Question 1

Calculate the net result of these straight-line (parallel) vectors.

a) 23 → + 7→ = ?
b) -7  + -23  = ?
c) -23  + 7→ = ?
d) -23  + -7  = ?

Question 2

a) If a dog on a lead is held at 45° to the horizontal and exerts a pulling force of
180N between the dog and its owner, what are the horizontal and vertical
components of the force?

b) A breakdown truck has to tow away a lorry. If the tension in the cable is
2500N, and if the cable makes a 55° angle with the horizontal, what are the
horizontal and vertical components of the force?

Question 3

a) You drive a car a distance of 1 km at 16km/h. Then you drive an additional

distance of 1km at 32km/h. What is your average speed?

b) A car is initially traveling due north at 23m/s.

• Find the velocity of the car after 4s if its acceleration is 2m/s² due north.
• Find the velocity of the car after 4s if its acceleration is instead 2m/s² due
south.

c) A car is accelerating at 12m/s². Find its acceleration in km/h².

d) The position-versus-time graph of an object is shown on the next page. Time

is in seconds, position is in metres, and the pink line shows speed. Calculate
the average speed between 0 and 70 seconds?

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 e) Gilly is driving through town at 25.0m/s and begins to accelerate at a constant
rate of -1.0m/s2. Eventually she comes to a complete stop.
• Represent Gilly’s accelerated motion by sketching a velocity-time graph.
• Use the velocity-time graph to determine this distance.
• Use kinematic equations to calculate the distance that Gilly travels while
decelerating.

Question 4

a) Robert throws his mother's crystal vase vertically upwards with an initial
velocity of 26.2m/s. Determine the height to which the vase will rise above its
initial height.

b) With what speed in miles/hr (1m/s = 2.23mi/hr) must an object be thrown to

reach a height of 91.5m (equivalent to one football field)? Assume negligible
air resistance.

c) A ball is kicked at an angle θ = 45°. It is intended that the ball lands in the
back of a moving truck which has a trunk of length L = 2.5m. If the initial
horizontal distance from the back of the truck to the ball, at the instant of the
kick, is do = 5m, and the truck moves directly away from the ball at velocity V
= 9m/s (as shown on the next page), what is the maximum and minimum
velocity vo so that the ball lands in the trunk? Assume that the initial height of

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 the ball is equal to the height of the ball at the instant it begins to enter the
trunk.

Question 5

a) Determine the momentum of each of the following:

• 60kg halfback (rugby player) moving eastward at 9m/s
• 1000kg car moving northward at 20m/s
• 40kg student moving southward at 2m/s

b) An elastic collision occurs in one dimension, in which a 10kg block traveling at

5m/s collides with a 5kg block traveling at 3m/s in the same direction. What
are the velocities of the two blocks immediately after the collision?

c) An inelastic collision occurs in one dimension, in which a 10kg block traveling

at 5m/s collides with a 5kg block traveling at 3m/s in the same direction, and
they stick together. What are the velocities of the blocks immediately after the
collision?

d) The diagram on the next page depicts the before and after collision speeds of
a vehicle that undergoes a head-on collision with a wall. In Case A, the
vehicle bounces off the wall. In Case B, the vehicle crumples up and sticks to
the wall.
• In which case (A or B) is the change in velocity the greatest?
• In which case (A or B) is the change in momentum the greatest?
• In which case (A or B) is the impulse the greatest?
• In which case (A or B) is the force that acts upon the vehicle the greatest
(assume contact times are the same in both cases)?

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 e) When a figure skater makes a jump, he increases his rotation speed by
pulling together his arms and legs. This reduces his rotational inertia causing
him to spin faster. If the initial spin rate of a figure skater is 1RPM and he
decreases his rotational inertia by half during the spin, what is his final spin
rate?

f) A 1.5kg cannon is mounted on top of a 2.0kg cart and loaded with a 52.7g
ball. The cannon, cart, and ball are moving forward with a speed of 1.27m/s.
The cannon is ignited and launches a 52.7g ball forward with a speed of
75m/s. Determine the post-explosion velocity of the cannon and cart.

Question 6

a) Apply the work equation to determine the amount of work done by the applied
force in each of the three situations described below.

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 b) For each situation below, indicate which force(s) are doing work upon the
object. Then calculate the work done by these forces.

A 10N force is applied to push a block across a friction free surface for a
displacement of 5.0m to the right.

An approximately 2kg object is sliding at constant speed across a friction free

surface for a displacement of 5m to the right.

c) A cart is loaded with a brick and pulled at constant speed along an inclined
plane to the height of a chair top. If the mass of the loaded cart is 3.0kg and
the height of the chair top is 0.45m, then what is the potential energy of the
loaded cart at the height of the chair top?

If a force of 14.7N is used to drag the loaded cart along the incline for a distance of
0.90m, then how much work is done on the loaded cart?

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 d) Determine the kinetic energy of a 625kg roller coaster car that is moving with
a speed of 18.3m/s.

Question 7
(Should you need a copy of the Periodic Table for this question, you will find one on
page 8 of this document.)

Calculations using Boyle’s Law

a) 5.00L of a gas is at 1.08atm. What pressure is obtained when the volume is
10.0L?

b) 9.48L of a gas was at an unknown pressure. However, at standard pressure,

its volume was measured to be 8.00L. What was the unknown pressure?

Calculations using Charles’ Law

c) A gas is collected and found to fill 2.85L at 25.0°C. What will be its volume at
standard temperature?

d) 5.00L of a gas is collected at 100K and then allowed to expand to 20.0L. What
must the new temperature be in order to maintain the same pressure?

Calculations using Gay-Lussac’s Law

e) 10.0L of a gas is found to exert 97.0kPa at 25.0°C. What would be the
required temperature (in Celsius) to change the pressure to standard
pressure?

f) 5.00L of a gas is collected at 22.0°C and 745.0mmHg. When the temperature

is changed to standard, what is the new pressure?

Calculations using The Combined Gas Law

Remember, that STP is a common abbreviation for "standard temperature and
pressure”.

g) 2.00L of a gas is collected at 25.0°C and 745.0mmHg. What is the volume at

STP?

h) The pressure of 8.40L of nitrogen gas in a flexible container is decreased to

one-half its original pressure, and its absolute temperature is increased to
double the original temperature. What is the new volume?

Calculations using Avogadro’s Law

i) 5.00L of a gas is known to contain 0.965mol. If the amount of gas is increased
to 1.80mol, what new volume will result (at an unchanged temperature and
pressure)?

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 j) A cylinder with a movable piston contains 2.00g of helium (He), at room
temperature. More helium was added to the cylinder and the volume was
adjusted so that the gas pressure remained the same. How many grams of
helium were added to the cylinder if the volume was changed from 2.00L to
2.70L? (The temperature was held constant.)

Calculations using The Ideal Gas Law

k) A sample of dry gas weighing 2.1025g is found to occupy 2.850L at 22.00°C
and 740.0mmHg. How many moles of the gas are present?

l) At STP, a 5.00L flask filled with air has a mass of 543.251g. The air in the
flask is replaced with another gas and the mass of the flask is 566.107g. The
density of air is 1.29g/L. What is the gas that replaced the air?

Question 8
(Should you need a copy of the Periodic Table for this question, you will find one on
page 8 of this document.)

a) Calculate the rms speed of an oxygen gas molecule (O2) at 31.0°C.

b) At the same temperature, which molecule travels faster, O2 or N2?

c) Using your answer to question 8b above, calculate how much faster?

d) Standard Temperature is defined to be 273.15K. What is the average

translational kinetic energy of a single molecule of an ideal gas at Standard
Temperature?

e) One mole (mol) of any substance consists of 6.022 x 10²³ molecules

(Avogadro's number). What is the translational kinetic energy of 12.00mol of
an ideal gas at 300.0K?

f) A sealed syringe contains 10 × 10-6m3 of air at 1 × 105Pa. The plunger is

pushed until the volume of trapped air is 4 × 10-6m3. If there is no change in
temperature what is the new pressure of the gas?

g) A car tyre contains air at 1.25 × 105Pa when at a temperature of 27°C. Once
the car has been running for a while, the temperature of the air in the tyre
rises to 42°C. If the volume of the tyre does not change, what is the new
pressure of the air in the tyre?

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