CHAPTER 1

WORK, POWER,
AND ENERGY
PREPARED BY: RIZZA MAE V. FRANILLA
The concept of work is useful in
defining energy.
The concept of work is useful in
defining energy.
When is Work
Done?
Definition of Work
When you attempt to push a cart and nothing
happens, you are exerting a force but, by definition,
you do not work on the cart.
Specifically, the work done on an object
by an applied force is defined as the
product of the magnitude of the
displacement multiplied by the
component of the force parallel to the
displacement.
In equation,
𝑊 =𝐹×𝑑
= 𝑛𝑒𝑤𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
= 𝑛𝑒𝑤𝑡𝑜𝑛 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑟 𝑗𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒
Activity 1.
1. When do we say that work is
done on an object?
2. Put a check (✔) before the item if work is done on
an the following situations.
___a boy running across a playground
___a mother dancing with the baby in her arms
___a basket being lifted
___a person in an ascending elevator
___a stone whirled around a horizontal circle
___a big box dragged across the floor
Work Done at an Angle
In many situations, the force and the distance
moved are not in exactly the same direction.
Work is calculated by:
𝑊 = 𝐹𝑑
𝑊 = 𝐹𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑑
SAMPLE PROBLEM
How much work do you do by pushing a sack of
rice with a force of 100 N across a distance of
five meters?
Given:
F = 100 N
d=5m
𝑊 = 𝐹𝑑
𝑊 = 100 𝑁 × 5 𝑚
𝑊 = 500 𝑁𝑚 𝑜𝑟 500 𝐽
SAMPLE PROBLEM
How much work is done by a student who
lifts a 5-kg box to a vertical height of 1.5 m?
Given:
m = 5 kg
d = 1.5 m
𝐹 = 𝑚𝑔
2
𝐹 = 5 𝑘𝑔 (9.8 𝑚/𝑠 )
2
𝐹 = 49 𝑘𝑔 ⋅ 𝑚/𝑠 𝑜𝑟 49 𝑁
𝑊 = 𝐹𝑑
𝑊 = 49 𝑁 × 1.5 𝑚
𝑊 = 73.5 𝑁𝑚 𝑜𝑟 74 𝐽