Miscellaneous

and
Multiple bias
configurations

Discussed by:
JAY-R M. BALLON, EdD
 • Discuss Multiple bias configurations

Specific – RC Coupling
– Darlington pair
Objective – Cascode
– Current Mirrors
 R-C Coupled BJT Amplifiers
• Is probably the most common.
• The collector output of one stage is fed directly into the base of the
next stage using a coupling capacitor CC .
• The capacitor is chosen to ensure that it will block dc between the
stages and act like a short circuit to any ac signal.
R-C Coupled BJT
Amplifiers
DC equivalent of Fig
 • A Resistance Capacitance (RC) Coupled
What is a Amplifier is basically a multi-stage
amplifier circuit extensively used in
RC- electronic circuits.
• Here the individual stages of the
coupled amplifier are connected together using
a resistor–capacitor combination due
amplifier? to which it bears its name as RC
Coupled.
RC coupled amplifier Circuit
 Applications of RC Coupled Amplifier
• The applications of a RC coupled amplifier include:
1. RF Communications.
2. Optical Fiber Communications.
3. Public address systems as pre-amplifiers.
4. Controllers.
5. Radio or TV Receivers as small signal amplifiers
 Darlington Pair
Feeds the output of one stage directly into the input of
the succeeding stage.
Darlington
Amplifier
circuit
DC
Equivalent
 What is a Darlington Transistor?

• A Darlington transistor (also known as a Darlington

pair) is an electronics component made via the
combination of two BJTs (Bipolar Junction Transistor)
connected in such a way that it allows a very high
amount of current gain.
• This is achieved through a compounding amplification,
whereby the current is amplified by the first transistor
and then further amplified by the second transistor.
Application of Darlington pair into a single Darlington transistor
 Cascode
Ties the collector of one transistor to the emitter of the
other. In essence it is a voltage divider network with a
common-base configuration at the collector.

The result is a network with a high gain and a reduced

Miller capacitance+

A cascode amplifier has a high gain, moderately high input

impedance, high output impedance, and a high bandwidth.
Cascoded Configuration
 Feedback Pair
• Employs both an NPN and PNP transistor.
• The result is a configuration that provides
high gain with increased stability.
Feedback pair amplifier and DC equivalent
 These are some benefits of Sziklai pair over
the Darlington pair.

The quiescent current required for sziklai

pair is less for good linear operation.
Sziklai Pair
Thermal stability of Darlington pair less than
vs the Sziklai pair.
Darlington
Pair The response time of the Sziklai pair is
larger.

To turn on Sziklai needs voltage equal to

normal transistor but Darlington needs
double voltage as input
2 types of
Sziklai Pair
Direct-Coupled (DC) Amplifier
 The applications of DC amplifiers

The applications of DC amplifiers include computers,

regulator circuits¸ TV receivers, and other electronic devices.

This amplifier can build differential amplifiers as well as

operational amplifiers.

These amplifiers can be used in pulse amplifiers, differential

amplifiers,

These amplifiers can be used in controlling of Jet engine,

regulators in power supply. etc
Current
Mirror
Applications
of Current
Mirror Circuit
• There are wide applications
of Current Mirror Circuit in
the field of integrated circuit
manufacturing.
• The reference current
source is created using the
current mirror circuit.
• By using this technique,
multiple reference points
can be created from a single
source. Hence, changing
one reference point also
change the current source
across different parts of the
circuit.
 Application of
Various Transistor
Circuit
configuration

• Designing Electronic
Controller Board
Designing Integrated Circuit
 Reference

• Boylestad, R. L. (2014). Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory 11e.

Pearson Education Limited.
• Links
• https://www.electrical4u.com/rc-coupled-amplifier/
• https://www.electrical4u.com/darlington-transistor/
• https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/semiconductors/chpt-
4/cascode-amplifier/
• https://circuitdigest.com/electronic-circuits/sziklai-transistor-pair
• https://www.elprocus.com/dc-amplifier-circuit-diagram-
characteristics-applications/
• https://circuitdigest.com/tutorial/current-mirror-circuit