ROBOTIC SEGREGATION

Project Initiation
Introduction

Segregation of waste is very important. Preliminary segregation of waste is

done into wet and dry waste this is why because wet waste is used to make
manure while dry waste is used for recycling. But to recycle dry waste it is to be
further divided into paper waste, plastic waste, polythene, metallic waste, e-
waste etc. Paper waste is further divided into cartons, books, copies, list, records
etc. There are more than 10 grades of paper. Different or mix grades of paper is
used as a raw material by different paper recycling industries depending upon
what products they are making after recycling. Like paper waste polythene is also
of many types like polypropylene (PP), high density polyethylene (HDPE), low
density polyethylene (LDPE) etc. Similar classification happens with plastic
waste. Metallic waste is segregated and turned into molten form for casting into
usable things. From e-waste we can get many types of waste like plastic, glass,
metals like copper, aluminum, lead, silver and gold in small amount and can be
used according to their requirement.

Semantic segmentation of robotic instruments is an important problem for

the robot-assisted surgery. One of the main challenges is to correctly detect an
instrument's position for the tracking and pose estimation in the vicinity of
surgical scenes. Accurate pixel-wise instrument segmentation is needed to
address this challenge. In this paper we describe our deep learning-based
approach for robotic instrument segmentation. Our approach demonstrates an
improvement over the state-of-the-art results using several deep neural network
architectures. It addressed the binary segmentation problem, where every pixel
in an image is labeled as an instrument or background from the surgery video
feed. In addition, we address a multi-class segmentation problem, in which we
distinguish between different instruments or different parts of an instrument from
the background
Purpose

1. The robot is designed to collect Garbage at foot path, public places

(parks, schools and colleges), mostly cemented paths and beach. The
robot cannot be used on muddy surfaces. The robot is built in such a
way that, when it is started it will move on the path defined in the
program.
2. The primary aim is to introduce a way in which garbage could be
collected and disposed efficiently; To analyze the problem of garbage
disposal at a school, restaurant, office, hotel, production plant or any
other suitable location; To design and develop a system for solving the
problem; To test and maintain the implemented system.

Obtain Authorization

 Checking the project market.

 Consulting the LGU
 Asking permission in Barangay

Identify Key Project Stakeholders

 Generate project capital

Stakeholders

a. Government
b. Mechanical Engineer
c. Electrical Engineer
d. IT. Specialists
e. Labor

Funding

Particular Estimated Amount Duration

Robotic Segregation 10 Million 5 Years

Table 1. Funding
Documentation of Key Project Management

Objectives:

1. Reduce the volume of the solid waste stream through the implementation
of waste reduction and recycling programs
2. To minimize the waste and ensure reduction in landfill space for final
disposal.
3. Reducing the single-use of plastic to an almost zero level so that they
should not be dumped under the ground with wastes.
PROJECT PLANNING

Statement of Work for: Installation of Robotic Segregation

This product is to provide cleanliness to sustain and maintain our

environment clean to reduce climate change.

1. The product is to consist of:

Table 2. Mechanical

MECHANICAL
Motor Driver 8.5 inches
Power Supply Output:15A
Motion Controlling 11 BDC
Automatic Motion D34 AGM battery, or equipment
Metallic Structure 1.5 inches thick
Auxiliary Circuit 8ATmega328

Table 2. Mechanical

 a. Equipment Components
 Wirings
 Steels
 Small Wheels
 Metals
o Grinders
o Chips
o Auduino
o Solar powered autonomous for surveillance
o Sprayer
o Anti Bacterial
c. Power Connection
o A grounded 2-prong outlet with a minimum 20B rating must receive
the charger/electrical maintainer's connection..

d. Date of Installation
o The equipment is to be installed no later than January 01, 2028.

e. Estimated Cost
o The robotic garbage segregation cost is not to exceed Php 10
million.
o Any suggested modifications will be costed by the equipment
developer and provided to the user, who will determine if they should
be accepted. These changes will be paid for by the user at the fee
specified.
 f. Specify Work Activities

Installation of
Robotic Segregation

Machine Machine Acquisition Installation

Define Work Asking Selling Price of Hardware Order

Materials Components
Process

Test Components
Identify
Obtain Machine for User Test for Mechanical
Required Functionality
Information
and Sources

Identify User Comments Machine

Required and Approval Assemble
Hardware
Components

Train User on
Machine

User Test on
Machine
Figure 1. Work Breakdown Structure Functionality
 Installation of Portable Sprayer
Tasks Subtasks Responsible Parties Predecessor
s
A. Machine Design
A1 Define Work Process Machine Engineer, none
User
A2 Identify Required Machine Engineer, A1
Information and Sources User
A3 Identify Required Hardware Machine, User A2
Components
B. Machine Acquisition
B1 Asking Selling Price of Hardware Acquisition A3
Hardware Materials
B2 Obtain Machine for User Machine Engineer, B1
Test User
B2.1 User Comments and Machine Engineer, B2
Approval User
C. Installation
C1 Order Components Hardware Acquisition B2.1
C2 Test Components for assistant C1
Mechanical Functionality
C3 Machine Assemble Assistant C2
C4 Train User on Machine Trainer, User C3
C5 User Test on Machine Machine Engineer, C4
Functionality User

Tasks Resources Required Deliverable Estimated

Duration
A1 Machine Engineer, Work Process 3 days
User Documentation
A2 Machine Engineer, Necessary Information 2 days
User Sources List
A3 Machine Engineer, Formal Document 3 days
User Describing The
Components
B1 Hardware Acquisition List of components with 1 day
prices
B2 Machine Engineer, Examination Copies 15 days
 User
B2.1 Machine Engineer, User Approval 10 days
User
C1 Hardware Acquisition Purchase Orders 4 days
C2 Assistant Letters of Certification 3 days
C3 Assistant Functioning Machine 1 day
C4 Trainer, User Trainer Certification 3 days
C5 Machine Engineer, User-signed 3 days
User endorsement

Table 3. Detailed Task List

Tasks Subtasks EE HA TR A User

A MACHINE DESIGN
A1 Define Work Process X X
A2 Identify Required X X
Information and Sources
A3 Identify Required Hardware X X
Components
B1 Asking Selling Price of X
Hardware Materials
B2 Obtain Machine for User X X
Test
B2.1 User Comments and X X
Approval
C1 Order Components X
C2 Test Components for X
Mechanical Functionality

C3 Machine Assemble X
C4 Train User on Machine X X
C5 User Test on Machine X X
Functionality
Table 4. Responsibility Matrix

KEY: ME Machine Engineer

HA Hardware Acquisition
A Assistant
 TR Trainer

Organizational Chart

Machine Engineer User Purchasing

Manager

Trainer Machine Engineer Staff

Hardware Acquisition

Assistant 1 Assistant 2

Figure 2. Organization Chart

2. Develop the Schedule

o Schedules consist of the sequence of tasks from the work
breakdown structure.
o The installation will start on January 01, 2028.
o The estimated time of equipment testing is on December 31,
2033.
o The workers work schedule varies on their functions.

3. Status Review Meetings

o To check the cost, quality, and schedule information.
o To control the project funds while maintaining the quality.

4. Staff Meetings
o To give management control over expenditures
5. Process of Manufacturing

Start

Include Libraries and

Initialize the variable
Maintain Previous
State

Start the main function and set

input and output pins, initialize NO
serial ports

While loop start Check voice

command

Check the serial command and

read the serial data YES

Perform respective
If serial data exist the right it in string action

Perform the respective task

and loop back

Start
Figure 3. Flow Chart of Project

6. Financial Aspects
No. Particulars Amount in Peso
1 Land and Building Rent Per Month 10,000
2 Machine and Equipment 2,000,000
Total 2,010,000

Table 5. Machine and Equipment

Working Capital Requirement

i) Personnel (Wages per Month)

No Designation No Salary/Month Total Salary in Peso

1. Engineer 2 20,000 40,000

2. Skill Labour 1 5,000 5,000
3. Labour 1 10,000 10,000
4. I.T Specialist 1 15,000 15,000
5. Towards 10,500
welfares and
statutory
requirements
@15% of
total salary
Total 80,500

Table 6. Wages
ii. Raw Materials per Month

Description Qty. Rate Amount in

Peso
Wirings 3 2,500 7,500
Steels 4 150,000 600,000
Small Wheels 2 1000 2,000
Antibacterial 1 1000 1,000
Metals 3 100,000 300,000
Grinders 2 10,000 20,000
Sprayer 2 2,500 5,000
Chips 1 3,000 3,000
Auduino 1 2,500 2,500
Solar power 1 50,000 50,000
TOTAL 991,000

Table 7. Raw materials Per Month

iii) Utilities per Month

1. Power Charges Avg. 10,000 units @ 8.00 per Unit Php 80,000.

iv) Other Contingency expenses per month

1. Postage - 1,000
2. Repair and Maintenance - 2,000
3. Transportation - 5,000
4. Insurance - 3,000
5. Misc. - 5,000
Total -. 16,000

v) Total Recurring Expenditure

1. Personnel -80,500
2. Raw materials – 991,000
3. Utilities -. 80,000
4. Other Contingency Expanses – 16,000
Total – 1,167,500

vi) Working capital for 3 Month - Php 3,502,500

vii) Total Capital Investment

i) Fixed Capital – 2,010,000

ii) Working capital for 3 Month – 3,502,500
Total - 5,512,500

Vii) Sources of Raw Materials

Davao City HardwarE=e

6. Critical Path Method

Activity Duration(Mons. Predecessors

)
A Estimate cost to complete project 15 None
B Bid job and complete contract 2 A
C Build Machine 24 B
D Develop Training 12 B
E Implement Machine 12 C,D

Table 8. Critical Path Method

7. Early Start Schedule

Activity Early Start Early Finish

A Estimate cost to complete project 0 15 Releases B

B Bid job and complete contract 15 15 + 2=17 Releases C and D

C Build Machine 17 17 + 24= 41

D Develop Training 17 17 + 12= 29 With C, releases E
E Implement Machine MAX (41,29) 41+ 12= 53

Table 9. Early Start Schedule

8. Late Start Schedule

Activity Late Late Finish

Finish
A Estimate cost to complete project 53 53-12 = 41 Releases C and D

B Bid job and complete contract 41 41-12= 29

C Build Machine 29 29-24=5

D Develop Training MIN(29, 5) 12 - 2= 10 With D, Releases B
E Implement Machine 15 15-15=0 Releases A

Table 10. Late Start Schedule

9. Slack Calculations

Activity Early Early Late Late Slack

Start Finish Star Finish
t
A Estimate cost to 0 15 0 15 0 Critical
complete project
B Bid job and complete 15 17 15 17 0 Critical
contract
 C Build Machine 15 41 15 41 0 Critical
D Develop Training 15 29 29 21 8
E Implement Machine 15 53 41 53 0 Critical

Table 11. Slack Calculations

10. Networks

C Build Equipment
24 days
Predecessors. B

E Implement
A Estimate cost to Equipment
B Bid job and 12 days
complete project
complete contract Predecessor. C,
15 days no
2 days D
predecessors
predecessors. A

D Develop Training
12 days
Predecessor. B

Figure4. Networks

11. Resource Leveling

B
Procedure D training

A Design

E
C Implement
Interface
Figure 5. Network for Leveling Project

12. Resource Smoothing

A1 design B1 production C1 testing D1 assemble

A2 design B2 production C2 testing D2 assemble

A3 design B3 production C3 testing D3 assemble

Figure 6. Network for Smoothing Project

PROJECT EXECUTING

1. People Management
o Hire mechanical engineer, I.T. Specialist, trainer, and assistants.
o Develop team members to support the project objectives and goals.
o Manager will handle all people-related tasks, employee
engagement, and responsible for the onboarding and training
process of new employee.
o People management will be responsible in monitoring of employees
performance, engagement, and the project progress.

People Management

Mechanical Engineer I.T. Specialist

Manager

Trainers Office Employee Assistants

Figure 7. People Management

2. Ongoing Communication
o Avoid conflict between employees and confusion from bogging the
project down.
o Ensuring key people that they are aligned on project goals and
objectives and they know what exactly their function.
o Helps build team-wide trust so everyone will works better together
from project start to finish.

Avoid Conflict

Project success Avoid Confusion

Ongoing
Communication

Helps build team trust Ensuring employee’s

function
Figure 8. Ongoing Communication

3. Recommend Changes and Corrective Actions

 Check the user’s and engineers perspective.
 Evaluate the assessment
 Formulate changes and check equipment malfunction.

4. Manage Project Communication with Stakeholders

 Ask the stakeholders suggestions about the project.
 Monitor the progress of the project.
 Have an email where all the employees have an access
 Check emails regularly for the stakeholders queries and deadlines
for the project.
 Maintain transparency within the company.

5. Conduct Team-Building Exercise

 Celebrate every business success to lift-up the workers energy to

work hard.
 Celebrate milestone and motivate team members.

6. Hold Status Meetings to make sure everything is on schedule.

 Conduct meeting regularly to check the project progress and
unfinished products.
 Checking the client’s orders.
7. Documents all the changes to the Project Plan
 Record all the changes made in the project
ROBOTIC SEGREGATION OF GARBAGE

An Undergraduate Research Invention

Presented to Mr. Eric Pajaron
University of Mindanao, Bansalan College
Bansalan, Davao del Sur

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

Of the Course Project Management

Kim Amor Corillo

October 202 2