KKKM6023 Engineering Numerical Computation

Assignment 1 for Module 3: The Finite Volume Method

Steady Advection-Diffusion Problem

Consider a quasi-one-dimensional steady advection-diffusion flow with the boundary

conditions as illustrated in Figure 1:

𝑢𝑢(𝑥𝑥) 𝑚𝑚̇ = 𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌 = 1 × 10−4 kg/s 𝑢𝑢(𝑥𝑥)

𝑥𝑥 = 0 𝑥𝑥 = ℓ
𝜙𝜙 = 0 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑⁄𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 0
Figure 1

In Figure 1, the velocity 𝑢𝑢 is given in the form of constant mass flow rate, 𝑚𝑚̇ = 𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌 =
1 × 10−4 kg/s, with density 𝜌𝜌 = 1.0 kg/m3 and 𝐴𝐴 = 1 × 10−4 m2 is the cross-sectional area
at the entrance of the flow path. The cross-sectional area 𝐴𝐴 at the (𝑥𝑥2 , ℓ) range, 𝐴𝐴2 , is two times
bigger that the area at the (0, 𝑥𝑥1 ) range, which is 𝐴𝐴1 = 𝐴𝐴, with a linearly gradual change from
𝐴𝐴1 to 𝐴𝐴2 in the (𝑥𝑥1 , 𝑥𝑥2 ) range, i.e., 𝐴𝐴2 = 2𝐴𝐴1 .

Other data and parameters include path length ℓ = (0.5 + 0.1𝑔𝑔) and diffusivity coefficient Γ =
0.05 kg/m∙s. Given that the source term 𝑆𝑆(𝑥𝑥) forms a linear relation with the 𝑥𝑥-coordinate as
shown in Figure 2, where 𝑆𝑆0 = 10𝑓𝑓, 𝑥𝑥1 = 0.6ℓ and 𝑥𝑥2 = 0.8ℓ.

By using a one-dimensional grid system containing at least 10 computational nodes or cells:

a) develop the algebraic formulation that can be used to compute the solution of 𝜙𝜙 along
the 𝑥𝑥-axis from the corresponding transport equation; (8 marks)
b) obtain the distribution of the value 𝜙𝜙 at steady state condition using one of the
appropriate schemes or methods depending on the Peclet number: (12 marks)
(i) the central-differencing scheme;
(ii) the upwind-differencing scheme;
(iii) the hybrid method.

𝑆𝑆(𝑥𝑥)
𝑆𝑆0

𝑥𝑥 = ℓ
0 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥1 with area 𝐴𝐴1

𝑥𝑥2 with area 𝐴𝐴2 = 𝐴𝐴1

Figure 2
For variables 𝑓𝑓 and 𝑔𝑔, they are based on the last two digits of the student registration number,
i.e., P1234𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓. If 𝑓𝑓 is zero, use 𝑓𝑓 = 10 instead. If the student registration number is not readily
available, use the second last and last digits of the passport number used to register as the UKM
student for the value of 𝑓𝑓 and 𝑔𝑔, respectively.

Use appropriate graphs or charts to illustrate the distribution of 𝜙𝜙 along the 𝑥𝑥-axis. In addition,
students are encouraged to present the answers for (a) and (b) using appropriate office
applications such as Microsoft Word and Microsoft Equation to write the answers for (a) and
Microsoft Excel or any other numerical tools or spreadsheet applications for (b).

For submission of the assignment files containing the workouts, analysis and results, please use
the link below to upload the files. Each student can upload up to two files in form of documents
(e.g., .docx), spreadsheets (e.g., .xlsx), PDF or image files. All the calculations need to be shown
in numerical forms and formula in the relevant files, such as the spreadsheet file.

CLICK HERE TO SUBMIT THE ASSIGNMENT FILES

(Due date: Sunday, 5th February 2023)