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Anatomy & physiology

The correct answer for each question is indicated by a .

1 INCORRECT Anatomy is a term, which means the study of _____.

A)physiology

B)morphology

Page | 1 C)cell functions

D)human functions

Feedback: Incorrect: The study of human functions is physiology.

2 INCORRECT The study dealing with the explanations of how an organ works would be an example of _____.
A)anatomy

B)cytology
C)Teleology
D)physiology

Feedback: Incorrect: Anatomy is the study of structure.

The process of turning molecules that are ingested into forms that are compatible with the organism is
3 INCORRECT
_____.
A)Digestion

B)absorption

C)assimilation

D)circulation

Feedback: Incorrect: Molecules undergo absorption into the blood.

4 INCORRECT The exchanging of gases for the purpose of producing energy is called _____.

A)Breathing

B)respiration

C)Circulation

D)responsiveness

Feedback: Incorrect: The physical acts of inhaling and exhaling are called breathing.

5 INCORRECT The removal of a compound that the body no longer requires is called _____.

A)secretion

B)excretion

C)movement

D)digestion

Feedback: Incorrect: The catalysis of food substrates is called digestion.

6 CORRECT When a nurse takes someone's temperature, they are directly assessing a _____.

A)metabolic activity

B)sign of illness

C)vital sign

D)core temperature

Feedback: Correct Answer: A vital sign is an observable piece of evidence, such as blood pressure,
that a person is functioning correctly.

7 INCORRECT The following are essential needs of the body except which one?

A)water

B)chemicals

C)set point
 2: D)pressure

Feedback: Incorrect: Water is an essential need.

8 INCORRECT The force that water exerts on a system is referred to as the ________.

A)hydrophilic factor

B)hydrostatic pressure
Page | 2 C)atmospheric pressure

D)osmotic pressure

Feedback: Incorrect: Osmotic pressure is a force that draws water towards it.

9 INCORRECT The transportation of heat in the body is mainly a property of the _____ it contains.

A)food

B)oxygen

C)water

D)pressure

Feedback: Incorrect: Oxygen never acts as a heat transporter.

The process in which cells and organisms are able to maintain a stable balance of internal and external
10 CORRECT
substances and forces is called _____.
A)equilibrium

B)adaptation

C)adjustment

D)homeostasis

Feedback: Correct Answer: Homeostasis is a physiological term for the apparent stability that
exists within an organism; equilibrium is not exactly the same because equilibrium implies that
substances are equal in and outside a cell, when in a homeostatic sense they are not equal but
they are "normal".

11 INCORRECT The following is an example of a homeostatic event.

A)sweating during a test

B)shivering when it is cold

C)developing a headache

D)muscle strain

Feedback: Incorrect: A headache is a pathophysiologic condition.

12 INCORRECT The following are examples of homeostatic parameters or body values except which one?

A)heart rate

B)blood pressure

C)blood glucose levels

D)insulin production

Feedback: Incorrect: Insulin production responds precisely to fluctuations in blood glucose.

13 INCORRECT A decrease in blood glucose that causes the inhibition of insulin is an example of _____.

A)positive feedback

B)negative feedback

C)abnormal function

D)the action of glucagon

Feedback: Incorrect: The action of glucagon is direct, to decrease blood glucose levels.

14 INCORRECT The following is an example of positive feedback:

A)glucagon raises blood sugar

 3: B)insulin lowers blood glucose

C)a temperature of 100.2F causes a further increase

D)100.1F is followed by 98.6F

Feedback: Incorrect: Insulin lowers blood glucose directly through cell membrane channels.

15 INCORRECT A system is defined as a group of _____ that function together.

Page | 3 A)cells

B)tissues

C)molecules

D)organs

Feedback: Incorrect: Cells are comprised of organelles and molecules.

16 CORRECT The structures called _____ are intracellular areas with specific living functions.

A)inclusions

B)organs

C)organelles

D)macromolecules

Feedback: Correct Answer: Organelles are structures that are associated with complex functions
such protein synthesis or energy production; inclusions are usually structures with an unknown or
unspecified function.

17 INCORRECT Proteins and carbohydrates are classified as _____.

A)macromolecules

B)microbes

C)organelles

D)atoms

Feedback: Incorrect: Microbes are microscopic organisms such as bacteria.

18 INCORRECT The following belong together except which one?

A)head

B)arm

C)neck

D)trunk

Feedback: Incorrect: The arm is part of the appendicular portion while the head, arm and neck are
axial.

19 CORRECT Simple squamous epithelium is a _____ term.

A)tissue

B)cell

C)organ

D)pathology

Feedback: Correct Answer: Epithelium is a type of tissue; a pathology is a disease condition.

20 INCORRECT The _____ separates the thoracic from abdominal cavities.

A)pelvis

B)rib cage

C)diaphragm

D)peritoneum

Feedback: Incorrect: The pelvis is a structure with a cavity within it.

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21 CORRECT The following belong together except which one?

A)brain

B)vertebral canal

C)spinal cord

D)stomach
V
Page | 4
Feedback: Correct Answer: The first three are components of the dorsal cavity while the stomach
is in the ventral space.

22 CORRECT The heart lies specifically in the _____ space.

A)thoracic cavity

B)mediastinum

C)abdominal cavity

D)pleural cavity

Feedback: Correct Answer: The mediastinum is the space in the middle of the thoracic cavity that
does not contain the lungs (pleural).

23 INCORRECT The orbital cavity would contain the _____.

A)eyes

B)nasal septum

C)brain

D)teeth

Feedback: Incorrect: The nasal septum is within the nasal cavity.

24 CORRECT The following are correct cavity terms except which one?

A)oral

B)nasal

C)frontal

D)middle ear

Feedback: Correct Answer: There is a frontal sinus but no frontal cavity.

25 INCORRECT Another name for the cavity in the front or belly side is _____ .

A)dorsal

B)ventral

C)abdominopelvic

D)vertebral

Feedback: Incorrect: The dorsal cavity is posterior.

26 INCORRECT The _____ membranes surround the lungs.

A)pericardial

B)mediastinal

C)pleural

D)peritoneal

Feedback: Incorrect: The mediastinum is a space which includes the heart

27 INCORRECT Which of the following would not be lined by peritoneum?

A)heart

B)stomach

C)intestines

D)liver
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Feedback: Incorrect: The stomach, intestines and liver are covered with the peritoneum.

28 INCORRECT The following are sinus areas except which one?

A)frontal

B)maxillary

C)ethmoid
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D)cranial

Feedback: Incorrect: Cranial is used properly as a cavity; there are frontal, maxillary, ethmoid,
sphenoid and mastoid sinuses.

29 INCORRECT The _____ system plays a role in moving fluids, wastes, and bones?

A)skeletal

B)integumentary

C)muscular

D)nervous

Feedback: Incorrect: The integumentary system is the skin.

30 CORRECT The skin belongs to the _____ system.

A)nervous

B)integumentary

C)circulatory

D)muscular

Feedback: Correct Answer: The integument, or skin, includes the tissues that cover the entire
body.

31 CORRECT Integration and coordination are properties of the _____ system of organs.

A)nervous

B)circulatory

C)excretory

D)muscular

Feedback: Correct Answer: The brain and nerves control and regulate all of the information
relayed to and from the organs; normal functions such as integration and coordination could not
occur without nerve impulses.

32 INCORRECT Hormones are chemicals of the _____ system that affect target areas.

A)cardiovascular

B)endocrine

C)exocrine

D)nervous

Feedback: Incorrect: Exocrine glands have ducts, such as the salivary glands.

33 INCORRECT The following belong together except which one?

A)pituitary

B)thyroid

C)brain

D)adrenal

Feedback: Incorrect: The pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands are part of the endocrine system.

34 INCORRECT The following belong together except which one?

A)trachea

B)bronchi
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C)esophagus

D)larynx

Feedback: Incorrect: The trachea, bronchi, and larynx belong to the respiratory system.

35 INCORRECT Parts of the pharynx belong to the _____ and digestive systems.

A)respiratory
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B)circulatory

C)nervous

D)skeletal

Feedback: Incorrect: The pharynx is not part of the circulatory system.

36 INCORRECT The larynx is a term in the _____ system.

A)integumentary

B)respiratory

C)digestive

D)nervous

Feedback: Incorrect: Larynx is the voicebox which belongs in the respiratory system; it does not
have any integumentary components.

37 INCORRECT The _____ system returns tissue fluids to the heart.

A)circulatory

B)lymphatic

C)integumentary

D)histologic

Feedback: Incorrect: The circulatory system is a closed system of vessels.

38 INCORRECT The function of the _____ is to remove soluble wastes from the body.

A)lungs

B)gastrointestinal tract

C)kidneys

D)skin

Feedback: Incorrect: The main function of the urinary system is to eliminate water and soluble
waste chemicals such as urea; the lungs eliminate CO2 and water.

39 INCORRECT The following are components of the excretory system except which one?

A)lungs

B)large intestine

C)integument

D)salivary glands

Feedback: Incorrect: Elimination of wastes is a function of the lungs, large intestine, and
integument.

40 CORRECT The bulbourethral glands would be found in the _____ system.

A)reproductive

B)excretory

C)circulatory

D)endocrine

Feedback: Correct Answer: The bulbourethral glands secrete a mucus for reproductive purposes.

41 INCORRECT A tumor on top of the head would be on the _____ surface.

 7: A)inferior

B)superior

C)medial

D)lateral

Feedback: Incorrect: Inferior refers to a lower area.

Page | 7 42 INCORRECT The navel is located on the _____ surface.

A)cranial

B)ventral

C)dorsal

D)inferior

Feedback: Incorrect: Dorsal means back.

43 INCORRECT The wrist is _____ to the fingers with respect to the elbow.

A)distal

B)inferior

C)superior

D)proximal

Feedback: Incorrect: Inferior means below.

44 INCORRECT The wrist is the _____ part of the hand region.

A)proximal

B)distal

C)superior

D)inferior

Feedback: Incorrect: Distal refers to something away from a relative center point of reference.

45 INCORRECT A medial tumor on the head could be on the _____.

A)ear

B)cheeks

C)nose

D)eye

Feedback: Incorrect: The ear is lateral.

46 INCORRECT The arms lie on the _____ surface of the trunk.

A)medial

B)lateral

C)distal

D)posterior

Feedback: Incorrect: Distal refers to distant, such as the hand is distal to the elbow.

47 INCORRECT A _____ section divides the body into right and left.

A)coronal

B)transverse

C)sagittal

D)frontal

Feedback: Incorrect: A coronal section divides the body into front and back.

48 CORRECT A _____ section divides an organ into top and bottom.

 8: A)sagittal

B)oblique

C)coronal

D)transverse

Feedback: Correct Answer: Transverse sections are horizontal cuts made through the shortest
diameter.
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49 CORRECT Which of the following is the same as inguinal?

A)epigastric

B)hypochondriac

C)lumbar

D)iliac

Feedback: Correct Answer: Iliac is the same lower area as the inguinal.

50 INCORRECT The lower ribs are below the _____ region.

A)lumbar

B)epigastric

C)hypogastric

D)hypochondriac

Feedback: Incorrect: The hypogastric region contains the area above the urinary bladder.

51 INCORRECT The central abdominal area is the _____ region.

A)iliac

B)hypogastric

C)peritoneal

D)umbilical

Feedback: Incorrect: The hypogastric region contains the area above the urinary bladder.

52 INCORRECT A _____ fracture occurred in the elbow area.

A)dorsum

B)buccal

C)carpal

D)cubital

Feedback: Incorrect: The dorsum is the posterior surface of the hand.

53 INCORRECT The forearm is a/an _____ area.

A)antecubital

B)antebrachial

C)cephalic

D)crural

Feedback: Incorrect: Crural refers to leg or part of the penis.

54 CORRECT A _____ fracture occurred in the hip area.

A)gluteal

B)lumbar

C)costal

D)coxal

Feedback: Correct Answer: Coxa is the name of the hip bone; costal refers to the ribs.

55 INCORRECT A mental tumor could be one in the _____.

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A)brain

B)thigh

C)jaw

D)leg

Feedback: Incorrect: The term for brain is encephalon.

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56 INCORRECT A cervical lesion could be on the uterus or _____.

A)neck

B)cheek

C)armpit

D)abdomen

Feedback: Incorrect: The term for cheek is buccal.

57 INCORRECT A headache is an example of a _____ pain.

A)celiac

B)femoral

C)cephalic

D)gluteal

Feedback: Incorrect: Celiac is used for a blood vessel or abdominal nerve area.