UCSP 12

How to Learn from this Module

The following are your guide for the proper use of this module:
To the Parents/Guardian:

UNDERSTANDING 1. Closely monitor your child’s progress.

2. Do not answer the activities for your child. Just guide them in doing it.
3. Support your child. Talk to him/her about his/her journey with this module.

CULTURE SOCIETY PRETEST

Multiple Choice. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

AND POLITICS 12
1. The marriage of a woman to two or more men at the same time.
a. polygamy
c. monogamy
For Senior High School b. polyandry
d. polygyny
2. The basic institution of most societies.
a. family
c. marriage
SECOND MODULE b. b. kinship
d. descent
3. The family structure based on residence that permits the newly married
couple to live independently.
Prepared by : Ma’am Sky
a. patrilocal
c. biolocal
b. matrilocal
d. neolocal
4. This refers to a group whose members are involved in politics. This group can
be seen in families that have been part of the government for several
generations.
a. political alliance
c. political dynasty
b. b. political kinship
d. political descent
5. Kinship based on blood is considered as the most basic and general form of
relations.
a. matrilineal descent
c. consanguineal kinship
MODULE - FIRST MODULE
UCSP 12
b. patrilineal descent d. kinship
d. affinal kinship 12. It refers to the spiritual parents of the child.
6. It refers to the practice of having more than one partner or sexual mate. a. compadrazgo
a. polygamy c. goddaughter
c. endogamy b. b. godson
b. b. monogamy d. parents
d. exogamy 13. When someone finds his/her partner through a matchmaker.
7. A type of family that is made up of a group of people who are united by social a. arranged marriage
ties and is usually made up of two adults and their socially recognized c. fixed marriage
children. b. referred marriage
a. extended family d. diplomatic marriage
c. blended family 14. It refers to the biological origin of a person’s family.
b. complex family a. kinship
d. nuclear family c. descent
8. It happens when the newlywed couple stays with the husband’s relatives and b. b. alliance
the wife’s kin alternately. d. dynasty
a. biolocal residence 15. A marriage where an individual has only one spouse at a time.
c. neolocal residence a. polygamy
b. avuncolocal residence c. endogamy
d. patrilocal family b. polygyny
9. Which type of marriage where the man or woman’s parents determine the d. monogamy
marital partner of the individual?
a. exchange marriage
Kinship, Marriage, and the Household
c. referred marriage Learning Competency:
b. child marriage  Describe the organized nature of social life and rules governing behavior
d. diplomatic marriage (UCSP11/12HSO-Iii-21)
10.It is sometimes called a step family, a reconstituted family, or a complex  Compare different social forms of a social organization according
family. to their manifest and latent functions
a. nuclear family (UCSP11/12HSO -IIj-22)
c. blended family What’s New
b. transnational family Activity 1: FAMILY IS…
d. extended family What is the role of the family in society? Please give three (3) answers.
11.It refers to the type of relations developed when a marriage occurs. 1.
a. consanguineal kinship _______________________________________________________________
c. kinship by ritual _______________________________________________________________
b. affinal kinship _______________________________________________________________
MODULE - FIRST MODULE
UCSP 12
2.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Every society has formed social institutions to meet all their basic needs. One of
these is the institution of the family. The family is the basic unit of society. The
structure of the family may differ from one society to the other. It may change
from one culture to the other as well.
As we grow older (adult), our social group will expand. We will meet new
faces/people in our neighbourhood, in the community, at work, in social
organizations, in social media, etc. By this, we begin to relate ourselves to the
opposite sex by way of having boy-girl relationship. And in the right time, from
there, we will be able to establish a society through a family.
Kinship and Descent
Kinship is a social institution that refers to relations formed between members
of the society.
Descent refers to the origin or background of a person in terms of family or
nationality. It is a biological relationship.
Principles of Descent
Unilineal descent usually traced through a single line of ancestors either from
the patrilineal or matrilineal descent but not both.
Patrilineal descent affiliates a person with a group of relatives through his or
her father.
Matrilineal descent, affiliates a person with a group of relatives through his or
her mother.
Bilateral descent, affiliates a person with a group of relatives through either his
or her parents. Kinship is traced through both ancestral lines of the mother and
the father.
Types of Kinship
Consanguineal kinship or kinship based on blood is considered as the most
basic and general form of relations. The relationship is achieved by birth or
blood affinity. It is commonly called as relatives by blood. Examples are the
relationship or connection between parents and their children, between siblings,
between nephews/nieces and aunts/uncles.
Affinal kinship or kinshipbased on marriage refers to the type of relations
developed when a marriage occurs. The husband forms new relations with his
wife and her family likewise the wife forms new relations with his husband and
his family.
The Family Code of the Philippines defines marriage as a special contract of
permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with
law for the establishment of conjugal and family life. Marriage is an important
social institution wherein two persons, a man and a woman, enter into family
life.
Marriage across Cultures
Endogamy and Exogamy
Endogamy or compulsory marriage, it refers to marriage within their own clan
or ethnic group.
Exogamy or out-marriage, it refers to marriage outside their own clan or ethnic
group.
Monogamy and Polygamy
Monogamy refers to a marriage where an individual has only one spouse at a
time.
Polygamy refers to a marriage of having more than one spouse at a time. It can
be polygyny, the marriage of one man having multiple female partners at the
same time or polyandry is the marriage of one woman having multiple male
partners at the same time.
Referred Marriage and Arrange Marriages
Referred marriage happens when someone finds his/her partner through
friends, relatives or people who act as matchmakers. These matchmakers help
their single friends to find husband or wife by referring them to other single
friends who are also interested in finding a life partner.
Arranged marriage is usually called fixed marriage. It happens when marriage
is decided by the parents of the groom and bride. In this kind of marriage, the
groom and bride are usually chosen by parents, community leaders, or religious
MODULE - FIRST MODULE
UCSP 12
officials to ensure that the young people are guided through the process of
finding the right person to marry.
Types of Arranged Marriages
Child marriage. The parents of a small child arrange a future marriage with
another child's parents. The children are betrothed to each other.
Exchange Marriage. This form of marriage involves a reciprocal exchange of
spouses between two nations, groups, or tribes.
Diplomatic Marriage: Marriages are arranged for political reasons, to cement
alliances between royal families. The monarchs of Europe were all related by
blood due to frequent ambassadorial marriages. This form of marriage occurs
when an arranged marriage has been established between two royal or political
families in order to forge political or diplomatic alliances.
Modern arranged marriage: The parents choose several possible mates for
the child, sometimes with the help of the child (who may indicate which photos
he or she likes, for example). The parents will then arrange a meeting with the
family of the prospective mate, and the two children will often have a short
unsupervised meeting, such as an hour-long walk around the neighborhood.
The child then chooses who they wish to marry (if anyone), although parents
may exert varying degrees of pressure on the child to make a choice.
Post Marital Residency Rules (based on residence)
Patrilocal residence occurs when the married couple stays with or near the
husband’s kin or relatives.
Matrilocal residence occurs when the married couple stays with or near the
wife’s kin or relatives
Biolocal residence happens when the couple stays with the husband’s kin or
the wife’s kin alternately.
Neolocal residence happens when the couple stays or build a home
independently from the husband or wife’s families.
Avuncolocal residence occurs when the couple resides with or near the
maternal uncle of the groom.
Kinship by Ritual
Compadrazgo, literally translated as “godparent”. This can be done through the
performance of Catholic rituals like baptism, confirmation, and marriage. This
“compadrazgo” becomes the spiritual parents of the child or as co-parents to
the child who is referred to as the godson or goddaughter.
Family and the Household
The family is considered the basic unit of social organization. It is made up of a
group of individuals who are linked together by marriage, blood relations, or
adoption.
A nuclear family is a type of family that is made up of a married couple
(parents) and their biological or adopted children.
An extended family is made of two or more nuclear families in a household.
Some of the relatives are living with the nuclear family. It is an expanded
household composed of three or more generations. It may include great
grandparents, grandparents, the parents, the children and other relatives.
A blended family is a type of family where both the parents (father and mother)
have children from previous marital relationships but all the members stay in
one household to form a new family. This is also called a step family, a
reconstituted family, or a complex family.
Conditionally separated family is a type of family where a member is
separated from the rest of the family due to employment, military service,
sickness, etc.
Transnational family is a type of a family who lives in more than one country.
They may spend part of each year from one state to the other. This is caused
due to employment or military service of parents.
Kinship of Politics: Political Dynasties and Alliances
In the Philippines, political dynasties refer to family members who are involved
in politics for several generations. Most politicians elected in public offices and
government positions are relatives.
Political alliances. Political parties tend to align or agree to cooperate to each
other for common political agenda; to ensure victory in the elections or
guarantee the passage of legislation.
Activity 2: MY FAMILY TREE
1. Make your personal “Family Tree”. If possible, place picture in each member
of the family; label it.
2. Use 1/8 size illustration board for this activity. You can use indigenous and
recycled materials. Show your creativity. Agree with your teacher on the other
specifications about the project.
MODULE - FIRST MODULE
UCSP 12
Activity 3: UNFORGETTABLE MOMENT
Inside the box below, draw your unforgettable moment with your family.
Afterwards, briefly discuss your drawing. Be creative.
What I Have Learned
Activity 4: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.
1. Affinal relatives are related by ________ _______.
2. Your kinship relationship with your grandmother is based on ________.
3. Your aunt’s son is your ______________________________________.
4. Your mother’s daughter is your _______________________________.
5. Your father’s son is your ____________________________________.
6. The basic social unit of the society is called _____________________.
7. A union between a man and a woman is called ___________________.
8. Consaguinal relatives are related by ___________________________.
9. Kinship through female’s line is called __________________________.
10. A type of residence where couple lives separately from both parents
______________________.
SUMMARY
 Kinship is a social institution that refers to relations formed between members
of the society.
 Descent refers to the origin or background of a person in terms of family or
nationality. Descent is classified as unilineal descent, patrilineal descent,
matrilineal descent, and bilateral descent.
 Consanguineal kinship or kinship based on blood is considered as the most
basic and general form of relations.
 Affinal kinship or kinship-based on marriage refers to the type of relations
developed when a marriage occurs.
 Marriage across cultures includes endogamy or compulsory marriage and
exogamy or out-marriage.
 Monogamy refers to a marriage where an individual has only one spouse at a
time while polygamy refers to a marriage of having more than one spouse at a
time. Polygamy is classified as polygyny or polyandry
 Referred marriage happens when someone finds his/her partner through
friends, relatives or people who act as matchmakers.
 Arranged marriage is usually called fixed marriage.
 Types of arranged marriages include child marriage, exchange marriage,
diplomatic marriage, and modern arranged marriage.
 Post marital residency rules include patrilocal residence, matrilocal residence,
biolocal residence, neolocal residence, and avuncolocal residence.
 Compadrazgo, literally translated as “godparent”. He or she becomes the
spiritual parents of the child or as co-parents.
 The family is considered the basic unit of social organization. It is made up of
a group of individuals who are linked together by marriage, blood relations, or
adoption.
 Type of families includes nuclear family, extended family, blended family,
conditionally separated family, and transnational family
 Kinship of politics includes political dynasty and political alliance.
ASSESSMENT
Multiple Choice. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. The marriage of a woman to two or more men at the same time.
a. polygamy c. monogamy
b. polyandry d. polygyny
MODULE - FIRST MODULE
UCSP 12
2. The basic institution of most societies. 11.It refers to the type of relations developed when a marriage occurs.
a. family c. marriage a. consanguineal kinship c. kinship by ritual
b. kinship d. descent b. affinal kinship d. kinship
3. The family structure based on residence that permits the newly married 12. It refers to the spiritual parents of the child.
couple to live independently. a. compadrazgo c. goddaughter
a. patrilocal c. biolocal b. godson d. parents
b. matrilocal d. neolocal 13. When someone finds his/her partner through a matchmaker.
4. This refers to a group whose members are involved in politics. This group can a. arranged marriage c. fixed marriage
be seen in families that have been part of the government for several b. referred marriage d. diplomatic marriage
generations. 14. It refers to the biological origin of a person’s family.
a. political alliance c. political dynasty a. kinship c. descent
b. political kinship d. political descent b. alliance d. dynasty
5. Kinship based on blood is considered as the most basic and general form of 15. A marriage where an individual has only one spouse at a time.
relations. a. polygamy c. endogamy
a. matrilineal descent c. consanguineal kinship b. polygyny d. monogamy
b. patrilineal descent d. affinal kinship
6. It refers to the practice of having more than one partner or sexual mate.
a. polygamy c. endogamy
b. monogamy d. exogamy
7. A type of family that is made up of a group of people who are united by
socialties and is usually made up of two adults and their socially recognized
children.
a. extended family c. blended family
b. complex family d. nuclear family
8. It happens when the newlywed couple stays with the husband’s relatives and
the wife’s kin alternately.
a. biolocal residence c. neolocal residence
b. avuncolocal residence d. patrilocal family
9. Which type of marriage where the man or woman’s parents determine the
marital partner of the individual?
a. exchange marriage c. referred marriage
b. child marriage d. diplomatic marriage
10.It is sometimes called a step family, a reconstituted family, or a complex
family.
a. nuclear family c. blended family
b. transnational family d. extended family
MODULE - FIRST MODULE