RELATIVE CLAUSES

 RELATIVE PRONOUNS
o WHO PEOPLE
o WHICH THINGS
o THAT  BOTH PEOPLE AND THINGS --WE WON’T USE IT
 OTHER PRONOUNS
o WHOSE POSSESSION
o WHERE PLACES
o WHEN TIME
 REMEMBER THAT RELATIVE SENTENCES ARE COMPOUND SENTENCES. THEREFORE, 2
DIFFERENT MAIN VERBS
 USUALLY THE SECOND SENTENCE GIVES US INFORMATION ABOUT THE FIRST ONE
 RELATIVE PRONOUNS FOLLOW THEIR ANTECEDENT (THE WORD THEY REFER TO AND
REPLACE)
 E.g.
o THIS IS THE MAN. I SAW HIM YESTERDAY
 THIS IS THE MAN WHO I SAW YESTERDAY
o THE TEACHER WAS HAPPY. HE HAD WON THE LOTTERY
 THE TEACHER WHO HAD WON THE LOTTERY WAS HAPPY
o THE TEACHER WAS HAPPY. HIS STUDENTS HAD PASSED THE EXAM
 THE TEACHER WHOSE STUDENTS HAD PASSED THE EXAM WAS HAPPY

DIFFERENT TYPES OF RELATIVE SENTENCES

 DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

o They give us IMPORTANT information. They are needed for the fully
understanding of the sentence.
 This is the man who came yesterday.
 The student who is from Argentina is very friendly
o Relative pronouns can be omitted when they work as the object of the
sentence.
a) The man who came yesterday was very sad.= The man came
yesterday. He was very sad
b) Those are the pencils which/that I bought yesterday.= Those are the
pencils. I bought them (the pencils) yesterday.
 Those are the pencils I bought yesterday.
 NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
o They give us EXTRA information.
 The Eiffel Tower, which is in Paris, was built in xxxx
 This is my new car, which is a Ferrari.
 Brenda, who is from Argentina, is very friendly.
 The students who passed the exam are happy.
 John and Mary, who passed the exam, are happy.