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Why High-Intensity Interval Training Is Best For Weight Loss
Why High-Intensity Interval Training Is Best For Weight Loss
Why High-Intensity Interval Training Is Best For Weight Loss
If you want to lose fat (and not muscle) fast without doing hours of
cardio every week, then you want to know more about high-
intensity interval training.
Most of us learned at a young age that promises of “more for less” are usually a sham.
All we have to do, we’re told by shady supplement companies, is pop their pills and
powders and we’ll be shredded in no time?
Well…no.
No amount of supplements can get you the body you want. In fact, most supplements
can’t even help you get the body you want–they’re just completely worthless.
All we have to do, we’re told by shady exercise “gurus,” is spend a couple hours per week
doing their workout routines and we’ll look like a Greek statue?
Well…no.
Getting into great shape may not be as complicated as many people think, but it requires
that you get a lot of “little” things right ranging from caloric intake to macronutrient
balance to progressive overload to training frequency and more.
Now, if you’ve already heard of high-intensity interval training (also known as HIIT), you’ve
probably heard a similar story: that it has near magical fat burning powers.
That you can do just a few minutes per day and watch fat melt off your body.
Well…no.
HIIT isn’t the alpha and omega of fat loss…but it can be a powerful weight loss tool
when you know how to use it properly.
By the end, you’re going to know how to get the absolute most fat-burning bang for your
sweaty buck.
High-intensity interval training, or HIIT for short, is a style of exercising where you
alternate between periods of (almost) all-out and low effort.
The high-intensity intervals push your body toward its metabolic limits (basically as hard
as you can go) and the low-intensity intervals allow it to recover (catching your breath).
You probably already knew that, though, and have several specific questions, such as…
How “intense” do the high-intensity intervals need to be? How hard should you push
yourself and how long should you go for?
How do the rest periods work, exactly?
How long should your HIIT workouts be?
How frequently should you do them?
Basically…how do you get the most out of individual HIIT workouts and out of your
regimen as a whole?
Use this workout and flexible dieting program to lose up to 10 pounds of fat and
build muscle in just 30 days…without starving yourself or living in the gym.
When you review scientific research on high-intensity interval training, you’ll see a lot of
talk about something called VO2 max.
Your body’s VO2 max is a measurement of the maximum volume of oxygen that it can use,
and it’s a major factor in determining your endurance level.
Studies show that you need to reach between 80 and 100% of your VO2max during
your high-intensity intervals to reap the majority of HIIT’s benefits.
That’s nice to know but not very practical because it’s hard to approximate your VO2 max
while exercising. There just aren’t reliable enough indicators to guess with any accuracy.
Fortunately, you can also work with a more useful metric: Vmax.
Simply stated, you’ve reached a Vmax level of exertion when you feel you can’t bring in as
much air as your body wants (if you can comfortably hold a conversation, you’re not
there).
1. Your goal during your high-intensity periods is to reach and sustain your Vmax.
That is, you need to get moving fast and long enough to make your breathing labored, and
you need to hold that speed for a fair amount of time.
As you can imagine, this means hard work. Think sprinting, not jogging.
2. Your goal during your HIIT workouts is to repeatedly achieve and sustain this
Vmax level of exertion.
This might seem obvious, but it bears attention because the total amount of time you
spend at the Vmax level of exertion determines the overall effectiveness of the HIIT
workout.
That is, a “HIIT” workout that racks up maybe a minute of movement at Vmax level is
going to be far less effective than one that accumulates several minutes.
Fortunately, this is just a matter of programming your workouts properly and not being a
wuss when you do them.
We’ll talk about the workout programming soon and whenever you’re feeling wussy, here’s
a friendly kick in the ass.
So, that’s “HIIT 101.”
Let’s now take a closer look at why we should choose it over easier, less stressful forms of
cardio.
Most cardio machines have pretty graphs that recommend you keep your heart range in
middling “fat burning zone.”
If you do this, it’s claimed, you’ll maximize the amount of fat your body burns while you
exercise as opposed to sugars.
You do burn both fat and carbs when you exercise, and the proportions vary with the
intensity of exercise.
You see, research shows that as exercise intensity increases, so does the reliance upon
muscle glycogen for energy over fat stores.
That is, as exercise gets more intense, the proportion of energy coming from glyogen
stores becomes much larger than that coming from fat.
This is why a very low-intensity activity like walking taps mainly into fat stores, whereas
high-intensity sprints pull much more heavily from carbohydrate (glycogen) stores.
These are the main reasons why many people think low-intensity steady-state cardio is
best for losing weight.
Multiples studies such as those conducted by Laval University, East Tennessee State
University, Baylor College of Medicine, and the University of New South Wales show
otherwise, though.
Specifically, they show that that shorter, high-intensity cardio sessions result in
greater fat loss over time than longer, low-intensity sessions.
What gives?
Well, let’s start with the obvious: total calories burned while exercising.
High-intensity exercise can burn quite a bit more calories than low-intensity exercise, and
as fat loss is dictated by energy balance, the advantage here is clear.
Let’s say you jog several times per week and burn about 200 calories per session, with
about 100 coming from fat stores.
When combined with a proper calorie deficit, those workouts will help you get leaner
faster.
Better, though, would be high-intensity workouts of equal duration that burn, let’s say,
400 calories per session, with 150 coming from fat stores.
Diet notwithstanding, the workouts that burn the most energy are going to result in
the most fat loss.
Energy expenditure while exercising alone doesn’t fully explain how just better high-
intensity interval training is for losing fat, though.
A study conducted by The University of Western Ontario gives us insight into how much
more effective it really is.
Researchers had 10 men and 10 women train 3 times per week, with one group doing 4 to
6 30-second treadmill sprints (with 4 to 6 minutes of rest in between each), and the other
group doing 30 to 60 minutes of steady-state cardio (running on the treadmill at the
“magical fat loss zone” of 65% VO2 max).
The results?
After 6 weeks of training, the subjects doing the intervals had lost more fat.
Yes, doing 4 to 6 30-second sprints burns more fat than 60 minutes of incline
treadmill walking.
The exact mechanisms behind HIIT’s superiority aren’t fully understood yet, but scientists
have isolated quite a few of the factors:
The science is clear: if your goal is to burn as much fat in as little time as possible, then
HIIT is the way to go.
In most weightlifter’s minds, cardio and building muscle are pretty much antithetical.
For example, research has shown that combining both strength and endurance training
(concurrent training) can hinder your strength and muscle gains when compared to just
strength training alone.
Studies have also shown that the longer your cardio sessions are, the more they impair
strength and muscle growth.
That doesn’t mean that cardio directly impairs muscle growth, though. Because it doesn’t.
The right amount of cardio, however, can actually accelerate muscle growth for
reasons outlined here.
And when the goal is optimizing body composition (which requires progress in the
weight room), you need to keep your individual cardio sessions short and your total
weekly duration relatively low.
Only HIIT allows you to fulfill these criteria and burn significant amounts of fat.
So, chances are you’re ready for some HIIT in your life.
Well, there are five things you should consider when building a HIIT routine:
HIIT principles can be applied to any type of cardio but some forms are more practical
(and effective) than others.
1. Biking
2. Rowing
3. Sprinting
Biking and rowing are my favorites because sprinting is very hard on the legs and will
likely interfere with your squatting and deadlifting.
The reason I recommend these three forms over others is research shows that the type of
cardio you do has a significant effect on your ability to gain strength and size through
weightlifting.
This makes sense because one of the important parts of building strength is simply
training a movement pattern repetitively. (The more you do a movement, the better you
get at it.)
That said, if you can’t or don’t like to bike, row, or sprint, don’t be “afraid” of other forms
of cardio such as swimming, jump roping, calisthenics, boxing, and so forth. They’re not
going to whittle your muscle away.
The goal of HIIT is to go fast and hard, not slow and hard.
That means that if you’re using a machine like a bike or rower, you want enough
resistance to pedal or pull against but not so much that it becomes a resistance training
exercise.
That’s why the primary difference between high- and low-intensity intervals should
be your speed, not the amount of resistance used.
That is, you should increase and decrease resistance but not nearly as much as you
increase and decrease your speed.
Now, as you know, the key factor that determines the effectiveness of a HIIT workout is
the total minutes spent at a Vmax level of exertion.
If you spend too little time at this level, it’s a quasi-HIIT workout, and if you spend too
much, you’ll burn yourself out.
Well, you achieve maximum time at Vmax by, when sprinting, going for that level of
exertion as quickly as possible.
Don’t “build up to it.” Give each sprint everything you’ve got right out of the gate.
Tmax is simply the amount of time you can move at your Vmax speed before having to
stop.
For example, I can bike at Vmax for about 3 minutes before my heart feels like it’s going to
explode, so my Tmax is 3 minutes.
Therefore, my high-intensity intervals should be about 90 to 120 seconds long (and yeah,
that’s hard!)
For your intervals, you can either test your Vmax (all you need is a stopwatch) or if you’re
new to HIIT, start with 30-second high-intensity periods.
The more you do HIIT workouts, the more your Tmax is going to increase. This means the
duration of your high-intensity intervals will need to increase as well if you want to keep it
maximally effective.
As you can imagine, these workouts can get pretty damn intense for experienced athletes.
In three HIIT studies conducted with highly trained cyclists, high-intensity intervals were 5
minutes long (and improved their performance). In contrast, other research conducted
with endurance athletes found that 2- and 1-minute intervals weren’t enough to improve
performance.
There are two ways you can make your HIIT harder:
I generally recommend you first work on increasing the length of the high-intensity
intervals until they’re in the range of 50 to 60% of your Tmax. This makes sure you’re
doing true HIIT workouts.
I think it’s sensible to work rest periods down to a 1:1 ratio with the high-intensity
periods (90 seconds of high-intensity work followed by 90 seconds of rest, for example),
and then slowly raise the duration of both the high- and low-intensity intervals,
maintaining that 1:1 ratio.
For example, let’s say you start your HIIT training doing 30-second high-intensity intervals
followed by 60-second rest intervals (1:2 ratio).
As you continue, you get an idea of your Tmax and work your high-intensity intervals up to
the 50 to 60% range, which comes out to about 60 seconds. You work at this level,
maintaining the 1:2 high/low ratio (120-second rest intervals).
In time, you feel you can push harder and maintain the 60-second high-intensity intervals
but start reducing your rest times, starting with 90 seconds (1:1.5 ratio).
Eventually your body adapts to this and you’re able to work the rest periods down to 60
seconds (1:1 ratio), and when even this isn’t challenging enough anymore, you start
increasing both the high- and low-intensity intervals toward 90 seconds.
(And so on.)
You should also know that your rest periods should be active recovery, where you
keep moving, not a standstill.
Studies have shown that active, not passive, recovery is advantageous for reaching Vmax
during the high-intensity periods and eliciting the adaptive response to the exercise that
we’re after.
One of the great things about HIIT is you get a lot out of what feels like little. There’s just
no more efficient way to use cardio to drive fat loss and improve conditioning.
The big downside, however, is it can be quite stressful on the body, which means you
don’t want to overdo it.
There’s just no need to do longer HIIT workouts unless you’re focusing on improving
performance, not losing fat.
If you feel you need more HIIT to lose weight efficiently, your diet is probably screwy.
The total amount of HIIT you should do per week depends on your immediate goals and
what other types of exercise you’re doing.
If you’re looking to lose fat quickly, you don’t need to do more than 4 to 7 hours of
exercise per week, and ideally you’d do more resistance training than cardio.
For example, my training and diet programs for both men and women prescribe just 3 to 5
hours of weightlifting and 1 to 2 hours of HIIT cardio per week.
This is how you lose fat and not muscle and maintain a healthy metabolism.
I saved this for last because, quite frankly, it’s far less important than proper diet and
training.
You see, supplements don’t build great physiques–dedication to proper training and
nutrition does.
Most supplement companies produce cheap, junk products and try to dazzle you with
ridiculous marketing claims, high-profile (and very expensive) endorsements, pseudo-
scientific babble, fancy-sounding proprietary blends, and flashy packaging.
So, while workout supplements don’t play a vital role in building muscle and losing
fat, and many are a complete waste of money…the right ones can help.
The truth of the matter is there are safe, natural substances that have been scientifically
proven to deliver benefits such as increased strength, muscle endurance and growth, fat
loss, and more.
As a part of my work, it’s been my job to know what these substances are, and find
products with them that I can use myself and recommend to others.
Finding high-quality, effective, and fairly priced products has always been a struggle,
though.
That’s why I took matters into my own hands and decided to create my own supplements.
And not just another line of “me too” supplements–the exact formulations I myself have
always wanted and wished others would create.
I won’t go into a whole spiel here though. If you want to learn more about my supplement
line, check this out.
For the purpose of this article, let’s just quickly review the supplements that are
going to help you get the most out of your HIIT and fat loss efforts in general.
Caffeine
As weight loss boils down to energy consumed vs. energy expended, caffeine helps you
lose fat by increasing your body’s daily energy expenditure.
The bottom line is if you want to know what a pre-workout is supposed to feel like…if you
want to experience the type of energy rush and performance boost that only clinically
effective dosages of scientifically validated ingredients can deliver…then you want to try
PULSE.
With the weight loss market valued at a staggering $60.5 billion and more than one-third
of U.S. adults obese, it’s no surprise that there’s a glut of “fat burners” for sale these
days.
And for the same reasons it’s also no surprise that fat burners are some of the most
expensive supplements on the shelves and feature some of the loudest marketing claims,
often making big promises of “scientifically proven” rapid fat loss.
The reality is most “fat burners” are junk but there are a handful of natural, safe
substances that have been scientifically proven to accelerate fat loss. And that’s why I
created PHOENIX.
PHOENIX’s caffeine-free formulation is helps you burn fat faster in three different ways:
Synephrine. This increases both basal metabolic rate and lipolysis, inhibits the
activity of certain fat cell receptors that prevent fat mobilization, and increases the
thermic effect of food (the “energy cost” of metabolizing food).
Naringin. This stimulates the production of a hormone called adiponectin, which is
involved in the breakdown of fat cells, and that it activates a type of receptor in fat
cells that regulates fat mobilization (the PPARα receptor).
Through these mechanisms, naringin also works synergistically with synephrine and
hesperidin to further accelerate the basal metabolic rate.
Hesperidin. Like naringin, this also stimulates the production of adiponectin and
activates the PPARa receptor. It also improves blood flow and reduces the
inflammation of blood vessels.
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). This inhibits the activity of a different
enzyme also responsible for breaking down neurotransmitters that induce lipolysis.
It has also been shown to reduce abdominal fat in particular.
Forskolin. This increases blood plasma and intracellular levels of a molecule known
as cAMP. When cAMP is high, it signifies a lack of ATP (the most basic form of
cellular energy in the body) and thus initiates a process to make more ATP by
burning through energy reserves (body fat).
Research has show that supplementation with forskolin accelerates fat loss and increases
testosterone levels.
And more…
The bottom line is if you want to lose fat faster without pumping yourself full of stimulants
or other potentially harmful chemicals…then you want to try PHOENIX.
Yohimbine
Yohimbine is made from the Pausinystalia yohimbe plant, and it helps the body “tap into”
fat stores.
(Not a very technical explanation, I know–if you want to know exactly how it works, check
out this article of mine on how to lose stubborn fat.)
Yohimbine accelerates weight loss, but only works if you’re training in a fasted
state. Elevated insulin levels negate yohimbine’s effects.
I’ve cut both with and without fasted training and yohimbine and I can say with absolutely
certainty that with is noticeably faster. So much so that I think the biggest benefits of
fasted training are that it lets you use yohimbine and it makes the other supplements
discussed in this article more effective.
By itself, fasted training will make a slight difference in how quickly you lose fat. Combined
with these supplements, however, it’s quite dramatic.
In terms of dosages, research has shown that .2 mg/kg of body weight is sufficient
for fat loss purposes, and that ingesting it prior to exercise is particularly effective.
Some people get overly jittery from yohimbine, so I recommend you start with .1 mg/kg of
body weight to assess tolerance. If you feel fine, then increase to the clinically effective
dosage of .2 mg/kg.
Furthermore, yohimbine can raise blood pressure. If you have high blood pressure, I don’t
recommend you use it.
FORGE is a fat burner made specifically for use with fasted training and it contains
clinically effective dosages of…
Research shows that HMB is an extremely effective anti-catabolic agent, which means
it’s very good at preventing muscle breakdown. And this means you will recover faster
from your workouts and experience less muscle soreness.
Yohimbine. Research shows that yohimbine enables your body to reduce fat stores
faster, and it’s particularly useful as you get leaner and are battling with stubborn fat
holdouts.
Citicoline. CDP-choline (also known as citicoline) is a chemical that occurs naturally
in the brain that increases levels of another chemical called phosphatidylcholine,
which is vital for brain function.
Research shows that supplementation with CDP-choline improves attentional focus, and I
included this in FORGE because most people find fasted training more mentally draining
than fed training and CDP-choline can help counteract this.
The bottom line is FORGE helps you lose fat–and “stubborn” fat in particular–faster,
preserve muscle, and maintain training intensity and mental sharpness.
Before I sign off, I want to quickly show you how to put these strategies together to make
a powerful fat loss regimen. This is exactly what I do when I’m cutting, and it works like a
charm.
If you want optimal results, you’ll lift weights 5 times per week, and do HIIT cardio 3 – 4
times per week, for about 25 minutes per session.
Before Weightlifting:
I wake up, drink some water, and get ready to go to the gym to lift. It’s about a 15-minute
drive, so before leaving, I take the following:
2 servings of FORGE
1 serving of PHOENIX
1 scoop of PULSE
I then go lift for 45-60 minutes and my post-workout meal of about 40 grams of protein
and 100 grams of carbohydrate is the first of the day.
Lunch:
My lunch is light–a salad with chicken and balsamic vinegar for dressing. The reason for
this is I want my insulin levels to be at baseline by about 5:30 PM for my fasted cardio.
If I were to eat a larger lunch, like let’s say 40 grams of protein, 60 grams of carbohydrate,
and 20 grams of fat, my insulin levels would likely be elevated come 5:30.
2 servings of FORGE
1 serving of PHOENIX
1 scoop of PULSE
I then do 25 minutes of HIIT cardio on the recumbent bike and eat about 30 grams of
protein after.
If you combine the above routine with a proper weight loss diet, you will lose fat rapidly.
The Bottom Line on High-Intensity Interval Training
It’s significantly more time effective for losing fat than traditional “low-intensity
steady-state” cardio (LISS).
The bottom line is whether you want to lose fat or improve athletic performance or both,
you want to include HIIT in your workout routine.
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spending no more than 3 to 6 hours in the gym every week…doing workouts that
energize you, not wipe you out.
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dollars each year that you would’ve wasted on products that are nothing more than
bunk science and marketing hype.
And a whole lot more!
The bottom line is you CAN achieve that “Hollywood body" without having your life
revolve around it. No long hours in the gym, no starving yourself, and no grueling
cardio that turns your stomach.
My book will show you how. Get it today and let’s build a body you can be proud of.
I'm Mike and I'm the creator of Muscle for Life and
Legion Athletics, and I believe that EVERYONE can
achieve the body of their dreams.