Ruby Tuesday Monmouth. Archaeological Watching Brief. APAC. LTD

DOCUMENT NO 477
PRN E006306 AUG 2020
A.P.A.C. Ltd.
Archaeological Perspectives Analysis Consultancy
ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATCHING BRIEF
WB/RTM/19
Ruby Tuesday, Monmouth
Monmouthshire County Council
Planning Application No: DM/2014/00620 – DM/2019/00420
PREPARED BY DR N PHILLIPS
10/08/2020
QA: A O Phillips
11/08/2020
A.P.A.C. Ltd Ruby Tuesday, Monmouth WB/RTM/19
Archive Cover Sheet
Site Name: Rear of Ruby Tuesday, 22-23, Agincourt Square,

Monmouth.
Site Code: WB/RTM/19
PRN: E006306
NPRN : -
SAM: -
NGR: 350726, 212873
Site Type: Commercial
Project Type: Watching Brief
Project Officer: Dr N Phillips
Project Dates: March – July 2020
Categories Present: 19th/20th century
Location of Original Archive: APAC. Ltd
Location of duplicate Archives: RCAHMW
Report depositories GGAT HER, Gwent Archives, Scribd
Number of Finds Boxes: none
Location of Finds: Returned to owner
Museum Reference: -
Copyright: APAC. Ltd
Restrictions to use none
1
Summary
A.P.A.C. Ltd was commissioned by the Client to carry out an archaeological watching brief at
the rear of a listed building; 22-23 Agincourt Square Monmouth; (centred on National Grid
Reference (NGR): 350726, 212873, during ground disturbance works required for a
redevelopment.
The site is also located within the Archaeologically Sensitive Area of Monmouth and just 15m
from scheduled monument, MM159.
Ground disturbance work to the existing cellars and rear yard had no impact on any significant
archaeological resources but an older masonry wall was partially revealed, notable for its lack
of alignment to the current structure.
Comisiynwyd APAC Cyf. gan y cleient i gwblhau gorchwyl gwylio archeolegol y tu ôl i adeilad
rhestredig, sef 22-23 Sgwâr Azincourt, Trefynwy (wedi’i ganoli ar Gyfeirnod Grid Cenedlaethol
(CGC): 350726, 21287, yn ystod gwaith torri tir ar gyfer ailddatblygiad.
Lleolir y safle hefyd o fewn Ardal Archeolegol Sensitif Trefynwy ac o fewn 15m i heneb
gofrestredig MM159.
Nid effeithiodd gwaith torri tir yn y selerydd presennol a’r iard gefn ar unrhyw adnoddau
archeolegol o bwys ond datgelwyd rhan o fur maen hŷn a oedd yn hynod am nad oedd ar yr un
cyfliniad â’r adeilad presennol.
Copyright Notice:
A.P.A.C. Ltd. retains copyright of this report under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988.
The Ordnance Survey has granted A.P.A.C. Ltd a Copyright Licence (No. 100046577) to reproduce map information; Copyright remains otherwise
with the Ordnance Survey.
Cover photograph: 133946. Ground reduction in cellar one
2
Contents
Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 2
Contents........................................................................................................................................... 3
Figures ............................................................................................................................................. 4
Plates ............................................................................................................................................... 4
Appendices ...................................................................................................................................... 5
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 6
Location of the Site ......................................................................................................................... 6
Topography and Geology ................................................................................................................ 6
Brief archaeological and historical background .............................................................................. 7
Aims and Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 9
Scope of the Work ......................................................................................................................... 10
Procedures ..................................................................................................................................... 10
Results ........................................................................................................................................... 11
Finds .............................................................................................................................................. 14
Interpretation ................................................................................................................................. 14
Archive .......................................................................................................................................... 14
Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................... 15
Project Management:..................................................................................................................... 15
Staff Resources:............................................................................................................................. 15
Copyright ....................................................................................................................................... 15
Bibliography and References: ....................................................................................................... 16
3
Figures
01 Site Location map
02 Heritage Asset Map
03 Plan view ground floor and cellars
04 Town ditch plan
05 Speed Map 1552-1629
06 Coxe Plan of Monmouth 1801
07 Ordnance Survey Maps, a – e
08 Plan of cellar 1 with archaeological resources
09 Plan of cellar 3 with archaeological resources
Plates
01 General - lower level of former shop floor. All brick work of lower building exposed. NW
02 Lower level of former shop floor to the north. Northern wall features exposed brick fireplace. W
03 General - lower level of former shop floor. S
04 General - lower level of former shop floor. SE
05 General - lower level of former shop floor. SE
06 General - lower level of former shop floor. S.
07 Lower level of former shop floor to the east. Floor fitted with timber planks over earlier decorative
tile. E.
08 Lower level of shop floor into western side room and stairs to first floor. Timber planked floor of
main room changes into tiled floor. V.
09 Cellar 1 Extent of <104>. Groove continues under south wall {122}
10 Cellar 1: angled edge of <104>. with possible post hole {124} at edge of groove. E.
11 Cellar 1: detail of <100> over <115> over <116>, over <117>, over (114)
12 Cellar 1, salt glaze pipe {128} in fill (129) cut [130]. W.
13 Cellar 1: recording {113}, <110> in foreground. NW.
14 Cellar 1: angled edge of <104>. with possible post hole [125] at edge of groove. N.
15 Cellar1: detail of {113} cut by [107] and filled by (108). V.
16 Cellar1: detail of {113} cut by [107] and filled by (108) over plastic membrane (125). V.
17 Cellar 1: small test pit 300mm east of {111} into (105). NW.
18 Cellar 1 Masonry wall {111} full extent, (105) at southern end. NW.
19 Cellar 1 Masonry wall {111} linear sequence 5 (105) at southern end. V.
20 Cellar 1: contexts <101> quarry tiles <102> concrete, bedding (103), (105) lenses of dk brown
with coal. W.
21 Small room to west between former lower level shop and stairwell to ground floor, room and floor
all tiled. N.
22 Second cellar north western corner, hole in plaster exposes coursed stone construct of wall
beneath, unlike that of lower level former shop, which is built in brick, SW.
23 Second cellar north eastern corner, hole in plaster exposes coursed stone construct of wall
beneath, unlike that of lower level former shop, which is built in brick, N.
24 General – all walls in second cellar feature batters or misalignment in some way. Floor has been
concreted.
25 General – all walls in second cellar feature batters or misalignment in some way. Floor has been
concreted. NW.
26 Cellar 2 – concrete floor, circle section has been cut in concrete. Floor below concrete features
clay/sand. V.
27 General - Stairwell into cellar from ground floor. NE.
28 Southern cellar 1, SE wall brick lined drain {306} in (302). No evidence of cut [307], Note no
alignment to SE Wall. Drain {309} to top right under blocked window. V.
29 Southern cellar 1, SE wall brick lined drain {306} in (302). No evidence of cut [307], E.
30 Southern cellar 1, SE wall brick lined drain {306} in (302). No evidence of cut [307]. {310] at
base of wall. SW
31 General - external ground level to west. A good proportion of the external ground is covered with
parts removed from the building and building materials. Ground level is a mixture of the above,
vegetation, stone/rubble and cement. NE.
4
32 General - external ground level to west. A good proportion of the external ground is covered with
parts removed from the building and building materials. Ground level is a mixture of the above,
vegetation, stone/rubble and cement. SE.
33 External rear. Footing 1. <200> over (201) over (202) . Central wall [203] with cement capping
[204]. Finished depth, SE.
34 External rear. Footing 1.<200>over (201) over (202) NE section. NE.
35 External rear. Footing 1.NE section<200> over 201 over (202) left. [204] 0ver [203] centre, SE.
Appendices
I Contexts: Ia, cellars 1 and 2, Ib, cellars 3 and 4, 1c, external.

II Digital Photograph list and context sheets
III Finds list
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Introduction
This archaeological watching brief report has been prepared by Dr N Phillips, A.P.A.C. Ltd, in response to an
approved variation; DM/2019/00420, of an earlier application, DC/2014/00620 and DC/2014/00620 itself, replaced
DC/2014/00619 and its later variation DM/2019/00418. The current variation is: Proposed Redevelopment of part of
site to the Rear of Listed Building Including Demolition and Re-building to similar footprints of two residential
Dwellings: Ruby Tuesday, 22-23, Agincourt Square, Monmouth, fig 01.
Glamorgan Gwent Archaeological Trust (GGAT), advisors to Monmouth County Council (MCC) identified that
development within the area would require and archaeological restraint (MON2097/JBHD) due to its location within
the Archaeologically Sensitive Area of Monmouth. This advice has remained through the above-mentioned
variations.
Approval: with a condition was given, which required that an archaeological watching brief should be maintained
during any ground disturbance work. DM/2019/00420.
“No development shall take place until the applicant, or their agents or successors in title, has
secured agreement for a written scheme of historic environment mitigation which has been
submitted by the applicant and approved by the local planning authority. Thereafter, the programme
of work will be fully carried out in accordance with the requirements and standards of the written
scheme”.
“Reason: To identify and record any features of archaeological interest discovered during the
works, in order to mitigate the impact of the works on the archaeological resource.”
MON2354/JBHD
The advice satisfies the requirements of Technical Advice Note (TAN) 24 as set out in Welsh Government: The
Historic Environment 2017.
The archaeologically sensitive area of Monmouth is detailed in Archaeology in Planning, Planning Advisory Note
September 2019; section A.S.A. 6. In addition, the site is within Monmouth Conservation Area, Historic Core
(MCAAMP 2016), fig02.
The area of development also lies approximately 15m from the Scheduled Ancient Monument; (SAM), of
“Monmouth castle”, Cadw ref: MM159. Due to the development area’s proximity to the “SAM”, Cadw where
contacted, replying that they had no objections to the proposed development. DM/2018/01885, 06/12/2018, Denise
Harris, Cadw.
Location of the Site
The location of the site is central to the town of Monmouth, fig 01.
If travelling north on the A40; on approaching Monmouth, the road passes through a tunnel after which is an immediate
left turn onto the B4293. At the roundabout, take the second turn onto Cinderhill Street, then take a right at the traffic
lights over the bridge into Monmouth town. Continue north along the High street until reaching the ‘Rolls’ monument
with a local “Iceland” on your left. “Castle Street” is the small lane the runs to the west just before “Iceland”, and up to
Monmouth castle and regimental museum. The site is the second building on the left along this road.
National Grid Coordinate is SO 350726, 212873
Topography and Geology
The Site is a covered rear extension to commercial premises fronting onto Agincourt Square in Monmouth. The entire
building footprint is 327m² with a further yard area of 117m²; however, the ground disturbance covered by the
watching brief was confined to 2x 4m² outside in the yard, and three cellars: 1 102m², 2 19m² and 3 40m², fig 03. The
eastern area of the building is bounded by a lane which climbs a gradient of 1:54 and gives access to the rear property
6
including Monmouth Castle remains. To the east, is a possible circuit and partial remains of the Castle’s outer curtain
wall.
The bedrock geology is St Maughans Formation Sandstone over which are drift deposits of Tidal Flat (sand and clay)
and River Terrace (sand and gravel), (BGS. ac.uk & OS Sheet 233 1974) although, there is a probability that the site
is on ‘made ground’.
Brief archaeological and historical background
The first documented record of Monmouth comes in the British section of the Itinerarium Provinciarum Antonini
Augusti, (RIVIT, 57. 1970).
On a Roman road between ISCA SILVRVM (Caerleon) and CALLEVA AREBATVM (Silchester);
mid-way at 11 miles between BVRRIVM (Usk) and ARICONIVM (Weston Under Penyard is
Monmouth.
The Antonine Itinerary has BLESTIO equidistant between BVRRIVM and ARICONIVM. Accepting the
interpretation for Roman BLESTIO (Blestium) as Monmouth, the location would have been a site of Roman interest
on a boundary between the Iron Age tribes of the Silures and the Dobunni. Primarily a military site, it is likely that
later development in the 2nd to 4th centuries changed Blestio into a civilian settlement, (Marvell 2001); a civilian site
undertaking a great deal of Iron working, (Newman, 394. 2000) & (Clarke, 99. 2008).
Little is known of the period between the departure of the Romans and the coming of the Normans, but it is
inconceivable that such an important site, with defences, infrastructure and possibly industry would have ceased to
exist. Interestingly, as evidence of a continued settlement, a now lost church of St Cadoc’s existed before the arrival
of the Normans because it is listed in the c1075 Foundation Charter of Monmouth Priory, (Soulsby 181. 1983), which
includes ‘a grant to the monks of a pre-existing church, St Cadoc, near my castle in my manor’, GGAT PRN01224g.
The Norman presence in Monmouth was established when William Fitz Osbern built a motte at Monmouth, which
obviously predates his death in AD-1071. The position of such a defensive work would be typical of the sites selected
by Fitz Osbern, as he strengthened a border along the Wye, (Phillips, p74 2006). The motte now has the later masonry
‘Monmouth Castle’ (MM159).
The Post Norman to Post Med period has left no overt remains within the town but there are examples of modified
medieval structures within the fabric of many of the Georgian listed buildings.
A 500m Historic Asset Search; centred on the site at Grid Ref: 360726 212873, fig 02, shows the building situated
within the Monmouth Conservation area, op. cit., and its proximity to three separate historically listed parks and
gardens: PGW (GT) 57 (Mon), GT47 and GT6, Chippenham fields, and its proximity to the Scheduled Monument,
(SM, CADW ref: MM159) of Monmouth Castle. The castle remains are thought to have been built between 1067 and
1071 by William Fitz Osbern, close counsellor of William the Conqueror. The search also reveals the mass extent of
approximately 200 Listed buildings surrounding the site.
A more focused search, based on the same NGR but within a 50m radius of the site; fig 02 inlay, highlights heritage
resources whose proximity could influence the interpretation if not physical remains found during the work. Within
the second search, 15 listed buildings where recorded, including that of Ruby Tuesday, CADW ref:2236 (see below).
The majority of the listed buildings range from late 18th to early 19th century with the exceptions of a 20th century
building and war memorial, and the grade 1 listed, Great Castle House; a mid-17th century secular building, listed as
an ‘exceptionally fine example of provincial Carolean architecture and (along with The Shire Hall) is one of the two
finest secular buildings in Monmouth’, Cadw Ref:2217. The Castle (mentioned above) is a Grade 1listed building and
a scheduled monument: SM, Cadw Ref: 2216.
As mentioned above, Ruby Tuesday is itself a Grade II listed building, listed as:
a ‘Mid C18, with early C20 shopfronts, and with the interior refitted in about 1920’, CADW
Ref:2236. The reason for its listing - ‘Included for its special architectural interest as a well-
preserved Georgian style historic building in the Monmouth town centre and as the home of a
notable local figure’, op. cit.
7
The ‘notable local figure’ mentioned is that of Charles Heath (1761-1831), a local printer and historical writer, who
was also twice elected as Mayor of Monmouth, (1819 and 1821). He is well noted for the historical and topographical
data he collected on the county of Monmouthshire, with his works proving to be an - invaluable source of information
to later historians, including David Williams, archdeacon William Coxe, and Sir Joseph A. Bradney. “Dictionary of
Welsh Biography, https://biography.wales/article/s-HEAT-CHA-1761”
For the full guide of listed buildings and their reasons for being listed, please see the table below:
CADW REF Name Grade Listing Possible age Reason for listing
2216 Monmouth I 11th/12th Included and highly graded despite its ruined state as the key
castle historic building in the development of the town of
Monmouth. Scheduled Ancient Monument: MM159(MON).
2217 Great Castle I 1673 Highly graded as an exceptionally fine example of provincial
house Carolean architecture and (along with The Shire Hall) is one of
the two finest secular buildings in Monmouth.
2246 Castle, Hill II Early 18th Special architectural interest as a fine early C18 house in the
House Monmouth town centre and as a part of the important group of
historic buildings at Monmouth Castle.
2236 Ruby II Mid 18th Special architectural interest as a well-preserved Georgian style
Tuesday, historic building in the Monmouth town centre and as the home
22/23 of a notable local figure, Charles Heath.
Agincourt
Square
2235 NO.19 II Early 18th Special architectural interest as a well-preserved Georgian style
Agincourt historic building in the Monmouth town centre.
square
87594 24-25 II 20th Included as a very good example of purpose-built commercial
Agincourt architecture of its period retaining good original detail, and for
Square its importance as a well preserved and prominent Woolworths
store once common throughout the UK
85238 War memorial II 20th Special historic interest as a war memorial in the Monmouth
town centre and as a part of the important group of buildings at
Monmouth Castle.
2234 16 Agincourt II Late 18th Special architectural interest as a well-preserved Georgian style
Square historic building in the Monmouth town centre.
85035 15 Agincourt II Late 18th Included for group value with other historic buildings in the
Square Monmouth town centre
2233 14 Agincourt II Late 18th Included for group value with other historic buildings in the
Square Monmouth town centre
2232 16 Agincourt II Early 19th Special interest as a pre-1840 historic building, which has
Square retained its character, in the Monmouth town centre.
85023 HSBC, 12 II Early 20th Special interest as a well-designed example of a c1900
Agincourt commercial building in the Monmouth town centre.
Square
2231 11 Agincourt II Early 19th Included for its special interest as part of a group of historic
Square buildings in the Monmouth town centre.
85224 Queens Head II Early 19th Included for its special interest as part of a group of historic
pub, No 1 buildings in the Monmouth town centre.
Monnow St
85051 1A Monnow II Early 19th Included for its special architectural interest as part of a varied
St group of historic buildings in the Monmouth town centre.
(Full information for the Cadw listings are easily accessible online: (https://cadw.gov.wales/advice-support/cof-
cymru/search-cadw-records)).
Further to the information gleaned from the Historic Asset Search, is map produced showing the Castle’s partially
recorded defensive medieval ditch placements and their proximity to the current site of Ruby Tuesday, Fig 04,(Clarke,
et al. 2008, Pg:50). Although they don’t fall directly to the position of the current building, the proximity of them to
the site, would suggest the entire area to have been included within the Castle’s defences, probably directly within the
motte ditch; later buildings encroaching into the ditch banks.
Map Progressions
The first cartographic representation of the site can be found with John Speeds map of Monmouth – 1522-1629, fig
05. The map, although not overly accurate by today’s standards, represents medieval Monmouth much the same as it
is today. The map shows the town’s basic layout, and orientation, with its main street through the town, up to the
castle and its defensive walls. The road to the Castle, (Castle Hill) runs to the north west from the main road, (Monnow
road). Interestingly at this point are two buildings placed either side at the start of the junction facing the main road,
8
with the southernmost potentially being a partial possible precursor to what is now part of the Ruby Tuesday building,
see arrow.
Coxe’s map; 1800, fig 06, shows the first documented town plan of Monmouth, accurately represented, in both its
orientation and building placements. On this map we glean the placement of the now heavily built up Castle Hill. Both
sides of the road now feature many buildings. At this point the Ruby Tuesday building and the buildings directly to
the north and south, as well as buildings to the west are more accurately portrayed. Areas to the back of the buildings
appear to be open possibly arable land, on what was once possibly burgage plots. As was mentioned above, Charles
Heath who produced the maps for Coxe was a resident here at the time.
Over the course of the later map progressions, figs 07a to 07d, spanning years 1886-1954, little of the actual building
block depiction has changed, whereas there are changes to the grounds behind Ruby Tuesday and the surrounding
buildings. Within this space, rear areas to the properties fronting Agincourt Square, appear to have been built up,
demolished, and extended over the years, and as such may have had an archaeological impact to the current footprint
of the site, which now occupies some of these grounds. However, it is important to note that it is not clear how much
of the change is due to cartographic depiction rather than accuracy.
Consider the layout of fig 07b, which shows a solid block of structure with one solid extension, mid-point, orientated
to the north east. The earlier map fig 07a shows a less overall bulk of building; the extension is there but itself has a
further narrow extension, whilst to both sides are rectangular spaces. Neither of the rectangular spaces are shown in
fig 07b but both return in figs 07c & 07d, however, the further extension appears to have been truncated, leaving an
isolated square area within the current site.
The modern map, Fig 07e, restores the continuous secondary extension but redefines the rectangular space to the south
with changes to both the main building and its surroundings suggesting later 20th century modifications.
Aims and Objectives
The aim of the watching brief is to establish the presence/absence of archaeological structures or other significant
features within the works area.
Should any archaeological resources be revealed their presence will be recorded and a decision made as to any
mitigation measures.
The archaeological watching brief will be carried out to the standards laid down in the Chartered Institute of Field
Archaeologists, Guideline for Watching Briefs 2014.
An archaeological watching brief:
The definition of an archaeological watching brief is a formal programme of observation

and investigation conducted during any operation carried out for non-archaeological
reasons. This will be within a specified area or site on land, inter-tidal zone or
underwater, where there is a possibility that archaeological deposits may be disturbed
or destroyed. The programme will result in the preparation of a report and ordered
archive.
This definition and Standard do not cover chance observations, which should lead to an
appropriate archaeological project being designed and implemented, nor do they apply
to monitoring for preservation of remains in situ. A watching brief will preserve by
record, within the resources available, any archaeological deposits uncovered during
groundwork.
The watching brief will ensure that: in the event of archaeological resources of
significance, being discovered and requiring treatment beyond the remit of the watching
brief; then steps would be implemented to ensure that their treatment would be
undertaken within the standards recommended by the CIFA.
Resulting from the watching brief, a report on the results will be produced, which will
include a detailed summary of the methodology, site history, deposits/features/
9
structures/artefacts uncovered and interpretation of the results.

(CIFA. 2014).
Scope of the Work
The archaeology of the application site, as a whole, in its wider local or regional context, was considered, although
the watching brief was be confined to those areas which were directly affected by the development or some aspect of
it. All remains of potential interest where considered, whatever their date. All groundworks with the potential to
disturb archaeological features, deposits or horizons were closely monitored by the watching brief archaeologist.
Procedures
A date for the proposed commencement of the work was agreed with the client, and GGAT were given notice prior
to the commencement of on-site works, after which an archaeologist was on site to watch all ground disturbance work
and to record anything of archaeological significance. Unfortunately, the initial work started a few days prior to lock
down due to the Covid 19 lockdown, 23rd March 2020, and so further work was put on hold until the end of May,
with final work in July.
As the site had isolated areas within upstanding structures a pre-ground disturbance survey was undertaken in order
to produce a working plan of the complex. This survey was undertaken with a 3D scanner, providing both measured
working plans providing the data for the figure plan, fig 03, and its derivatives, used in this report
The survey also provided evidence of changes to the internal walls of the cellars, which it was hoped would provide
insight into any associated anomalies within the ground.
Documentary Research
Sufficient documentary research was be undertaken to complete a brief background history of the site in order to place
the results of the watching brief in their historic context.
The intention was to contact the following towards this end:
• Cadw (Cardiff)
• Current site data from the landowner
• Glamorgan Gwent Historic Environment Record (HER) (Swansea)
• National Library of Wales (Aberystwyth)
• Public Record Office, Ebbw Vale
• Various online sources
The work was undertaken during the Covid 19 restrictions which have severely reduced access to most of the
usual research venues. The research for this report has therefore been undertaken from APAC.Ltd archives
and library as well as online sources.
Ground Disturbance
Ground disturbance work within the cellars consisted of ground reduction of around 180mm of various
concrete/limecrete floors, in order to provide a suitable stable surface for new flooring in the conversion of the former
commercial buildings to residential use. The excavation work was undertaken using a combination of; mechanical
excavation with a 0.8 ton, tracked mechanical digger fitted with a toothless bucket, pneumatic breakers, and hand
digging with all spoil removed to the surface by powered conveyor belts for subsequent disposal off site. Further
clearance of potential archaeological resources was done with a trowel prior to recording.
External work in the western yard consisted of the excavation of 2 x 1m x 1m pits to provide concrete bases for pillars
to support a first-floor balcony. This work was undertaken entirely by hand with shovel, pick and pneumatic breaker
and again the limited clearance of potential archaeological resources was done with a trowel prior to recording.
10
Recording work
All encountered contexts were recorded on APAC Ltd, pro-forma context sheets and an ordered site archive was
maintained. All photographs were taken with a recognised scale and recorded in RAW and TIFF formats; resolution
of at least 12MP+. On-site illustrations (plans and sections) were undertaken on drafting film to recognised and
appropriate scales (1:10, 1:20).
A metal detector was present on site throughout the course of the watching brief allowing for excavated areas and
spoil heaps to be scanned for finds; none were found.
There were no small finds but some assemblages with possible dating typology were collected and stored for
processing in numbered bags relating to context and date of discovery.
Some archaeological features were discovered, and work ceased in the immediate area until the archaeologist had
been able to fully inspect the feature and determine its importance. These features were then recorded and surveyed
with the 3D scanner so that they could be added to the plans, figs 08 & 09.
Representatives from GGAT were granted access to the site for monitoring and inspection visits throughout the course
of the watching brief but again the Covid 19 lockdown prevented these.
Results
NB: All structures are denotated with brackets { }, deposits with curved brackets ( ) surfaces with angled brackets <
> and cut with square brackets [ ]. The complete index is given in Appendix I. Photographs referred to in the text are
denoted PL; a complete list is given in Appendix II, including a contact sheet of all photographs taken during the
work. Finds assemblages are denoted AS and a list is provided in Appendix III.
Cellar 1 fig 03
Prior to excavation work the cellar was a partial sub-ground room along the northern side against the rise of the lane
to the castle. This is evident from the windows along that edge, the easternmost and central blocked windows are
shown in PL 01; there is a third to the east. The northern wall, {119}, is 19th/20th c rough surfaced brick construction
and includes three brick support pillars and later repairs/alterations.
The western wall is dominated by a brick construction, flat arched chimney breast {131}, PL02, which has been butt
jointed to the earlier wall, {120} and is misaligned, fig 08. To the south is the entrance doorway giving access to cellar
2 and the entry stairwell.
The southern wall, {122} has seen some developments leaving a westernmost section of 2.78m, PL03, and an
easternmost section of 2.59m, PL04; the centre 9.59m section having been moved 2.48m south {132}and the structural
support gap replaced with two free standing brick pillars, {121}, PL05. The easternmost section, PL04, also shows
evidence of a blocked void, {123}, possibly a doorway at a small angle with the eastern wall, see fig 08.
The eastern wall, {118}, PL04 and PL06, is a modern plasterboard partition, erected as part of this development and
separates the current building from the basement of Ruby Tuesday which fronts Agincourt Square. As a matter of
interest, Pl06 also shows the third blocked window of northern wall {120}.
The existing floor covering consisted of a central rectangular area of linoleum strips <100> (former mid-20th c dance
floor), over a border of diamond set pattern quarry tiles <101> in an alternating pattern of 4 reds and 9 black, PL07.
The tiles <101> formed a northern border of 1.8m, and a southern extent of 1.9m before truncation by the partition
wall {118}. Towards the west there was a concrete floor, <102>, PL02, 3.9m wide, whilst to the south the linoleum
<100> stopped short of wall {122} and pillars {121} by 0.5m.
One further difference was a section of single red quarry tiles <115> a small section of floor, west of <100> at
entrance PL08.
Excavation revealed a general sequence of <100> central only, over <101> over <102> concrete over (103) hardcore.
Isolated variations occurred:
11
At the eastern end of the cellar sequence: <100> over <101> was a localised area with an additional surface <104>
107mm concrete; with an 80mm deep recessed channel, overlying (127), PL09. At the north end of the channel was
a defined edge, PL10, presumably left after a door post had been removed. Deposit (127) differs from (103) in colour
and content having larger pieces of building rubble and containing a large percentage of voids. Another sequence of
a possible wall base was partially exposed under <104> along the eastern end, consisting of a single course of mortared
brick {109}.
The western end of the cellar had an isolated sequence to the south of <115> red quarry tiles, over an 18mm layer of
black material (116) over a very hard dark concrete <117> over (103); PL11 illustrates a fragment in section. This
particular sequence had been built over the installation of a service pipe {128}, PL12, which was only partially cleared
as it was hoped to adapt it for the current project. The photograph shows that the pipe continues to the eastern wall
{118}of the cellar, although it was below the excavation depth required so not investigated along its length. The
eastern end was confirmed with a test pit, (not shown).
The majority of the western end of the cellar floor, between the dance floor and the western wall {120} was covered
with a hard concrete with occasional metal rods that had been poured into wooden battened sections, <110>, PL13,
(note parallel linear features bottom right of photograph).
Excavation along the northern wall revealed a cut [107], PL14, for the masonry foundation in lime mortar,{106),
supporting later wall {119}. The cut had been backfilled with (108) a deposit of soft black soil with occasional
domestic debris AS2.
Also cut by [107] was a 3m length of lime mortared masonry wall {111} PL15 and a single course, 3.9m brick wall
{113} PL16.
In the case of the masonry wall {111} it was under concrete <110> at a depth of 170 mm which extended to the west
side, and black coal dust and small building and domestic debris, AS2, to the east (112), PL15. The surface to the west
was below the required depth and so was not cleaned beyond the purpose of establishing the width of the wall. The
surface to the east, however, was examined and the base of the wall found at a depth 420mm its outer, eastern face
rendered in a grey surface, PL17. The fill (112) yielded AS1 18th/early 20th c domestic ceramics and glass. A further
opportunity to understand the purpose of the wall {111} was taken by quickly establishing a full surviving length of
the structure, PL18 & PL19, fig 08. The wall was not at right angles to the Northern wall {119} being offset by 12°,
nor was it parallel to the western wall {120}, fig 08. Its remaining length was 2.24m and it ended with a purposefully
placed, cut stone with no return, PL19.
The single course, single width brick wall {113}, PL13, had again been cut by the foundation trench for the north wall
but in this instance the fill was (125) laid over a plastic membrane, PL16. It was not clear if (125) was later than {113}
or if the end was opportune as the bricks were not bonded. However, the fill to the south between walls {113} &
{111} was concrete <110> whereas to the west it was compressed, red sandy clay (114), PL13.
The red sandy clay (114) could be expected to be natural within this part of Monmouth, however it covers more plastic
membrane at the western wall beneath the fireplace {131}.
Another lens of dark black material (105), 5m to the east of masonry wall {111} had been found earlier in the work
where the machine had gone slightly deeper through (103) than was needed PL20. (105) and (112) are the same.
A general interpretation of the cellar’s standing structure could be explained as: the majority of the walls are of single-
phase construction based on materials used and corner joints. A development had taken place to extend a portion of
the floor to the south increasing the surface area and the insertion of support pillars along the south and north walls
were probably a solution to structural issues.
The brick section parallel to the western wall is not structural, but clearly marks some demarcation due to the
difference in fills each side.
The masonry wall {111}, which has one thinly rendered surface, would appear to pre-date the current cellar due to its
orientation, but as it is a single stones thickness, again it is unlikely to have been structural based on the surviving
remains. The later fill <110> on the inside surface, which was not excavated, may however, either hide or have
replaced further remains.
12
Cellar 2
Cellar 2 measured 4.5m x 2.4m and was clad in white glazed tiles over a floor of red quarry tiles; an extension of
<115> from Cellar 1, PL21. The western wall had an array of electrical fixings and the north wall a low shelf, again
clad in glazed tiles.
Excavation here was hampered by lack of working space but the work revealed a simple sequence of <115> red quarry
tiles, over an 18mm layer of black material (116), over a very hard dark concrete <117> over (103), as in Cellar 1.
The glazed pipe was also found at the doorway but again was not disturbed as it was below the required ground
reduction.
Cellar 3&4
Cellar 3 was a problem to photograph, it was quite a small low space with no lighting and the walls and ceiling were,
whitewashed, lime plaster; so, there were no really visible features to note. Areas where the plaster had fallen off did
give some insight into construction as on the south west wall {303}, PL22, uncoursed stone over a lower area of brick,
possibly a blocked access. The north east partial adjoining wall to cellar 4, PL23< where a vertical joint is clearly
apparent, although an opening here would lead into the ground behind the north west wall in cellar 4. The south east
wall had an opening blocked with breeze blocks and on further inspection; with permission of the owners of the
neighbouring property, could be seen to be an external, above ground wall.
The ceiling was a construction of pre-cast concrete beams, supported by a grid of re-used railway lines as can be seen
in PL24 & PL25. The floor was cement and as the test core in PL26 shows, quite shallow over a bedding of rubble
(301), PL26.
Cellar 4 was almost half the size of cellar 3 and accommodated a flight of concrete access steps along the south east
wall PL27, which was its only feature of note.
The survey revealed an interesting misalignment of walls, some bowed, and no right angles except along the south
east wall, which as mentioned above is an external, above ground wall. It is quite probable that the cellar’s construction
dug into a pre-existing bank, which could also explain the bowing or curvature of the north east walls which may be
revetment walls.
Excavation of these cellars waited until after the pre-cast roof had been removed but even then, space restrictions,
dust and noise from the pneumatic breakers made recording quite difficult. The flooring of both cellars consisted of
80mm of concrete <300> over a 300mm bedding of building rubble (301) over a dark brown compacted clay (302).
Along the north west wall and the south west wall of cellar 3 was a possible cut [304] and fill (305) mostly building
rubble, not visible in photographs, which may be associated with repairs to the walls but unlikely to be the foundation
cut due to the relatively modern nature of the rubble included in the deposit.
Along the south east external wall of cellar 4 was a brick lined gully {306}, PL28, leading to a drain {309}, below
the blocked window, PL29. Both drain and gulley were blocked with a fine dark brown sandy silt but no finds. At the
south west end, the drain passed through wall{303}, PL30, which may indicate either drainage for a revetment of a
possible further space beyond the wall.
It is worth noting that the potentially open drainage {306} does not run parallel to the south east wall which it runs
along, PL 28, nor does it take the quickest direct route to the outside which would be the south east corner.
Yard
As noted above, two trenches were planned, one central to the yard just beyond the building, PL31, and the other
against the south west wall, PL32. Only one was completed as trench 2 was found to be a concrete mass, {205}; over
450mm deep across the entire 2m² trench. This pre-existing structure was adequate to be left in situ as it exceeded the
building requirements necessary for the balcony support.
Trench 1, PL33, was excavated to a required depth of 450mm and yielded a simple sequence of 80mm of concrete
<200>, over 300mm of building debris (201), over a black sandy soil (202), PL34. A difference occurred on the south
east edge where two courses of brick {203} with a bevelled cement cap {204} were revealed, PL35.
13
As a possible explanation, the south east edge of the trench was against the inside of a wall above the neighbouring
garden. The cement capping would hint at either a garden wall or because it was had a narrow width a chimney stack.
Finds
No small finds were discovered during the work but three sets of finds assemblages were collected in order to date
some of the interesting contexts.
Assemblages 1 and 2 came from contexts (105) and (112), which were later identified as two isolated instances of
the same context and relate to a 19th/20th c archaeological horizon associated with build up against masonry wall
{111}.
Assemblage 3 came from fill (202) of trench one as is presumed to be garden soil with re distributed domestic
ceramics, 19th/20th c.
Interpretation
The survey revealed that the majority of the cellar walls are of single construction based on materials used and corner
joints. A development had taken place to extend a portion of the floor to the south increasing the surface area. The
insertion of support pillars along the south and north walls were probably solution to structural issues.
The western wall had various repairs, some including breeze blocks and plastic membrane, which would suggest
development in the latter half of the 20th century at the earliest.
The brick wall {113} is curious as it marks a boundary between the main concrete floor <110> and the deposit of
clay (114), however it is not fixed in anyway, so not structural.
The masonry wall {111} could predate the current cellar judging by the misalignment with the northern wall however
the section exposed does not appear to be structural. That said, there is a rendered face to the south east and a quite
different 19th/20th c fill on that side. It is also worth considering that the current position as a below ground area may
be recent as the slope to the castle compound may have been altered for modern transportation.
With the above considerations noted, the work at the site has not impacted upon any significant archaeological
resources.
Archive
The archive will be prepared according to the Management of Archaeological Projects, English Heritage, MoRPHE
V1.2 (2015) so the records will be fully ordered and indexed. The project archives will consist of all original records,
and all documentation that relates to the watching brief; copies of the WSI and any relevant correspondence will be
included.
The original archive for the watching brief will be retained by A.P.A.C. Ltd.
A copy of the data archive will be deposited with RCAHMW within keeping with their published guidelines:
http://www.rcahmw.gov.uk/HI/ENG/Search+Records/Standards/Archive/
A further copy of the digital archive will be deposited with GGAT HER in keeping with their published guidelines:
http://www.GGAT.org.uk/her/downloads/Guidance%20for%20the%20Submission%20of%20Data%20to%20Welsh
%20HERs.pdf
The archives will be deposited within twelve months of the completion of the watching brief with the agreement of
the landowner.
A synopsis of the project will be submitted to CBA Wales and the full client report published online through Scribd.
14
Acknowledgments
I would like to thank the owner for allowing me to work on this interesting project and the contractor and his staff for
showing me every courtesy in carrying out my work. I am sure he now has a lot of budding archaeologists on his team
to deal with
Project Management:
Dr Neil Phillips, A.P.A.C. Ltd, will manage the project.
Dr N. Phillips has been active in archaeology since 1997, completing his 1st degree in 1999 followed
by a research Phd in 2004. Dr Phillips started and has been director of A.P.A.C. Ltd since 2004.
A.P.A.C. Ltd is an archaeological consultancy specialising in landscape archaeology and survey work.
Dr Phillips interests lie locally with the medieval period and industrial period although he has been
involved in international Palaeolithic projects both in the UK as well as Europe and Africa. Scibd
currently carries a range of archaeological projects completed by APAC Ltd (search APAC. Ltd or Dr
N Phillips).
APAC. Ltd has current Public Liability and Professional Indemnity Insurance with Towergate (24765101 CHC)
Staff Resources:
• Project Manager: Dr Neil Phillips MCIfA

• Ceramicist: Steve Clarke MCIFA
• Small Finds Analysis: Lynne Bevan
• Finds Processing: A.O. Phillips
• Industrial Specialist: Dr G Mc Donnall
• Faunal Remains: P. Forward
• Environmental Samples: Dr T Davies
Any changes to the management or supervision of the project will be relayed to GGAT.
Copyright
A.P.A.C. Ltd will retain full copyright of any reports and specialist reports, under the Copyright, Designs and Patents
Act of 1988 with all rights reserved.
A.P.A.C. Ltd hereby gives permission for the monitoring authority to use any documentation directly relating to the
project as described in this Project Design.
15
Bibliography and References:
British Geological
Survey, 2020, Geology of Britain Viewer, http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home.html (accessed
8.07.2020)
CADW ref: DM/2019/00418. Planning Application – Variation of condition no 3. Of planning permission

DC/2014/00619, Property to rear of 22-23 Agincourt Square, Monmouth, Monmouthshire,
NP25 3DY. 17/April/2019. Moira Richards.
MM159 – Monmouth Castle

DM/2018/01885, 06/12/2018, Denise Harris
Coxe. W., 1801 An Historical Tour in Monmouthshire, (rep in 2 volumes) Knight, J. Merton Priory Press.
1995.
Chartered Institute
For Archaeologists. Standards and Guidance for an Archaeological Watching Brief. 2014.
Code of Conduct 2014 rev 2019
Clarke, S., 2008. Down the Dig Monmouth an Adventure in Archaeology. Monmouth Archaeological
Society.
FAME. The Standing Conference of Archaeology Unit Managers Health and Safety Manual. 2002.
Graham Frecknall
Architecture & Design
Redevelopment to rear of 22-23 Agincourt Square Monmouth.
1605.18 AL.0.1 Proposed Site & location plans

1605.18 AL.0.111 Proposed Site Plan
1605.18 AL.0.21 Section through north elevation-Existing & proposed
1605.18 AL.0.110 Proposed Site Plan
1605.18 AL.0.10 Ground & first floor
1605.18 AL.0.30 Existing North elevation
1605.19 AL.0.10 Existing Floor Plans with internal photographs
1605.19 AL.0.10 Proposed floor plans & elevations
GGAT MON2097/JBHD. 22 Aug 2014. Re: Proposed Redevelopment of Part of Site to Rear of
Listed Building Including Demolition and Re-buildings to Similar Footprints of Two
Residential Dwellings: Ruby Tuesday, 22-23 Agincourt Square, Monmouth. PL.App.No.:
2014/00619.
MON2097/CG. 17 Oct 2014. Re: Proposed Redevelopment of Part of Site to Rear of Listed
Building Including Demolition and Re-buildings to Similar Footprints of Two Residential
Dwellings: Ruby Tuesday, 22-23 Agincourt Square, Monmouth. PL.App.No.: 2014/00619.
MON2097/JBHD. 29 April 2019. Re: Variation of Condition No.3 of Planning Permission

DC/2014/00619: Property to the rear of 22-23 Agincourt Square, Monmouth. PL.App.No.:
2019/00418
Historic England Management of Archaeological Projects. MoRPHE V1.2 (2015)
16
HSE. Health and Safety at Work Act, 1974.
HSE. Construction (Design and Management) Regulations. 2015
Marvell, A. G. (ed.),
2001, BAR British Series 320: Investigations along Monnow Street, Monmouth, Oxford
MCC DM/2014/00619 – Ruby Tuesday 22-23 Agincourt Square Monmouth NP25 3DY.
Redevelopment of part of site to rear of listed building including demolition and re-buildings
to similar footprints of two residential dwellings.
DM/2014/00620 – Variation condition 2, Ruby Tuesday 22-23 Agincourt Square Monmouth

NP25 3DY. Redevelopment of part of site to rear of listed building including demolition and
re-buildings to similar footprints of two residential dwellings.
DM/2019/00418 - Variation condition 2, Ruby Tuesday 22-23 Agincourt Square Monmouth

NP25 3DY. Redevelopment of part of site to rear of listed building including demolition and
re-buildings to similar footprints of two residential dwellings. New proposal is for a single
dwelling retaining, with alterations, the existing buildings
DM/2019/00420 – Variation of condition 2 (Change of approved plans) relating to application

DC/201400620
Newman, J., 2000. The Building of Wales Gwent and Monmouthshire. Penguin Books. University of
Wales Press.
Monmouth MCAAMP, 2016. Monmouth Conservation Area Appraisal & Management Proposals.
A.S.A. 2019. Archaeology in Planning, Planning Advisory Note
Phillips, N., 2006. Earthwork Castles of Gwent & Ergyng AD 1050 – 1250. BAR Series 420.
RCAHMW. National Standard and Guidance to Best Practice for Collecting and Depositing
Archaeological Archives in Wales, 2017.
RIVIT, A.L.F., 1970. The British Section of the Antonine Itinerary (in) Britannia. I. 34-82.
Shoesmith, R., 1973. Excavations in Monmouth. The Monmouthshire Antiquary, 10-15, VI. 1990.
Soulsby, I., 1983. The Towns of Medieval Wales. Phillimore.
The Welsh Archaeological

Trusts. Guidance for the Submission of Data to the Welsh Historic Environment Records (HERs)
2018
Welsh
Government 2018, Planning policy Wales, Edition 10
Technical Advice Note Tan.24, The Historic Environment 2017
17
Online Sources:
Google maps
http://www.google.com/maps
http://magic.defra.gov.uk/
https://biography.wales/article/s-HEAT-CHA-1761
https://cadw.gov.wales/advice-support/cof-cymru/search-cadw-records
A.P.A.C. Registered Address: Wyastone Estate, Wyastone Leys, Monmouth, NP25 3SR.
Tel: 07734962919. Mobile: 07734962919 Email: apac.philips@btinternet.com
Company Registration No 5041541 VAT Reg No 826 3628 19
Director: Dr. N. Phillips BA (Hons). Cert Ed/FE. MCIFA.
18
The Ordnance Survey has granted A.P.A.C. Ltd a Copyright Licence (No. 100046577)
A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/RTM/19

Fig 01: Location
N
N
Legend
NGR: 360726 212873
Conservation area
Cadw historic parks
Cadw Listed Buildings
Cadw SAM sites
Fig 02: Heritage asset map A.P.A.C. Ltd. WB/RTM/19

Lane to castle
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
Ground floor
Cellar 3
Cellar 4
Ground floor
Rear yard
0 5 10m
1:250@A4
Fig 03 plan view, ground floor and cellars A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/RTM/19
adapted from: Clarke et al 2008.

Down the dig, Monmouth, 50.
Site
Fig 04: Medieval town ditch placements

SITE
Fig 05: 1522-1629 Speed map A.P.A.C. Ltd. WB/RTM/19

adapted from Coxe.

An Historical Tour In Monmouthshire 1801
Site

Fig 06, Town Map of Monmouth.
The Ordnance Survey has granted A.P.A.C. Ltd a Copyright Licence (No. 100046577)
N N
Fig 07a: Monmouthshire XIV, Surveyed 1880-1881, Fig 07b: Monmouthshire XIV.NE. Revised 1900,
Published 1886 Published 1902
N N
Fig 07c: Monmouthshire XIV. Revised 1918, Fig 07d: Monmouthshire XIV. Revised 1943-1949,
Published 1922 Publised 1953
Fig 07e: Modern mapping

125 113 111 108

131
119
120 112
105
110 103
103
114
118
Cellar 1 124
127
Cellar 2
110
104 109
122 122 132
102
132
128
121
0 1 2m
1:100@A4

Fig 08 cellars 1 & 2 with archaeology
303
Cellar 4
303
302
303
305
d
un
ro
302
eg
308
ov
309
Cellar 3
ab
all
lw
na
ter
303
306
Ex
310
0 5 10m
1:100@A4

Fig 09 cellars 3 & 4 with archaeology
A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/RTM/19 Ruby Tuesday, Monmouth
IMG_1327
N
General - lower level of former shop floor.

All brick work of lower building exposed.
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 01
IMG_1331
N
Lower level of former shop floor to the

north. Northern wall features exposed
brick fireplace.
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 02
IMG_1337
N
General - lower level of former shop floor
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 03
IMG_1324
N
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 04
IMG_1338
N
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 05
IMG_1326
N
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 06
IMG_1328
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 07
IMG_1336
N
Lower level of shop floor into western

side room and stairs to first floor.
Timber planked floor of main room
Cellar 2 changes into tiled floor.
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 08
93436
N
Cellar 1 Extent of <104>. Groove continues

under south wall {122}
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 09
IMG_1377
N
Cellar 1: angled edge of <104> with possible

post hole {124} at edge of groove
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 10
120130
Cellar 1: detail of <100> over <115> over

<116>, over <117>, over(114)
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 11
103206
Cellar 1, salt glaze pipe {128} in fill (129)

cut [130]
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 12
102951
N
Cellar 1: recording {113}, <110> in

foreground
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 13
IMG_1377
N
Cellar 1: wall pillar {119} over {106} with

(108),, cut [107] into (105),
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 14
IMG_1384
N
Cellar1: detail of {113} cut by [107] and

filled by (108)
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 15
IMG_1391
N
Cellar1: detail of {113} cut by [107] and

filled by (108) over plastic membrane (125)
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 16
134245
N
Cellar 1: small test pit 300mm east of

{111} into (105)
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 17
IMG_0010
N
Cellar 1 Masonry wall {111} full extent,

(105) at southern end
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 18
IMG_0009
N
Cellar 1 Masonry wall {111} linear sequence

5 (105) at southern end
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 19
124612
N
Cellar 1: contexts <101> quarry tiles<102>

concrete, bedding (103), (105), lenses of dk
brown with coal
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 20
IMG_1341
N
Small room to west between former lower

level shop and stairwell to ground floor,
room and floor all tiled.
Cellar 2
Cellar 1
0 1 2m
Plate 21
IMG_1365
Second cellar north western corner, hole

N in plaster exposes coursed stone construct
Cellar 4
of wall beneath, unlike that of lower level
former shop, which is built in brick,
Cellar 3
0 5 10m
Plate 22
N IMG_1364
Second cellar north eastern corner, hole in
plaster exposes coursed stone construct
Cellar 4
Cellar 3
0 5 10m
Plate 23
N IMG_1361
Second cellar north eastern corner, hole in
plaster exposes coursed stone construct
Cellar 4
Cellar 3
0 5 10m
Plate 24
N
IMG_1363
General – all walls in second cellar feature
batters or misalignment in some way.
Cellar 4
Floor has been concreted.
Cellar 3
0 5 10m
Plate 25
IMG_1367
Cellar 2 – concrete floor, circle section has
N
been cut in concrete. Floor below concrete
Cellar 4
features clay/sand
Cellar 3
0 5 10m
Plate 26
IMG_1357
General – all walls in cellar feature batters
N or misalignment in some way. Floor has
Cellar 4
been concreted.
Cellar 3
0 5 10m
Plate 27
IMG_0428
N
Southern cellar 1, SE wall brick lined drain
{306} in (302). No evidence of cut [307],
Cellar 4
Note no alignment to SE Wall. Drain {309}
to top right under blocked window.
Cellar 3
0 5 10m
Plate 28
IMG_0427
N {306} in (302). No evidence of cut [307],
Cellar 4
Cellar 3
0 5 10m
Plate 29
IMG_0426

N {306} in (302). No evidence of cut [307].
Cellar 4
{310] at base of wall
Cellar 3
0 5 10m
Plate 30
General - external ground level to west.IMG_1351

N A good proportion of the external ground
is covered with parts removed from the
building and building materials. Ground
level is a mixture of the above, vegetation,
stone/rubble and cement.
Rear yard
0 5 10m
Plate 31
General - external ground level to west.IMG_1352

N A good proportion of the external ground
is covered with parts removed from the
building and building materials. Ground
level is a mixture of the above, vegetation,
stone/rubble and cement.
Rear yard
0 5 10m
Plate 32
IMG_0015
External rear. Footing 1. <200> over (201)
N over (202) . Central wall [203] with cement
capping [204]. Finished depth
Rear yard
0 5 10m
Plate 33
N
IMG_0016
External rear. Footing 1.<200>over (201)
over (202) NE section
Rear yard
0 5 10m
Plate 34
External rear. Footing 1.NE section<200>IMG_0017

over 201 over (202) left. [204] 0ver [203]
N
centre
Rear yard
0 5 10m
Plate 35
A.P.A.C. Ltd Appendix Ia Ruby Tuesday WB/RTM/19
Contexts
Site: Ruby Tuesday Grid Ref: Site No: Alternate No: Cellar 1 northern area
Monmouth 350765, 212886 WB/RTM/19
CONTEXT AREA FEATURE DESCRIPTION FINDS
100 Cellar 1 Surface Partial linoleum strips (dance floor) central
101 Cellar 1 Surface Quarry tiles diamond pattern, alternating 4 6” red 9 4” black
102 Cellar 1 Surface Cement floor 180mm thick
103 Cellar 1 Deposit Hardcore, Light brown sandy soil with small building rubble/brick
104 Cellar 1 Surface Second concrete sub surface with moulded grove, Depth at 80mm
105 Cellar 1 Deposit Lenses of dark brown sandy soil with a high % of coal dust {1}
106 Cellar 1 Structure Foundation lime cement for north east wall
107 Cellar 1 Cut Cut for [106]
108 Cellar 1 Deposit Fill for (106) {2}
109 Cellar 1 Structure Brick floor SE corner over {104} under {102}
110 Cellar 1 Surface Concrete floor with metal bar reinforcement under {102}, NW of
{111}
111 Cellar 1 Structure Masonry wall NE/SW at 170mm under (103) 12° off rt angle
112 Cellar 1 Deposit Coal lens E of {111} similar to (105)
113 Cellar 1 Structure Single course of edge on brick, 2° misalignment to N wall {119}
114 Cellar 1 Surface Compacted red sandy/clay NW of {113}
115 Cellar 1 Surface Red quarry tile NW of {113} over <117> over light concrete as
<102>
116 Cellar 1 Surface Very hard, thin dark grey band of material under <115> over
<117> over [114] and [113]
117 Cellar 1 Surface Extremely hard dark grey cement.
118 Cellar 1 Structure SE stud partition wall. Recent
119 Cellar 1 Structure N wall of cellar, 3 integrated internal brick pillars. Over [106]
120 Cellar 1 Structure W wall with fireplace {131}, misaligned, over [101]
121 Cellar 1 Structure S of centre, two freestanding support pillars
122 Cellar 1 Structure S wall brick.
123 Cellar 1 Structure S wall partial, blocked entrance?
124 Cellar 1 Structure Post hole at corner of [104]
125 Cellar 1 Deposit late 20th century type plastic damp proof membrane under [106]
126 Cellar 1 Surface Single flagstone
127 Cellar 1 Deposit Very soft bedding with voids under [104]
128 Cellar 1 Structure Salt glaze pipe
129 Cellar 1 Deposit Fill for [128]
130 Cellar 1 Cut Cut for [129 into [110] below [102][117]
131 Cellar 1 Structure Fireplace and chimney breast on west wall {120}
132 Cellar 1 Cut New recessed south wall and two edge walls
A.P.A.C. Ltd Appendix Ia Ruby Tuesday WB/RTM/19
Contexts
A.P.A.C. Ltd Appendix Ib Ruby Tuesday WB/RTM/19
Contexts
Site: Ruby Tuesday Grid Ref: Site No: Alternate No: External SE area
Monmouth 350765, 212886 WB/RTM/19
200 Rear plot T1 Surface Concrete 80mm
201 Rear plot T1 deposit Building debris in orange sandy clay 300mm
202 Rear plot T1 Surface Black sandy soil
203 Rear plot T1 Structure Two course brick wall
204 Rear plot T1 Structure Cement capping for brick wall [203
205 Rear plot T2 Structure Concrete deeper than required foundation
A.P.A.C. Ltd Appendix Ic Ruby Tuesday WB/RTM/19
Contexts
Site: Ruby Tuesday Grid Ref: Site No: Alternate No: South east cellars
Monmouth 350765, 212886 WB/RTM/19
300 Both cellars Surface Concrete 80
301 Both cellars Bedding Building debris in orange sandy clay 300mm
302 Both cellars Deposit Dark brown, compacted sandy clay
303 Both cellars Structure Masonry walls of cellars, mostly rendered in lime washed, lime
plaster with notable areas of brick fill.
304 South cellar Cut Cut for {303}, not well defined
305 South cellar Deposit Dark orange/brown sandy deposit with small grade building rubble
including brick
306 South cellar Feature Brick lined drainage feature, single on end brick on brick surface.
Lime mortared
307 South cellar Cut Cut for {306}, not well defined
308 South cellar Deposit Dark brown, soft sandy fill
309 South cellar Feature Vertical square hole (drain) filled with (308) north east corner
310 South cellar Feature Horizontal continuation through south wall {303}
Site name: Ruby Tuesday, Monmouth Appendix II A.P.A.C. Ltd
PRN:E006308
Digital Photographic Record Project No:.477.............Project code..WB/RTM/19......
IMG_1323 SE General - lower level of former shop floor Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1324 SE General - lower level of former shop floor Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL04
Lower level of former shop floor to the south east. Floor fitted with timber planks over earlier decorative tile, over
IMG_1325 V/E Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
concrete rubble.
IMG_1326 S General - lower level of former shop floor Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL06
IMG_1327 NW General - lower level of former shop floor. All brick work of lower building exposed. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL01
IMG_1328 E Lower level of former shop floor to the east. Floor fitted with timber planks over earlier decorative tile. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL07
IMG_1329 E Lower level of former shop floor to the east. Floor fitted with timber planks over earlier decorative tile. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
Lower level of former shop floor to the east. Floor fitted with timber planks over earlier decorative tile, over
IMG_1330 V/E Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
concrete.
IMG_1331 W Lower level of former shop floor to the north. Northern wall features exposed brick fireplace. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL02
IMG_1332 W Lower level of former shop floor to the north. Northern wall features exposed brick fireplace. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
Detail – former lower level shop floor. Northern wall features an exposed brick fireplace. Floor in front of the
IMG_1333 V/W Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
fireplace lined with pitched course of brick, possibly an earlier hearth.
IMG_1334 SW General - lower level of former shop floor Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
Lower level of shop floor into western side room and stairs to first floor. Timber planked floor of main room
IMG_1335 W Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
changes into tiled floor.
Lower level of shop floor into western side room and stairs to first floor. Timber planked floor of main room
IMG_1336 V/S Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL08
changes into tiled floor.
IMG_1337 S General - lower level of former shop floor Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL03
IMG_1338 SE General - lower level of former shop floor Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL05
IMG_1339 W General - lower level of former shop floor Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1340 E General - lower level of former shop floor Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1341 N Small room to west between former lower level shop and stairwell to ground floor, room and floor all tiled. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL21
IMG_1342 N Small room to west between former lower level shop and stairwell to ground floor, room and floor all tiled. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1343 SW Stairwell from lower level to ground floor. Shot taken too show approximate depth between floors. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1344 SW General - ground floor, floor concreted over with patches exposing diamond pattern tile flooring underneath. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1345 V/NW General - ground floor, floor concreted over with patches exposing diamond pattern tile flooring underneath. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1346 SW General - ground floor, floor concreted over with patches exposing diamond pattern tile flooring underneath. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1347 V/SW General - ground floor, floor concreted over with patches exposing diamond pattern tile flooring underneath. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1348 NE General - ground floor, entrance to cellar stairwell to far right. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1349 NE General - external ground level to west. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
General - external ground level to west. A good proportion of the external ground is covered with parts removed
IMG_1350 NE from the building and building materials. Ground level is a mixture of the above, vegetation, stone/rubble and Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
cement.
i
PRN:E006308
IMG_1351 NE from the building and building materials. Ground level is a mixture of the above, vegetation, stone/rubble and Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL31
cement.
IMG_1352 SE from the building and building materials. Ground level is a mixture of the above, vegetation, stone/rubble and Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL32
cement.
IMG_1353 S from the building and building materials. Ground level is a mixture of the above, vegetation, stone/rubble and Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
cement.
IMG_1354 S from the building and building materials. Ground level is a mixture of the above, vegetation, stone/rubble and Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
cement.
General – external ground level, northern boundary wall built of random coursed stone, with a section built
IMG_1355 SW Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
rounded
External ground level to west, near entrance to building. Ground is a composite of concrete, soil and pitched
IMG_1356 V/NE Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
brick.
IMG_1357 NE General - Stairwell into cellar from ground floor. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL27
IMG_1358 W/SW General – all walls in cellar feature batters or misalignment in some way. Floor has been concreted. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1359 NW General – all walls in cellar feature batters or misalignment in some way. Floor has been concreted. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1360 SW General - Door way from first cellar room into second. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1361 E General – all walls in second cellar feature batters or misalignment in some way. Floor has been concreted. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL24
General – all walls in cellar feature batters or misalignment in some way. Floor has been concreted. NB, blocked
IMG_1362 E Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
in doorway/window in southern wall
IMG_1363 NW General – all walls in second cellar feature batters or misalignment in some way. Floor has been concreted. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL25
Second cellar north eastern corner, hole in plaster exposes coursed stone construct of wall beneath, unlike that of
IMG_1364 N Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL23
lower level former shop, which is built in brick,
Second cellar north western corner, hole in plaster exposes coursed stone construct of wall beneath, unlike that of
IMG_1365 SW Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 PL22
lower level former shop, which is built in brick,
IMG_1366 V Cellar 2 – concrete floor, circle section has been cut in concrete. Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
IMG_1367 V Cellar 2 – concrete floor, circle section has been cut in concrete. Floor below concrete features clay/sand Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020 Pl26
IMG_1368 V Cellar 2 – concrete floor, circle section has been cut in concrete. Floor below concrete features clay/sand Adam Phillips 19/03/2020 Adam Phillips 26/03/2020
112210 S Cellar 1 breaking up the concrete floor, <102> the rubble conveyed up and out N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
112225 SW Cellar 1 breaking up the concrete floor, <102> the rubble conveyed up and out, small mini digger N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
Cellar 1: contexts <101> quarry tiles <102> concrete, bedding (103), bedding {116} dk grey concrete <104>
122339 V N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
concrete sub floor
124612 W Cellar 1: contexts <101> quarry tiles<102> concrete, bedding (103), (105), lenses of dk brown with coal N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020 PL20
N Phillips N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1369 N Cellar 1: <100> left over<101>. Partition wall between front of shop N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
Cellar 1: <100> left over<101> over<102> over (103), and part of <104> . SW brick wall {123} possible
IMG_1370 S N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
blocked opening
ii
PRN:E006308
IMG_1371 V Cellar 1: <100> left over<101> over <102> over (103), and part of <104> N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1372 V Cellar 1: <100> left over<101> over<102> over (103), and part of <104> N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1373 E Cellar 1: wall {118} to rear. <102> over{109} over <104> N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1374 E Cellar 1: wall {118} to rear. <102> over {109} over <104> N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1375 V Cellar 1: angled edge of <104> with possible post hole {124} at edge of groove N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1376 V Cellar 1: angled edge of<104> with possible post hole{124} at edge of groove N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1377 E Cellar 1: angled edge of <104> with possible post hole {124} at edge of groove N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020 PL10
IMG_1378 N Cellar 1: wall pillar {119} over {106} with (108),, cut [107] into (105), N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020 PL14
IMG_1379 N Cellar 1: wall pillar {119} over {106} with (108),, cut [107] into (105), (Flash) N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1380 V Cellar 1: wall pillar {119} over {106} with (108),, cut [107] into (105), (Flash) N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1381 W Cellar 1: Masonry {111} wall behind ranging rod. Cut [107] for {106} N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1382 N Cellar 1: Wall {119} cut [107] through masonry wall [111] under (103), N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1383 E Cellar 1 general view at the end of day 1 N Phillips 20/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
N Phillips N Phillips 27/03/2020
94142 V Cellar 1: Detail of masonry wall {111} over (112) (top), <110> (bottom) and 106} left, alignment to {119} 78° N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
94203 W Cellar 1: Wall {119} cut [107] through masonry wall {111} under (103), N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
Cellar 1: Detail of masonry wall {111} over (112) (top), [110] (bottom) and {106} left, alignment to {119} c
100648 V N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
12° off rt angle
110310 W Cellar 1: Wall {119} right. Masonry wall {111} bottom, brick structure {113} at ranging rods N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
110320 V Cellar 1: Structure {113} with (103), left and (114) right, under <116>, <117>, <115> N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
120130 V Cellar 1: detail of <100> over <115> over <116>, over <117>, over(114) N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020 PL11
121009 V Cellar1: detail of {113} cut by [107] and filled by (108) over plastic membrane (125) N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
133619 W Cellar 1: structure {113} with (114) beyond and (103) before N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
133635 N Cellar 1:structure {113} with (114) beyond and (103) right N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
133649 SW Cellar 1: structure {113} with depth of <100> over <115> over <116> over (114) in background N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
140052 V Cellar 1: structure {113}. (114) left. <110> right over a single flagstone <126> N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1384 V Cellar1: detail of {113} cut by [107] and filled by (108) N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020 PL15
IMG_1385 W Cellar 1: Wall {119} cut [107] through masonry wall {111} under (103), N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
Cellar 1: Detail of masonry wall {111} over (112) (top), <110> (bottom) and {106} left, alignment to {119} c
IMG_1386 V N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
12° off rt angle
IMG_1387 N Cellar 1: Wall {119] cut [107] through masonry wall {111} under (103), N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1388 V Cellar 1: Structure {113} with (103), left and (114) right, under <116]>, <117>, <115> N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1389 W Cellar 1: Wall {119} right. Masonry wall {111} bottom brick structure {113} at ranging rods N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
iii
PRN:E006308
IMG_1390 W Cellar 1: Structure {113} with (103), left and (114) right, under <116>, <117>, <115> N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1391 V Cellar1: detail of {113} cut by [107] and filled by (108) over plastic membrane (125) N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020 PL16
IMG_1392 N Cellar1: detail of [{13} cut by [107] and filled by [108] over plastic membrane (125) N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1393 W Cellar 1: <101> over <102> left. {113} centre with (114) to rear and <110> foreground N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1394 N Cellar 1: <101> over<102> foreground. {113} centre with (114) to left and <110> right N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1395 N Cellar 1: {113] centre with (114) to left and <110> right and <126> under ranging rods N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
IMG_1396 V Cellar 1: (114) foreground, {113} centre with <126> beyond which is <110> N Phillips 23/03/2020 N Phillips 27/03/2020
102951 NW Cellar 1: recording {113}, <110> in foreground N Phillips 19/05/2020 N Phillips 19/05/2020 PL13
133946 SE Cellar 1: masonry wall {111}, with <110> right, {119} left N Phillips 19/05/2020 N Phillips 19/05/2020
134005 SE Cellar 1: N wall {119} left, {113} and <126> foreground. {111} centre, <110> right N Phillips 19/05/2020 N Phillips 19/05/2020
134213 V Cellar 1: finds from (105) test pit N Phillips 19/05/2020 N Phillips 19/05/2020
134245 V Cellar 1: small test pit 300mm east of {111} into (105) N Phillips 19/05/2020 N Phillips 19/05/2020 PL17
IMG_0107 NW Cellar 1: recording wall {113} N Phillips 19/05/2020 N Phillips 19/05/2020

IMG_0108 NW Cellar 1: recording wall {113} N Phillips 19/05/2020 N Phillips 19/05/2020
93436 SW Cellar 1 Extent of <104>. Groove continues under south wall {122} N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020 PL09
93445 W Cellar 1, General view of finished floor reduction N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020
102147 V Cellar 1,final view of {111} northern section. Linear sequence 1 N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020
102226 N Cellar 1, Extent of {111} just below required excavation depth in [110] N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020
103206 W Cellar 1, salt glaze pipe {128} in fill (129) cut [130] N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020 PL12
IMG_0002 SE Cellar 1. Southern offset.<102> with lower (103),in foreground. [121] left N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020
IMG_0003 NW Cellar 1. Southern offset. <102> with lower (103), to rear left. [121] right N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020
IMG_0004 SE Cellar 1. Southern wall {122} with <104> to remain and (103), bottom N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020
IMG_0005 V Cellar 1 Masonry wall {111} linear sequence 1 N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020
iv
PRN:E006308
IMG_0009 V Cellar 1 Masonry wall {111} linear sequence 5 (105) at southern end N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020 PL19
IMG_0010 NW Cellar 1 Masonry wall {111} full extent, (105) at southern end N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020 PL18
IMG_0011 W Cellar 1. General view at end of excavation work N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020
IMG_0012 W Cellar 1. view from doorway along {128} N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020
IMG_0013 NE Cellar 2. Concrete floor<102> N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020
IMG_0014 SE External rear. Footing 1. <200> over (201) over(202) N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020
External rear. Footing 1. <200> over (201) over (202) . Central wall [203] with cement capping [204].
SE Finished depth N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020 PL33
IMG_0015
IMG_0016 NE External rear. Footing 1.<200>over (201) over (202) NE section N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020 PL34
IMG_0017 SE External rear. Footing 1.NE section<200> over 201 over (202) left. [204] 0ver [203] centre N Phillips 29/05/2020 N Phillips 29/05/2020 PL35
Southern cellar 1, SE wall brick lined drain {306} in (302). No evidence of cut [307]. {310] at base of
SW wall N Phillips N Phillips PL30
IMG_0426 22/07/2020 22/07/2020
IMG_0427 E Southern cellar 1, SE wall brick lined drain {306} in (302). No evidence of cut [307], N Phillips 22/07/2020 N Phillips 22/07/2020 PL29
Southern cellar 1, SE wall brick lined drain {306} in (302). No evidence of cut [307], Note no alignment
V to SE Wall. Drain {309} to top right under blocked window. N Phillips N Phillips PL28
IMG_0428 22/07/2020 22/07/2020
IMG_0429 V Southern cellar 1, NE door into southern cellar 2, single context (302) N Phillips 22/07/2020 N Phillips 22/07/2020
v
A.P.A.C. Ltd Appendix III Ruby Tuesday, Monmouth. WB/RTM/19
Finds
Find Area Context Description Period Date

1 Cellar 1 (112) 3 clay pipe stems, one with twisted decoration 18th/19th
2 sherds Mochaware 19th
3 shards aqua green glass Codd’s bottles. One with embossed script
1 shard green glass base
1 sherd glazed earthenware pot.
1 sherd ceramic white glazed pot base 19th/20th
1 sherd ceramic handle, with white glaze and brown decoration
1 sherd white glazed ceramic doorknob
2 Cellar 1 (105) 1 shard frosted, aqua blue bottle neck. 19th
1 sherd pink lustre ware
1 shard white china with blue decoration
1 sherd ceramic handle, white glazed with blue decoration. 19th/20th
1 sherd olive green glazed tile
1 oyster shell
1 fragment of lime plaster
3 Trench 1 (202) 1 sherd white ceramic pot lid, glazed blue 19th/20th
1 sherd ceramic base, glazed white
A.P.A.C. Ltd Appendix III FINDS WB/RTM/19
IMG_0448
AS2 Cellar 1 (112) 3 clay pipe stems, one with twisted decoration 18th/19th
2 sherds Mochaware 19th
3 shards aqua green glass Codd’s bottles. One with embossed script
1 shard green glass base
1 sherd glazed earthenware pot.
1 sherd ceramic white glazed pot base 19th/20th
1 sherd ceramic handle, with white glaze and brown decoration
1 sherd white glazed ceramic doorknob
IMG_0449
AS2 Cellar 1 (105) 1 shard frosted, aqua blue bottle neck. 19th
1 sherd pink lustre ware
1 shard white china with blue decoration
1 sherd ceramic handle, white glazed with blue decoration. 19th/20th
1 sherd olive green glazed tile
1 oyster shell
1 fragment of lime plaster
IMG_0450
AS3 Trench 1 (202) 1 sherd white ceramic pot lid, glazed blue 19th/20th
1 sherd ceramic base, glazed white

Ruby Tuesday Monmouth. Archaeological Watching Brief. APAC. LTD

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Ruby Tuesday Monmouth. Archaeological Watching Brief. APAC. LTD

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DOCUMENT NO 477

PRN E006306 AUG 2020

ARCHAEOLOGICAL WATCHING BRIEF

Ruby Tuesday, Monmouth

Monmouthshire County Council

Planning Application No: DM/2014/00620 – DM/2019/00420

Archive Cover Sheet

Site Name: Rear of Ruby Tuesday, 22-23, Agincourt Square,

Site Code: WB/RTM/19

NGR: 350726, 212873

Site Type: Commercial

Project Type: Watching Brief

Project Officer: Dr N Phillips

Project Dates: March – July 2020

Categories Present: 19th/20th century

Location of Original Archive: APAC. Ltd

Location of duplicate Archives: RCAHMW

Report depositories GGAT HER, Gwent Archives, Scribd

Number of Finds Boxes: none

Location of Finds: Returned to owner

Copyright: APAC. Ltd

Restrictions to use none

Cover photograph: 133946. Ground reduction in cellar one

I Contexts: Ia, cellars 1 and 2, Ib, cellars 3 and 4, 1c, external.

Location of the Site

National Grid Coordinate is SO 350726, 212873

Topography and Geology

Brief archaeological and historical background

Aims and Objectives

An archaeological watching brief:

The definition of an archaeological watching brief is a formal programme of observation

structures/artefacts uncovered and interpretation of the results.

Scope of the Work

The intention was to contact the following towards this end:

Dr Neil Phillips, A.P.A.C. Ltd, will manage the project.

• Project Manager: Dr Neil Phillips MCIfA

Bibliography and References:

CADW ref: DM/2019/00418. Planning Application – Variation of condition no 3. Of planning permission

MM159 – Monmouth Castle

Code of Conduct 2014 rev 2019

1605.18 AL.0.1 Proposed Site & location plans

MON2097/JBHD. 29 April 2019. Re: Variation of Condition No.3 of Planning Permission

Historic England Management of Archaeological Projects. MoRPHE V1.2 (2015)

HSE. Health and Safety at Work Act, 1974.

HSE. Construction (Design and Management) Regulations. 2015

DM/2014/00620 – Variation condition 2, Ruby Tuesday 22-23 Agincourt Square Monmouth

DM/2019/00418 - Variation condition 2, Ruby Tuesday 22-23 Agincourt Square Monmouth

DM/2019/00420 – Variation of condition 2 (Change of approved plans) relating to application

A.S.A. 2019. Archaeology in Planning, Planning Advisory Note

Soulsby, I., 1983. The Towns of Medieval Wales. Phillimore.

The Welsh Archaeological

Technical Advice Note Tan.24, The Historic Environment 2017

A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/RTM/19

NGR: 360726 212873

Cadw historic parks

Cadw Listed Buildings

Cadw SAM sites

Fig 02: Heritage asset map A.P.A.C. Ltd. WB/RTM/19

adapted from: Clarke et al 2008.

A.P.A.C. Ltd WB/RTM/19

Fig 04: Medieval town ditch placements

Fig 05: 1522-1629 Speed map A.P.A.C. Ltd. WB/RTM/19

adapted from Coxe.