Matcu& Deftminab

Umut -

Maluix A mn mauix u uuualy W ALt a a

al an
A aal a2 aLn
Caml Onnn Amn mn
Jne maüx Cam be expALe jaN A ai
wh ai u ThiL elem t The (T A d 3 o u i n s
Matax Crm es d e u neas AAgebns.
nea
i en Algebra Consia o AReo 4 arlcai
ysten o e onea tatam ahon ad e e nlus Pohlen
n e a s Algebhe, t make atemehic use od
Mau s Deteminat was t duasl salw
suten i c a equahr a d have wpontat engine
aMi cah mnd n ysten ditelakid equahim
Some n Dknah'ms
J Ro Matux- Am adu x,Aaviore h d 4 a

mmbwo Cumn,
Called a r marx or h
Vect e A2, 5 3
G Maux A maix, Rav one Celm

& G nunsbt o As, U Columwy m Colum Vecl

A
e 3
3 Zeu Null Maü x ' , A Maux , whou all
elem e as Zus
A = 0 O

O
 wCh L MUmbew
Squa Maux- A mcix in
t T no oCelumnd.
ws u equal
23 2 3
e8 ,6

tn all
S. Diagond M
4qua Manx,
adxA
Zeh0 s
a t l e a l @ne
Piagma elem e
a l
On
eleme unm-
Zto
diaganal
2 0
O
maax w L
Tdenh t Matux A duagon al I
6. Unt o
by
a
u and t denoteal
all Diagonalel emtly

e
MaMx,
L whe a l
1 SCalu m a x A quae
eleme a equal
Diagonet
e

Aquas MaAx
m
ppTuamsulas Mau'x -A
,

8 au
elcm e b e l The dagonal
hch all T h
Zeho
2 3
et O
3
 DW Tiapul MMxLA sq uas Maux, wiu C
c
elemely aboN Ie diag m alb a Ze0

e: 2
3 3
ha of a Malù x T su,n o alu TL dugmal
elemel 4 q u a maix

A
e9
4 2

Trau A 2 t2 + 2 6
A mais ebtauned by
I Tha po Maix
Columns d a
mux 6
tnchAy hau A
dented 4 A A 3
2 A
e A = 2 4
3

re A a m N
theA
myth Tn m

12. Stm moic Maux- A 89s maw A A=ais

Called 4mwmenC y alj a j i I J
e A E AT
-3i
4
e:1
43 -3i 43

13. Skew - Sypmmaic Maix A 8qua manix

Caled Ske- 'mmeo y
A man
aij ai 113 e A A
us T duajonal Aemetb 4Ke-sjmmeic au all Zn0
 4
e4 3
O-3
O0
-9
14. Cnyugati ef a Madax

A A -1+3 25
1-i

-S1 8
A 1-3i
ti
a Mtik- Te Couyalu
15. Thadpoded, Cojugai d Ths
a maix A b Called
Cfagali A
a a
Thansbosc of
tashoud
Cnujal f
o
apase
Cnyuga
deoted y A a
it
A
(A)-(A
2t3 3 +4
1-2 6-7 i
A St6i
e 4t5
8
y-5
1t2i S-6 7-8
A a-3i

3-
6t7i
 Malux'
Hehahan 4 Skes Hoihan
m a u x , mew A
Let A ais n 4uAL

Hehd 1 ci) A A
a i j - aTi

Cil) A- A
AEA -A

} i) A
Ske H enah a aJ -

Cin) aij
Cii) A -AT
ma
m ai
X x
Hemiha
Heimihas

elemes d a
diagna
A o a S k e s - H

emban
m n h a n

nL heal o a S k e s
-H
eleme
eleme

diagmal imaga
AR Purely
(ti)
mu X a
Zeno o
3ty
3

e- A 3-4
-3i

Hemha MauX

Ske -Hja
a 3t41

3
-3t4

31
-5
Ornog bnal and Unity Malix
theJ A a

be a qual maux,
Le A (i)nn
Drthogonma maux
A'A=Ln
AAT
e A A
Tu m u cs A 4 A nL DDo09anal
(Ffon neal maux)
AA A,A o

AA AjA-0 ( Cple max

max

A maiy uUnrany maix

AA==AA t n
uhe A {A)
e A AO
e0gnna Aard A
Oblevahon 1 A
ant also Onlhegmal
the A =t
A Otu gonal
2
Max A u
1 Detemina o a

Auas maix,he detum

d e t m nat

as A
3 h ]a|= 2 3
A 23 3
L .1
19 Smyuw Nn Sinalas MNx
MaiX-
A 3qua maix A À Call e Suig ula /A =0

Ond -Sisulas Alt0

mUnor d a eleme o a Detemna

A al

a
2
a2
a13
a3
a33
a 22
a22 a23
mdn elem al =
a32 a33

a21 a23
m'n elem al2
3 a3

hun elem a3 a aa
a3 a3a

elemat Detemnat.
adr d a

elern a aj a deftm'na-
Cador o an

i nou mulhbluiel by (-1)

Ctaltor o a (-1)*22 a13

C32 a33

1+ aa a13
cdac al (- a a33
H
S
 Fnd 3 and
3
6/4 a+

-2W zt 3
An 3,
2

4, 3 l, -3

Aandand B a ontogon al makx t e Pa

JAat AB uOnthgm a m aux
AS ODw qm
Cnive AAT ATA
BBT
I
-B B I
=

3 maix

ABi DAtwgnal makix

To Pao = T
(AB(A2)
(AB) (AB)T
-
ABB'AT
ABBTAT

(AB) (BTAT)
(AB) (A) A8) -AIA'=AA

BTATA BIB -BB

AB)TCA)
. AB Ont gmal.
 quam m aix fA Can bu wnite
Phove a t a
t h Um e Hemihaw Ske- Hetmhia Maix
a
Tahe B (At A
(A-A)
The B'
a+) (+)
ATR)4(Ft n')-B
Bu a H e ia maax.

Agi c 4(n-R) (nA)

C
- A (-A') =

-c
Skes H CAmha. Mau'x.

that y A4 a Hemia Ma the

P A PA
SKew- Heamhas Makix
IA) a

f A
Heumwian M aWx

": A A

To PNv (ia) A

Ns
(iA) (TA) -I -1
= -iA

Ths,in) ib a Skeo- Humh a Maiix

 A t+ 3
5 Shad hat
4-2
AAU a
Heniha Matkix.
So- we Rare
A =A= -
3
1-3 t2i

AA Ca+i 3 -1+3i 2-
3
-S -21
L1-3 4+i
20+2 wch u H eAmdha
Maux
20-2 J

Phove anal
am maRix ai/3 Untaay
9
. ai|3

Set Ler A-2

La
A (A) a
a
A
A 3 1
-ai s 3

21
- +i
L3-
a i i 3-i
4i-2i4i+2it
-i-yi

-4i4-1
- 4i-21*+9i +2i*