Respiratory system: Digestive system:

✓ Functions ✓ Functions
✓ Organs ✓ Organs
✓ Organ function ✓ Organ function
✓ Types of Respiration ✓ Process of Digestion
✓ Common Diseases ✓ Common Diseases
The respiratory system is the network of organs and
tissues that help you BREATH.
It is the process of PUMPING AIR into ( INHALE) and
out ( EXHALE) of the LUNGS
Note:
We INHALE OXYGEN
We EXHALE CARBONDIOXIDE
The Function of the respiratory system is to exchange O2 and CO2
between air ( contains O2) and cells ( PRODUCES CO2 ) .
1.Help control the
temperature and water
content of air
2. Filter particles
from the incoming
air.
3. Play important
roles in the sense of
smell and the
regulation of pH
3. Aid in producing
the sounds used in
speech
 NOSE
FUNCTION:
- filter and warm
the entering air
with the help of
the cilia (hairs
inside it).
 P H A R Y N X “ T H R O AT ”
FUNCTION:
- connects the
nose with the
windpipe
- Common
pathway of air
and food
 TRACHEA “ WINDPIPE”
FUNCTION:
-large airways that
lead to the lungs
-connects the
larynx and the
bronchi
 BRONCHUS
FUNCTION:
-TRACHEA branches into two
tubes, the bronchi, inside the
lungs. Each bronchus
continues to branch and re-
branch until it is very small.
Each tubes finally ends in a
tiny air sac called an alveolus
(plural alveoli)
 LUNGS
FUNCTION:
- two up-side-down, cone
shape organs inside the
chest.
- full of thousands and
thousands of alveoli. It is
at the alveoli inside the
lungs that gases are
exchange.
 Asthma
- a condition in which your
airways narrow and swell
and may produce extra
mucus
- can make breathing difficult
and trigger coughing, a
whistling sound (wheezing)
when you breathe out and
shortness of breath.
 TREATMENT OF ASTHMA
1. BRONCHODILATOR- dilates
bronchus
EX: salbutamol
2. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY –
reduces or eliminates
inflammation
EX: hydrocortisone
3. MUCOLYTICS – loosens mucus
EX: Fluimucil
DEEP BREATHING EXERCISES
- A form of MEDITATION
MEDITATION INCREASE
TELOMERE LENGTH

NOTE: SHORT TELOMERE=

NOT ACTIVE CELL →DIE→
DISEASE
 “ SLOW BREATHING”

= INCREASE CO2→ INCREASE O2 THAT REACHES THE

ALVEOLI OF THE LUNGS
NOTE: CO2 IS NEEDED FOR THE O2 TO REACH THE
CELLS
 FOR NOT SLEEPING
For not sleeping
It is the organs that take in food and
liquids and break them down into
substances that the body can use for
energy, growth, and tissue repair.
IT FUNCTIONS FOR DIGESTION
 Digestion is the breakdown of
organic compounds (food) into
their simple forms for use by
the cells.
MECHANICAL DIGESTION
1. GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT- a tube open at the end
1. Makes and stores the chemicals that
chemically breakdown the food
1. Makes and stores the chemicals that
chemically breakdown the food
1. Makes and stores the chemicals that
chemically breakdown the food
1.DIGESTED FOOD FROM THE STOMACH WILL GO TO THE INTESTING.
2. ONCE IN LIQUID FORM, DIGESTED FOOD WILL GO TO THE INTESTINE WHERE VILLI
ARE PRESENT.
3.IN THE VILLI, NUTRIENTS WILL BE ABSORBED GOING TO THE BLOOD.
Note: larger surface area of the villi increases absorption of nutrients and other drugs.
 Gastroesophageal reflux disease
(GERD) occurs when stomach acid
repeatedly flows back into the tube
connecting your mouth and stomach
(esophagus). This backwash (acid reflux)
can irritate the lining of your esophagus.
LES- LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER
GERD PILLOW - to prevent backflow of acid