ESci 116n – Differential Equation

Mid Term Examination

Part I (5 pts each) – For the following differential equations, determine a) order b) degree c) linearity
d) homogeneity e) variables.

1. (𝑦′)2 − 3𝑦𝑦 ′ + 𝑥𝑦 = 0 𝑑2 𝑟
3
𝑑2 𝑟
2
𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝑛 𝑥 𝑚
2. ( 𝑑𝑡 ) + ( 𝑑𝑡 ) + 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0 3. (𝑑𝑦𝑛 ) = 𝑦 2 + 1
a) a) a)
b) b) b)
c) c) c)
d) d) d)
e) e) e)
Part II (5 pts each) – Encircle the letter of your answer (3 pts) and show your solution (+2 pts).

1. Find the solution of the differential equation 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 + 1)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0

a) (𝑥 2 + 1)𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑦 = 𝐶 b) (𝑥 2 + 1) + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 = 2𝐶 c) (𝑥 2 + 1)2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 2 = 𝐶 2 d) (𝑥 2 + 1) + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 2 = 𝐶
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
2. Solve the differential equation + = 2𝑥 3 𝑦 4
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑦
a) 𝑦 2 + = 𝐶 b) 𝑦 −3 = −6𝑥 4 + 𝐶𝑥 3 c) 𝑦 2 = 6𝑥 4 − 𝐶𝑥 3 d) 𝑦 = −6𝑥 3 + 𝐶𝑥 2
𝑥
3. Solve 2𝑥𝑦 + 6𝑥 + (𝑥 2 – 4)𝑦′ = 0.
𝐶 𝐶
a) (𝑦 + 3)(𝑥 − 4) = 𝐶 b) 𝑦 + 3 = 2 c) (𝑦 2 + 3)(𝑥 − 4) = 𝐶 d) 𝑦 2 + 3 =
𝑥 −4 𝑥−4
4. Solve (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0.
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 𝑦 𝑦
a) 𝑙𝑛 ( )= b) 𝑙𝑛[𝐶𝑥(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )] = c) (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )2 = 𝐶𝑥𝑒 𝑦/𝑥 d) 𝑥(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )2 = 𝐶𝑒 𝑦/𝑥
𝐶𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
5. Solve (𝑦 4 + 𝑥 4 )𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 = 0.
2
𝑥4 𝑦4 𝑦4 (𝑥 4 +𝑦 4 ) 𝑥𝑦 4 𝑦4
a) + =𝐶 b) 𝑙𝑛𝑥 4 𝑦 4 − = 𝐶 c) − =𝐶 d) 𝑙𝑛𝑥 − =𝐶
4 4 4 2 4 4𝑥 4
6. Solve the equation 4𝑦 ′′ + 12𝑦 ′ + 9𝑦 = 0.
3𝑥 3𝑥 3𝑥 3𝑥 3𝑥 3𝑥
a) 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −3𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 −3𝑥 b) 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 2 + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 2 c) 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 − 2 + 𝐶2 𝑒 2 d) 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 − 2 + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 − 2
𝑑𝑦 2𝑥+1
7. Solve the differential equation + ( ) 𝑦 = 𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
1 𝐶 𝑥2 𝑥 𝐶 𝑦
a) 𝑦 = ( 𝑥 + ) 𝑒 −2𝑥 b) 𝑥𝑦𝑒 −2𝑥 = +𝐶 c) 𝑒 2𝑥 = + d) 𝑦 = ln +𝐶 𝑒 2𝑥
2 𝑥 2 2𝑦 𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
8. Solve the differential equation = 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
a) 𝑙𝑛[1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑥 + 𝑦)] = 𝑥 + 𝐶 c) 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑥 + 𝑦) − 𝑠𝑒𝑐(𝑥 + 𝑦) = 𝑥 + 𝐶
b) 𝑙𝑛[1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (𝑥 + 𝑦)] = 𝑥 + 𝐶 d) 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑥 + 𝑦) + 𝑙𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥 + 𝑦) = 𝑥 + 𝐶
3 2
9. Solve the equation (𝐷 − 𝐷 − 2𝐷)𝑦 = 0
a) 𝑦 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 2𝑥 c) 𝑦 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 2𝑥
𝑥 −2𝑥
b) 𝑦 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑒 + 𝐶3 𝑒 d) 𝑦 = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶3 𝑒 −2𝑥
′′ ′
10. Solve the IVP 𝑦 + 𝑦 − 6𝑦 = 0, y(0)=1 and y’(0) = 0
3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2𝑥 2 −3𝑥
a) 𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑥𝑒 −3𝑥 b) 𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 −3𝑥 c) 𝑦 = 𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝑥𝑒 3𝑥 d) 𝑦 = 𝑒 2 + 𝑒 2
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

Part III – Solve the following and show your solution (5 pts each).

1. Find the differential equation whose solution is given by 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 𝑥

2. Solve for 𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0
3. A 5 lb roast, initially at 50°F, is put into a 375°F oven at 5:00 P.M.; it is found that the temperature of the
roast is 125°F after 75 min. When will the roast be 150°F?
4. If the inhabitants of the kingdom doubles in 30 years, in how many years will it triple under the
assumption that the rate of increase is proportional to the number of inhabitants?
5. A container initially contains 60 gal of brine in which there is dissolved 8 lb of salt. Brine containing 2 lb
of dissolved salt per gal flows into the tank at the rate of 5 gal per minute. The mixture is kept uniform
by stirring and flows out at the rate 3 gal per minute. How much salt in the tank after one hour?
6. Use exponential shift to solve the differential equation (𝐷 + 2)3 𝑦 = 0
7. Solve (𝐷 2 − 𝐷 − 2)𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥