Name: _____________________________________________________ Score: ___________________

Activity No. 1 Which is matter? Which is not?

Objectives:
1. Identify examples of matter; and
2. Distinguish properties of matter from non-matter.
A. Directions: Draw ♥ if the sample has mass and ♦ if not. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.

Sample Does each sample have mass?

a. Air inside the ball
b. Flour
c. Human Heart
d. Light
e. Leaves
f. Smoke
g. Sound
h. Toy
Which of the given samples have measurable mass?
_________________________________________________________________________________

B. Directions: Draw ☺ if the sample occupies space and ◌ if not. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Sample Does each sample have mass?

b. Air inside the ball
b. Flour
c. Human Heart
d. Light
e. Leaves
f. Smoke
g. Sound
h. Toy
Which of the given samples occupy space?
__________________________________________________________________________________

C. Directions: Write √ if the sample is matter and X if not. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
Sample Does each sample have mass?
c. Air inside the ball
b. Flour
c. Human Heart
d. Light
e. Leaves
f. Smoke
g. Sound
h. Toy
1. Is smoke an example of matter? _______________________________________________
Does it have mass? ___________________________________________________________
Does it occupy space? ________________________________________________________
2. Are toys and leaves examples of matter? _______________________________________
Do they occupy space? _______________________________________________________
Do they have mass? __________________________________________________________
3. In the activity given, how do you identify the sample as matter?
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. What is your basis in identifying such samples?
_____________________________________________________________________________
Matter
Everything we see or even not seen in the universe is matter. Matter is anything that
occupies space and has mass. Leaves, human hearts, toys, flour, smoke, and air are examples of
matter because they occupy space and have mass. Light and sound are not examples of matter
since they do not occupy space nor have mass. Mass refers to the total amount of matter in a
body. Volume refers to the total amount of space occupied by a body of matter. The ratio of
mass and volume is called density.
All matter is particulate in nature which simply means the matter is made up of tiny
particles that are in constant and random motion. Democritus named the particle as atom from
atomos meaning “indivisible”. Matter and energy make up the entire universe.
Matter is made of tiny particles. These particles are arranged depending on their states.
The arrangement of particles of each state gives matter its own unique properties. In the pictures
below, a solid material, a liquid material, and a gas inside a balloon can be viewed sub-
microscopically as substances composed of tiny particles.
Matter has three states namely: solid, liquid and gas. Each state has different
arrangement of particles.

Solid Liquid Gas

Figure 4. Arrangement of particles in solid, liquid and gas
Solid
It has definite shape and volume because its particles are closely packed together in a
fixed position. These particles vibrate at fixed position and are held together by strong attractive
forces. It is difficult to compress the particles. It can be classified as crystalline solids, metallic
& amorphous solids.
•Crystalline solid is a solid whose atoms or molecules are arranged in an orderly,
geometric, three dimensional structures like crystals.
• Metallic solid, a solid consisting of positive metal ions that are easily hammered into
thin sheets like iron and copper wire.
• Amorphous solid, a solid whose particles are not arranged in a regular pattern like
glass, rubber, and plastics.
Characteristics of solid also include malleability the ability to be hammered into thin
sheets, elasticity ability to stretch and return to original position, brittleness ease with which it
breaks, hardness ability to resist scratching and tensile strength resistance to breaking under
pressure.

Liquid
Is a phase of matter which consists of more loosely packed particles with properties such
as fluidity, the ability to flow, viscosity the resistance of liquid to flow, surface tension, the
energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid and capillary action, the adhesive forces
between molecules such as cohesion and adhesion. It vibrate and move from one place to
another.

Gas
A phase of matter where the particles are so loose, they have no defined form or volume.
Some important properties of gas are temperature, a measure of the average kinetic energy of
the particles of matter and pressure, the measurement of force over area. Its particles of mater
are moving all the time, or in any directions.
• Molecular motion of matter is greatest in gases, less in liquids, and least in solids.
• Particles (molecules) in gases do not exert large forces on each other unless they are in
collision with each other.
• There is a transfer of energy between particles (atoms and molecules) during a collision
among them.
• Attractive forces exist within and between particles. The attractive forces that hold
particles together are called intramolecular forces; while forces that can hold together identical
particles such as water particles is called intermolecular forces.