McMaster University

Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Assignment 3 – Model Answer

Question 1 (50 Marks)
(a) Calculating the Moment of Resistance (20 Marks)
𝐴𝑠 = 3 ∗ 500 = 1500 𝑚𝑚2
[1] Calculate α1 and β1 … (4 Marks)
𝛼1 = 0.85 − 0.0015 ∗ 𝑓′𝑐 = 0.85 − 0.0015 ∗ 30 = 0.805 > 0.67
𝛽1 = 0.97 − 0.0025 ∗ 𝑓′𝑐 = 0.97 − 0.0025 ∗ 30 = 0.895 > 0.67
[2] Assume that … (2 Marks)
1. 𝑎 ≤ ℎ𝑠
2. Section is under-reinforced or balanced.
⸫ 𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎
[3] Calculate a … (4 Marks)
𝛼1 𝜑𝑐 𝑓′𝑐 ∗ (𝑎. 𝑏𝑓 ) = 𝜑𝑠 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠
0.805 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 30 ∗ (𝑎 ∗ 1000) = 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500
𝑎 = 32.49 𝑚𝑚 ≤ ℎ𝑠 ⇒ 𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡!
[4] Calculate C … (2 Marks)
𝑎 32.49
𝐶= = = 36.30 𝑚𝑚
𝛽1 0.895
[5] From the strain diagram … (2 Marks)
𝜀𝑠 0.0035
=
613.70 36.30
𝜀𝑠 = 0.059
[6] Calculate the yield strain of steel … (1 Marks)
𝐹𝑦 400
𝜀𝑦 = = = 0.002
𝐸𝑠 2 ∗ 105
[7] Check the assumptions … (1 Marks)
𝜀𝑠 = 0.059 > 𝜀𝑦 = 0.002
The assumption is correct, so the section is under-reinforced
𝑓𝑠 = 𝑓𝑦 and 𝑎 = 32.49 𝑚𝑚

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni

McMaster University
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[8] Calculate Mr … (4 Marks)
𝑎
𝑀𝑟 = 𝜑𝑠 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠 (𝑑 − ) = 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500 ∗ (650 − 32.49/2) = 323.23 𝑘𝑁. 𝑚
2
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(b) Calculating As for Mf = 1000 kN.m (25 Marks)

Let the clear concrete cover be 30 mm

𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑑𝑐 = 50 𝑚𝑚 ⇒ 𝑑 = 650 𝑚𝑚
[1] Calculate α1 and β1 … (4 Marks)
𝛼1 = 0.85 − 0.0015 ∗ 𝑓′𝑐 = 0.85 − 0.0015 ∗ 30 = 0.805 > 0.67
𝛽1 = 0.97 − 0.0025 ∗ 𝑓′𝑐 = 0.97 − 0.0025 ∗ 30 = 0.895 > 0.67
[2] Calculate Mr for the Flange … (4 Marks)
𝑀𝑟,𝐹𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 = [𝛼1 𝜑𝑐 𝑓′𝑐 ∗ (ℎ. 𝑏𝑓 )][𝑑 − ℎ/2]
𝑀𝑟,𝐹𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 = [0.805 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 30 ∗ 100 ∗ 1000][650 − 100/2]
= 941.85 𝑘𝑁𝑚 < 𝑀𝑓
⸫ 𝑎 > 100 𝑚𝑚
[3] Calculate a and C … (9 Marks)
Taking the moment around the tension steel …
1000 ∗ 106 = [0.805 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 30 ∗ 750 ∗ 100][650 − 50] + [0.805 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 30 ∗ 250 ∗ 𝑎][650 − 𝑎/2]
1000 ∗ 106 = 706387500 + 3924.38 ∗ 𝑎 ∗ [650 − 𝑎/2]
1962.19 ∗ 𝑎2 − 2550847 ∗ 𝑎 + 293.61 ∗ 106 = 0
𝑎 = 127.63 𝑚𝑚 ≤ ℎ𝑠 ⇒ 𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡!
127.63
𝐶 = = 142.6 𝑚𝑚
0.895
700 700
𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.8 ∗ ∗ 𝑑 = 0.8 ∗ ∗ 650 = 330.91 𝑚𝑚
700 + 𝐹𝑦 700 + 400
𝐶 < 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 ⇒ 𝑁𝑜 𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐴′𝑠
[4] Calculate As … (4 Marks)
𝛼1 𝜑𝑐 𝑓′𝑐 ∗ (𝑎. 𝑏𝑤 ) + 𝛼1 𝜑𝑐 𝑓′𝑐 ∗ (ℎ. (𝑏𝑓 − 𝑏𝑤 )) = 𝜑𝑠 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠
0.805 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 30 ∗ 127.63 ∗ 250 + 0.805 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 30 ∗ 100 ∗ 750
= 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝐴𝑠 = 4935.82 𝑚𝑚2

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni

McMaster University
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[5] Check As,min … (2 Marks)

0.2√𝑓′𝑐 0.2√30
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ∗ 𝑏𝑤 ∗ ℎ = ∗ 250 ∗ 700 = 479.3 𝑚𝑚2
𝐹𝑦 400
𝐴𝑠 > 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 ⇒ 𝑂𝐾
[6] Arrange the RFT … (2 Marks)
Use 10 − 25𝑀 = 5000 𝑚𝑚2
250 = 2 ∗ 30 + 2 ∗ 10 + 𝑛 ∗ 25.2 + (𝑛 − 1) ∗ 30
𝑛 = 3.62 ≈ 3 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟
Note:
In a real design situation, you will need to calculate the actual cover 𝒅𝒄 based on reinforcement
arrangement and iterate the solution many times until 𝒅𝒄 does not change any more.
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(c) Cross-section details (5 Marks)

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni

McMaster University
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Question 2 (50 Marks)
(a) Calculating As for Mf = 200 kN.m (20 Marks)

Let the clear concrete cover be 30 mm

𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑑𝑐 = 50 𝑚𝑚 ⇒ 𝑑 = 550 𝑚𝑚
[1] Calculate α1 and β1 … (4 Marks)
𝛼1 = 0.85 − 0.0015 ∗ 𝑓′𝑐 = 0.85 − 0.0015 ∗ 40 = 0.790 > 0.67
𝛽1 = 0.97 − 0.0025 ∗ 𝑓′𝑐 = 0.97 − 0.0025 ∗ 40 = 0.870 > 0.67
[2] Calculate a and C … (6 Marks)
Taking the moment around the tension steel …
200 ∗ 106 = 0.790 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 40 ∗ 300 ∗ 𝑎][550 − 𝑎/2]
200 ∗ 106 = 6162 ∗ 𝑎 ∗ [550 − 𝑎/2]
3081 ∗ 𝑎2 − 3389100 ∗ 𝑎 + 200 ∗ 106 = 0
𝑎 = 62.6 𝑚𝑚
62.60
𝐶 = = 71.90 𝑚𝑚
0.87
700 700
𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.8 ∗ ∗ 𝑑 = 0.8 ∗ ∗ 550 = 280 𝑚𝑚
700 + 𝐹𝑦 700 + 400
𝐶 < 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 ⇒ 𝑁𝑜 𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐴′𝑠
[3] Calculate As … (5 Marks)
𝛼1 𝜑𝑐 𝑓′𝑐 ∗ (𝑎. 𝑏) = 𝜑𝑠 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠
0.790 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 40 ∗ 62.6 ∗ 300 = 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝐴𝑠 = 1134.50 𝑚𝑚2
[4] Check As,min … (3 Marks)

0.2√𝑓′𝑐 0.2√40
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ∗𝑏∗ℎ = ∗ 300 ∗ 600 = 569.21 𝑚𝑚2
𝐹𝑦 400
𝐴𝑠 > 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 ⇒ 𝑂𝐾

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni

McMaster University
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[5] Arrange the RFT … (2 Marks)
Use 4 − 20𝑀 = 1200 𝑚𝑚2
300 = 2 ∗ 30 + 2 ∗ 10 + 𝑛 ∗ 19.5 + (𝑛 − 1) ∗ 30
𝑛 = 5.05 ≈ 5 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟
Note:
In a real design situation, you will need to calculate the actual cover 𝒅𝒄 based on reinforcement
arrangement and iterate the solution many times until 𝒅𝒄 does not change any more.

(b) Calculating As for Mf = 750 kN.m (25 Marks)

Let the clear concrete cover be 30 mm

𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑑𝑐 = 50 𝑚𝑚 ⇒ 𝑑 = 550 𝑚𝑚
[1] Calculate α1 and β1 … (4 Marks)
𝛼1 = 0.85 − 0.0015 ∗ 𝑓′𝑐 = 0.85 − 0.0015 ∗ 40 = 0.790 > 0.67
𝛽1 = 0.97 − 0.0025 ∗ 𝑓′𝑐 = 0.97 − 0.0025 ∗ 40 = 0.870 > 0.67
[2] Calculate a and C … (8 Marks)
Taking the moment around the tension steel …
750 ∗ 106 = 0.790 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 40 ∗ 300 ∗ 𝑎][550 − 𝑎/2]
750 ∗ 106 = 6162 ∗ 𝑎 ∗ [550 − 𝑎/2]
3081 ∗ 𝑎2 − 3389100 ∗ 𝑎 + 750 ∗ 106 = 0
𝑎 = 306.90 𝑚𝑚
306.90
𝐶 = = 352.76 𝑚𝑚
0.87
700 700
𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.8 ∗ ∗ 𝑑 = 0.8 ∗ ∗ 550 = 280 𝑚𝑚
700 + 𝐹𝑦 700 + 400
𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝛽1 ∗ 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.87 ∗ 280 = 243.6 𝑚𝑚
𝐶 > 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 ⇒ 𝑈𝑠𝑒 𝐴′𝑠
[3] Calculate A’s … (4 Marks)
Take 𝐶 = 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 and take the moment around the tension steel …
750 ∗ 106 = [0.79 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 40 ∗ 243.6 ∗ 300][550 − 243.6/2]
+ [0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 𝐴′𝑠 ][550 − 50]
𝐴′𝑠 = 630.90 𝑚𝑚2

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni

McMaster University
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[4] Calculate As … (4 Marks)
𝛼1 𝜑𝑐 𝑓′𝑐 ∗ (𝑎. 𝑏) + 𝜑𝑠 𝑓𝑦 𝐴′𝑠 = 𝜑𝑠 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠
[0.790 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 40 ∗ 243.6 ∗ 300] + [0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 630.9] = 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 𝐴𝑠
𝐴𝑠 = 5045.8 𝑚𝑚2
[5] Check As,min … (3 Marks)

0.2√𝑓′𝑐 0.2√40
𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = ∗𝑏∗ℎ = ∗ 300 ∗ 600 = 569.21 𝑚𝑚2
𝐹𝑦 400
𝐴𝑠 > 𝐴𝑠,𝑚𝑖𝑛 ⇒ 𝑂𝐾
[6] Arrange the RFT … (2 Marks)
Use 4 − 15𝑀 = 800 𝑚𝑚2 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐴′𝑠
300 = 2 ∗ 30 + 2 ∗ 10 + 𝑛 ∗ 16 + (𝑛 − 1) ∗ 30
𝑛 = 5.4 ≈ 5 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟

Use 8 − 30𝑀 = 5600 𝑚𝑚2 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐴𝑠

300 = 2 ∗ 30 + 2 ∗ 10 + 𝑛 ∗ 29.9 + (𝑛 − 1) ∗ 30
𝑛 = 4.17 ≈ 4 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟
Note:
In a real design situation, you will need to calculate the actual cover 𝒅𝒄 based on reinforcement
arrangement and iterate the solution many times until 𝒅𝒄 does not change any more.

(c) Cross-section details (5 Marks)

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni