Challenges in ethical decision making

1. Lack of knowledge of ethical standards:

Society is fast and ever changing. Professionals are remaining committed to ongoing
learning and development within the specified profession.
2. Financial incentives:
Ethical dilemmas are often present in the form of gifts or rewards.
3. Perfectionism:
A large barrier of the ethical problem-solving process is that the fear of not making a
good decision.
4. Fear of criticism:
No one likes to be criticised. Thus, making some rules sometimes under the ethical
dilemmas due to being criticised by other people.
5. Personal and professional immaturity:
Immaturity involves acting on and implementing decisions. Thus, it can be defined as
acting impulsively without any conviction.
6. Lack of decision-making model:
Decision s that are made impulsively fail to acknowledge the extent of the dilemma
and the process.

Grievances
 Grievances may be any genuine or imaginary feeling of dissatisfaction or injustice
which an employee experiences about his job and its nature, about the management
policies and procedures.
 Grievance is a formal dispute between an employee and management on the condition
of employment.
 A grievance is a complain of one or more workers with respect to salary, conditions of
work, and interpretation of service, conditions covering such areas such as overtime,
leave, transfer, promotion, seniority, job assignment and termination of service.
Forms of grievances:
1. Factual: a factual grievance arises when the needs of employees remain unfulfilled.
2. Imaginary: when an employee’s dissatisfaction is not because of any valid reason but
because of wrong perception, attitude or wrong information he has.
3. Disgust: an employee may have dissatisfaction for reasons that are unknown to
himself, for example, under family pressure, friends, relatives, work atmosphere, etc.

Reasons for grievances:

1. Economic: employees may feel that they are paid less as compared to others.
2. Work environment: poor physical conditions of the workplace, defective tools and
equipment, poor quality of materials, unfair rules, etc.
3. Supervision: attitudes of the supervisor towards the employee such as perceived
notion of bias, nepotism, cast affiliation are the reason of grievances.
4. Work group: if group of workers suffer from feelings of neglect, humiliated then
problems will start.
5. Miscellaneous: this includes issues relating to certain violations with respect to
promotions, safety methods, transfer, medical facilities, etc.