b

1
 ‫ف‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬
‫هرس‬

‫‪2‬‬
 ‫إلى أمى وأبى‬
‫إلى أهلى وعشي برى‬
‫إلى أساتذبى‬
‫إلى زملابى وزميلابى‬
‫ي‬ ‫خ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ت‬‫ل‬ ‫حي‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫ش‬‫إل ال‬
‫ى وع ى رق ى لا رن‬
‫ل‬‫ع‬
‫إلى كل من متى خرفا‬
‫أهذي هذأ البحث إلمتوأضع زأجياً من إلموىل‬
‫ج‬ ‫ب‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ل‬‫ا‬
‫عر وجل أن ذ ول و اح‬
‫ح‬ ‫ت‬

‫‪3‬‬
4
5
–
6
 I  dQ
dt

t Q

I  Qt

I V R

R A L

ρ
R  L
A

7
 ρ
σ

V  I  L
A
 I 1 V
A  L
J  E

J
E

R, R , R

8
 I
R v, v , v

Vv v v
1 2 3

IR  IR  IR  IR
1 3

 R  R  R  R   Ri
1 2 3 i

9
 I I I I
1 2 3

v v  v  v
R R R R
1 2 3

 1 1  1  1  1
R R R R  i Ri
1 2

R R
R 1 2
R R
1 2

R R

 R  25  R
R R 1 2

R R
R R
1 2 6 R  R 6
1 2

25 1 2

11
 (25 R ) R 150
2 2

 R 2  25 R  150  0
2 2

 (R  10)(R 15)  0
2 2

R or Ω
R or Ω

R Ω , R Ω

A, B

VAC , VCD , VDB vol t

11
 I
n
r
R
nE
R nr

I  nE
R  nr

I  nnEr  E
r

12
 I n E
R

E
R r n r n

I E
R r /n

13
 I  ER

I n E r

n
m
r

14
 E

nr
nr m
R nr m
nE

nE nm E NE
I  
R  (nr / m) m R  n r m R  n r

N nm

mR n r

N mn , mR n r

15
 Q V
C
Q CV

C, C ,
V C

Q Q Q
V  
C C C
1 2 3
 
V  Q  1  1
 
1
C C
C 
 1 3
2
 V1  1  1  1  1

Q C C C C
1 2 3 i Ci

16
 C C
C 1 2
C C
1 2

Q C V C V C V
1 2 3

Q
 C C C
V 1 2 3

 C  C  C  C   Ci
1 2 3 i

17
L, L , L
V

V  L I   L I   L I
1 2 3

 V L L L
I 1 2 3

 LL  L  L
1 2 3

I I I I
1 2 3

 V  V  V  V
L L L L
1 2 3

 1 1  1  1  1
L L L L  L
1 2 3 i i
18
I  I  I  I  I 0
1 2 3 4 5

I I I I I
1 4 2 3 5

19
 IR

IR

 I R  I R  I R  I R  E  E 0
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 1 2

 I R I R I R I R E E
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 2 1

21
 BE

F ABEFA
– I– I–I

I– I

CDEBC

I–I – I

I– I

21
 I A , I A

I
I BE
I I–I – A

VBE x V

P EI I R W
P
P P
P x W

P x W

P W

x x x W P
Δ Y ‫تحويالت‬

Δ
Y
Δ Y

22
 , Δ R , R , R
a ,
b Y

b a
, a
R R
, , R
R  R  R 
12  23 31 
R R R
12 23 31

, b

R R

23
R  R  R 
12  23 31 
R R R  R R 
12 23 31 1 2

,
R  R  R 
R  R  23  31 12 
2 3 R R R
12 23 31

R  R  R 
R  R  31  12 23 
1 3 R R R
12 23 31

R R
R  12 31
1 R R R
12 23 31

R R
R  31 23
3 R R R
12 23 31
R
R R
R  23 12
2 R R R
12 23 31

Y Δ

, ,

24
 R R
R R R  1 2 R
12 1 2 3

R R
R R R  2 3 R
23 2 3 1
R R
R R R  1 3
31 1 3 R
2

Y Δ r, r, r

Δ Y

R rx r r r

R rx r r r

25
 R rx r r r

A, B

Δ , ,
Y

26
R x
R x
R x

27
,
,

Ω A, B

I VR Amp

28
E, F

Y Δ ABC

29
Δ Y , ,

31
Δ

31
 E, F
E, F R
R x Ω

32
 VC VR E
VC VR E

VR I R , VC Q C

C Q I

E I R Q C

dQ
R dI  1 0
dt C dt

dQ dt I

R dI   I
dt C

 dI  1 dt
I RC

33
 ln ( I )   t  K
RC

t=0 I = I0

ln I K

ln ( I )   t  ln ( I )
RC 0

 
 I 
 ln     t
I  RC
 0

t
 I I e RC
0

t
V I RI e RC
R 0

t
V E e RC
R

34
 VC E– I R

t
V EI R e RC
C 0



 t 
 V E 1 e RC 

C  
 

t
ER I

35
 RC

A n t
H ω

E μ HA n ω si n ωt
t E
μ HA n ω μ HA n ω E
μ HA n ω
E μ HA n ω
ω t θ
θ t ω
F τ

36
   2  2 F


E E si n ω t
si n
E

A
π
Phase and phase di f f erence

37
 E E si n ω t φ

A A si n ω t

B B si n ω t φ
A B
φ B A φ

38
 B
A

Root Mean Square val ue R M S

I I m si n ω t I m si n θ

 2 sin 2 (t )  I 2 sin 2 

I 2  Im m

39
 2
2 2
 I m sin  d
I2  0
2

I 2 2
 I 2  m  sin 2  d
2 0

 cos 2  1  2 sin 2   sin 2   1 1  cos 2 

2

I 2 2
 I 2  m  1 1  cos 2  d
2 0 2
 2
1/ 2
I
I   m 
2
 

I
 I r.m.s.  m  0.707 I m
2

E
Er.m.s.  m
2

I av

41
 I  I m sin


 I d
I 
 I av  0  m  sin d
  0

I 
I av  m ( cos  ) 0


I
 m  cos   cos 0


2I
 I av  m


41
E Em si n ωt

R
E sin  t
I m
R

 I  I m sin t

Im Em R

42
P EI
 P  Em I m sin 2  t

P  1 Em I m 1  cos 2 t 
2

 P  1 Em I m  1 Em I m cos 2 t
2 2

Em I m

43
 1 E I cos 2 t
2 m m
1 E I cos 2 t
2 m m

E I
P m m
2 2

 P  Er.m.s. I r.m.s.  I r2.m.s. R

44
  P  Erms I rms

I m  2 I rms  0.707 A

R P  240 
2
I rms

E  L dI
dt

45
  E  Em sin t

E
 dI  m sin  t dt
L

I  m  cos  t   m sin  t   / 2
E E
L L

π
Em
si n L

E
 Im  m
L

ωL

P  Em sint I m sin( t  / 2

P   Em I m sin ( t ) cos( t )

P   1 Em I m sin (2 t )
2

1
E I
2 m m

46
C

47
q CE

 E  Em sin t

 q  C Em sin t

dq
 I
dt

 I  d C Em sin  t 
dt

Em
 I   C Em cos t  cos  t
1
C
 I  I m sin ( t   / 2 )

Em
Im 
1
C
48
 1
C
π o

P  Em sin t I m sin( t  / 2)

 P  Em I m sin  t cos t

P  1 Em I m sin 2 t
2

1
E I
2 m m

49
L R

I I m si n ω t

V VR VL

 V RI  L d I
dt

 V  R I m sin t   L cos t

V  A sin ( t   )

51
 θ A
θ A

V  A sin t cos  A cos t sin

R I m  A sin ,  L I m  A cos 

   tan 1 ( R ) tan  R
L L

cos   L
R 2  ( L) 2

51
 A  I m R 2  ( L) 2

θ A

V  Im R 2  ( L) 2 sin  t  tan 1( L / R) 

 

θ
R 2   L2

I I m si n ω t

V VR VC

 V  I R  1  I dt
C

52
 V  R I m sin  t  1 cos t
C

V  A sin ( t   )

V  A sin t cos   A cos t sin 

Im
R I m  A cos  ,  A sin 
C

53
 cos  R
R2  1
( C ) 2

A  Im R2  1
( C ) 2

θ A

  1 
   C 
V  Im R2  1 sin  t  tan 1 
( C ) 2   R  
  
  

θ
R2  1
( C ) 2

R ωC
R ωC

L R
C

54
 I I m si n ω t

V VR VL VC

 V  I R  R I m sin  t
R
V  L d I   L cos  t
L dt

V  1  I dt  1 I m ( cos t )
C C C

 
 V  R I m sin  t   L  1  I m cos t
 C

V  A sin ( t   )

55
 V  A sin t cos  A cos t sin

A cos   R I m , A sin  I m ( L  1/  C)

 ( L  1/  C )   tan  ( L 1/  C )
   tan 1  
 R  R

R 2  ( L  1/  c) 2

56
 cos  R
R 2  ( L  1/  c) 2

A Im R 2  ( L  1/  c) 2
θ A

V  R 2  ( L  1/  C ) 2 I m sin  t  tan 1  L  1/ C 

  
  R 

R 2  ( L  1/  c) 2
ωL ωC

ω L ωC

ωL ωC

 1
θ LC

diode

57
n p t ype
t ype
Di ode
semi conduct or
n t ype p t ype

f orward bi ased

reverse bi ased

, Si

58
AC
DC

rect i f i cat i on

Bl ock

59
Bri dge

61
61
 Swi t ch Ampl i f i er

Bi pol arJ unct i on Transi st or

hol es BJ T

Hol es

Current Cont rol l ed

Uni pol arJ unct i on Transi st or
Fi el d Ef f ect Transi st or FET
gat e

Bi pol ar J unct i onTransi st or

Base
Col l ect or
Emi t t er
P
NPN n
62
 p n

oo

BJ T
NPN

n PNP
p

BJ T

63
NPN Emt t er Base

barri er vol t age

64
 barri er

base Col l ect or

IE Ib
Ic

IE Ib Ic

Ic B Ib
hf e B

65
 Common Emi t t er
VBE VBB
RB
Ic B Ib

VBB Vcc

BJ T

66
VC

IB
IC
IE
RB
RL
VS
VC
VL

Vc

67
 Vs
RL

Vs

ON T R T
Ic

V OFF T

68
 NPN
NPN PNP

bi pol ar , uni pol ar

NPN , PNP

69
Col l ect or
Emi t t er
Base

71
h e

NPN
,

71
NPN
NPN

PNP

BC BC BCX

72
 ,

73
74
 bi pol ar

uni pol ar
FET

TTL
DI GI TAL

Transi st ors FET

operat i on&st ruct ure •

– – •

DC AC Load Li ne •

Bi asi ng Ci rcui t s •

75
 •

FET

B
E émet t eur C col l ect eur , base ,

BC

76
 C&E
fig
C et E,
fig
IC B et E IB
ß ß IB

77
 MOSFET
Met al Oxi deSemi conduct orFi el dEf f ect Transi st or

78
 N

P
Hol es

N P
P N

Depl et i on Area

79
 Barri erVol t age

N P

81
P N

81
 MOSFET

N Subst rat e
P

P N
Source Drai n
SI O

Gat e

N P Cahnnel
Channel

MOS

82
 MOSFET

Gat e

83
P

84
 CMOS MOSFET

Compl ement ary Met al Oxi de CMOS

Semi conduct or Fi el d Ef f ect Transi st or
N Channel , P Channel

P LOW
P MOS FET

N Hi gh
N MOS FET

PMOS N MOS CMOS

85
 BJ T MOSFET

STR

MosFet

86
87
 Mi crocont rol l er

C or Assembl y or Basi c

Programmer

… processor
Mi crochi p
PI C F PI C F Mi crochi p
PI C F A PI C F

Mi crocont rol l er

Mi croprocessor
Osci l l at or
RAM
ROM
Count ers
Ti mers
ADC

88
 Mi croprocessor

Osci l l at or
pul ses
mi croprocessor

RAM
dat a
Vari abl es

ROM
dat a

ADC
Di gi t al Anal og

PI C f A

89
 PI C f a
pi ns
Dat asheet
RA
RA
pi ns pi n PI C f a
Pi ns vol t
i nput s
processor
pi ns
pi ns
PORT A out put &i nput
pi ns PORT A PORT B
RB , RB , pi ns PORT B RA , RA , RA , RA , RA
RB , RB , RB , RB , RB , RB , RB

91
 IC
VDD pi n
pi n no

st ep down t ransf ormer f our di odes t o rect i f i er

Reset
MCLR pi n
rest art

MCLR push but t on

91
 Osci l l at or
processor
Osci l l at or
pi n no , OSC , OSC cryst al MH

Transi st or Transi st or Logi c TTL

pi n

pul l up resi st or, Noi se

pul l down resi st or
Pul l resi st or
pul l up down pi n
resi st or

92
 Reset MCLR
Pi n push but t on
reset pi n
pi n
pi n
noi se

conf i gurat i on regi st er regi st ers

Tri s, Port , regi st er

ADCON , I NTCON, … et c

TRI S
pi ns di rect i ons regi st er TRI S
i nput pi ns
Pi ns out put
out put i nput s
l ed
out put l ed pi n

93
or pi n number port name regi st er name ;
port TRI S regi st er TRI SB b
l ed TRI SB port B l ed
port B pi n
out put B port Pi n
port A pi n
i nput
;TRI SA b di rect i on
swi t ch port TRI S regi st er
pi n swi t ch TRI SA port A
Pi n port A
i nput A port
out put pi n di rect i ons
i nput

Mi kro C Prot eus C

I nt roduct i on To Mi crocont rol l er

I nt roduct i on To Mi crocont rol l er

94
Mi kroC V
C

mikro C

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96
97
C

98
 Preprocessor dat a
t ext repl acement
compi l at i on
#def i ne on
#def i ne of f
#def i ne l ed t ri sb b

on compi l er
ex Led on
Led

Vari abl e decl arat i on

99
ex i nt x ; decl are a vari abl e x As I nt eger and assi gn
t o i t s val ue

ex f l oat z ; decl are a vari abl e z As f l oat and assi gn

t o i t s val ue

ex char y ‘A’ decl are a vari abl e y As Charact er and assi gn A

t o i t s val ue

ex char name SC CSED decl are a Array name As Array of

charact ers l i ke st ri ng and assi gn SC CSED t o i t s val ue

not e
a every l i ne i n t he C code must be cl osed by ;
b i n t he C l anguage t here i s no t ype t o st ore st ri ng di rect l y
so we use array of charact er t o st ore st ri ngs

User def i ned f unct i ons

f unct i on
f unct i on
prot ot ype
mai n
ret urn t ype f unct i on name vari abl es t hat t he f unct i on
recei ve ;

ex
i nt Add i nt x, i nt y ;
i mpl ement at i on
f unct i on
ret urn t ype f unct i on name vari abl es t hat t he f unct i on
recei ve

111
 ex

i nt Add i nt x, i nt y

i nt z ;
z x y;
ret urn z ;

; i mpl ement at i on prot ot ype

cal l i ng
f unct i on
Vari abl e name f unct i on name t he vari abl e t hat i want t o
send t o t he i mpl ement at i on
ex

i nt Add i nt x, i nt y ; prot ot ype, f unct i on name i s Add ,

recei ve t wo vari abl e, and ret urn i nt eger vari abl e

voi d mai n

i nt num, num , resul t ;

num ;
num ;
resul t Add num, num ; cal l i ng t he f unct i on, and send t he t wo
vari abl es t hat i want t o add

i nt Add i nt x, i nt y i mpl ement at i on of t he f unct i on

111
 i nt z ; def i ne a vari abl e z As i nt eger
z x y;
ret urn z ; ret urn t he val ue of z and put i t i n resul t vari abl e

Voi d mai n
f unct i ons
preprocessor dat a
conf i gurat i on

a Condi t i onal st at ement

if condi t i on

wri t e t he code t hat you desi re t o execut e i f t he condi t i on i s

t rue

el se i f condi t i on

wri t e t he code t hat you desi re t o execut e i f t he condi t i on i s

t rue

el se

wri t e t he code t hat you desi re t o execut e i f t he condi t i on i s

f al se

t o And bet ween t he condi t i on and , , wri t e

if condi t i on &&condi t i on

112
 wri t e t he code t hat you desi re t o execut e i f t he condi t i on and
condi t i on i s t rue

if condi t i on condi t i on

wri t e t he code t hat you desi re t o execut e i f t he condi t i on or

condi t i on i s t rue

b l oops
I need t o l oop when i want t o repeat some of code f or n t i mes

For Loop

For i ni t i al val ue ; condi t i on ; st ep

wri t e t he code t hat you want t o repeat

ex t o pri nt numbers f orm t o

voi d mai n
i nt i ; def i ne vari abl e i As i nt eger

For i ; i ; i l oop f romi t o i l ess t han ; every

t i me i ncrement t he val ue of i

pri nt t he val ue of i i t wi l l be ……

113
 c Swi t ch case
swi t ch vari abl e

case
wri t e t hat code you want t o execut e i f t he vari abl e mat chi ng
wi t h t he f i rst case
break ;

case
wri t e t hat code you want t o execut e i f t he vari abl e mat chi ng
wi t h t he f i rst case
break ;

def aul t
wri t e t hat code you want t o execut e i f t he vari abl e doesn’t
mat ch wi t h any of t he cases
break ;

114
 I nt roduct i on To Mi crocont rol l er

I nt roduct i on To Mi crocont rol l er

si mul at i on
Prot eus

Prot eus

115
 mi crocont rol l er

I SI S Prot eus Prof essi onal Al l Programs St art Menu

Prof essi onal

116
Led, But t on, Bat t ery,
Vol t met er, Resi st or, Ammet er

117
118
119
111
111
prot eus

112
113
 Arduino

Arduino 1
Arduino
Desktop
Micro- Platform
Controller
IDE

Arduino
Sensors Switches

LED Motors

Arduino

Arduino 2
Micro-
Basic Stamp Parallax Controllers
114
 Raspberry Pi Netmedia’s BX-24 Phidgets
Software
Arduino

Arduino

Arduino
05 Arduino
Datasheet Self-Assembly
Arduino
,windows
Linux Mac OS

Programming
Environment
C Open Source Software

Arduino Open Source Hardware

ATMEGA168 ATMEGA8
Creative Commons
Electronic Circuits

Raspberry Pi Arduino 3
Raspberry Pi
Raspberry Pi Arduino

115
 Arduino
USB Cable
Raspberry Pi
SD card USB Cable
HDMI
WiFi Dongle Ethernet Cable

Raspberry Pi
WiFi Ethernet
Arduino USB Dongle
Ethernet shield
WiFi Arduino
GSM Arduino

Processor
Arduino
Raspberry Pi Mhz61 ATMEG168
Arduino Due Mhz077 BCM2835
Mhz48 SAM3X8E Raspberry Pi
Raspberry Pi

Arduino IDE
Arduino
SSH ,Raspberry Pi
Python

116
 Raspberry Pi Arduino

8
Arduino Hardware Schema

Creative commons
Arduino
GPL
5
,
Arduino
Twitter Facebook
Arduino

Arduino 6

Arduino Environment
Arduino

Starter-kit 0

117
Arduino Integrated Development Environment 4

Arduino Compiler
Arduino 9
118
Arduino Matlab C Java
Python Environment

17
57 4 Arduino

Arduino Datasheet

Arduino
Arduino 11
Arduino Boards 87

Arduino Uno

Shields Extensions
Arduino Nano

119
Arduino Uno Arduino Uno

Arduino Lilypad

Arduino Mega 2560

121
 Arduino
Arduino Input/Output

Arduino Shields 12
Arduino
WiFi Arduino I/O
Arduino Shields
Arduino Shields
Arduino Arduino Shields

Extensions 13
LED Motors LCD
Resistance

Arduino 18

Arduino 15

Arduino

Arduino 16

121
 Creative commons Arduino

Arduino
Flutter
WiFi Arduino
Kickstarter
Pixy TinyDuino

Linux Arduino IDE 10

Arduino
Arduino Ubuntu 12.04

Ubuntu Packages
IDEs 14

Arduino Compile
AVRStudio Makefiles
Arduino Library
Arduino Library 19
Codes
Arduino
Hardware

Arduino 27

122
 LabVIEW

LabVIEW

VirtualInstruments 1

Front Panel 2

Block Diagram 3

Tools Palette 8

Controls Palette 5

Function Palette 6

Virtual Instruments
VirtualInstruments (VIs LabVIEW

vi

VIs

123
The Icon and The Block Diagram The Front Panel
Connectors Pane

The Front Panel 1

Indicators Controls The Front Panel

124
 Controls

dials push buttons knobs VI

125
 Indicators

leds graphs VI

126
Block Controls
Block Diagram Diagram
Indicators

The Block Diagram 2

127
 Front Panel Indicator Control
The Block Diagram terminal

Control BlockDiagram terminal 1

Front Panel Indicator

terminal Front Panel Indicator Control

Indicator Control terminal

128
 SubVIs terminals The Block Diagram
Wires Structures Functions

The Icon and Connector Pan 3

Icon VI

Icon

129
VI VI VI Icon
SubVI

Connectors Pane

131
SubVI
BlockDiagram

SubVI

VI LabVIEW
VI SubVI

VI SubVI

131
 Front Panel

VI

LabVIEW
Block Diagram

132
 BlockDiagram

Highlight

Step Into
loops subVI

Step Over
Loop SubVI

SubVI loop Step Out

Tools Palette

Show Tools Palette Window

133
 ToolsPalette

LabVIEW
VI

Controls Operating Tool

Objects Positional Tool

Labeling Tool

BlockDiagram Wiring Tool

134
 Object Shortcut Menu

ScrollingTool

Breakpoint

Probe Probe Tool

Color Copy Tool

Coloring Tool

Coloring Tool

Controls palette

Front Panel

ShowControls palette Window

135
136
 ALLCONTROLS

Front Panel

137
 AllControls

Functions Palette

Block Diagram

ShowFunctions palette Window

138
FunctionsPalette

139
Block
Diagram

AllFunctions

141
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
 VI

VI

Tools Pallette

Tools Palette
Show Tools Palette Window

LabVIEW Automatic

Tools Manual
Palette

Automatic Manual Automatic

Tools Palette ToolSelection

148
 VI

The Icon and Connector The BlockDiagram The Front Panel

Pane

The FrontPanel

Indicators Controls TheFront Panel

Front Panel Indicators Controls Controls

Indicators Controls

1 Numeric Controls And Indicators

Numeric Control 

149
Label Numeric Control

Numeric Control

NumericIndicator 

Label Numeric Indicator

151
 Numeric Indicator
Block Diagram

Numeric Control

Operating Tool 

Labeling Tool Control 

Operating Tool
ENTER
Control ToolBar

151
 Boolean Controls and Indicators 2

False True
LEDs Push Buttons Switches

Round LEDs Vertical Toggle Switch

Controls Indicators
Control Indicator

152
 The Block Diagram

The Block Diagram

Wires Terminals Nodes

153
 Nodes

BlockDiagram Object

Structures SubVI Nodes

LaBVIEW

Functions Palette

154
SubVI

155
 VI Block Diagram VI
Subroutine

Structures

Terminals

NodeTerminals Indicatoror Control Terminal

Indicator or Control Terminal

Front Panel Indicator Control

The Block Diagram Terminal

Indicator Control Data Type Terminal

156
 Data Type

Data Type

Node Terminals

Connector Pane Node

Node

Node Terminals

157
 Node Connector pane

Node

Terminals Visible items

Wires

Object The Block Diagram

158
 Wire
SubVI

Data Type

159
 Dataflow Programming

Dataflow LabVIEW

Node
Node Node

Control Flow

57

161
 Y X

57
Z

161
162
1672

163
 ,

, 3
, ,
, 16 LCD1602
Hitachi HD44780 driver
Data bus 8 bit

164
 ...

RS
,

, R/W

enable pin

data pin (D0-D7)

,
.

LCD RS ……..D12

LCD Enable …….D11

LCD D4 ……D5

LCD D5……D4

165
 LCD D6……D3

LCD D7……D2

16 15
.

166
 .

,
LiquidCrystal

: ,

167
 void setup

Hello world

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins

LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);

void setup() {

// set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:

lcd.begin(16, 2);

// Print a message to the LCD.

lcd.print("hello, world!");

void loop(){}

A0 ,
.

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
int t=300;
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
int y =1;

168
void setup()
{
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.cursor();
lcd.autoscroll();
}
char Phone[]={"0786739233"};

char Name[]={"Mohannad Rawashdeh "};

char Email[]={"Genotronex@Gmail.com "};
void timing_delay(){
int A=analogRead(A0);
delay(5);
t=map(A,0,1023,30,1000);
t= constrain(A, 30, 1000);
}

void loop(){
timing_delay();
lcd.setCursor(15, 0);
for (int i=0;i<20;i++){
lcd.print(Name[i]);
timing_delay();
delay(t);
}
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(15, 0);
for (int i=0;i<21;i++){
lcd.print(Email[i]);
timing_delay();
delay(t);
}
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(15, 0);
for (int i=0;i<11;i++){
lcd.print(Phone[i]);
timing_delay();
delay(t);
}
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
}

169
171
53 543

, ,

171
172
#include "Ultrasonic"

Ultrasonic ultrasonic (12, 13);

Voidsetup () {

Serial. Begin (9600);

}
Voidloop ()

{
Serial.print(ultrasonic.Ranging(CM));

Serial.println("cm");

delay(100);
}

173
Ul t rasoni c ul t rasoni c Tri gger pi n, Echo pi n ;

ul t rasoni c Rangi ng CM ;

174
Shaf t Gear
,

175
,
Pul ses

176
Servo Li brary
,
,

Power suppl y, bat t ery

177
Vcc

Gnd
Dat a

178
#include <Servo.h>
Servo myservo; // create servo object to control a servo
int pos = 0; // variable to store the servo position
void setup()
{
myservo.attach(9); // attaches the servo on pin 9 to the servo object
}
void loop()
{
for(pos = 0; pos <= 180; pos += 1) // goes from 0 degrees to 180 degrees
{ // in steps of 1 degree
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable 'pos'
delay(15); // waits 15ms for the servo to reach the position
}
for(pos = 180; pos>=0; pos-=1) // goes from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
{
myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in variable 'pos'
delay(15); // waits 15ms for the servo to reach the position
}
}

Anal oge A A
PWM
D,D,D,D,D,D
UNO ATMEGA

#include<lib.h>

#include <Servo.h>

Servo Name;

179
 Name
, pi n

Name.attach(Pin Number);

Name
Pin number
,

Name.write(val)

Name
– val

Anal oge A A
D,D,D,D,D,D PWM
UNO ATMEGA

181
 L Shield

Shields
,
Adaf rui t Mot or L Adaf rui t
Dri ver L Shi el d
Servo DC Shi el d
St epper

181
 DC
DC
Shi el d
L
KHz

182
183
 ,

M,M ,M ,M
, ,
,

,
,
J umper ,

184
EXT ,
Power

185
,

186
#include <AFMotor.h>

AF_DCMotor Rightmotor(1);
AF_DCMotor Leftmotor(2);
uint8_t i;

v oid setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); // set up Serial library at 9600 bps
Serial.println("Motor test!");

// turn on motor
Rightmotor.setSpeed(255);
Leftmotor.setSpeed(255);

Rightmotor.run(RELEASE);
Leftmotor.run(RELEASE);
}

v oid loop() {

Rightmotor.run(FORWARD);
Leftmotor.run(FORWARD);
for (i=0; i<255; i++) {
Rightmotor.setSpeed(i);
Leftmotor.setSpeed(i);
delay (10);
}

for (i=255; i!=0; i--) {

Rightmotor.setSpeed(i);
Leftmotor.setSpeed(i);
delay (10);
}

Rightmotor.run(BACKWARD);
Leftmotor.run(BACKWARD);
for (i=0; i<255; i++) {
Rightmotor.setSpeed(i);
Leftmotor.setSpeed(i);
delay (10);
}

for (i=255; i!=0; i--) {

Rightmotor.setSpeed(i);
Leftmotor.setSpeed(i);
delay (10);
}

Rightmotor.run(RELEASE);
Leftmotor.run(RELEASE);
delay (1000);
}

187
 #include <AFMotor.h>

AF_DCMotor motor(motor #)

KHz

motor.setSpeed(255);

motor.run();

RELEASE
188
 FORWARD
BACKWARD

189
Motor driver L

,
,

191
L Modul e

191
,

OUT OUT OUT ,

OUT , OUT , OUT

LOW , ENA, ENB

HI GH ,
Pi ns IN IN
v j umper ,

192
OUT IN IN IN
IN , OUT IN
OUT
OUT

,
, , , , , PWM
,

193
const int IN1=3;
const int IN2=5;
const int IN3=6;
const int IN4=9;
void setup() {
// fIRST , define the Motor's pin as an OUTPUT
pinMode( IN1 ,OUTPUT);
pinMode( IN2 ,OUTPUT);
pinMode( IN3 ,OUTPUT);
pinMode( IN4 ,OUTPUT);

}
void ClockWise(){
//When we want to let Motor To Rotate clock wise
// just void this part on the loop section .
digitalWrite(IN1,LOW);
digitalWrite(IN2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(IN3,HIGH);
digitalWrite(IN4,LOW);
}
void CounterClockWise(){
//When we want to let Motor To Rotate Counter clock wise
// just void this part on the loop section .
digitalWrite(IN1,HIGH);
digitalWrite(IN2,LOW);
digitalWrite(IN3,LOW);
digitalWrite(IN4,HIGH);
}
void Stop(){
//When we want to let Motor To Rotate clock wise
// just void this part on the loop section .

194
 digitalWrite(IN1,LOW);
digitalWrite(IN2,LOW);
digitalWrite(IN3,LOW);
digitalWrite(IN4,LOW);
}

void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
ClockWise();delay(2000);
Stop();delay(500);
CounterClockWise();delay(2000);
Stop();delay(500);
}

const int IN1 =3;

const int IN2=5;
const int IN3=6;
const int IN4=9;
v oid setup() {
// fIRST , define the Motor's pin as an OUTPUT
pinMode( IN1 ,OUTPUT);
pinMode( IN2 ,OUTPUT);
pinMode( IN3 ,OUTPUT);
pinMode( IN4 ,OUTPUT);

}
v oid ClockWise(int Speed){
//When we want to let Motor To Rotate clock wise
// just v oid this part on the loop section .

analogWrite(IN1,0);
analogWrite(IN2,Speed);
analogWrite(IN3,Speed);
analogWrite(IN4,0);
}
v oid CounterClockWise(int Speed){
//When we want to let Motor To Rotate Counter clock wise
// just v oid this part on the loop section .
analogWrite(IN1,Speed);
analogWrite(IN2,0);
analogWrite(IN3,0);
analogWrite(IN4,Speed);
}
v oid Stop(){
//When we want to let Motor To Rotate clock wise
// just v oid this part on the loop section .
analogWrite(IN1,0);
analogWrite(IN2,0);
analogWrite(IN3,0);
analogWrite(IN4,0);
}

v oid loop() {
//Rise Up
for(int i=0;i<255;i++){

195
 ClockWise(i);
delay (10);
}
for(int i=255;i>0;i--){
ClockWise(i);
delay (10);
}

for(int i=0;i<255;i++){
CounterClockWise(i);
delay (10);
}
for(int i=255;i>0;i--){
CounterClockWise(i);
delay (10);
}
}

196
PI R Sensor

197
 Mi crocont rol l er

H
IG H

198
199
,

211
, LED

uno
PI R sensor
LED

HC

Bread Board

211
212
boolean x;
void setup(){
pinMode(12,INPUT);
pinMode(11,OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop (){
x= digitalRead(12);

if (x==1){
digitalWrite(11,HIGH);
delay(50);
Serial.println("There is motion");
}
if (x==0){
digitalWrite(11,LOW);
delay(50);
Serial.println("no motion");
}
}

213
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>// import the serial library

SoftwareSerial Genotronex(10, 11); // RX, TX

boolean x;
void setup(){
pinMode(12,INPUT);
Genotronex.begin(9600);
Genotronex.println("Bluetooth On if there is motion we'll
notify you....");
}
void loop (){
x= digitalRead(12);
if (x==1){

Genotronex.println("**There is motion**");
delay (1000);

}
delay (100);
}

214
KEYPAD

Keypad
,

215
 Keypad

Keypad
but t on

216
 Keypad
sol derl ess J umper
Breadboard

Keypad
Keypad
Col umns Rows
,
, Swi t ch But t on

217
 Keypad
Rows
col umns

218
 ,

int t=10;
byte C1=6;
byte C2=7;
byte C3=8;
byte C4=9;
//............
byte R1=2;
byte R2=3;
byte R3=4;
byte R4=5;
//............

boolean Button_state=1;

//...........
byte col[]={6,7,8,9};

219
byte row[] ={2,3,4,5};
//...........

char Button[4][4] = {
{ '1','2','3','A' },
{ '4','5','6','B' },
{ '7','8','9','C' },
{ '*','0','#','D' }
};

voidsetup(){
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(R1,OUTPUT);
pinMode(R2,OUTPUT);
pinMode(R3,OUTPUT);
pinMode(R4,OUTPUT);
//........
pinMode(C1,INPUT);
pinMode(C2,INPUT);
pinMode(C3,INPUT);
pinMode(C4,INPUT);
//.......
digitalWrite(C1,HIGH);
digitalWrite(C2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(C3,HIGH);
digitalWrite(C4,HIGH);
//.............
digitalWrite(R1,HIGH);
digitalWrite(R2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(R3,HIGH);
digitalWrite(R4,HIGH);
}
voidloop(){
int x=0;
for (int i=0;i<4;i++){
digitalWrite(row[i],LOW);
delay(t);
for (int j=0;j<4;j++){
digitalWrite(row[i],LOW);
Button_state=digitalRead(col[j]);
digitalWrite(row[i],HIGH);
if (Button_state == 0){
Serial.print("Button Pushed ");
x=i+j;
Serial.println(Button[i][j]);
delay(500);
}
}

}
}

211
 D D R
D D C
, I NPUT

digitalWrite(C1,HIGH);
digitalWrite(C2,HIGH);
digitalWrite(C3,HIGH);
digitalWrite(C4,HIGH);

Seri al Moni t or

211
 ,Bl uet oot h

IR I nf ared

HP, Di gi t al , I BM

,I RDA I nf ared Dat a Associ at i on

Eri csson

,I nt el , Toshi ba, Noki a, Eri csson

,Haral d Bl at and

212
 ,Bl uet oot h Bl at and

GHz

B
Bl uet oot h Hardware Devi ce Address
Transmi ssi on BD ADDR

213
Recei ved Si gnal St rengt h I ndi cat i on
RSSI

HS

BD ADDR

214
 



Power

A DP
,AVRCP
,BI P
,FAX
,GAP

I RDA
I nf ared Dat a Associ at i on
Recei ver

215
,one t o one

216
217
,

218
,

219
 ,

MCU
,
, ,
,
ATMEGA

221
,

221
D C M otor gear
servo

DC

222
 DC
, MCU

,
MCU
L L

223
,

224
,
,

225
 ,
, ,
,

226
 ,
Line Foloower
,
,

I nf rared
, ,

227
Uno

228
 Rover

L Modul e

QTR A

229
Sensor Shi el d

231
 J umper

Rover

,
L

Sensor Shi el d
bread board

L Modul e

231
QTR A

232
, IR ,

,
,
,

233
#include <QTRSensors.h>
#include "L298_MOTOR.h"

#define NUM_SENSORS 4 // number of sensors used

#define NUM_SAMPLES_PER_SENSOR 4 // average 4 analog samples per sensor
reading
#define EMITTER_PIN 2 // emitter is controlled by digital pin
2
#define Threshold 800 // threshold for line follower
#define minValue 30
// sensors 0 through 5 are connected to analog inputs 0 through 5, respecti
vely
QTRSensorsAnalog qtra((unsignedchar[]) {0, 1, 2, 3},
NUM_SENSORS, NUM_SAMPLES_PER_SENSOR, EMITTER_PIN);
unsignedint sensorValues[NUM_SENSORS];
#define RightSensor 'R'
L298_MOTOR L298(5,4,6,7);
constint d = 7;
int SPEED=200; // 200/255 speed
// void for Read QTR Sensor
void QTR_Sensor_test(){

234
 qtra.read(sensorValues);
delay(5);//delay 5ms
for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
Serial.print("sensorValues[ ");
Serial.print(i);
Serial.print(" ] = ");
Serial.println(sensorValues[i]);
}
}
void Get_QTR_Order(){
// 4 sensor
//sensorValues[0] ,sensorValues[1] ,sensorValues[2],sensorValues[3]
qtra.read(sensorValues);
//.....................
//forward movment state :
if(sensorValues[3]<Threshold && sensorValues[2]>Threshold
&&sensorValues[1]>Threshold &&sensorValues[0]<Threshold ){//0110
L298.FORWARD(SPEED);
// Serial.println("forward ");
}
if(sensorValues[3]<Threshold && sensorValues[2]>Threshold
&&sensorValues[1]<Threshold &&sensorValues[0]<Threshold ){//0100
L298.FORWARD(SPEED);
// Serial.println("forward ");
}
if(sensorValues[3]<Threshold && sensorValues[2]>Threshold
&&sensorValues[1]<Threshold &&sensorValues[0]<Threshold ){//0010
L298.FORWARD(SPEED);
// Serial.println("forward ");
}
//......................
//Right movment state
if(sensorValues[3]<Threshold && sensorValues[2]>Threshold
&&sensorValues[1]>Threshold &&sensorValues[0]>Threshold ){//0111
L298.TurnLEFT(SPEED);
delay(d);

//Serial.println("Right ");
}
if(sensorValues[3]<Threshold && sensorValues[2]<Threshold
&&sensorValues[1]>Threshold &&sensorValues[0]>Threshold ){//0011
L298.TurnLEFT(SPEED);
//Serial.println("Right ");
delay(d);
}
if(sensorValues[3]<Threshold && sensorValues[2]<Threshold
&&sensorValues[1]<Threshold &&sensorValues[0]>Threshold ){//0001
L298.TurnLEFT(SPEED);
//Serial.println("Right ");
delay(d);
}
//......................
//left movment state
if(sensorValues[3]>Threshold && sensorValues[2]>Threshold
&&sensorValues[1]>Threshold &&sensorValues[0]<Threshold ){//1110
L298.TurnRIGHT(SPEED);
//Serial.println("Left ");
delay(d);
}
if(sensorValues[3]>Threshold && sensorValues[2]>Threshold
&&sensorValues[1]<Threshold &&sensorValues[0]<Threshold ){//1100

235
 L298.TurnRIGHT(SPEED);
//Serial.println("Left ");
delay(d);
}
if(sensorValues[3]>Threshold && sensorValues[2]<Threshold
&&sensorValues[1]<Threshold &&sensorValues[0]<Threshold ){//1000
L298.TurnRIGHT(SPEED);
//Serial.println("Left ");
delay(d);
}
//.....................
// stop State condtion !
// if(sensorValues[3]>Threshold && sensorValues[2]<Threshold
&&sensorValues[1]<Threshold &&sensorValues[0]>Threshold ){//1001
if(sensorValues[3]>Threshold && sensorValues[2]>Threshold
&&sensorValues[1]>Threshold &&sensorValues[0]>Threshold ){//1111
L298.STOP();
}
}

voidsetup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(13,OUTPUT);
for(int x=0;x<10;x++){
QTR_Sensor_test();
digitalWrite(13,1);
delay(250);
digitalWrite(13,0);
}
Serial.println("test Complete ");
}

voidloop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
Get_QTR_Order();
}

236
1

, ,
.
" Avoiding Robot "
,
Ultrasonic
.
,
,
,
Dumilanova Uno 1

237
 2
, Sparkfun
Wheel4

L298 Arduino L298 Motor Sheild 3

238
 Ultrasonic HC-SR04 4

5 , 5
9

239
 female-female , , 6
dc jack male+female ,8
1 pin header male ,

1
2

tri >>>"D12
echo>>"D13
vcc>> vcc
Gnd>>Gnd

9
5 V5

dc jack female , 4
,
,

VCC
Gnd

241
 5

Serial monitor ,

/*
// This code to drive 2 DC Motor using L298 Module
// Connect :

IN1 >>>> D3
IN2 >>>> D5
IN3 >>>> D6
IN4 >>>> D9

ultrasonic connection :
Vcc>>>5V
Tri >>>D12
Echo>>>D13
Gnd>>>>Gnd
*/

241
 #include "Ultrasonic.h"
int distance = 0;
Ultrasonic ultrasonic (12,13);
const int IN1=3;
const int IN2=5;
const int IN3=6;
const int IN4=9;
boolean Rotate=true;
voidsetup() {
// fIRST , define the Motor's pin as an OUTPUT
pinMode( IN1 ,OUTPUT);// Right Motor 1st wire
pinMode( IN2 ,OUTPUT);// Right Motor 2nd wire
pinMode( IN3 ,OUTPUT);// left Motor 1st wire
pinMode( IN4 ,OUTPUT);// left Motor 2nd wire

}
void forward(int Speed){
//When we want to let Motor To Rotate clock wise
// just void this part on the loop section .

analogWrite(IN1,0);
analogWrite(IN2,Speed);
analogWrite(IN3,Speed);
analogWrite(IN4,0);
}
void backward(int Speed){
//When we want to let Motor To Rotate Counter clock wise
// just void this part on the loop section .
analogWrite(IN1,Speed);
analogWrite(IN2,0);
analogWrite(IN3,0);
analogWrite(IN4,Speed);
}
void left(int Speed){
//When we want to let Motor To Rotate Counter clock wise
// just void this part on the loop section .
analogWrite(IN1,0);
analogWrite(IN2,Speed);
analogWrite(IN3,0);
analogWrite(IN4,Speed);
}
void right(int Speed){
//When we want to let Motor To Rotate Counter clock wise
// just void this part on the loop section .
analogWrite(IN1,Speed);
analogWrite(IN2,0);
analogWrite(IN3,Speed);
analogWrite(IN4,0);
}

void Stop(){
//When we want to let Motor To Rotate clock wise
// just void this part on the loop section .
analogWrite(IN1,0);
analogWrite(IN2,0);
analogWrite(IN3,0);
analogWrite(IN4,0);
}

voidloop() {
//Rise Up

242
 distance=ultrasonic.Ranging(CM);
delay(40);
if(distance>20){
forward(160);
delay(20);
Rotate=!Rotate ;// Random direction
}
if(distance<=20 &&Rotate==true ){
right(120);
}
if(distance<=20 &&Rotate==false ){
left(120);
}
}

243
,

Android

244
 Uno 1

L293 Motor driver 2

L298

245
 3

246
 Linvor HC-06 HC-05 4

5 , 5
9

247
 4.4 6
female-female , , 7
dc jack male+female ,4
1 pin header male ,

248
A0,A1 L293 Motor driver
,

249
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=braulio.calle.bluetoothRCco
ntroller

L293

#include <AFMotor.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>// import the serial library
SoftwareSerial Genotronex(14, 15); // RX, TX

char BluetoothData; // the data given from Computer

int t=10;
AF_DCMotor right_motor(1, MOTOR12_1KHZ); // create motor #2, 1KHz pwm
AF_DCMotor left_motor (2, MOTOR12_1KHZ); // create motor #3, 1KHz pwm

voidsetup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
Genotronex.begin(9600);
left_motor.setSpeed(200); // set the speed to 200/255
right_motor.setSpeed(180); // set the speed to 200/25
}

voidloop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
if (Genotronex.available()){
BluetoothData=Genotronex.read();
delay(t);

251
 switch(BluetoothData){
case'F':
left_motor.run(FORWARD);
right_motor.run(FORWARD);
delay(t);
break;
case'L':// right
left_motor.run(BACKWARD);
right_motor.run(FORWARD); // turn it on going forward
delay(t);
break;
case'R'://left
left_motor.run(FORWARD);
right_motor.run(BACKWARD);
delay(t);
break;
case'B':
left_motor.run(BACKWARD);
right_motor.run(BACKWARD);
delay(t);
break;
case'S':
left_motor.run(RELEASE);
right_motor.run(RELEASE);
delay(t);
break;
case'2':
left_motor.setSpeed(100); // set the speed to 200/255
right_motor.setSpeed(80); // set the speed to 200/25
break;
case'4':
left_motor.setSpeed(150); // set the speed to 200/255
right_motor.setSpeed(130); // set the speed to 200/25
break;
case'7':
left_motor.setSpeed(200); // set the speed to 200/255
right_motor.setSpeed(180); // set the speed to 200/25
break;
case'q':
left_motor.setSpeed(250); // set the speed to 200/255
right_motor.setSpeed(230); // set the speed to 200/25

}
}

251
25






:
zaafraniwissem@gmail.com
:
https://www.facebook.com/trez.hochrinada
:
https://twitter.com/ZaafraniWissem
:
+216 26664243
252
 http://www.4shared.com/rar/Qu4wIm-w/Ultrasonic.html
aplication pour commander robot bluetooth
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=braulio.calle.blue toothRCco
ntroller

ultrasonic

http://www.4shared.com/rar/Qu4wIm-w/Ultrasonic.html

Structure
Fonctions de base Structures de contrôle Syntaxe de base
Ces deux fonctions sont • if • ; (point virgule)
obligatoires dans tout • if...else • {} (accolades)
programme en langage • for • // (commentaire sur
Arduino : • switch case une ligne)
• void setup() • while • /* */ (commentaire
• void loop( ) • do... while Sur plusieurs lignes)
• break • #define
• continue • #include
• return
• goto
Opérateurs arithmétiques Opérateurs de Opérateurs
• = (égal ité) comparaison booléens
253
• + (addition) • == (égal à) • && (ET booléen)
• - (soustraction) • != (différent de) • || (OU booléen)
• * (multiplication) • < (inférieur à) • ! (NON booléen
• / (division) • > (supérieur à)
• % (modulo) • <= (inférieur ou
égal à)
• >= (supérieur ou
égal à)
Pointeurs Opérateurs bit à bit Opérateurs
• * pointeur • & (ET bit à bit) composés
• & pointeur • |(OU bit à bit) • ++ (incrémentation)
• ^(OU EXCLUSIF bit • -- (décrémentation)
à • += (addition
bit) composée)
• ˜(NON bit à bit) • -= (soustraction
• << (décalage à composée)
gauche) • *= (multiplication
• >> (décalage à composée)
Droite) • /= (division
composée)
• &= (ET bit à bit
composé)

254
 Variables et constantes
Constantes prédéfinies Types des données Conversion des types
Les constantes Les variables peuvent de données
prédéfinies être de • char()
du type variés qui sont • byte()
langage Arduino sont des décrits cidessous. • int()
valeurs particulières Synthèse des types de • long()
ayant données Arduino • float()
une • boolean • word()
signification spécifique. • char Portée des variables
• HIGH | LOW • byte et
• INPUT | OUTPUT • int qualificateurs
• true | false • unsignedint • Portée des variables
A ajouter : constantes • long • static
décimales prédéfinies • unsigne d long • volatile
Expressions • float (nombres à • const
numériques virgules) Utilitaires
• Expressions • double (nombres à • sizeof() (opérateur
numériques entières virgules) sizeof )
• Expressions • Les chaînes de Référence
numériques à virgule caractères • Code ASCII
• objet String NEW
• Les tableaux de
variables
• le mot-clé void
(fonctions)
• word
• PROGMEM

255
 Fonctions
Entrées/Sorties Temps Trigonométrie
Numériques • unsigned long millis() • sin (rad)
• pinMode (broche, • unsigned long • cos (rad)
mode) micros() • tan (rad)
• digitalWrite (broche, • delay (ms) Bits et Octets
valeur) • delayMicroseconds • lowByte ()
• intdigitalRead(broche) (us) • highByte ()
Entrées analogiques Math • bitRead ()
• intanalogRead(broche) • min (x, y) • bitWrite ()
• analogReference (type) • max (x, y) • bitSet ()
Sorties "analogiques" • abs (x) • bitClear ()
(génération d'impulsion) • constrain (x, a, b) • bit ()
• analogWrite (broche, • map (valeur, toLow, Interruptions
valeur) - PWM fromHigh, toLow, Externes
Entrées/Sorties toHigh) • attachInterrupt
Avancées • pow (base, (interrupti
• tone () exposant) on, fonction, mode)
• noTone () • sq (x) • detachInterrupt
• shiftOut (broche, • sqrt (x) (interrupt
BrocheHorloge, Pour davantage de ion)
OrdreBit, valeur) fonctions Interruptions
• unsigned long mathématiques, voir • interrupts ()
pulseIn(broche, valeur) aussi la • noInterrupts ()
Communication librairie math.h: log,
• Serial log10,
asin, atan, acos, etc...
Nombresrandomisés
(hasard)
• randomSeed (seed)
• long random(max)
• long random(min,
max)

256
https://www.hackster.io/arduino/projects
http://www.cytron.com.my
https://www.hackster.io
http://isnaha.com
http://horizon4electronics.blogspot.com
http://fablab-egypt.com
https://brainy-bits.com
https://www.pjrc.com
http://www.genotronex.com

257