02/09/2023

Formation Of
Elements

Tayle, Sean Lherick A. 11 ICT - Messenger

Nebula

A nebula is a giant cloud of dust and gas in

space. Some nebulae (more than one nebula)
come from the gas and dust thrown out by the
explosion of a dying star, such as a supernova.
Other nebulae are regions where new stars are
beginning to form.

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Supernova

A supernova is the colossal explosion of a star.

Scientists have identified several types of
supernova. One type, called a “core-collapse”
supernova, occurs in the last stage in the life of
massive stars that are at least eight times larger
than our Sun.

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Alpha Emission

Alpha particles (a) are composite particles

consisting of two protons and two neutrons
tightly bound together (Figure 1). They are
emitted from the nucleus of some radionuclides
during a form of radioactive decay, called alpha-
decay.

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Beta Emission

Beta minus particle (β-) emission occurs when

the ratio of neutrons to protons in the nucleus is
too high. An excess neutron transforms into a
proton and an electron. The proton stays in the
nucleus and the electron is ejected energetically.

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Gamma Emission

A gamma ray (g) is a packet of electromagnetic

energy (photon) emitted by the nucleus of some
radionuclides following radioactive decay.
Gamma photons are the most energetic photons
in the electromagnetic spectrum.

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References:
https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/nebula/en/#:~:text=The%20Short%20Answer%3A,stars%20are%20
beginning%20to%20form.
https://www.energy.gov/science/doe-
explainssupernovae#:~:text=A%20supernova%20is%20the%20colossal,times%20larger%20than%20
ou
https://www.arpansa.gov.au/understanding-radiation/what-is-radiation/ionising-radiation/beta-
particles#:~:text=Beta%20minus%20particle%20(%CE%B2-),the%20electron%20is%20ejected%20ene
rgetically

https://www.arpansa.gov.au/understanding-radiation/what-is-radiation/ionising-radiation/beta-
particles#:~:text=Beta%20minus%20particle%20(%CE%B2-),the%20electron%20is%20ejected%20ene
rgetically
https://www.arpansa.gov.au/understanding-radiation/what-is-radiation/ionising-
radiation/gamma-radiation