11/30/22, 3:19 AM Research Design

NAME : 
CLASS : 
Research Design
21 Questions DATE  : 

1.

Research Design

By Rhoda Marshall

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2.

There are 4
types of
Research
Designs that
we will explore

There are of course many more!

3. What types of research designs look familiar to you?

A Survey B Secondary Sources

C Experiment D Ethnography

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4.
You probably answered
survey for sure
They are the most common form of
research design
​"Non-academic" surveys include
How was your experience? (McDonald's; shopping, etc)
How satisfied are you?
The question right before this slide could be a survey in a way!

Important in the business world and user-experience world​

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5.
Surveys: Series of questions are asked to respondents verbally, online, or on paper

Interviews Questionnaire
•Face-to-face, verbally, or online •Online or paper
•High response rate (usually because of personal •Lower response rate (paper = throw it away;
request) online, fatigue)
•Ability of interviewer to go offscript and probe •Can’t understand thought process as much
for additional comments to further understand
phenomena

6. What might be some downsides to surveys? More than one might be correct!

A Expensive B Time-consuming

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7.

Yes, surveys are time-consuming, especially if you have to keep calling people!
Surveys also take a lot of time to develop- you want to ask the right questions to make sure
that you get the results you want!- it is an art form​

Surveys are expensive in that

you need someone who knows how to create them
you need the funds to distribute the survey
either in-person (think door to door or even calling), mailing, or
creating a website or having a subscription to a survey site like SurveyMonkey or Qualtrics

However! Surveys can help you understand about specific issues​

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8.

Surveys can be quantitative

or qualitative, open or closed

9. Which is an example of an OPEN survey question?

Did you play video games during the What factors do you consider prior to
A YesNo B
isolation period? posting an image [on social media]?

10. Which is an example of a CLOSED survey question?

What time of
•Just
How many social media apps do you have day do you •At •In the •At •After
A B woken
on your phone? play lunch,afternoon,dinner,dinner
up
videogames?

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11.
Open Questions
Mean that you can write your response
Note that in the second question, you had
to write how many apps you had, there
wasn't a number for you to pick!​
Disadvantage is that researcher has to
figure out common responses, thus more
work, but you get a better clue as to what
the respondents are thinking​
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Research Design
Closed Questions
Mean that the answers are chosen "for
you" - you can't make up an answer
Disadvantage is what if respondents'
answer doesn't fit the choices given- do
they skip? do they answer the closest?
Researcher can't tell either​
For example- after dinner: what if you play
at 2 AM in the morning? That's way after
dinner but it'd be the same response as
someone who plays at like 8 pm.​
7/13
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12.

Experiments
You probably recognized this one too!

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13.

Experiments!
•More popular in psychological studies, but sociologists can use them to study cause and effect relationships in
a controlled environment
•Studies need to have 2 or more groups
Control group- not exposed to independent variable
Experimental group- exposed to independent variable (or “treatment” )
•Researchers need to be wary of how their presence effects the behaviors of research subjects- known as the
Hawthorne Effect

Subject | Subject

14. What could be an example of the Hawthorne Effect?

Working more productively when your Children behaving when their parents or
A B
bosses are watching you an authority figure is watching them

All of these are examples of the Changing your behavior because

C D
Hawthorne Effect researchers are watching you

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15. What do you think happens when you are using a secondary source?

You're putting people into group to see if

You're creating questions about
A B there's a cause and effect relationship
something that you find an answer to
going on

You're utilizing already-collected data, like

C the Census, movie scripts, letters, or D You're observing people
publicly available data sets

16.

Secondary Source: Good and bad

The work in collecting responses is already done for you! You can just utilize data. However, the
questions that were used might not be worded how you wanted them.

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17. Which design haven't we examined yet?

A Secondary Sources B Ethnography

C Survey D Experiment

18.

Ethnography

Sometimes called "field work" study

•Done via observation
•Direct participation by closely watching a group or organization
•Interviews and collecting historical information are also types of ethnography
•Detailed notes are taken throughout and then later examined for major themes

Sometimes can occur in cultures unlike yours, but can also occur locally, such as observing at
the mall​

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19. What might be some bad things/ cons about conducting ethnographies?
There are multiple correct answers

"seeing
Your personal biases may get
what you
A Extremely timely on the researcher's end B in the way of truly observing
want to
what is happening
see"

Getting access to the people that you want

C
to study

20.
​ o wrap up this lesson:
T
Table 2-3 Major Research Designs

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21. I'm leaving you with an open survey question!

What are your thoughts on these "quiz-like" read-through lessons?
Do you like them, dislike them, prefer lecture, etc?

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