Research Project Arduino Powered Automatic Fluid Dispenser

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION II – CAGAYAN VALLEY
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CAGAYAN
LICERIO ANTIPORDA SR. NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL- MAIN
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
The Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly virulent pathogen that originated
in Wuhan, China and was first detected in December 2019, which has now spread to 113
countries and territories outside of China (World Health Organization, 2020). SARS-CoV-2 is
a beta-coronavirus that infects humans, and the disease presents mostly with fever, cough and
dyspnea or difficulty of breathing. The said virus had caused vast alteration not only in the
health status of the people, the health management system of nations and more so, the
economy of most nations as well.
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at the front-line of the COVID-19 outbreak, and
their constant exposure to infected patients and contaminated surfaces can put them at risk of
acquiring and transmitting the infection. SARS-CoV-2 appears to be transmitted from person-
to-person through respiratory droplets and close contact, as previously seen in Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), the two other zoonotic coronaviruses. In healthcare settings, this
highlights the necessity of practicing respiratory hygiene and hand hygiene, and using
appropriate personal protective equipment. The World Health Organization (WHO) has
strongly recommended HCWs to ask patients to cover their nose and mouth with a tissue or
elbow when coughing or sneezing, to provide masks for patients, and to perform appropriate
hand hygiene.
Address: Centro, Buguey, Cagayan

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E-mail Address: 300474@deped.gov.ph 1
Hand hygiene with alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) is widely used around the
world as one of the most effective, simple and low-cost procedures against COVID-19 cross-
transmission. By denaturing proteins, alcohol inactivates enveloped viruses, including
coronaviruses, and thus ABHR formulations with at least 60% ethanol have been proven
effective for hand hygiene. ABHRs such as those recommended by the WHO, containing
ethanol (80% v/v) or isopropanol (75% v/v) as active components, have a marked virucidal
effect against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
With everyone being more careful of their interactions with humans and objects,
personal hygiene has taken serious priority over all other factors in public space. In public
space specially that, disease carrying pathogens are easily transmitted with the hands. In
response to the health crisis brought by the pandemic, public places were obliged to follow
basic health and safety protocols by making alcohols and sanitizers readily available through
hand-pushed dispensers in every establishments before someone is allowed to enter. With
this, frequent contact with hand-pushed dispensers with the hands, can increase the incidence
of cross-contamination. Moreover, each person presses hand sanitizer differently, making it
difficult to measure the amount used to manage refills and replacements.
A study by Fournier et al. reported that the use of a strategically positioned hand
sanitizer dispenser was successful in raising hand hygiene activity from 1.52% to over 60%.
A few types of dispensers such as mechanical, automated with pushbuttons, touchless, etc.,
are available to dispense the liquid or gaseous sanitizing materials. In public places including
hospitals, the use of mechanical dispensers and pushbutton sanitizer dispensers is found

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widespread. Since physical contact is mandatory for using mechanical dispensers and
automated pushbutton hand sanitizer dispensers, they are vulnerable to pathogen infection.
Mechanical and electrical dispensers (having a pushbutton) increase our
vulnerability of acquiring infection as these can be contaminated with pathogens that cause
hand-associated infections (HAI). Nowadays, automated touchless sanitizers are taking place
in healthcare facilities, especially in developed countries. As this dispenser does not require
any human contact to operate, it can be very effective to stop the spread of infectious disease
if used carefully. Also, decreases environmental impact with zero small plastic containers to
dispose.
In response to the demand of basic health and safety protocols to make alcohols
and sanitizers readily available without hand contact, an electronic device-Arduino can be
used to meet such demand. Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based on
the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc. The board is
equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to
various expansion boards (shields) and other circuits. The board has 14 digital I/O pins (six
capable of PWM output), 6 analog I/O pins, and is programmable with the Arduino
IDE (Integrated Development Environment), via a type B USB cable. It can be powered by
the USB cable or by an external 9-volt battery, though it accepts voltages between 7 and 20
volts. It is similar to the Arduino Nano and Leonardo.
The main objective of this study is to make a low-cost hand sanitizer dispenser,
which is fully touchless and automated using Arduino which work through stored energy
battery. Due to the advancement of science and technology, it becomes possible to locally

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fabricate a low-cost automated hand sanitizer dispenser, and such a low-cost device may be
very efficient to be deployed in public places where it can be easily accessed and be used by
individuals when going to places. This study may help to stop the COVID-19 transmission
and other hand-associated infections especially in densely populated developing countries
where industrial/commercial dispensers are costly and not readily available or of not, are
manually operated.
B. Statement of the Problem
Generally, this study aimed to determine the capability of Arduino in automatically
dispensing fluids.
Specifically, this study aimed to:
1. Determine if the device automatically dispenses fluid through ultrasonic sensor.
2. Determine the dispensing capability of the device given the following parameters:
a. Distance of the hand
b. Duration of dispensing
c. Time interval of dispensing fluid
3. Determine the amount of fluid dispensed in every use.
C. Hypothesis
Arduino powered fluid dispenser is not capable of automatically dispensing fluids.

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D. Significance of the Study
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created a global health
crisis that had a deep impact on the way we perceive our world and our everyday lives. This
pandemic has affected thousands of peoples, regardless of their race, economic status, age,
gender but most of those who manifest the signs and symptoms are those with co-morbidities.
Hence, this study will help in preventing the spread of COVID-19 and the spread of
other diseases that are transmissible with the hands for the device is automatic, touch less,
and contactless.
The study will also benefit establishments that are required to provide readily
available alcohol and sanitizer in the workplace both for their staff and clients since the
device dispenses fluids at a regulated rate thereby helping them decrease the amount of
consumption. This will also help them manage waste for it minimizes the use of refilling
plastic containers which up to now contributes to environmental waste issues.
Lastly, this study will also help other researchers gain related information and
relevantly conduct their study.
E. Scope and Delimitation

This study is limited to determining the capability of battery powered Arduino in
automatically dispensing fluids specifically alcohols and liquid hand sanitizers through
ultrasonic sensors.

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F. Time and Locale of the Study
Creation and preparation of all materials needed in assembling the device will be
conducted from April to July, 2021 or a duration of (3) months at Mala Weste, Buguey,
Cagayan.
G. Conceptual /Theoretical Framework
The Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model is a functional graph that identifies the
inputs, outputs, and required processing tasks required to transform inputs into outputs. The
input shows the initial steps and goals we needed to accomplish in order to make the initial
design. The process shows the next steps and necessary revisions and other requirements in
order to achieve our desired output: Arduino Powered Automatic Fluid Dispenser. Figure 1
shows the IPO process and the steps to meet our goals.

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INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Device construction Acquiring of hardware ARDUINO
requirements POWERED
Creating blueprints, AUTOMATIC
Development of the FLUID DISPENSER
sketches and
system
discussing concepts
Assessment of the
System:
 Functionality
 Reliability
 Usability
 Duration
 Distance
 Maintainability
 Workability
 Safety
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework
H. Definition of Terms
1. Arduino – is an open-source electronic prototyping platform enabling users to create
interactive electronic objects.
2. Capability – the power or ability to do something.
3. Coronavirus – are a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common
cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV).

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4. Beta-coronavirus – is one of four genera of coronavirus. Member viruses are enveloped,
positive-strand RNA viruses that infect mammals. The natural reservoir for betacoronavirus
are bats and rodents.
5. Cross-Contamination – the process by which bacteria or other microorganisms are
unintentionally transferred from one substance or object to another, with harmful effect.
6. Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04) – an ultrasonic sensor measures the distance between its
transmitter and an obstacle in front using ultrasonic sound waves (operational at 40 KHz)
beyond the human audible sound wave range. The HC-SR04 is a popular sensor among the
maker community. Its operational field of view is essentially a straight line along the sensor’s
line-of-sight.
7. Servo Motor – is the most common position-controlled actuator. It works on the
conventional servo-mechanism principle, where a rotary potentiometer measures the position
of the shaft based on the varying resistance and feeds it to a comparator.
8. Dispenser – an automatic machine or container which is designed to release a specific
amount of something.
9. Microcontroller – is a small computer on a single metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS)
integrated circuit (IC) chip. A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs (processor cores)
along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals.

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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
To gain better knowledge and more insight regarding the potential of Arduino to
create an automatic fluid dispenser, different concepts relevant to the study were gathered by
the researchers.
Surveillance Robot Using Arduino Microcontroller, Android APIs and the Internet
Chinmay Kulkarni, Suhas Grama, Pramod Gubbi Suresh, Chaitanya Krishna, Joseph Antony
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology
Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, India.
Abstract— We propose a cost-effective four-wheeled surveillance robot using an
Arduino UNO microcontroller and a smartphone running the Android Operating System.
Surveillance robots typically consist of a video camera, a GPS module, and GSM radios.
Android smartphones come with excellent hardware satisfying the above needs. This can be
leveraged and used to advantage through APIs (Application Programming Interfaces)
provided for the Android operating system. Moreover, the cost for building said robot using a
smartphone is mitigated to a great extent. The robot can be controlled remotely from a PC
using the internet and a microcontroller-smart phone interface residing on the robot. To
capture and archive the real time video from the robot, the inbuilt camera input of the phone
is utilized. The robot can be controlled based on visual feedback from the same smart phone.
Four motors help achieve a zero turning radius. The camera is attached to a stepper motor

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which makes it feasible to capture the scene or object of interest. The captured video can be
enhanced and made intelligible using further image processing on the remote PC thereby
eliminating the need for extra DSP hardware on the robot.
Keywords— Surveillance Robots, Android, Arduino, Video streaming.
I. INTRODUCTION
Surveillance is the process of monitoring a situation, an area or a person. This
generally occurs in a military scenario where surveillance of borderlines and enemy territory
is essential to a country’s safety. Human surveillance is achieved by deploying personnel near
sensitive areas in order to constantly monitor for changes. But humans do have their
limitations, and deployment in inaccessible places is not always possible. There are also
added risks of losing personnel in the event of getting caught by the enemy. With advances in
technology over the years, however, it is possibly to remotely monitor areas of importance by
using robots in place of humans. Apart from the obvious advantage of not having to risk any
personnel, terrestrial and aerial robots can also pick up details that are not obvious to humans.
By equipping them with high resolution cameras and various sensors, it is possible to obtain
information about the specific area remotely. Satellite communication makes it possible to
communicate seamlessly with the robots and obtain real-time audiovisual feedback. Thus, in
recent times, surveillance technology has become an area of great research interest. However,
building a small robot for testing and research purposes proves to be extremely expensive.
Primarily because a security robot would require certain components such as a GPS module
(Global Positioning System), High resolution cameras, radios for satellite connectivity, etc.

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Each of these components are quite expensive and piecing them together for the purpose of a
robot is a very costly and time consuming affair. Moreover, a lot of time is wasted in writing
driver code to interface all these components. The solution to this dilemma is quite simple. In
the last few years, feature-rich smartphones have become popular. These phones come
equipped with the required features such as a GPS module, a high resolution camera and
internet connectivity. Due to the extremely efficient supply chains that go into manufacturing
consumer electronic devices, these phones come quite cheap for the features that they
provide. Also, the operating system on these smartphones provide Application Programmer
Interfaces (APIs) for using the various sensors with ease. By using the APIs provided, we can
easily write apps in a high-level language like Java, without the complication of writing
driver code. In our system, we have used a smartphone running the Android Operating
System [8], which is one the most popular mobile operating systems today.
Thus, it is our aim to build a fully-featured surveillance robot using an easily
available Android phone, which can be remotely controlled over the internet.
II. RELATED WORKS
The field of surveillance robots is quite popular. A lot of work has been done in
navigational algorithms and control system of wireless surveillance robots [1], [2]. A
common theme is also the use of a camera on the robot in order to receive live video
feedback [1], [3], [5]. Wireless robots made using the Arduino microcontroller have been
implemented, but wireless communication occurs using the Zigbee protocol, which limits the
range of the robot [6]. A robot which performs image processing using the camera on an

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Android smartphone has also been implemented [7]. However, this method is limited by the
processing power of the phone, a problem that we have addressed by remotely performing all
imaging processing operations on a different computer, after transmitting the camera’s feed.
Our project is rather unique in the sense that it is a low-cost solution that offers the ability to
remotely control a robot with an unlimited range (by using the internet), while also offering
video feedback. There is also no constraint on any extra processing since everything is done
remotely.
III. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Our system consists of a remote
computer and a robot. The robot is
controlled by a user sitting at the remote
computer, over the internet. The robot
consists of a smartphone running the
Android operating system, an Arduino
microcontroller to control the robot’s
motion, and the requisite hardware (motors, chassis, power supply, etc.)
The user controls the robot by sending control signals to the Android smartphone. The
smartphone then forwards these signals to the Arduino Microcontroller, which then moves the
robot in the required direction. The camera on the Android smartphone is used to send video
feedback to the remote user simultaneously over the internet. This enables the user to

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navigate the robot remotely. Additional processing can be performed on the video feed on the
remote computer. A visual representation is shown below.
Fig. 1 A basic overview of the system.
IV.MODULES AND INTERFACES
The project is divided into 3 modules, each of which are explained in detail below.
A. Android to user Communication

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Fig. 2 Android to user interface.
At the remote computer, the user can control the robot through a MATLAB GUI that
we created using the GUIDE toolset [19]. A screenshot of the same is shown below.
Figure 3 MATLAB GUI on the remote computer
As seen in the figure, there are 4 navigation buttons to move the robot. There is also a
window showing the live video feed from the robot. The slider above the video feed allows
us to control the brightness of the incoming video. We have also implemented an auto
contrast feature for the video. The ability to record, save and play back the video feed has
also been implemented.
The Android smartphone on the robot writes the video feed to a particular IP address
which is set by the user. When the user clicks on the “Start Video” button, a MATLAB timer
is set off. This timer calls back on a read function at regular intervals of time. This function
reads the image that is transmitted by the Android phone at that instant in time. The image is
then passed through the user-controlled brightness and contrast filters, and then displayed in
the GUI. The interval at which the read function is called defines the frame rate of the video
feed. A record feature is also implemented where in the sequence of RGB matrices of the
frames are stored in a 4D matrix. This matrix is stored as .mat file, which can be played back
later. Navigation of the robot, based on the video feed, is done using the buttons on the GUI,
or through the arrow keys on the keyboard. When a particular button/key is pressed, a unique
String assigned to it is sent to the same IP address. This String is read by an app on the
Android smartphone.

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Both the video feed (phone to
user) and navigation signals (user to
phone) occur simultaneously on different
ports of the same IP address. This is done
with the help of internet sockets [14].
Figs. 4 and 5 show flowcharts depicting
the functioning of the GUI and the video
feed respectively.

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B. Android to Robot(Arduino) Communication
The Android phone is connected to the Arduino using a USB OTG (On-the-Go) cable.
Android provides support for USB connected devices through two modes of communication:
USB host and USB accessory. In our case, the Android phone acts as the host and powers the
Arduino.
The Android phone acts as a bridge for communicating between the remote computer
and the Arduino. For this purpose, there are two separate apps running simultaneously on the
phone. One of these is for transmitting the video feed to the remote computer. For this
purpose, we have used a freely
available Android app called IP
Webcam. The second app is
responsible for receiving control
signals from the Remote User and
relaying them to the Arduino
microcontroller. A screenshot of
the app is shown below.

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The app is coded in Java using the Android Software Development Kit (SDK) [10].
The app listens for incoming Strings from the Remote User on a specified port. Each String is
then mapped to a hexadecimal value. For example, an “up” command would be mapped to
0x00, “back” as 0x01 and so on. This hexadecimal value is then sent to the Arduino
microcontroller. We have used the USB Host API provided by Android for this purpose.
In the app, we have also included five navigation buttons for testing purposes. These
buttons simulate the same response as the ones on the MATLAB GUI.
Figure 7 Workflow of the Android app on the smartphone

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C. Arduino Implementation
In our system, we have used an Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the
ATmega328. The Arduino project provides an integrated development environment (IDE)
based on Processing, and programming is done using a language based on Wiring, which is
very similar to C++.
The Arduino microcontroller is configured to receive serial input from the app
running on the Android smartphone, and subsequently control four DC motors (2 front and 2
rear). Upon receiving the hexadecimal codes from the Android phone, the Arduino generates
two control signals per DC motor. For e.g, on receiving 0x00 to indicate a forward motion,
the code on the
Arduino sends one
HIGH and one
LOW on each pair
of control signals.
A backward motion
would involve
inverting of the
same, and so on.
Since the Arduino cannot directly power a DC motor due to insufficient current, motor
drivers, with their own power supply are used. Each motor driver is capable of controlling 2

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DC motors. Hence, two motor drivers are used. In our implementation, the Arduino sends the
control signals to two L293D motor drivers each powered by a 9 volt battery [17].
Figure 8 A circuit diagram of the motor driver circuit

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V. SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK AND CONCLUSION
This project offers a lot of scope for adding newer features. Since all image
processing is done remotely, there are no resource constraints apart from the bandwidth of the
network. We can program the robot such that it can detect objects and reach them on its own.
Thus, we can make it completely autonomous. Also, with the presence of GPS navigation and
mapping software, the robot has the capability of finding the best route possible to reach a
certain location. Also, by making it sturdier and giving it extra protection, we can make it an
allterrain robot, which would make it ideal for a surveillance robot.
There is also the option of adding sound processing to the remote computer, thus
giving it greater surveillance capabilities.

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The possibilities are endless. This robot in its current state provides a platform for
further research into improving its capabilities.

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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY
This chapter presents the materials, procedures, research design, participants/subject
of the study, instrumentation, data gathering procedures and data analysis in creating the
Arduino Powered Automatic Fluid Dispenser.
Research Design
The study made use of the pre-experimental research design in order to determine the
potential of Arduino in creating an automatic fluid dispenser.
Materials
 Arduino UNO Board

 Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04
 Jumper Wires
 Female and male wires
 Servo Motor
 4 AA Battery
 AA Battery Case
Procedures
1. Gathered all the materials needed in assembling the device, Arduino.
2. In designing an automatic fluid dispenser use a voltage source that comes from a 4
AA Battery that has 1.5 V each to turn on the fluid dispenser.
3. In front of the automatic fluid dispenser, there is the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor. The
ultrasonic sensor is used to detect hands with a distance of approximately 20 to 30 cm
from the sensor. If a human hand has been detected, the sensor will send input to the

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Arduino UNO microcontroller. The Arduino UNO microcontroller is the control main
which has a program to access data from the input of the ultrasonic sensor. Arduino
UNO will send a signal to the servo motor, so that it will spin 180 degrees. The fluid
from the dispenser will be released through a small pipe in front of the appliance.
Arduino Powered Automatic Fluid Dispenser Specification
No. Characteristic Specification

1 Working Voltage Arduino 5V
2 Power 6V
3 Dimension Box
4 Material Carton
5 Fluid Volume 300 ml
Table 1. Device specification
Independent Variable – Arduino Codes
Dependent Variable – Ultrasonic Sensor and Servo Motor
Arduino Program Code
#include <Servo.h>
Servo servo;
int trigPin = 5;
int echoPin = 6; =
int servoPin = 7;
int led= 10;

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long duration, dist, average;
long aver[3]; //array for average
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
servo.attach(servoPin);
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
servo.write(0); //close cap on power on
delay(100);
servo.detach();
void measure() {
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(5);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(15);

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digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
dist = (duration/2) / 29.1; //obtain distance
void loop() {
for (int i=0;i<=2;i++) { //average distance
measure();
aver[i]=dist;
delay(10); //delay between measurements
dist=(aver[0]+aver[1]+aver[2])/3;
if ( dist<30 ) {
//Change distance as per your need
servo.attach(servoPin);
delay(1);
servo.write(0);

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delay(800);
servo.write(180);
delay(200);
servo.detach();
Circuit Design
Ultrasonic Sensor Connections:
 Vcc – 5V
 Trig – digital pin 5
 Echo – digital pin 6
 GND – GND
Servo Motor Connections:
 yellow or orange – digital pin 7
 red – 3.3V
 black – GND
Battery Connections:
 positive – Vin
 negative – GND
Research Locale

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The study was conducted at Mala Weste, a barangay in the municipality of Buguey,
in the province of Cagayan. It is situated at approximately 18.2797, 121.8499, in the island of
Luzon. Elevation at these coordinates is estimated at 9.4 meters or 30.8 feet above mean sea
level. Its population as determined by the 2015 Census was 1,006. This represented 3.33% of
the total population of Buguey.
Respondents/Subjects of the Study
The study has six (6) respondents. The respondents are senior high school students
residing at Zone 3, Mala Weste, Buguey, Cagayan.
The study used Probability Sampling Methods. According to Scribbr, probability
sampling means every member of the population has a chance of being selected. It has four
main types which are Simple Random, Systematic, Stratified and Cluster Sample.
We chose Simple Random Sample in which the sampling frame should include the
whole population. To conduct this type of sampling, you can use tools like random number
generators or other techniques that are based entirely on chance. The Simple Random Sample
is reliable in this study as it includes its ease of use and its accurate representation of the
larger population.
Data Gathering Procedures
To gather the needed data for the study the researchers administered several tests to
determine the capability of device which were performed by the selected respondents. Test I
(Table 2.1), tests the ultrasonic sensing capability of the device when hands are placed at

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specified distance; Test II (Table 2.2) tests the time interval needed by the device to dispense
fluid when hands are place at 20 to 30 cm distance from the sensor; and Test III (Table 2.3)
tests the amount of fluid dispensed by the device for every use.
Administration of the Instrument
The researchers were given the permit to conduct a home-based study wherein they
can include their co-barangays as their respondents. With approval, the researchers personally
meet the respondents and make a test.
Statistical Treatment of Data
The data were collected and tabulated for the purpose of interpretation and analysis of
the study. The statistical treatment is simple percentage.
Chapter IV
DISCUSSION OF FIDINGS

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This chapter discusses the data and results obtained after the accomplishments of the
research methodology.
Test Results
Testing of an automatic fluid dispenser device was done by examining its performance
through administering several tests. It involved placing your hands in the testing component
(ultrasonic sensor) at a certain distance, specifically 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm and 50 cm.
The test was carried out on six (6) senior high school residing at Zone 3, Mala Weste,
Buguey, Cagayan.
Table 1-4. The Success Rate of Automatic Fluid Dispenser
Table 1: Ultrasonic Sensing Test

Respondent Distance of the hand from Ultrasonic sensor
10 cm 20 cm 30 cm 40 cm 50 cm
1 No Yes Yes No No
2 No Yes Yes No No
3 No Yes Yes No No
4 No Yes Yes No No
5 No Yes Yes No No
6 No Yes Yes No No
The table above shows the ultrasonic sensing capability of the device powered by
Arduino to dispense fluid when hands are placed at specific distance. It shows that at the
distance of 20 cm and 30 cm of hand from the Ultrasonic sensor, the device dispensed
alcohol. While at the distance of 10 cm, 40 cm, and 50 cm, of the hand from the dispenser,

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the device did not dispense any liquid. This implies that the device can only sensor the hand
of the respondents at a distance of 20 cm and 30 cm only.
Table 2. Time interval of dispensing fluids

Respondent Time interval of Dispensing fluid at a distance not greater
than 30cm distance of the hand
1sec 2 sec 3 sec 4 sec 5 sec
1 0% 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %
2 0% 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %
3 0% 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %
4 0% 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %
5 0% 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %
6 0% 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 %
Table 2 shows that the time interval needed by the device to dispense fluid at
continuous use given that the hands are placed at 20-30 cm distance among the six
respondents are between 2-5 seconds interval. This means that the device will dispense the
liquid after 1 second time interval.
Table 3. Amount of fluid dispensed

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Respondent Fluid volume dispensed for every use at a distance not

greater than 30 cm
0.05 ml 0.1 ml 0.15 ml 0.20 ml 0.25 ml
1 100 % 0% 0% 0% 0%
2 100 % 0% 0% 0% 0%
3 100 % 0% 0% 0% 0%
4 100 % 0% 0% 0% 0%
5 100 % 0% 0% 0% 0%
6 100 % 0% 0% 0% 0%
The table shows the amount of fluid dispensed by the device in every use. This shows
that at a distance of not greater than 30 cm, the device will dispense 0.05 ml volume of liquid.
This implies that the device is only capable of dispensing 0.05 ml of liquid a certain distance
of not more than 30 cm.

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CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter shows the study’s summary, conclusion, and recommendation. This
presents the final and complete words of the researchers after the thorough analysis of the
study’s findings for the potential of Arduino to dispense fluid automatically.
The main purpose of the study is to determine the capability of Arduino in
automatically dispensing fluids. The study found that the at the distance of 20 cm and 30 cm
of hand from the Ultrasonic sensor, the device dispensed alcohol. The device will also
dispense the liquid after 1 second time interval. In addition, the device is only capable of
dispensing 0.05 ml of liquid a certain distance of not more than 30 cm.
Percentage measurement was used to determine its capability in dispensing liquid
given a certain distance of hand from the sensor.
Conclusion
In light of the research project conducted, it is concluded that the device powered by
Arduino is capable of dispensing liquids. Such conclusion is derived from the Percentage
measurement of the different variables. The null hypothesis was rejected.

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Recommendations
Upon completion of the research project, the researchers highly recommend that the
researchers who wish to conduct a research similar or related to this current study may work
on other variables not included in this current study like energy consumption of the device
when used. The number of respondents may also be increased by including people considered
vulnerable and front liners. It is also highly recommended that instead of battery-powered
dispensing device, the future researchers may ought to shift to Solar-powered device.

Contact No: 09556634787
REFERENCES
[1] Hou-Tsan Lee, Wei-Chuan Lin, Ching-Hsiang Huang, Yu-Jhih Huang, “Wireless indoor
surveillance robot”, in 2011 Proceedings of SICE Annual Conference (SICE), 2011, p. 2164-
2169
[2] Change Zheng, “Mechanical design and control system of a miniature surveillance robot”,
in ICIA '09, International Conference on Information and Automation, 2009, p. 1228- 1233
[3] Kyunghoon Kim, “Intelligent surveillance and security robot systems”, in IEEE
Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts (ARSO), 2010, p. 70- 73
[4] D. Matko, “Image based control of a space surveillance robot”, IEEE International
Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO), 2011, p. 2838- 2843
[5] Ki Sang Hwang, Kyu Jin Park, Do Hyun Kim, Sung-Soo Kim, Sung Ho Park,
“Development of a mobile surveillance robot”, in ICCAS '07, International Conference on
Control, Automation and Systems, 2007, p. 2503- 2508
[6] Christian Hernández, Raciel Poot, Lizzie Narváez, Erika Llanes and Victor Chi, “Design
and Implementation of a System for Wireless Control of a Robot”, IJCSI International
Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 7, Issue 5, September 2010
[7] Mejdl Safran and Steven Haar, “Arduino and Android Powered Object Tracking Robot”.
[Online]. Available: http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/mejdl/Publications/Android_Arduino_Robot.
pdf

Contact No: 09556634787
[8] Android Developers Site [Online]. Available: http://developer.android.com/index.html,
2012
[9] Android Developers Site on USB Host [Online]. Available:
http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/usb/host.html, November 2012
[10] Android Developers Site API Guides [Online]. Available:
http://developer.android.com/guide/components/index.html, October 2012
[11] The Arduino Uno Website [Online]. Available:
http://arduino.cc/en/Main/arduinoBoardUno, September 2012
[12] Arduino Language Reference [Online]. Available:
http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/HomePage, September 2012
[13] Shiffman, Daniel (September 23, 2009). "Interview with Casey Reas and Ben Fry".
Rhizome.org
[14] The Java Tutorials: All About Sockets [Online]. Available:
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/networking/sockets, March 2013
[15] Android USB Host + Arduino: How to communicate without rooting your Android
Tablet or Phone [Online]. Available: http://android.serverbox.ch/?p=549, September 2012
[16] How do I use my smart phone camera as a webcam in MATLAB? On the MATLAB
forums [Online]. Available: http://www.mathworks.in/matlabcentral/answers/12036, February
2013

Contact No: 09556634787
[17] L293D Datasheet- Texas Instruments – Quadruple Half- H Driver [Online] Available:
http://www.alldatasheet.com/datasheetpdf/pdf/27189/TI/L293D.html, October 2012
[18] IP Webcam, Google Play [Online]. Available: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?
id=com.pas.webcam&hl=e n, February 2012.
[19] (2013) Creating Graphical User Interfaces in MATLAB. On the Mathworks website
[Online]. Available: http://www.mathworks.com/discovery/matlab-gui.html, February 2013

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Research Project Arduino Powered Automatic Fluid Dispenser

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Research Project Arduino Powered Automatic Fluid Dispenser

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Republic of the Philippines

A. Background of the Study

The Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly virulent pathogen that originated

economy of most nations as well.

Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome

Address: Centro, Buguey, Cagayan

transmission. By denaturing proteins, alcohol inactivates enveloped viruses, including

effect against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.

hand-pushed dispensers in every establishments before someone is allowed to enter. With

of cross-contamination. Moreover, each person presses hand sanitizer differently, making it

difficult to measure the amount used to manage refills and replacements.

Address: Centro, Buguey, Cagayan

Mechanical and electrical dispensers (having a pushbutton) increase our

the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc. The board is

volts. It is similar to the Arduino Nano and Leonardo.

Address: Centro, Buguey, Cagayan

and other hand-associated infections especially in densely populated developing countries

B. Statement of the Problem

Generally, this study aimed to determine the capability of Arduino in automatically

Specifically, this study aimed to:

1. Determine if the device automatically dispenses fluid through ultrasonic sensor.

a. Distance of the hand

c. Time interval of dispensing fluid

3. Determine the amount of fluid dispensed in every use.

Arduino powered fluid dispenser is not capable of automatically dispensing fluids.

Address: Centro, Buguey, Cagayan

D. Significance of the Study

plastic containers which up to now contributes to environmental waste issues.

relevantly conduct their study.

E. Scope and Delimitation

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F. Time and Locale of the Study

G. Conceptual /Theoretical Framework

The Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model is a functional graph that identifies the

Address: Centro, Buguey, Cagayan

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework

1. Arduino – is an open-source electronic prototyping platform enabling users to create

interactive electronic objects.

2. Capability – the power or ability to do something.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV).

Address: Centro, Buguey, Cagayan

4. Beta-coronavirus – is one of four genera of coronavirus. Member viruses are enveloped,

are bats and rodents.

5. Cross-Contamination – the process by which bacteria or other microorganisms are

7. Servo Motor – is the most common position-controlled actuator. It works on the

conventional servo-mechanism principle, where a rotary potentiometer measures the position

of the shaft based on the varying resistance and feeds it to a comparator.

8. Dispenser – an automatic machine or container which is designed to release a specific

9. Microcontroller – is a small computer on a single metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS)

along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals.

Address: Centro, Buguey, Cagayan

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology

Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, India.

Abstract— We propose a cost-effective four-wheeled surveillance robot using an

leveraged and used to advantage through APIs (Application Programming Interfaces)

Address: Centro, Buguey, Cagayan

eliminating the need for extra DSP hardware on the robot.

Keywords— Surveillance Robots, Android, Arduino, Video streaming.

Surveillance is the process of monitoring a situation, an area or a person. This

is essential to a country’s safety. Human surveillance is achieved by deploying personnel near

Address: Centro, Buguey, Cagayan