Maharashtra Board Solutions Class 11 Physics - Chapter 8 Sound

Maharashtra Board Solutions Class
11-Physics: Chapter 8- Sound
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Maharashtra Board Solutions Class
11-Physics: Chapter 8- Sound
Class 11: Physics Chapter 8 solutions. Complete Class 11 Physics Chapter 8 Notes.
Maharashtra Board Solutions Class 11-Physics:

Chapter 8- Sound
Maharashtra Board 11th Physics Chapter 8, Class 11 Physics Chapter 8 solutions
1. Choose the correct alternatives
Question 1.
A sound carried by the air from a sitar to a listener is a wave of the

following type.
(A) Longitudinal stationary
(B)Transverse progressive
(C) Transverse stationery
(D) Longitudinal progressive
Answer:
(D) Longitudinal progressive
Question 2.
When sound waves travel from air to water, which of these remains
constant?
(A) Velocity
nd/
(B) Frequency
(C) Wavelength
(D) All of above
Answer:
(B) Frequency
Question 3.
The Laplace’s correction in the expression for velocity of sound given by

Newton is needed because sound waves
(A) are longitudinal
(B) propagate isothermally
(C) propagate adiabatically
(D) are of long wavelength
Answer:
(C) propagate adiabatically
Question 4.
Speed of sound is maximum in
(A) air
(B) water
(C) vacuum
(D) solid
Answer:
(D) solid
nd/
Question 5.
The walls of the hall built for music concerns should
(A) amplify sound
(B) Reflect sound
(C) transmit sound
(D) Absorb sound
Answer:
(D) Absorb sound
2. Answer briefly.
Question 1.
Wave motion is doubly periodic. Explain.
Answer:
i. A wave particle repeats its motion after a definite interval of time at every location,
making it periodic in time.
ii. Similarly, at any given instant, the form of a wave repeats itself at equal distances
making it periodic in space.
iii. Thus, wave motion is a doubly periodic phenomenon, i.e., periodic in time as well as
periodic in space.
Question 2.
What is Doppler effect?
Answer:
The apparent change in the frequency of sound heard by a listener, due to relative
motion between the source of sound and the listener is called Doppler effect in sound.
nd/
Question 3.
Describe a transverse wave.
Answer:
Transverse wave:
A wave in which particles of the medium vibrate in a direction perpendicular to the

direction of propagation of the wave is called transverse wave.
Example: Ripples on the surface of water, light waves.
Characteristics of transverse waves:
1. All the particles of medium in the path of wave vibrate in a direction

perpendicular to the direction of propagation of wave with same period and
amplitude.
2. When transverse wave passes through the medium, the medium is divided into
alternate crests i.e., regions of positive displacements and troughs i.e., regions of
negative displacement, that are periodic in time.
3. A crest and an adjacent trough form one cycle of a transverse wave. The distance
between any two successive crests or troughs is called wavelength ‘λ’ of the wave.
4. Crests and troughs advance in the medium and are responsible for transfer of
energy.
5. Transverse waves can travel only through solids and not through liquids and
gases. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves, but they do not require
material medium for propagation.
6. When transverse waves advance through a medium, there is no change of
pressure and density at any point of the medium, but the shape changes
periodically.
7. Transverse wave can be polarised.
8. Medium conveying a transverse wave must possess elasticity of shape, i.e.,
modulus of rigidity.
Question 4.
Define a longitudinal wave.
nd/
Answer:
A wave in which particles of medium vibrate in a direction parallel to the direction of

propagation of the wave is called longitudinal wave. Example: Sound waves.
Question 5.
State Newton’s formula for velocity of sound.
Answer:
Newton’s formula for velocity of sound:
i. Sound wave travels through a medium in the form of compression and rarefaction. At
compression, the density of medium is greater while at rarefaction density is smaller.
This is possible only in elastic medium.
nd/
Answer:
Effect of pressure:
i. Let v be the velocity of sound in air when the pressure is P and density is ρ.
nd/
nd/
distance from the source of sound.
Question 9.
State any two applications of acoustics.
Answer:
Application of acoustics in nature:
i. Bats apply the principle of acoustics to locate objects. They emit short ultrasonic
pulses of frequency 30 kHz to 150 kHz. The resulting echoes give them information
about location of the obstacle. This helps the bats to fly in even in total darkness of
caves.
nd/
ii. Dolphins navigate underwater with the help of an analogous system. They emit
subsonic frequencies which can be about 100 Hz. They can sense an object about 1.4 m
or larger.
Medical applications of acoustics:
i. High pressure and high amplitude shock waves are used to split kidney stones into
smaller pieces without invasive surgery. A reflector or acoustic lens is used to focus a
produced shock wave so that as much of its energy as possible converges on the stone.
The resulting stresses in the stone causes the stone to break into small pieces which can
then be removed easily.
ii. Ultrasonic imaging uses reflection of ultrasonic waves from regions in the interior of
body. It is used for prenatal (before the birth) examination, detection of anomalous
conditions like tumour etc. and the study of heart valve action.
iii. Ultrasound at a very high-power level, destroys selective pathological tissues which is
helpful in treatment of arthritis and certain type of cancer.
Underwater applications of acoustics:
i. SONAR (Sound Navigational Ranging) is a technique for locating objects underwater

by transmitting a pulse of ultrasonic sound and detecting the reflected pulse.
ii. The time delay between transmission of a pulse and the reception of reflected pulse
indicates the depth of the object.
iii. Motion and position of submerged objects like submarine can be measured with the
help of this system.
Applications of acoustics in environmental and geological studies:
i. Acoustic principle has important application to environmental problems like noise

control. The quiet mass transit vehicle is designed by studying the generation and
propagation of sound in the motor’s wheels and supporting structures.
Reflected and refracted elastic waves passing through the Earth’s interior can be
measured by applying the principles of acoustics. This is useful in studying the
properties of the Earth.
nd/
Principles of acoustics are applied to detect local anomalies like oil deposits etc. making
it useful for geological studies.
Question 10.
Define amplitude and wavelength of a wave.
Answer:
i. Amplitude (A): The largest displacement of a particle of a medium through which the
wave is propagating, from its rest position, is called amplitude of that wave.
SI unit: (m)
ii. Wavelength (λ): The distance between two successive particles which are in the same
state of vibration is called wavelength of the wave.
SI unit: (m)
Question 11.
Draw a wave and indicate points which are (i) in phase (ii) out of phase (iii)
have a phase difference of π/2.
Answer:
i. In phase point: A and F; B and H; C and I; D and J
ii. Out of phase points: A and B, B and D, FI and J, E and F,
iii. Point having phase difference of π/2: A and B; B and C; D; D and F; F and H; H and
I; J and I
nd/
Question 12.
Define the relation between velocity, wavelength and frequency of wave.
Answer:
i. A wave covers a distance equal to the wavelength (λ) during one period (T).
Therefore, the magnitude of the velocity (v) is given by,
nd/
nd/
nd/
nd/
nd/
x. v and p are the successive particles in the same state (same displacement and same
direction of velocity) during their respective oscillations. Phase angle between these two
differs by 2πc.
Question 18.
Define progressive wave. State any four properties.
Answer:
i. Waves in which a disturbance created at one place travels to distant points and keeps
travelling unless stopped by an external force are known as travelling or progressive
waves.
nd/
Properties of progressive waves are:
Amplitude, wavelength, period, double periodicity, frequency and velocity.
Question 19.
Distinguish between traverse waves and longitudinal waves.
Answer:
Transverse wave
Longitudinal wave
1. The particles of the medium vibrate 1. The particles of the medium

along the direction of propagation of vibrate perpendicular to the
the wave. direction of propagation of the
wave.
2. Alternate compressions and 2. Alternate crests and troughs

rarefactions are formed. are formed.
3. Periodic compressions and There are no pressure and

rarefactions, in space and time, density, variations in the
produce periodic pressure and density medium.
variations in the medium.
4. For propagation of a longitudinal For propagation of a transverse

wave, the medium must be able to wave, the medium must be able
resist changes in volume. to resist shear or change in
shape.
5. It can propagate through any It can propagate only through

material medium (solid, liquid or gas). solids.
6. These waves cannot be polarised. These waves can be polarised.
7. eg.: Sound waves eg.: Light waves
Question 20.
nd/
Explain Newtons formula for velocity of sound. What is its limitation?
Answer:
Newton’s formula for velocity of sound:
i. Sound wave travels through a medium in the form of compression and rarefaction. At
compression, the density of medium is greater while at rarefaction density is smaller.
This is possible only in elastic medium.
ii. Thus, the velocity of sound depends upon density and elasticity of medium. It is given
by
nd/
nd/
nd/
nd/
nd/
nd/
nd/
nd/
∴ nA = 1378 Hz
Difference between nA and n’A
= nA – n’A = 1645 – 1378 = 267 Hz
Can you recall? (Textbook page no. 142)
i. What type of wave is a sound wave?
ii. Can sound travel in vacuum?
nd/
iii. What are reverberation and echo?
iv. What is meant by pitch of a sound?
Answer:
i. Sound wave is a longitudinal wave.
ii. Sound cannot travel in vacuum.
iii. a. Reverberation is the phenomenon in which sound waves are reflected multiple
times causing a single sound to be heard more than once.
b. An echo is the repetition of the original sound because of reflection by some surface.
iv. The characteristic of sound which is determined by the value of frequency is called as
the pitch of the sound.
Activity (Textbook page no. 144)
i. Using axes of displacement and distance, sketch two waves A and B such that A has
twice the wavelength and half the amplitude of B.
ii. Determine the wavelength and amplitude of each of the two waves P and Q shown in
figure below.
Answer:
nd/
Wav Wavelength Amplitude
e (λ) (A)
A 4m 2m
B 2m 4m
Wav Wavelength Amplitude

e (λ) (A)
P 6 units 3 units
Q 4 units 2 units
nd/
Maharashtra Board Solutions
Class 11 Physics
● Chapter 1- Units and Measurements

● Chapter 2- Mathematical Methods
● Chapter 3- Motion in a Plane
● Chapter 4- Laws of Motion
● Chapter 5- Gravitation
● Chapter 6- Mechanical Properties of Solids
● Chapter 7- Thermal Properties of Matter
● Chapter 8- Sound
● Chapter 9- Optics
● Chapter 10- Electrostatics
● Chapter 11- Electric Current Through Conductors
● Chapter 12- Magnetism
● Chapter 13- Electromagnetic Waves and Communication System
● Chapter 14- Semiconductors
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About About Maharashtra State Board
(MSBSHSE)
The Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary
Education or MSBSHSE (Marathi: महाराष्ट्र राज्य माध्यमिक आणि उच्च
माध्यमिक शिक्षण मंडळ), is an autonomous and statutory body
established in 1965. The board was amended in the year 1977 under
the provisions of the Maharashtra Act No. 41 of 1965.
The Maharashtra State Board of Secondary & Higher Secondary

Education (MSBSHSE), Pune is an independent body of the
Maharashtra Government. There are more than 1.4 million students
that appear in the examination every year. The Maha State Board
conducts the board examination twice a year. This board conducts the
examination for SSC and HSC.
The Maharashtra government established the Maharashtra State

Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research, also
commonly referred to as Ebalbharati, in 1967 to take up the
responsibility of providing quality textbooks to students from all
classes studying under the Maharashtra State Board. MSBHSE
prepares and updates the curriculum to provide holistic development
for students. It is designed to tackle the difficulty in understanding the
concepts with simple language with simple illustrations. Every year
around 10 lakh students are enrolled in schools that are affiliated with
the Maharashtra State Board.
nd/
FAQs
Where do I get the Maharashtra State Board Books PDF For free download?
You can download the Maharashtra State Board Books from the eBalbharti
official website, i.e. cart.ebalbharati.in or from this article.
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How to Download Maharashtra State Board Books?

Students can get the Maharashtra Books for primary, secondary, and senior
secondary classes from here. You can view or download the Maharashtra
State Board Books from this page or from the official website for free of
cost. Students can follow the detailed steps below to visit the official website
and download the e-books for all subjects or a specific subject in different
mediums.
Step 1: Visit the official website ebalbharati.in
Step 2: On the top of the screen, select "Download PDF textbooks"
Step 3: From the "Classes" section, select your class.
Step 4: From "Medium", select the medium suitable to you.
Step 5: All Maharashtra board books for class 11th will now be displayed on
the right side.
Step 6: Click on the "Download" option to download the PDF book.
Who developed the Maharashtra State board books?
As of now, the MSCERT and Balbharti are responsible for the syllabus and
textbooks of Classes 1 to 8, while Classes 9 and 10 are under the
Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education
(MSBSHSE).
How many state boards are there in Maharashtra?
The Maharashtra State Board of Secondary & Higher Secondary Education,
conducts the HSC and SSC Examinations in the state of Maharashtra
through its nine Divisional Boards located at Pune, Mumbai, Aurangabad,
Nasik, Kolhapur, Amravati, Latur, Nagpur and Ratnagiri.
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11-Physics: Chapter 8- Sound

For any clarifications or questions you can write to info@indcareer.com

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WhatsApp: +91 9561 204 888, Website: https://www.indcareer.com

Maharashtra Board Solutions Class 11-Physics:

1. Choose the correct alternatives

A sound carried by the air from a sitar to a listener is a wave of the

(A) Longitudinal stationary

(C) Transverse stationery

(D) Longitudinal progressive

(D) Longitudinal progressive

(D) All of above

The Laplace’s correction in the expression for velocity of sound given by

(A) are longitudinal

(B) propagate isothermally

(C) propagate adiabatically

(D) are of long wavelength

(C) propagate adiabatically

Speed of sound is maximum in

The walls of the hall built for music concerns should

(A) amplify sound

(B) Reflect sound

(C) transmit sound

(D) Absorb sound

(D) Absorb sound

Wave motion is doubly periodic. Explain.

What is Doppler effect?

Describe a transverse wave.

A wave in which particles of the medium vibrate in a direction perpendicular to the

Example: Ripples on the surface of water, light waves.

Characteristics of transverse waves:

1. All the particles of medium in the path of wave vibrate in a direction

Define a longitudinal wave.

A wave in which particles of medium vibrate in a direction parallel to the direction of

State Newton’s formula for velocity of sound.

Newton’s formula for velocity of sound:

State any two applications of acoustics.

Application of acoustics in nature:

Medical applications of acoustics:

Underwater applications of acoustics:

i. SONAR (Sound Navigational Ranging) is a technique for locating objects underwater

Applications of acoustics in environmental and geological studies:

i. Acoustic principle has important application to environmental problems like noise

Define amplitude and wavelength of a wave.

i. In phase point: A and F; B and H; C and I; D and J

ii. Out of phase points: A and B, B and D, FI and J, E and F,

Define the relation between velocity, wavelength and frequency of wave.

Therefore, the magnitude of the velocity (v) is given by,

Define progressive wave. State any four properties.

Amplitude, wavelength, period, double periodicity, frequency and velocity.

Distinguish between traverse waves and longitudinal waves.

1. The particles of the medium vibrate 1. The particles of the medium

2. Alternate compressions and 2. Alternate crests and troughs

3. Periodic compressions and There are no pressure and

4. For propagation of a longitudinal For propagation of a transverse

5. It can propagate through any It can propagate only through

6. These waves cannot be polarised. These waves can be polarised.

7. eg.: Sound waves eg.: Light waves

Newton’s formula for velocity of sound:

Difference between nA and n’A

= nA – n’A = 1645 – 1378 = 267 Hz