SAS 18: TRANSCULTURAL PERSPECTIVES IN THE NURSING CARE OF OLDER

ADULTS

Check for Understanding

After studying the main lesson, you may now answer the following multiple choice questions
and provide the rationale for each item.

1. Which of the following theories in late adulthood would focus on recreational

activities that the elderly can do?

a. Disengagement theory c. Continuity theory

b. Activity theory d. Erickson’s Developmental theory

Answer: B

Rationale: The activity theory of aging proposes that older adults are happiest when they
stay active and maintain social interactions. It describes that older adults may substitute
recreational and meaningful opportunities to take the place of previous occupations and
careers.

2. This theory of late adulthood would advise the elderly to apply the activities that they
have been doing in their younger years in their age of retirement

a. Disengagement theory c. Continuity theory

b. Activity theory d. Erickson’s Developmental theory

Answer: C

Rationale: Continuity theory focuses on supporting adults to remain engaged by adapting

patterns of behavior from their younger adulthood to keep them involved into older
adulthood.

3. According to Erik Erickson, is that elderly adults might experience which of the
following if they feel that their life is too short to achieve their unfulfilled dreams

a. Isolation c. Role confusion

b. Stagnation d. Despair

Answer: D

Rationale: In late older adulthood, individuals may despair with the perception that life is too
short and with old age comes less authority and power, but they may also find joy in being a
keeper of meaning and holding enduring relationships.

4. Social support has been delineated in several ways which include the following
EXCEPT
a. Affective support, or expressions of respect, and love

b. Affirmational support, or having endorsement for one’s behavior and perceptions

c. Monetary support, and financial assistance

d. Tangible support, or receiving some kind of aid or physical assistance

Answer: C

Rationale: Social support has been delineated in three ways: affective support, or expressions
of respect, and love; affirmational support, or having endorsement for one’s behavior and
perceptions; and tangible support, or receiving some kind of aid or physical assistance, such
as accompanying a person to an appointment. Letter C is excluded.

5. Many older adults are deprived of the informal social supports due to losses such as

a. Separation from immediate family members because of geographic mobility

b. Loss of spouse or partner because of death or illness

c. Loss of leisure pursuits or entertainment due to illness, loss of income, or declining

physical abilities

d. All of the above

Answer: D

Rationale: Many older adults are deprived of the informal social supports due to losses:

 Separation from immediate family members because of geographic mobility

 Age-related segregation caused by increased nuclear families in neighbourhoods
 Loss of spouse or partner because of death or illness
 Loss of leisure pursuits or entertainment due to illness, loss of income, or declining
physical abilities

6. It is especially important for many older adults to have social, emotional, and
physical sources of support to assist to remain

a. Independent c. Healthy

b. Dependent d. Disease-free

Answer: A

Rationale: It is especially important for many older adults to have social, emotional, and
physical sources of support to assist them to remain as independent as possible.

7. Which of the following Asian ethnicities are more likely to be lonely or isolated
during their late adult years?
a. Chinese c. Filipino

b. Japanese d. Korean

Answer: D

Rationale: The Korean American elderly may socialize with their peers through Korean
churches but some are more likely to be lonely and isolated than Chinese, Japanese, and
Filipino elderly.

8. The following are developmental tasks that older adults achieve EXCEPT

a. Satisfaction of basic needs c. Dignity

b. Desperation d. Integrity and self-actualization

Answer: B

Rationale: The developmental tasks that older adults achieve include satisfaction of basic
needs, such as safety, security, & dignity, and the fulfillment of integrity and self-
actualization. Letter B is not included.

9. The disengagement theory focuses on explaining that older adults whose status is
linked to employment perceive which of the following during retirement?

a. Less self-worth c. Boredom

b. Despair d. Depression

Answer: A

Rationale: Disengagement theory focuses on explaining that older adults whose status is
linked to employment perceive less self-worth in retirement when relieved of their roles and
responsibilities.

10. Which of the following is true regarding faith and spirituality during late
adulthood?

a. Many older adults experience an increase in religion or spirituality

b. Religion and spirituality may be a source of emotional support

c. Most older adults rarely go to church

d. Older adults respond differently to these spiritual development tasks as influenced by their
culture, life experiences, and individual qualities

Answer: B
Rationale: Religion & spirituality may be a source of emotional support, apsychosocial
resource, or a coping mechanism for older adults whoexperience challenging health
conditions, losses in personal relationships & fulfilling roles, and stress.

C. LESSON WRAP-UP

Thinking about Learning

MUDDIEST POINT

This technique will help you determine which key points have been missed in the main
lesson:

In today’s session, what was least clear to you?

 None so far