FINGERPRINT RULE CLASSIFICATION

PRIMARY CLASSIFICATION

 Summing up or adding all the numerical value of the whorl type.

 Composites of Whorl. (W,C,D,X)
 Numerical value is constant
Finger 1-2 = 16
Finger 3-4 = 8
Finger 5-6 = 4
Finger 7-8 = 2
Finger 9-10 = 1

Even numbers will be the numerator, finger (2,4,6,8,10)

Odd numbers will be the denominator, finger(1,3,5,7,9,)

Note: Constant additional plus 1 to avoid appearing zero (0) which represents outer whorl.

SECONDARY CLASSIFICATION

 Arrangement of odd and even as denominator and numerator will be discarded.

 Appear in the right fingers become a numerator.
 Appear in the left fingers become a denominator.

SECONDARY CAPITAL LETTER GROUP

 Only the right and left index finger (2,7)

 5 patterns that can appear if whorl (W,A,T,R,U) even if accidental symbol “W” will represent.
 Right index
 Left index

SMALL LETTER GROUP ( r,a,t) in any fingers except in index fingers constitute SLG.

 1,3,4,5,6,8,9,10

SUB-SECONDARY CLASSIFICATION

 Concerned only with the following

 Index (2,7)
 Middle (3,8)
 Ring (4,9)
 Right finger will be the numerator
 Left finger will be the denominator
 Loops and Whorl are considered (W,C,D,X, S,M,L)
 Loops are represent ( ridge count is necessary) (S,M,L)
 Whorls are present ( whorl tracing will apply ) (I,M,O)

NOTE: If the tracing ridge goes above and below and it has a ridge count of less than 3
intervening ridge will be called (Meeting)

If the tracing ridge goes above or inside and has a ridge count of 3 or more intervening ridge will
be called (Inner)
 If the tracing goes below or outside and has a ridge count of 3 more intervening ridge be called
(Outer)

Index Middle Ring

1-9 = 1 1-10= 1 1-13= 1

10 or more= 0 11 or more = 0 14 or more = 0

MAJOR CLASSIFICATION

 Concerned only thumb (1 and 6)

 Right thumb numerator
 Left thumb denominator
 Ridge counting and whorl tracing will apply
 Loops and whorl type are concerned
 Whorl ( I,M,O) will be brought up to the classification
 Loops ( S,M,L)

RULE: Right thumb has 2 formulas depending on the ridge count of the left thumb.

 When the ridge count of the left thumb is 16 or less, formula No. 1 will be used for the
right thumb.
 If the ridge count of left is 17 or even No. 2 will be used for the right thumb.
 Appearing in the left thumb is none loop formula No. 1 will be used.

Formula R/U LOOPS

Formula 1 (right) Formula 2 (right)

1-11= Small 1-17= Small 12-16= Medium

18-22= Medium 17or more = Large 23 or more =Large

Formula (Left)

1-11= Small 12-16= Medium

17or more = Large

KEY CLASSIFICATION

 Counting the ridge count of the first loop appearing on the finger starting from the right
thumb.
 Exception (little finger 5 and 10)
 Always placed at the numerator

FINAL CLASSIFICATION

 The ridge count of the loop will be brought up to the classification formula
 Concerned only the right and left little fingers (5 and 10)
 One finger is necessary, if both fingers are loops (5) is priority
 FC is place either in the numerator /denominator side
  If no loop, whorl will be considered
 Ridge count is considered not the tracing
 Ridges of the whorl will be counted from delta to core

CLASSIFICATION OF FINGERS MISSING AT THE BIRTH AND AMPUTATIONS

 If one finger is amputated, it is a given classification identical with that of the opposite finger,
including pattern and ridge count, or tracing, and referenced to every other possible
classification.
 If two or more fingers are amputated, they are given classifications identical with the fingers
opposite, with no additional references.
 If two amputated fingers are opposite to each other, both are given the classification of whorls
with meeting tracing.
 Therefore, if all fingers are amputated or missing the classification will be
 M 32 W MMM
M 32 W MMM

(K M P S SS F) SECOND SUB SECONDARY

PREPARED BY:

CHERYL O. BESORO, RCrim,MSCJ-CAR

FACULTY
 FINGERPRINT
CLASSIFICATION

IN

PERSONAL
IDENTIFICATION
AND
TECHNIQUES
 PREPARED BY:

CHERYL OLIVEROS BESORO

SUBJECT TEACHER