I.

Overview
Hello everyone!!!
This week you will learn how to demonstrate mastery in obtaining, providing and disseminating information and
present ideas persuasively using appropriate and non-appropriate verbal and non-verbal cues.
In your previous lessons you learned about digital communication is mediated using technology. For communication
to be more effective, it is imperative to know how technology works, what purposes it can serve and how it can be used
efficiently and effectively used to achieve specific goals in the communication process. You will also learn the different
communication aids and strategies using tools of technology such as Pecha Kucha Presentation and blogging.
This week you will learn that communication is made for numerous purposes. The way message that crafted
depends highly on the attention of the sender. For example, a sales agent makes sure that the way a product is promoted
gets consumer buying and. A new anchor delivers information in such a way that all the facts are clearly stated doing
away with words that may cause confusion. On the other hand, a criminal lawyer must design his arguments supported
by facts to convince the judge and the jury. You will also learn this week to compare and contrast the different modes of
delivering a speech and how to deliver the effectively the message to the audience.
Let’s have an in-depth understanding on how to use informative, persuasive and argumentative communication
to express thoughts and ideas as you go through with this module.

II. Learning Outcomes

Before you start, do take note that this module will help you to:
1. Demonstrate mastery in obtaining, providing and disseminating information.
2. Present ideas persuasively using appropriate and non-appropriate verbal and non-verbal cues.
3. Compare and contrast the different modes of delivering a speech and how to deliver the speech effectively.

III. Discussion and

Self-Assessment
Activities(SAA)

What is Informative Communication?

➢ It involves giving than asking. As an informative communicator, you want your receivers to pay attention
and understand, but no to change their behavior. By sharing information, ignorance is reduced, or better
yet eliminated. The informative value of a message is measured by how novel and relevant information is
or kind of understanding it provides the receivers.
➢ Informative communication means a pro-active approach, rather than a reactive or ad hoc response
as issues crop up. Being proactive can avoid problems that arise from an “information vacuum.”
➢ Osborn (2009) purports that informative communication arises out of three deep impulses:

a. We seek to expand our awareness of the world around us.

b. We seek to become more competent.
When preparing for an
c. We have an informative exchange,
abiding curiosity aboutask
howyourself the following
things work and howquestions:
they are made.

1. Is my topic noteworthy to be considered informative?

2. What do my recipients already know about the topic?
3. What do they have to know?
4. Am I knowledgeable enough of my topic to help my receivers understand it?
What is Persuasive Communication?

➢ It is an art of gaining fair and favorable considerations for our point of view.
➢ Persuasive communication is any message whose sole purpose is to get the listener to support and
transform their thinking in favor of the presenter's perspective.

a. It provides a choice among options.

b. It advocates something through a speaker.
c. It uses supporting material to justify advice.
d. It turns audience into agents of change.
e. It asks a strong audience commitment.
f. It gives importance to the speaker's credibility.
g. It appeals to feelings.
h. It has higher ethical obligation.

What is Argumentative Communication?

➢ Relies heavily on sound proof and reasoning. The nature of proof has been studied since the Golden Age
of Greece and has been improved through time. According to Aristotle, logos and ethos and pathos are the
three primary forms of proof. In our time, whoever, many scholars have confirmed the presence of a fourth
dimension of proof mythos, which suggests that we respond to appeal to the traditions and values of our
culture and to the legends and folktales that embody them.
➢ Argumentative communication  Modern approach to making decisions considers real argumentations
where rational communicators do the best they can to justify their standpoints in a certain context  This
is considered to be argumentative communication, the art of persuading based on reason, on facts and not
emotions 
➢ Lucas (2007) claims that to avoid defective argumentation, the following must be avoided:

1. Defective evidence

• Misuse of facts
• Statistical fallacies
• Defective testimony
• Inappropriate evidence

2. Defective pattern of reasoning

• Evidential Fallacies

a. Slippery slope
b. Confusing facts with opinion
c. Red herring
d. Myth of the mean

• Flawed proof
• Defective arguments

What is public speaking?

Public Speaking

➢ is a process of speaking in a structured, deliberate manner to inform, influence or entertain an audience.

➢ Public speaking (also called oratory or oration) is the process or act of performing a speech to a live
audience. Public speaking is commonly understood as formal, face-to-face, speaking of a single person to
a group of listeners.
Speech

➢ is the term used to refer to the body of spoken expressions of information and ideas. A speech may be
delivered in any of the following modes: read from a manuscript, memorize and delivered extemporaneous
or impromptu. The choice of mode of delivery is determined by factors such as length of preparation,
complexity of message, purpose and occasion.

Reading from a Manuscript

➢ is appropriate when the speech is long and when details are complicated and essential such as that they
need to be given completely. Reading is also appropriate when one is asked to delivered a prepared speech
in behalf of another speaker. Reading may pose the least challenge in public speaking but the speaker may
be tricked into thinking that no preparation is needed. When a message is delivered through reading, the
force, naturalness, and eye contact may be diminished because the eyes have to travel from page to the
audience and vice versa.

Memorized

➢ speech requires a speaker to commit everything to memory. This method is excellent for short messages
although it is also used for long pieces of in oratorical, declamation and other literary contests. Just like a
read speech, a memorized speech also poses challenge in naturalness. The worst experience one could
have in delivering a memorized speech is to forget the lines and fail to shift smoothly to another mode of
delivery.

Extemporaneous Speaking

may have a short or a long preparation. The speaker may use an outline to guide him through his speech
to achieve better organization and to avoid leaving out details. But unlike reading, extemporaneous
speaking necessitates the speaker to formulate his sentences while he is speaking.
Extemporaneous is the method that most lecturers and teachers use. A good extemporaneous speaker
must be spontaneous. An extemporaneous speech is a speech that is either persuasive or informative in
nature, usually modeled on a five-paragraph essay. At top levels, extemporaneous is a smooth, dynamic
performance that incorporates research, background knowledge, and opinion.
Extemp Speech Structure
1. Attention getter. This can be an anecdote or a quotation. ...
2. Explain the link of your anecdote or quote to the topic.
3.Explain the significance of the topic.
4. Read your question WORD FOR WORD as it was written.
5. Answer the question, and say what your two (or three) areas of analysis will be.

Impromptu

➢ means speaking at the spur of the moment. Since there is very minimal or no time for preparation
given for impromptu may not deliver the best thought in the best way but it brings out the most
natural thing to say at the moment.
➢ Impromptu speaking is a speech that a person delivers without predetermination or preparation.
The speaker is most commonly provided with their topic in the form of a quotation, but the topic
may also be presented as an object, proverb, one-word abstract, or one of the many alternative
possibilities.
➢ The distinctive feature is the unprepared delivery and the suddenness with which a person is
confronted with a speech situation. Impromptu speaking is often required at those times when a
person is called upon without warning ―to say a few words‖ at a luncheon, special meeting, social
gathering, or other occasion.
➢ An impromptu speech is a small speech. Yet it must be with all the structure of a normal speech like
an opening, body and closing. However impromptu speech topic is available only on the spot, hence
the name impromptu speech. usually, you speak for one to two minutes time.
 SELF ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY

Do these statements apply to you? Write agree or disagree then your short contention. (2points each item)

1. I am excited at the thought of speaking in public.

2. I see myself speaking in public often in the future.
3. I think I can be a very good speaker.
4. The thought of public speaking in public terrifies me.
5. E would avoid speaking in public as much as I can.
6. No amount of practice can make me a better speaker.
7. “Your ability to communicate with others will account for fully 85%of your success in your business and in your
life.” – Brian Tracy
8. “Ninety percent of how well the talk will go is determined before the speaker steps on the platform.” – Somers
White
9. “Only the prepared speaker deserves to be confident.” – Dale Carnegie
10. “Courage is resistance to fear, mastery of fear – not absence of fear.” - Mark Twain

IV. Summary/Key
Points

❖ An informative speech aims to inform the audience about a specific topic. A persuasive speech aims
to persuade the audience to perform a certain action or convince the audience to adopt the belief or opinion of
the speaker. Many speeches will combine features of informative and persuasive speeches.

❖ Persuasion is a very important element of any business communication. It can be used for various purposes: to
convince someone in your point of view, to make someone change his or her ideas about something, to resolve
disputes.

❖ Persuasive communication is any message whose sole purpose is to get the listener to support and transform their
thinking in favor of the presenter’s perspective. It is about creating an attitude change to influence social behavior.
Your audience’s thoughts are critical to the process so you need to think about your listeners potential perspective
then it is often helpful to present refuting arguments before they are brought up. This can add credibility to the
speaker.
❖ Public speaking is the process of communicating information to an audience. It is usually done before a large
audience, like in school, the workplace and even in our personal lives. The benefits of knowing how to communicate
to an audience include sharpening critical thinking and verbal/non-verbal communication skills.
❖ It allows us to form connections, influence decisions, and motivate change. Without communication skills, the
ability to progress in the working world and in life, itself, would be nearly impossible. Public speaking is one of the
most important and most dreaded forms of communication.

V. End of Module
Assessment (EMA)

TASK 1 Write your answer on a short-sized bond paper and outputs will be collected on Monday.

What is the difference between an informative communication and a persuasive communication? Which

do you think is more challenging in terms of preparation and delivery? (10 points)

.
TASK 2

In a table, list essential preparations when communicating to inform, to persuade and to argue. Write your
answer on a short-sized bond paper and outputs will be collected on Monday.

To Inform To Persuade To Argue

TASK 3

Using the table below, compare and contrast extemporaneous speaking to/from impromptu speaking by

writing their differences in their respective columns and their similarities in the middle column.

Write your answer on a short-sized bond paper and outputs will be collected on Monday.

Impromptu Similarities Extemporaneous

Pick (1) from the teacher’s box a quote or a question. From either a quotation or question, develop your
sample speech. You may explain, argue, support and/or illustrate the quote you picked. Write your answer on
a short-sized bond paper and outputs will be collected on Monday.

1. What is the most difficult part of being a teenager or a college student today?
2. How the social media affected you?
3. What is the kindest gesture you have experienced from a stranger?
4. Are there times when you feel people misjudge someone? Cite an example.
5. Was there an instance when you misjudge someone? Give details of that instance
VIII. References

Psychologically Safe Workplace (A Carswell Implementation Guide). Carswell: Toronto, ON. Baillargeon, R., &
Devos, J. (1991). Object permanence in young infants: Child Development, 1227-1246.

Bruner, J. S. (1996). Toward a theory of instruction. Cambridge, Mass.: Belkapp Press.

Siegler, R.S., DeLoach, J.S. & Eisenberg, N. (2003). How Children Develop. New York: Worth.

Vaughn, B.E., Stevenson-Hinde, J., Waters, E., Kotsafis, A., et. al. (1992). Attachment security and temperament in
infancy and early childhood: Some conceptual clarification. Developmental Psychology, 28, 463-473.

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