St.

Joseph's Institution
Mathematics Worksheet

Name: ______________________________ ( ) Date: ___________

Class: __________

EM Year 3 Topical Revision: Matrices

Question 1
 2 5n 1    4  3m 5    2 11 6 
Given that       , find the values
 4m 7  1   8 4  1  4 11  2 
of m and n.

Question 2
 3 h  2   2  5   5 17  h 
Given that     , find the values of h and k.
3 k   3 3k  1  6 3 

Question 3
 0  2 0 1 
Given that A   , B    ,express A2  2B as a single matrix.
1 0   2  3

Question 4
 1  1  7  7 
Find matrix M such that, 3M       .
4 2   5 2 

Question 5
 a 9  4 1  9 2c 
It is given that X    , Y    and Z    . Find
 3b 2    5  3 3 d 
(a) 3Y,
(b) the values of a, b, c and d if X + 3Y = Z.

Question 6
 2 0  x 0
Given that A    and B    , find the value of x when AB = BA.
 3 4  2 1

Question 7
  5  3  2a 1 
It is given that P    and Q    .
 1 5   1  3b 
(a) Evaluate P 2 .
  10 1 
(b) If Q  P 2    , find the values of a and b.
 1 8

1
Question 8
A florist prepares 3 different types of bridal bouquets containing 4 types of flowers.
The number of each type of flowers in each type of bouquet is tabulated below.

Carnations Roses Lilies Baby

Breath
“Love” Bouquet 2 2 3 4
“Passion” Bouquet 5 5 6 6
“Devotion” Bouquet 7 7 8 8

(a) Write down a 3 by 4 matrix showing the number of each type of flower in each
type of bouquet.

The cost price per flower of each type is shown in the table below:

Flowers Cost Price

Carnations $0.70
Roses $1.10
Lilies $2.30
Baby Breath $0.50

(b) Write down a column matrix showing the cost price per flower of each type.
(c) By using matrix multiplication, find the cost price of each of the types of
bouquet.
(d) The florist decides to make a profit of 40% from the “Love” Bouquet, 50% from
the “Passion” Bouquet and 20% from the “Devotion” Bouquet. By using matrix
multiplication, find the selling price of each type of bouquet.

2
Question 9
The following table shows the number of tickets sold for two night performances of
a musical held at a theatre.

Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4

Saturday 80 60 50 125
Sunday 70 45 40 100

The prices of tickets to the musical are as follows:

Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4

$185 $165 $125 $85

The number of tickets sold for the two night performances can be represented by
 80 60 50 125 
the matrix A    . The price of tickets can be represented by
 70 45 40 100 
a 4  1 matrix B.
(a) Write down the matrix B, where the matrix AB gives the total sales of tickets
for each of the two nights.
(b) Find the matrix AB.
 1
 
 1
(c) Given that C    , calculate D = AC.
1
 
 1
 
(d) Describe clearly what the elements of D represent.
(e) Given that E  (1 1) , calculate F = ED and describe what it represents.
(f) The targeted number of tickets to be sold at the following weekend of the musical
are as follows:
 Saturday tickets to be increased by 20%
 Sunday tickets to be decreased to 40%
Write down the values of p and q such that the matrix product
 80 60 50 125 
( p q)  gives the targeted number of tickets to be sold at
 70 45 40 100 
the following weekend.

3
Question 10
A body care company packs three different types of gift hampers, A, B and C.
The table below gives the contents of each type of hamper.

No. of Bottles
Type Bath Soap Shampoo Body Lotion Cologne
A 1 2 3 4
B 4 3 1 2
C 2 1 4 3

The cost price of each bottle of bath soap, shampoo, body lotion and cologne is $6.80,
$9.20, $12.00 and $5.60 respectively.
(a) Write down two matrices whose product shows the cost of each type of hamper.
(b) Evaluate the product of matrices in (a).
On a particular day, the company receives an order for 15 type A, 30 type B and
25 type C hampers.
(c) Write down a matrix whose product with the matrix found in (b) will give the
total cost of the order on that day.
(d) Evaluate the product of the two matrices in (b) and (c).

4
[Answer Key]

Question 1
m = 3, n = 4

Question 2
1
h  10, k 
2

Question 3
  2  2
 
 4 4 

Question 4
 2  2
M   
 3 0 

Question 5
 12  3 
(a)   (b) a  3, b  6, c  3, d  7
  15  9 

Question 6
1
x
3

Question 7
 22 0 
(a)   (b) a  6, b  10
 0 22 

Question 8
 0.7 
 2 2 3 4    12.50   17.50 
   1.1     
(a)  5 5 6 6  (b)   (c)  25.80  (d)  38.70 
7 7 8 8 2.3  35   42 
       
 0.5 
 

Question 9
185 
 
165   41 575   315 
(a)  (b)  
 33 875  (c)  
125     255 
 
 85 
 
(d) The elements of D represent the total number of tickets sold on Saturday and
Sunday night respectively.
(e) 570  ; The matrix F shows the total number of tickets sold on the two nights.
(f) p = 1.2, q = 0.4

5
Question 10
 6.8 
1 2 3 4    83.6 
   9.2   
(a)  4 3 1 2  ,  12  (b)  78  (c) 15 30 25 (d) 5784 
 2 1 4 3    87.6 
   5.6   
 

6
[Solution]

Question 1
 2 5n 1    4  3m 5    2 11 6 
     
 4m 7  1   8 4  1  4 11  2 
 2  (4) 5n  3m 1 5    2 11 6 
  
 4m  8 74  1  (1)   4 11  2 
 2 5n  3m 6    2 11 6 
  
 4m  8 11  2   4 11  2 

Comparing the elements in the matrices,

4m  8  4
4m  12
m3

5n  3m  11
5n  3(3)  11
5n  9  11
5n  20
n4

Question 2
 3 h  2   2  5   5 17  h 
   
3 k   3 3k  1  6 3 
 3  2 h  2  5   5 17  h 
    
 3  3 k  3k  1  6 3 
 5 h  3   5 17  h 
    
 6 4k  1  6 3 

Comparing the elements in the matrices,

h  3  17  h and 4k  1  3
2h  20 4k  2
1
h  10 k
2

Question 3
 0  2  0 1   0 1    2  2 
    2    
 1 0  2  3   2  3    4 4 

7
Question 4
 7  7   1  1
M    
 5 2   4 2 
 6  6
  
 9 0 
 2  2
  
 3 0 

Question 5
(a)
 4 1
3Y  3 
5  3 
 12  3
  
  15  9 

(b) From (a),

X  3Y  Z
 a 9   12  3   9 2c 
       
 3b 2    15  9   3 d 
 a  12 9  (3)   9 2c 
    
 3b  15 2  (9)   3 d 
 a  12 6   9 2c 
    
 3b  15  7   3 d 

Comparing the elements in the matrices, d  7 .

a  12  9 and 3b  15  3 and 2c  6
a  3 3b  18 c3
b6

Hence, a  3, b  6, c  3, d  7 .

Question 6
AB  BA
 2 0  x 0   x 0  2 0 
      
 3 4  2 1   2 1  3 4 
 2( x)  0(2) 2(0)  0(1)   x(2)  0(3) x(0)  0(4) 
    
 3( x)  4(2) 3(0)  4(1)   2(2)  1(3) 2(0)  1(4) 
 2x 0   2x 0 
    
 3x  8 4   7 4 

8
Comparing the elements in the matrices,
3x  8  7
3x  1
1
x
3

Question 7
(a)
  5  3   5  3 
P 2    
 1 5  1 5 
  5(5)  3(1)  5(3)  3(5) 
  
 1(5)  5(1) 1(3)  5(5) 
 22 0 
  
 0 22 

(b) From (a),

  10 1
Q  P 2   
 1 8 
 2a 1   22 0    10 1
       
 1  3b   0 22   1 8 
 2a  22 1  0    10 1
  
 1 0  3b  22   1 8 
 2a  22 1    10 1
  
 1  3b  22   1 8 

Comparing the elements in the matrices,

2a  22  10 and  3b  22  8
2a  12  3b  30
a6 b  10

Hence, the values of a and b are 6 and  10 respectively.

Question 8
 2 2 3 4
 
(a) From the table, the 3  4 matrix is  5 5 6 6  .
7 7 8 8
 

9
  0.7 
 
 1.1 
(b) From the table, the column matrix is   .
2.3
 
 0.5 
 

(c)
 0 .7 
 2 2 3 4  
  1.1 
 5 5 6 6  
 7 7 8 8  2.3 
  0.5 
 
 2(0.7)  2(1.1)  3(2.3)  4(0.5) 
 
  5(0.7)  5(1.1)  6(2.3)  6(0.5) 
 7(0.7)  7(1.1)  8(2.3)  8(0.5) 
 
 1.4  2.2  6.9  2 
 
  3.5  5.5  13.8  3 
 4.9  7.7  18.4  4 
 
 12.50 
 
  25.80 
 35 
 

(d) For “Love” Bouquet, profit = 40%.

Selling price = (100 + 40)% of cost price
= 140%

For “Passion” Bouquet, profit = 50%.

Selling price = (100 + 50)% of cost price
= 150%

For “Devotion” Bouquet, profit = 20%.

Selling price = (100 + 20)% of cost price
= 120%

1.4 0 0  12.50 
  
 0 1.5 0  25.80 
 0 0 1.2  35 

 1.4(12.50) 
 
 1.5(25.80) 
 1.2(35) 
 
 17.50 
 
  38.70 
 42 
 

10
Question 9
185 
 
165 
(a) From the table, the 4  1 matrix B is  .
125 
 
 85 
 

(b) From (a),

185 
 
 80 60 50 125 165 
  
 70 45 40 100 125 
 85 
 
 80(185)  60(165)  50(125)  125(85) 
  
 70(185)  45(165)  40(125)  100(85) 
14 800  9900  6250  10 625 
  
 12 950  7425  5000  8500 
 41 575 
  
 33 875 

1
 
1
(c) Given: C   
1
 
1
 

D  AC
 1
 
 80 60 50 125 1
   
 70 45 40 100 1
 1
 
 80(1)  60(1)  50(1)  125(1) 
  
 70(1)  45(1)  40(1)  100(1) 
 80  60  50  125 
  
 70  45  40  100 
 315 
  
 255 

(d) The elements of D represent the total number of tickets sold on Saturday and
Sunday night respectively.

(e) Given: E  1 1

11
 F  ED
 315 
 1 1 
 255 
 1(315)  1(255) 
 570

The matrix F shows the total number of tickets sold on the two nights.

(f)
100%  20%  120%
 1.2

40%  0.4

Hence, the values of p and q are 1.2 and 0.4 respectively.

Question 10
 6.8 
1 2 3 4  
   9.2 
(a) The two matrices are  4 3 1 2  and   .
 2 1 4 3 12
   
 5.6 
 

(b)
 6.8 
 1 2 3 4  
  9.2 
 4 3 1 2  
 2 1 4 3  12 
  5.6 
 
1(6.8)  2(9.2)  3(12)  4(5.6) 
 
  4(6.8)  3(9.2)  1(12)  2(5.6) 
 2(6.8)  1(9.2)  4(12)  3(5.6) 
 
 6.8  18.4  36  22.4 
 
  27.2  27.6  12  11.2 
 13.6  9.2  48  16.8 
 
 83.6 
 
  78 
 87.6 
 

(c) The matrix is 15 30 25 .

(d)

12
  83.6 
 
15 30 25 78 
 87.6 
 
 15(83.6)  30(78)  25(87.6) 
 1254  2340  2190
 5784

13