“MICRO MACHINING”

ABSTRACT
The miniaturization of products and their manufacturing processes is considered one of the key
trends in technology development. Micro mechanical parts tend to be rugged, respond rapidly,
use little power, occupy a small volume, and are often much less expensive than conventional
macro parts, added to that they have high thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability. Micro
machining technologies make devices ranging in size from a dozen millimeters to a dozen
microns. These techniques combined with wafer bonding and boron diffusion allows complex
mechanical devices to be fabricated. The Lithographie, Galvanoformung, And Abformung
(LIGA) technology makes miniature parts with spectacular accuracy. The report also deals with
conventional methods such as laser machining. Micromachining and nanotechnology play an
increasing decisive role in the miniaturization of components ranging from biomedical
applications to chemical microreactors and sensors. Introduction to micromachining and
nanofabrication is presented as the key technology in microelectromechanical systems. Present
status of micromachining and nanofabrication has also been described. Different advance
techniques used for micromachining are also discussed for providing basic backgrounds to the
readers. Fundamental features of electrochemical micromachining is presented. Possibility of
utilizing electrochemical technology for microsystems and nanofabrication has also been
reported. Some of the techniques utilized for nanofabrication are also represented. The role of
scanning tunneling microscope and atomic force microscope in fabrication of nanofeatures as
well as nanostructure has been introduced, which will open up a new horizon for nanotechnology
applications.

REFERENCES
[1] Gietzelt T et al “Mechanical Machining by Drilling, Milling and Slotting”, Micromachining
Techniques for Fabrication of Micro and Nano Structures. InTech, 159-182, 2020

[2] Cheng K et al “Design of a 5-Axis Ultra precision Micro Milling Machine – Ultra Mill”,
International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 47(9-12), 867-877, 2021

Name:Abdul Khader Shanan

USN: 4DM19ME001 Signature of the guide

 “AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION IN CAR”
ABSTRACT
The transmission is a device that is connected to the back of the engine and sends the power from
the engine to the drive wheels. An automobile engine runs at its best at a certain RPM
(Revolutions Per Minute) range and it is the transmission's job to make sure that the power is
delivered to the wheels while keeping the engine within that range. It does this through various
gear combinations. In first gear, the engine turns much faster in relation to the drive wheels,
while in high gear the engine is loafing even though the car may be going in excess of 70
MPH. In addition to the various forward gears, a transmission also has a neutral position, which
disconnects the engine from the drive wheels, and reverse, which causes the drive wheels to turn
in the opposite direction allowing you to back up.

REFERENCES
[1] Chetan malavatkar et al “Review on Automatic Gear Shifting Systems”, International Journal
of Creative Research Thoughts, Volume 6, Issue 2 April 2020, ISSN: 2320-2882.

[2] K Gokul Vasan et al “Automated Gear Transmission for Manual Gear Cars”, International
Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-4S2,
December 2021.

Name:Waleed BM

USN: 4DM19ME089 Signature of the guide