WORKSHEET-5

vz
MATHEMATICS (Book-II) Ex #. 2.9, 2.10, 3.1

Worksheet-5
1. Graphically  y represents: USE THIS SPACE FOR
A. Rise in function when x changes to x   x SCRATCH WORK
B. Rise in tangent when x changes to x   x
C. The rate of change of y when x change to x   x
D. The average change in y when x changes to x   x
8
1 
2. Given that y   x  5  , find the approximate
4 
change in y as x increases from 12 to 12  p, where
p is small:
A. 8 p B. 256 p
C. 256 p D. 8p
3. The function y  3  3x  x for x  0 has a minimum
3

value at:
A. (1, 5) B. (–1, 1 )
C. (3, 4) D. (2, 2)
4. A particle moves in a straight line with velocity
V   4  t 2  ms 1 where t is a time in seconds after
passing through a fixed point on the line, the
acceleration of particle after 4 seconds is:
A. - 8ms-2 B. -4ms-2
C. -8ms-1 D. -4ms-1
5. Tangent at x  0 does not exist for which of the
following functions.

A. B.

C. D.

6. f  x0   x   f  x0   f   x0   x therefore, the
9
approximate value of sin is:
10

A. B. 0
10
 9
C. D.
10 10

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MATHEMATICS (Book-II) Ex #. 2.9, 2.10, 3.1

7. The minimum value of f  x   3sin x  4cos x is: USE THIS SPACE FOR
SCRATCH WORK
A. 5 B.  5
C. 7 D.  7
8. A particles trajectory in space is given by
x  8t  2t 2 , y  12t  t 3 , z  4 . The particle is at rest at
the point:
A.  0,0,0 B.  0,0, 4
C. 8,16, 4 D. None of these
9. If f   x   0 and f   x  does not change its sign on
either side of that point, then it is a point of:
A. Maxima B. Minima
C. Extrema D. Inflection
10. A point where f  x  is neither increasing nor
decreasing provided f   x   0 is known as:
A. Stationary point B. Critical point
C. Turning point D. None of these
11. A particles trajectory in space is given by
t3
x  t  1, y  sin t , z   4 , acceleration of particle
3
will be zero at:
A. t  1 B. t  0
C. t  2 D. t  4
12. A production company is capable of producing 600
units in a day and the daily cost of producing x units
400
in a day is given by C  x   150  0.01x  . How
x
many units per day should they produce in order to
minimize production cost:
A. 300 B. 100
C. 150 D. 200
13. f  x   e is always:
x

A. Increasing B. Decreasing
C. Periodic D. None of these
d
14. x  1 does not exist for:
dx
A. x  0 B. x  1
C. x  1 D. None of these

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MATHEMATICS (Book-II) Ex #. 2.9, 2.10, 3.1

15. A curve y = x3 + ax + b has gradient 3 at the point USE THIS SPACE FOR
(2, 7), then (a, b) = SCRATCH WORK
A.  2,7  B.  9,17 
C.  2,17  D.  9, 17 
16. If y  x 4  4 x 3 then:
3
A. ymin  2  32 B. ymin    13
2
C. ymin 3  27 D. ymin  4  39
 x2 if x0
17. The function f  x    has:
x if x0
A. Tangent line at  0,0 B. Maxima at  0,0
C. Derivative "0" at  0,0 D. Minimum value at  0,0
18. The radius of a circle increases at a rate of 3cm s 1 .
Find the rate of increase in the area when the area is
4 cm :
2

A. 30  cm2 s 1 B. 12  cm2 s 1
C. 24 cm2 s 1 D. 10 cm 2 s 1
19. The minimum value of f  x   4cos x  3 is:
A.  1 B. 2
C.  2 D. 1
20. If f  x0   x   f  x0   f   x0   x therefore, the
approximate value of 5 31 is:
A. 2.125 B. 1.875
C. 1.125 D. 1.987
21. The interval in which f  x   sin x is decreasing:
 
A.   ,   B. , 
2 
     
C.  ,  D.  0, 
 2 2  2
22. The point on the graph of the curve y  4  x 2 which
is closest to the point  3, 4 is:
A.  2,0 B.  2,0
C.  0, 4 D. 1,3

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MATHEMATICS (Book-II) Ex #. 2.9, 2.10, 3.1

23. An open tank of square base of side x and vertical USE THIS SPACE FOR
sides is to be constructed to contain a given quantity SCRATCH WORK
of water. The depth " h " in terms of x if the expense
of lining the inside of the tank with lead will be least
is:
A. h  2 x B. h  x
x
C. h  D. h  x
2
24. A stationary point x is a relative extremum of
y  f  x  if:
A. f   x   0 B. f   x   0
C. f   x   0 D. f   x   0
25. The function f  x   loga x2 has a minimum value at:
A. x  0 B. x  2
C. x  R D. None of these
26. The curve y  xy  x  4  0 has a vertical tangent
2 2

at:
A. x  y B. x  2 y
1
C. x   y D. x  2 y
2
The tangent to the curve f  x    x  1 is parallel to
x
27.
the x  axis at:
A. x  1 B. x  0
C. x  e D. x  1
log x
28. The maximum value of f  x   is:
x
2
A. 1 B.
e
1
C. e D.
e
29. The maximum value of the function sin x 1  cos x 
over the interval 0,   is:
3 3
A. 3 B.
4
C. 4 D. 3 3
30. If y  4 x  5 is a tangent to the curve y 2  ax3  b at
 2,3 , then:
A. a  2, b  7 B. a  2, b  7
C. a  2, b  7 D. a  2, b  7

Your STEP Towards A Brighter Future! 276

MATHEMATICS (Book-II) Ex #. 2.9, 2.10, 3.1

ANSWER KEY (Worksheet-5)  d2y 

Now  2   6  1  6  0
1 A 11 B 21 B  dx  x 1
2 C 12 D 22 D So function has minimum value at x  1
3 B 13 A 23 C Put x  1 in given function
Min: y  1  3  3  1   1  1
3
4 A 14 B 24 B
5 C 15 B 25 D So required point is  1,1
6 A 16 C 26 B dV
4. (A) Here V  4  t   a  2t
2
7 B 17 D 27 B dt
8 C 18 B 28 D dV
9 19 29 a  8 m / s 2
D A B dt t 4
10 A 20 D 30 A 5. (C) Clearly from given graphs in (C) option at
x  0 function has a sharp corner and
ANSWERS EXPLAINED
Lf   0  ve and Rf   0  ve
1. (A) Graphically  y represents a rise of
i.e. Lf   0  Rf   0
function when x increases to x   x
and dy represents a rise of tangent so at x  0 derivative does not exist.
corresponding to change  x in x  tangent line does not exist.
8 9   
1  6. (A) sin  sin    
2. (C) y   x  5  , x  12 and dx   x  p 10  10 
4 

approximate change in y is Let f  x   sin x, x   and dx  
10
8
1  Then f   x   cos x
dy  d  x  5 
4 
f  x   x   f  x   f   x  dx
7
1  1
dy  8  x  5  dx        
4  4  sin      sin   cos   
 10   10  10
Put x  12 and dx  p
7. (B) If f  x   a sin x  b cos x then
7
1  1
dy  8  12  5   p   256 p Max: f  x   a  b and
2 2

4  4
Min: f  x    a  b
2 2
3. (B) y  3  3x  x3 for x  0
dy d2y  Min: value of f  x 
 3  3 x 2  2  6 x
dx dx  3sin x  4 cos x is
dy
Put 0 Min: f  x    3   4
2 2
 5
dx
 3  3x 2  0  x   1 8. (C) x  8t  2t 2 , y  12t  t 3 , z  4
Only x  1  0

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MATHEMATICS (Book-II) Ex #. 2.9, 2.10, 3.1

dx dy dz 400
  8  4t ,  12  3t 2 ,  0 C  x   150  0.01x 
dt dt dt x
Particle will be at rest if Diff. w.r. to x
 1 
dx
0 
dy
0 
dz
0 C   x   0.01  400  2 
dt dt dt x 
 8  4t  0  12  3t 2  0 Again diff. w.r. to x .
 2
t 2  t2  4 C   x   400  3 
x 
 t  2
400
t 2 Put C  x   0  0.01  0
x2
Put t  2 in x, y and z
400
 x2   40000  x  200
x  8  2   2  2   16  8  8
2
.01
Number of units cannot negative so we take
y  12  2    2   16
3

x  200 only
z4 Put x  200 in C  x 
Hence particle will be at rest at 8,16, 4 2 1
C  200   400 
 200
3
9. (D) By definition of point of inflection, if 10000
f   c   0 and f   x  does not changes
Which is positive
sign before and after x  c Hence C  x  is minimum at x  200
Moreover at the point of inflection
Required number of units is 200.
f   c   0 or f   c  does not exist.
13. (A) f  x   e x  f   x   e x
10. (A) If f   c   0 and f   x  changes sign
Which is always positive hence f  x  is
before and after x  c . Then at x  c
increasing always.
function has a stationary point. At this
point, the function is neither increasing 14. (B) f  x   x 1
nor-decreasing. f  x  f a
Since f   a   lim
xa
3
t x a
11. (B) x  t  1 y  sin t z 4
3 f  x   f 1
so f  1  lim
dx
1
dy
 cos t
dz
 t2
x 1 x 1
dt dt dt x 1  0 x 1
 lim  lim
d2x d2y d 2z x 1 x 1 x 1 x  1
 0   sin t  2t
dt 2 dt 2 dt 2 Now
Acceleration will be zero if x 1 x 1
Lf  1  lim Rf  1  lim
x 1 x  1 x 1 x  1
d 2x d 2 y d 2z
 2  2 0   x  1
dt 2 dt dt x 1
 lim  lim
x 1 x 1 x  1
  sin t  0 and 2t  0 x 1

t 0  lim  1  1  lim1


1
x 1 x 1
12. (D) Cost function is given by
Lf  1  Rf  1
Your STEP Towards A Brighter Future! 278
MATHEMATICS (Book-II) Ex #. 2.9, 2.10, 3.1

So derivative at x  1 does not exist.  min y  3   3  4  3  27

4 3

15. (B) y  x3  ax  b _________ (i) 17. (D) Given function is combination of

dy y  x2 , x  0
 3x 2  a _________ (ii)
dx and y  x, x  0
according to given  2,7  lie on (i) graph is shown
in figure
so we have
7   2  a  2  b
3
d 2
Lf   0   x x 0  2 x x 0  0
 2 a  b  1 _________ (iii) dx
d
Also it is given that Rf   0   x x 0  1 x 0  1
dx
 dy 
Gradient at  2,7     3 Lf   0  Rf   0
 dx  2,7 
f   0  does not exist.
Then (ii)  3  2   a  3  a  9
2

 (A) and (C) are discarded

Put in (iii) from graph clearly function has a
2  9  b  1  b  17 minimum value "0" at x  0
dr
Required  a, b    9,17  18. (B) A   r 2 ,  3cms 1
dt
16. (C) y  x 4  4 x 3  r 2  4  r  2
dy dA dr
 4 x 3  12 x 2   2 r  2  2  3
dx dt dt
d2y  12 cm 2 / s
 12 x 2  24 x
dx 2
19. (A) Here f  x   4cos x  3
dy Since range of cos x is  1,1
Put 0
dx
So rangeof f  41,1  3  1,7
 4 x 12 x  0  4x  x  3  0
3 2 2
 min. value of f  x   1
x0 x3
and max. value of f  x   7
2
d y
Put x  3 in 20. (D) Let f  x   5 x x  32 dx  1
dx 2
1
 d2y  f  x 
 2   12  3  24  3  36
2 4
5
 dx  x 3 5x
using f  x   x   f   x   f  x  dx
Which is positive. Hence function has
relative minimum value at x  3 , put f 31  f 32 1
x  3 in y
 f 32  f  321

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MATHEMATICS (Book-II) Ex #. 2.9, 2.10, 3.1

1 2
 5 32  4
 2  .0125  1.9875 Put f   x   0  0
5  32  5
x na
No value of x satisfy this equation.
21. (B) f  x   sin x  f   x   cos x
So function does not have min. value.
The function is decreasing if f   x   0 26. (B) y 2  xy  x 2  4  0
 cos x  0 Diff. w.r. to x
this inequality is only satisfied by interval 2 yy   xy  y   2x  0
given in (B) option.
2 yy  xy  y  2x  0
22. (D) Given curve and point are
y  2 y  x   y  2x
y  4  x2 p  3, 4 
y  2x
The question does not need the process of y 
extremization, we can get the result by 2y  x
only verifying the given conditions. If tangent is vertical then
First, check which option satisfy the y    2 y  x  0  x  2 y
given curve. All options satisfy here. Now
27. (B) Tangent is parallel to x  axis if slope i.e.
find the distance of each point form
f   x  is equal to zero.
3, 4
Since
By distance formula
g x g x d
distance of  2,0 from  3, 4   17
d
dx
 f  x    f  x 
dx
g  x  nf  x 

distance of  2,0 from  3, 4  41 So

d
 x  1  0
x

dx
distance of  0, 4 from 3, 4  3
x d
  x  1 x n  x  1  0
distance of 1,3 from  3, 4   5 dx
x  x 
5 is the least distance   x  1   n  x  1   0
So (D) option is true.  x 1 
x
23. (C) If x is the side of base square and height   n  x  1  0  x  1  0
x

is h, then for a given volume surface x 1

x Which is only satisfied when x  0 .
area of the tank will be least if h  .
2 Hence tangent is parallel to x  axis at x  0
24. (B) The function has relative extrema at a log x
28. (D) y 
stationary point if f   x   0 or x
f   x   0 i.e. f   x   0 1
x    log x 1
1  log x
25. (D) f  x   loga x2  2loga x    2
dy x

dx x x2
2
f  x 
x na
For a stationary point

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MATHEMATICS (Book-II) Ex #. 2.9, 2.10, 3.1

 1  3x x
2 x 2    1  log x  2 x  cos 0  cos 0
  
d y x 2 2
  3x  x 
2 2
dx x2
   
2 2 2 2
 x  2 x  2 x log x
 
x4 x  x 
3 x  2 x log x 3  2 log x 3
 4
 Put in f   x  Put in f   x 
x x3
dy  
Put 0 f     0 f     0
dx 3
1  log x Function has relatively
  0  1  log x  0
x2 
Maximum value at x 
 1  log x  x  e 3
d2y    
Put x  e in Max: f    sin 1  cos 
dx 2 3 3 3

d2y 3  2log e 3 1 3 3

1
 4  1   
2  2 4
dx 2 x e e 4
e
30. (A) y 2  ax3  b ________(i) p  2,3
Which is negative.
Hence function is maximum at x  e Diff. w.r. to x .
dy dy 3ax 2
Put x  e in f  x  
log x 2y  3ax 2  
x dx dx 2y
3a  2 
2
log e 1 dy
 f max  e      2a
e e dx  2,3 2  3
29. (B) f  x   sin x 1  cos x   slope of tangent  2a _____(ii)
f   x   sin x   sin x   1  cos x   cos x Given tangent is y  4 x  5
Slope  m  4 _______ (iii)
  sin 2 x  cos x  cos2 x
Comparing (ii) and (iii)
 cos 2 x  cos x
2a  4  a  2
f   x   2sin 2x  sin x
Put  x, y    2,3 and a  2 in (i)
Put f   x   0
 3   2  2   b
2 3

 cos 2 x  cos x  0
9 16  b  b  7
 2x  x   2x  x 
 2cos   cos  0 Hence a  2, b  7
 2   2 

Your STEP Towards A Brighter Future! 281