ability to
communicate knowledge to the next generations. Its development has been mainly influenced by media.
● Media carrier of culture. It is a tool for the interaction of people with different cultures.
● Cultural hybridity suggests that globalization spawns an increasing and ongoing mixing of cultures.
○ An example of this is the Chabacano, a Spanish-based creole language of the Zamboanga City and of some parts
of Cavite, which exemplifies hybridity in language prompted by the-merging of two cultures.
● Glocalization, coined\from globalization and localization, is a rather new concept brought about by the increased frequency of
contact among cultures. This reinforces the|fact that local cultures are not weak, static, or fixed; they are built and understood
anew each day in a globalized world (Lule, 2014).
1. oral communication. Language allowed humans to communicate and share information. Moreover, language became
the most important tool for exploring the world and the different cultures. It helped people move
and settle down. Oral communication led to markets, trade, and cross-continental trade routes.
2. script Script allowed humans to communicate over a larger space and for a much longer duration. It
allowed the permanent codification of economic, cultural, religious, and political practice.
Knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors were written and made available for transmission to the next
generation and to other nations and cultures.
3. printing press. allowed the continuous production, reproduction, and circulation of print materials. Written
documents were mass produced which gave everyone access to information that was once
available to only the rich, powerful, and religious. This period of media development was affected.
globalization by transforming various institutions such as schools, markets, businesses, churches,
governments, and armies, among others.
4. electronic media by its use of electricity. Electronic media includes the telegraph, telephone, radio, film, and
television. The wide reach of these media continues to open up new perspectives in the
economic, political, and cultural processes of globalization, Radio was the avenue for global
products to be advertised like Marlboro andCoca-Cola. Television, the analogue type, was
primarily used so countries could watch US Presidents’ delivery of speeches and UN Security
Council meetings. Both radio and television became medium to observe international events.
5. digital media which relies on digital codes. It can be created, modified, and stored in any digital electronic
device.
views cultural difference as immutable. As the West and suggests that globalization engenders a growing sameness of
non-Western civilizations interact or are brought in contact cultures. However, the culture of powerful and progressive
through globalization, clash of civilizations such as that of the countries becomes culture. Take the example of K-pop culture.
West and Islam logically follows. Some teenage Filipinos prefer to dress up like their South
Korean idols. A lot of them have also joined fan clubs in support
of Koreanovelas
V. GLOBAL CITY
● Hard power and soft power (study what it means) (2 questions)
○ Hard power: uses tactics of force as a primary strategy to maintain influence
○ Soft power: “arises from the attractiveness of a country’s culture, political ideals, and policies.” - according to Joseph
Nye (2004)
● People involved: Friedman, Joseph, political scientists
○ Soft power, according to Joseph Nye (2004), uses a different method to establish cooperation - attraction
○ Gore (2013) explained that the world is changing dramatically and there are six driving forces in this global change.
○ Sassen (2005) outlined the different characteristics of globality that maintain its link to globalization.
■ 1) the cultural diversity of the people
■ 2) existence of a center of economy
■ 3) geographic dispersal of economic activities that marks globalization
■ 4) global reach performance.
(These characteristics are observed in famous global cities such as New York, Tokyo, Singapore, and Seoul.)
○ According to Thomas Friedman in the book The World Is Flat (2005), there are three (3) stages of globalization.
● 2Q related to the 3 stages of globalization according to friedman. No need to study characteristics. Clue: Remember the
names. (2 questions)
Globalization 2.0 or Pax ● When Great Britain was the hegemonic power in terms of trade and economy;
Britannica ● Driving force: new institutions (global markets and multinational corporations)
Globalization 3.0 or Pax ● Happened during the 2nd half of 20th century
Americana ● After fall of Soviet Union in 1980s, The United States of America became the sole
superpower in the so-called Unipolar World.
● System developed by reigning hegemonic (dominant) state by defeating other great
powers
○
○ Top1: China (18.5%)
○ Top 2: India (17.9 %)
○ Top 3: US (4.6%)
● Global Demographic Transition (pg 132); citations/ quotes from RONALD LEE
○ Note: (the 3 paragraphs are important). 3-4 questions are found here.
○ According to Ronald Lee (2003), demography is currently in transition; the mortality rate declined followed by
fertility, causing population growth rates to accelerate and then to slow down again. This demographic transition leads
to low fertility, long life, and an old population.
○ The global demographic transition all began in the 19th century when Europeans were declining in mortality rate
(Lee, 2003) and there were some rising societies in Asian and Latin American regions. The ongoing transition in
global demography is caused by formal migration and some historical events, such as colonialism, inter-war
reduction, and post-world war migration. The development from pre-industrial to industrialized economy also caused
this transition from high to low mortality and fertility. It is observed that most developed nations have completed this
transition and thus have low birth rates and high income; developing nations, however, are still in transition. It is
debatable whether higher income results in lower population growth, or whether lower population leads to higher
income.
○ Lee (2003) explains that the transition to low mortality rate was influenced by the reduction of contagious and
infectious diseases caused by advancements in medicine and improved nutrition because of the presence of local
and international markets due to better transportation of goods. Meanwhile, the factors that led to low fertility rate are
the preference over child survival than number of child births and the assumption that raising children is more
constantly than the consumption of goods, as children render less economic contributions due to ears spent on
education.
○ Additional info:
■ Global demography is a series of events in population growth, fertility, and mortality rate for the past
years, decades, and centuries. This demographic transition is an ongoing event in history; it will end in 2100
(lee, 2003).
● TRENDS in International Relations (pg 30; 1st para; 1 question here)
○ Technological innovation,
○ economic cooperation, and
○ political alliance in the international arena are some of the examples of the new trends in international relations.
● Demography is a field in statistics that is ● Global demography is about the trends and
concerned with births, deaths, income, or the practices in world politics.
incidence of disease, which later illustrates the ● It is the study of the issues and developments
changing structure of human populations. of the global population,
● In the context of political science, demography ● Basically, it lays out the present condition of
is a statistical study to determine world the world and its population.
population that can be used as a tool to identify ● To understand this concept, citing an example
certain phenomenon in geopolitics, public of current world issues and humanitarian crises
administration, and others. can be done. In addition, this idea is also a tool
● The changing perspective on technology and in understanding migration and global
technological advancements and the movement citizenship.
of international organizations (IOs) have made
the world a global civil society.
● The constant evolution of economic production,
development of political agreement of states,
and the factors affecting local growth were
adopted in the world stage.
States which have high-income and are Former communist-socialist and industrial Nations not aligned with first or second
capital-rich states world
Called developing countries
● Meaning of migration
○ Ongoing movement of people from one country to another
● Types of migration
Movement from one place to another in the same country Movement from one country to ANOTHER
It is politically constructed.
It is socially constructed.
It is geographically constructed.
Brunei
becomes the resulting
REGIONALIZATION AND ASIAN INTEGRATION culture?
ASEAN +3 is a partnership Japan South Korea China The development of culture true
forged between the ASEAN in the contemporary world
countries and has been mainly influenced
by media
The world’s leading exporter China
of goods in the Considered as the conduit or media
contemporary world carrier of culture.
Which best describes the Permanent codification of The use of Latin in some vernacularization
second stage of media information prayers among the Christian
development? communities in the
Philippines highlights what
form of glocalization?
A phenomenon in which
dominant values and Cultural Imperialism
cultures dominate the A series of pro-democracy Arab Spring
others- uprisings that enveloped the
Arab World-
Cultural convergence is the The culture of the powerful
theory that two cultures will and the progressive The growing anti-West invention of global enemies
be more and more like each countries sentiments is an example of-
other as their interactions
increase. What usually Islamic law is the law of the rise to religious nationalism
land in Malaysia. The
Islamic law legal system in An aspect of generality
Malaysia operates in parallel cosmopolitanism that implies
with the common law legal human being's concern for
system. This shows- one another
For religious extremists, it glorifies one's faith. Countries that have developed
violence may be permitted progressive economies and
by the Supreme Being if- advanced technological
infrastractures
People tend to add national nationalization
modifiers to their religious OFWs leaving the voluntary economic
identities. This shows- Philippines for better work migration
opportunity is an example of
In your own words, explain Soft power is the ability of a An effect of migration in the brain drain
what soft power means and country to have an influence Philippines which refers to
discuss how countries may or international relations by the loss of human capital
use it to their advantage attracting other countries from one area to another
with their own uniqueness
and identity, rather than
paying, coercing, or
persuading these countries
to get positive outcomes.
GLOBAL MIGRATION
True
True
Correct1/1 Points
Correct1/1 Points
5.
11.
The following are member countries of the Asian Nations 5
According to Thomas Friedman in his book THE WORLD IS
or ASEAN 5, except for:
FLAT, there are 3 stages of globalization.
Indoenesia
True
Correct1/1 Points
12.
Malaysia Asian countries established their own ASIAN
DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB) that is more focused on Asia
and the Pacific as a reaction to global economic
Singapore integration.
True
Correct1/1 Points
Thailand
13.
Correct1/1 Points
6. The following are obvious characteristics of global city,
except for:
The Philippines is a THIRD WORLD country.
False
False Correct1/1 Points
Correct1/1 Points 26.
20. THIRD WORLD was initially used to refer to socialist
The following are members of the ASEAN +3, except for: economies.
False WORLD VISION is an example of a Christian humanitarian
27. organization helping children, families, and communities
Globalization of culture will not happen WITHOUT media. overcome poverty and injustice.
True True
Correct1/1 Points Correct1/1 Points
28. 36.
Cultures are never erased nor forgotten, Countries classified in GLOBAL SOUTH though still some of
their citizens experience the GLOBAL NORTH within their
True territories.
Correct1/1 Points
29. True
GLOBAL NORTH is home of all members of the G8 Correct1/1 Points
countries. 37.
TRANSNATIONALIZATION, transforms a universal religion to
True suit the specifics of a particular ethnic group.
Correct1/1 Points
30.
GLOBAL SOUTH is usually associated with developing False
nations. Correct1/1 Points
38.
True GLOBAL demography is about the trends and practices in
Correct1/1 Points world politics. It is the study of the issues and
31. developments of the global population.
The REAL MEDIA is the people.
True
True Correct1/1 Points
Correct1/1 Points 39.
32. Globalization gave rise to RELIGIOUS NATIONALISM that
Lebanon is in Asia. came about after the Second World War.
True True
Correct1/1 Points Correct1/1 Points
33. 40.
A GLOBAL NORTH country is characterized as a poor The pillars of the ASEAN community are the following,
country. except for:
False
Correct1/1 Points
34. economic community
The Philippines is an example of GLOBAL SOUTH
True
Pax Americana
Correct1/1 Points
50.
CHINA is becoming one of the economic super giants of
Pax Hallyu the world.
Correct1/1 Points
43.
True
FIRST WORLD countries are communist nation-states.
False
Correct1/1 Points
44.
The term ASIA was coined by Asians themselves.
False
Will be reviewed
45.
INTERNAL MIGRATION is any movement from one place to
another in the same country.
True
False
Correct1/1 Points
46.
ISIS - MAUTE GROUP ALLIANCE was responsible in the
Marawi City siege.