“

AN ORGANIZATIONAL STUDY

ON DELTAS TRADE LINK , DINDIGUL

MASTEROFBUSINESSADMINISTRATION

Of

ANNAUNIVERSITY,CHENNAI

Submitted By

DINESH KUMAR R
REG NO: 921321631025

Under the guidance of

DR.P.S. VenkateswaranM.Sc.,M.B.A.,M.Phil.,Ph.D.

Assistant professor

DEPARTMENTOFMANAGEMENTSTUDIES

PSNACOLLEGEOFENGINEERINGANDTECHNOLOGY,DINDIGU
L–624622,TAMILNADU

AUGUST2022
 DEPARTMENTOFMANAGEMENTSTUDIES

PSNACOLLEGEOFENGINEERINGANDTECHNOLOGY,DINDIG
UL–624622,TAMILNADU

Thisistocertifythat,thisisabonafide

RecordofprojectBy

DINESH KUMAR R
REG NO:921321631025

Submittedinpartialfulfillmentoftherequirementsfortheawardofdegreeof

MASTEROFBUSINESSADMINISTRATION

Of

ANNAUNIVERSITY,CHENNAI

Place:Dindigul

Date : HOD

Department of Management Studies

SignatureoftheFacultyGuide:

Examiners:
 BONAFIDECERTIFICATE

Certified that the internship training report titled “AN ORANIZATIONAL

DELTAS TRADE LINK.(DINDIGUL)” is the bonafide work of DINESH
KUMAR R,who carried out the research under my supervision. Certificate further, that
tothe best my knowledge, the work reported herein does not form part of any other projectreport
or dissertation on the basis of which, a degree or award was conferred on an earlieroccasion on
this or any other candidate.

Place:

DindigulDate:

Dr.P.S.
VenkateswaranM.Sc.,M.B.A.,MPhil.,Ph.
D.,

Assistant professor
Department of Management
Studies,PSNACollegeofEngg&Tech.

Dindigul – 624 622.

HOD
DEPARTMEN
T OF
MANAGEMEN
T STUDIES
 DECLARATION BY THE STUDENT

I DINESH KUMARthe under signed here by declare that this project

worken titled“ORANIZATIONAL STUDY IN DELTAS TRADE LINK.
(DINDIGUL)”” is my original work and submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirementsfor the award of degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS
ADMINISTRATION, ANNAUNIVERSITY,CHENNAI.

Place: DindiguL

Date : (DINESH KUMAR R)

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

My very special gratitude and heart felt thanks to our beloved Chairperson and Directors for
their blessings and wishes to carry our my project work.

I would like to express my deep gratitude to our Principal Dr.S.Sakthivel for permitting me
to undertake this project work.

It is my great pleasure to express my sincere gratitude and thanks toDr.S.Manimaran,Head

of the Department , Department of Management Studies fortheir valuable suggestions and
support for my project work.

I am extremely thankful to my project guide

Dr.P.S.Venkateswaran,M.Sc.,M.B.A.,MPhil.,Ph.D.,Assistant professor,Department of
Management Studies for his kind support and guidance to complete this project successfully.

I wish to express my sincere thanks toDELTAS TRADE LINK.(DINDIGUL)for allowing

me todo this project in their reputed concern.

I am also thankful to all the faculty members, Department of Management Studies for their
support and co-operation during the course of my project work. I would also like to thank
my parents,friends and well wishers who encouraged me to complete this project
successfully.

Place: Dindigul

Date : (DINESH KUMAR R)

 TABLEOFCONTENTS

CHAPTER CONTENT P.NO

I ABSTRACT
II 2.INTRODUCTIONABOUTTHEINTERNSHIP
III 3.PROFILEOFTHESTUDY
3.1 Industrial background of study
3.2 Origin of the industry
3.3 Growth of the industry

IV 4ABOUTTHECOMPANY
4.1.1Vision, Mission:
4.1.2Products of the company
4.1.3 History
4.1.4SWOTANALYSIS
V 5.organizational Chart
VI 6.BUSINESSLEVELFUNCTIONS
6.1PRODUCTIONDEPARTMENT
6.2HUMANRESOURCE DEPARTMENT
6.3QUALITYCONTROLDEPARTMENT
6.4MARKETINGDEPARTMENT
6.5FINANCEDEPARTMENT
VII KEYLEARNINGANDOUTCOMES
VIII 8.FINDINGS,SUGGESTIONS&CONCLUSIONS
Bibliography

1
 CHAPTER-I

ABSTRACT

This research paper investigates the relationship between employee work motivationand their
performance in the workplace and business productivity. It examines the main and common motivation
theories and different approaches to motivate employees. The main aimis to find a correlation between
employees work motivation and their performance and the performance effect on business
productivity.Concerns were found with the employees motivation and performance and the relationship
between them clearly defined in the literature review and lately have been discussed in the findings and
discussions based on thedata analysis done. In order to collect data, interview has been done for people
from seven different operational as well technical divisions in the organization.

The findings showed that employee motivation at Equator bottlers was influenced by employees‘
performance recognition, working conditions, training and development. As a result, the study
recommended that since employee motivation remained an under studied is sue among deltas trade link

2
 CHAPTER-II

2. INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE INTERNSHIP

The internship program is designed to provide students engaged in a field experience

with an opportunity to share their insights, to explore the links between students' academic
preparation and their field work, and to assist participants in developing and carrying out the
major research project which will serve to culminate their internship experience.

Internships are individualized and tailored to the needs and interests of each student in the
program. As part of the internship experience, students are expected to take an active role in
finding an appropriate internship for themselves. Many students pursue their own contacts;
however, information is available on Locating InternshipSites.

3
 CHAPTER-III

3. PROFILEOFTHESTUDY

INDUSTRYPROFILE

In India, incence sticks, also called Agarbatti (Agar: from Dravidian probably Tamil

அகில் (agil), அகிர்(agir)., Sanskrit vatti: "wound" or "grief” are a large part of the
economy and  in the region.

 The basic ingredients of an incense stick are bamboo sticks, paste (generally made
of charcoal dust or sawdust and joss/jiggit/gum/tabu powder – an adhesive made
from the bark of litseaglutinosa and other trees), and the perfume ingredients –
which traditionally would be a masala (powder of ground ingredients) though more
commonly is a solvent of perfumes and/or essential oils. After the base paste has
been applied to the bamboo stick, it is either, in the traditional method, while still
moist, immediately rolled into the masala, or, more commonly, left for several days
to dry, and then dipped into the scented solvent.
 Various resins, such as amber, myrrh, frankincense, and  (the resin of a tree) are
used in traditional masala incense, usually as a fragrant binding ingredient, and
these will add their distinctive fragrance to the finished incense. Some resins, such
as gum Arabic, may be used where it is desirable for the binding agent to have no
fragrance of its own. Halmaddi has a particular interest to Western
consumers, possibly through its association with the popular Satya Nag Champa.

The product Dhoopbatti (Incense sticks) is now-a-days becoming very

popular in ritual ceremonies like havan etc. In market Dhoopbatti is also sold in bulk
quantities. The local vendors do repacking in small quantities. Hence, it is presumed that if
this type of unit is set up in Kanpur or nearby area it will earn good profit.

4
 In our Indian society, Dhoop, DhoopBatti, Agarbatti, all these are taken as
synonymous of incense sticks because these are burnt for fragrance. But dhoop or
dhoopbatti is not same with agarbatti. And the term incense sticks actually refers to
agarbatti and not for dhoopbatti. DhoopBatti is prepared from the extracts of the dhoop
trees, which are botanically termed as Vateria Indica and Canarium strictum.

The dhoop making extracts is collected form the tree by tapping the trees just like
in case of rubber. Vateria Indica is the source for sakadhoopa and canarium strictum is the
soruce for raladhoopa. IN market dhoopbatti is available not exactly in stick form but as a
bit damp paste of combustible material, somewhat similar to putting but black in colour.
Dhoopbatti paste is a mixture of ghee, herbs and dhoop tree extracts. These pastes are
available in cones or thick sticks. Moreover, now days Dhoopbatti are found in various
fragrances like panchdham, kesar, nag campa etc.

Where asagarbatti is a mixture of powdered wood, charcoal, barks, seeds, leaves,

roots, rhizomes, flowers etc. mixed with some essential oil, mineral oil, resins, gums and
aromatic chemicals etc. The paste is applied on to a bamboo core stick and dried up.
Dhoopbatti usually forms more smoke than agarbatti. It is mainly used during ritual
ceremonies like havan and all holy occasions. The scent of Dhoopbatti is also strong and
creates a spiritual mood. The Dhoop trees are mostly found in eastern India. But
unfortunately these trees are at the verge of being extinct, because of its heavy
deforestation owing to their good market value.

5
INDUSTRIAL BACKGROUND OF STUDY:

The name Dhoop came from the name of tree called Dhoop which
indigeneous to eastern India. A chip from these trees imparts pleasant fragrance when they
are burnt. Dhoop or Dhoopbatti is not similar to incense stick or Agarbatti. Even from
physical appearance they are different. Incense dry and found as a stick but Dhoop is a
found in paste form with little bit of dampness in it

Different types of dhoopbatti

1. Charcoal Type: In preparation of this kind of dhoopbatti an unscented stick is

dipped in mixture made up of essential perfumes and oils. Additionally charcoal is
added that will act as a fuel to burn the dhoop. For the purpose of binding the
mixture to the stick black resins are used which impart the property of binding.
2. Masala Dhoop: As the name suggests masala dhoop is made by mixing variety of
aromatic ingredients to prepare a solid Dhoopbatti. Then by using water or other
adhesives it is made into a sticky paste. Different types of natural ingredients such
as sandalwood, rubber resins, natural oils, root extracts, and leaves and stem of
different medicinal plants are utilized for preparation of masala Dhoop.

6
Method of preparation

in this kind of preparation of incense with the help of mortar and pestle, the plant
products such as (LemonGrass Oil (Cymbopogon lexuosus), Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum),
Neem (Azadirachta indica) along with Maida, Saw dust, Loban (Styrax benzoin), Rui
(Calotropis gigantea), Durva grass (Cynodondactylon), Ashoka (Saracaasoca), etc), were
crushed with distilled water and then it is mixed with fresh cow dung. As per publications
it has been said that ratio of cow dung and plant paste should be in the ratio of 1:1. After
that the mixture is made into incense stick or cards or coils as per need and then the final
product can be dried under sun or in oven at 70 degree Celsius.

Evaluation of chemical properties of incense stick powders is performed by

electrical conductivity. pH is determined by use of pH meter. FTIR of incense sticks are
done by preparing KBr pellet technique and then the analysis done by Perkin-Elmer,
spectrum 6500 with resolution of 2 cm-1. FTIR helps in determining the functional group
present in the incense stick powder. XRD analysis is performed for the identification of
different phases present in the incense stick powder. XRD analysis verifies whether there
is amorphous phase and crystalline phase in incense stick powder. XRD pattern can be
recorded using Philips X’PERT PRO instrument equipped X’celerometer in the 2θ range
of 20-70 with a step size of 0.02 and a time of 5 seconds per step at 40 kV and a current of
30 mA.

7
BENEFITS OF USING DHOOP

 Dhoop imparts benefits to body, mind and soul. Dhoop incense is known to improve

concentration that can help us while studying, doing meditation and it also prevents
infections, relieves headaches, fights depression, and reduces anxiety and tension.
 Dhoop sticks due to its soothing fragrances helps in calming the mind as well as

creates a peaceful atmosphere around.

 The resins and herbs used in preparation of Dhoop sticks, are having beneficial

effects on patients of asthma, bronchitis and cold.

USES OF INCENSE AND DHOOP

Dhoopare known to impart antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial are referred to the

agents which has the ability to either kill or stop the growth of microbes. Antimicrobial
medicines are classifies based the microorganisms they act on. For example, antibiotics are
used against bacteria and antifungals are used against fungi. Antimicrobials are also
classified according to their function. Agents capable of killing the micro-organism are
termed as microbicidal, and others who stop their growth are known as biostatic. As
incenses are prepared from many herbs that have microbial property, so it imparts anti-
microbial activity.

8
 ABOUT THE COMPANY

 "Delta's Trade Link" are reckoned organization in the market, highly involved in

manufacturing a broad collection of Incense Stick, Jumbo Cup, and Mini Cup. These
products are manufactured at our manufacturing unit by making use of high-grade raw
material and ultra modern technology in compliance with international quality norms and
guidelines. These products which we offer are provided to our customers in customization
facility as per the demands and requirements of our customers. Along with this, these are
offered to our customers at very pocket-friendly prices within the postulated time frame.

We have a highly proficient and qualified team of craftsmen and other

professionals, who work in complete association with each other. Each individual is highly
devoted and strives to execute to the best of one's abilities. We support our team of
professionals to keep them self-updated with the latest market information and trends so as
to stay tune with going on knowledge. Due to their hard work and insistence, we have
achieved a ladder of success and growth in the industry. Satisfying our patron's needs and
demands for the superior quality products manufactured to their specifications and needs
continue to be our oblique furtive of success.

Our team of highly experienced and adroit professionals makes us capable to attain
the topmost position in the market by providing our clients with this beautiful collection of
Incense Stick, Jumbo Cup, and Mini Cup. Our team of adroit personnel is hired after
conducting the several rounds of interviews in order to test their knowledge and skills. All
our designers are very much aware of all the market trend and design this beautiful range
accordingly.

9
Our Mission

To assume the highest level of customer satisfaction by pursuing professionalism in

all walks of business.To maintain the financial strength of the company to
continuously enable it to achieve its objectives of existence

Our Vision

To be an industry leader and delight the consumer by fulfilling their

olfactory,religious, and cultural needs.

Our Heritage

The Story of the Delta’s Trade Link is what we have inherited from the past, to value and
enjoy in the present, and to preserve and pass on to future generation.

10
11
PRODUCT QUALITY:
The definition of products quality is complicated.

Products quality is making a product flawless and useful, thereby meeting all the
requirements/expectations of the consumers.

Also, if any complication is raised in the future about the usage of that product, rectifying
it for the better and make it the best again.

So, the products quality is not a static term; it is always dynamic as it evolves to meet the
consumer’s requirement of the product.

Products Quality decides the overall goodness of a product and maintaining it is very
important for businesses.

CLIENT CENTRIC APPROACHES

Client-centric, also known as customer-centric, is a strategy and a culture of doing
business that focuses on creating the best experience for the customer, and by doing so
builds brand loyalty. Client-centric businesses ensure that the customer is at the center of
a business's philosophy, operations, or ideas. Client-centric businesses believe that their
clients are the primary reason that they exist, and they use every means at their disposal to
keep the client satisfied.

EFFICIENT WORKFORCE

Workforce planning, also known as strategic workplace planning, is the process of

analyzing, forecasting and planning workforce supply and demand. It involves reviewing
current staff, examining current and future personnel needs and identifying gaps between
the supply and demand.

12
By identifying gaps, organizations may plan effectively to ensure their organization has
properly skilled employees in the correct roles.

This helps support the organization in maintaining efficient operations and achieveing
goals

Organizations may use workforce planning to plan their hiring strategies appropriately. It
helps them identify who they need to hire, when they should hire them and why it's
important to hire them. There are two common workforce planning models that
organizations may use:

OPERATIONAL WORKFORCE PLANNING

STRATEGIC WORKFORCE PLANNING

COMPETITIVE PRICES

Competitive pricing is a type of pricing strategy where businesses establish market prices
for their products that are the same as market prices for similar competitor products. 

13
JUMBO CUP SAMBARANI

Our product range includes a wide range of sampradayam jumbo cup sambrani, kamali
jumbo cup sambrani, panchavarnam jumbo cup sambrani and aradhana jumbo cup
sambrani.Riding on unfathomable volumes of industrial expertise, we are engaged in
offering a broad assortment of Sampradayam Jumbo Cup Sambrani.

MINI CUP LOBAN

Pioneers in the industry, we offer aradhana mini cup loban, kamali mini cup loban,
sambradayam mini cup loban and panchavarnam mini cup loban from India. Being a
leading firm in this industry, we are offering a high quality range of Aradhana Mini Cup
Loban.

14
SAMBARANI STICK

Providing you the best range of panchavarnamsambarani stick, sambradayamsambrani

stick, kamalisambrani stick and aradhanasambrani stick with effective & timely delivery.

Owing to the dedication of our diligent professionals, we have earned a reputed name in
offering the finest quality assortment of PanchavarnamSambarani Stick. Our incense sticks
are processed utilizing aromatic ingredients that give surety of divine fragrance. Build
soothing atmosphere for long period, our sticks are hugely demanded in all purposes. Not
only this, we are offering these sticks to our precious clients at market leading prices.

15
SAMBRANI CUP

Leading Manufacturer of sampradayam premium cup sambrani, jee boom baa magic cup
sambrani, kamali regular superior cup sambrani and aradhana real cup sambirani from
Dindigul.With our in-depth knowledge of this domain, we are actively engaged in
providing an excellent quality range of Sampradayam Premium Cup Sambrani.

SAMPRADAYAM AGARBATTI

Leading Manufacturer of sampradayamsambrani cups and sambrani cups from Dindigul.

We are a reputed entity, engaged in offering a qualitative array of Agarbatti

SWOT ANALYSIS
16
STRENGTHS

 Good market image

 Loyal customers
 In home facility of production

WEAKNESS

 Uncertain changes of promotion

 No previous project planning experiences

 Salary package less attractive

OPPORTUNITIES

 Need to increase market shares

 Introduction of new variety

THREATS

 Business partners has little loyalty

 Low price offered by the competitors

17
18
CHAPTER-V

ORANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

19
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21
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23
24
25
26
 CHAPTER–VI

6.BUSINESSLEVELFUNCTIONS

6.1 PRODUCTION

DEPARTMENT

Production may be partly or completely by hand, or partly or completely by machine. There are
semi-automatic machine for applying paste, semi-automatic machine for perfume-dipping, semi-
automatic machine for packing, or fully automated machines which apply paste and scent, though
the bulk of production is done by hand-rolling at home. There are about 5,000 incense companies in
India which take raw un-perfumed sticks hand-rolled by approximately 200,000 women working
part-time at home, apply their own brand of perfume, and package the sticks for sale.An experienced
home-worker can produce 4,000 raw sticks a day. There are about 25 main companies, who together
account for up to 30% of the market, and around 500 of the companies, including a significant
number of the main companies, are based in Bangalore. The state of Karnataka, referred to as the
Capital of Agarbathi (Incense Sticks), is the leading producer of the agarbathi in India,
with Mysore and Bangalore being the main manufacturing centres of scented agarbatti and Gaya,
Bihar was the manufacturing hub of unscented agarbatti.] The Mysore region is recognised as a
pioneer in the activity of agarbathi manufacturing and this is one of the main cluster activities that
exist in the city. In recent years, growth in the production of agarbathi (incense sticks), Dhoop-
Deep] has been seen in every part of India. There are plenty of manufacturers in Maharashtra,Gaya
and Gujrat and the western India agarbatti market is totally dominated by them. At a national level,
the most prominent manufacturers include N. Ranga Rao & Sons with their Cycle Pure
Agarbathies, PremaNature with their Natural Vedic Incense Sticks Patanjali with their Aastha
agarbatti, Samun Agarbatti with their gaya darshan and ITC with their Mangaldeep

ECONOMY
India is one of the world's top incense producing countries,. It was the largest exporter of incense
until 2015, after several years of reduced import tariffs as a result of the ASEAN-India Free Trade
Agreement. Subsequently, the Indian Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India) increased tariffs on
incense imports in 2019 and 2020. Under the aegis of the "Atma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan", the
government of India approved an incense production and employment program on August 2, 2020. The
27
program is called "Khadi Agarbatti Atma Nirbhar Mission", and was proposed by the Khadi Village
Industries Commission (KVIC) of India. Under this scheme, the incense artisans will be provided
automatic agarbatti and powder-mixing machines through private business partners. One quarter of the
cost of each unit will be borne by KVIC via a subsidy, while the remnant will be paid through loans by
the artisans

DHOOP
Dhoop is a type of extruded incense, lacking a core bamboo stick. Many dhoops have very
concentrated scents and emit a lot of smoke when burned. Well known is Chandan Dhoop, a formulation
containing a high percentage of sandalwood. In South India dhoop is also referred to as sambrani as it
often also contains high proportions of benzoin resin such as used in PremaNature Vedic Dhoop.
The first step in the Dhoop manufacturing process is the mixing of raw materials to formthe
rubber compound. Railcars deliver large quantities of natural and synthetic rubber, carbonblack, sulfur,
and other chemicals and oils, all of which are stored until needed. Computercontrol systems contain
various recipes and can automatically measure out specific batches ofrubber and chemicals for mixing.
Gigantic mixers, hanging like vertical cement mixers, stirtherubberandchemicalstogether in
batchesweighingup to1,100 pounds.
Each mix is then refilled with additional heating to soften the batch and mix thechemicals. In a
third step, the batch goes through a mixer again, where additional chemicalsare added to form what is
known as the final mix. During all three steps of mixing, heat andfriction are applied to the batch to soften
the rubber and evenly distribute the chemicals.Thechemical composition of each batch depends on the
Dhoop part—certain rubber formulations areusedforthe body, other formulas forthe beads,
andothersforthe tread.
Body,beads,andtread
Once a batch of rubber has been mixed, it goes through powerful rolling mills thatsqueeze
the batch into thick sheets. These sheets are then used to make the specific parts oftheDhoop. The
Dhoop body, for instance, consists of strips of cloth-like fabric that are covered withrubber. Each
strip of rubberized fabric is used to form a layer called a ply in the Dhoop body. Apassenger car
Dhoopmayhaveasmanyasfourplies in thebody.

TherubberfortheDhooptreadandsidewallstravelsfromthebatchmixertoanothertype of
processing machine called an extruder. In the extruder, the batch is further mixed andheated and is
then forced out through a dime—a shaped orifice—to form a layer of rubber.Sidewall rubber is
covered with a protective plastic sheet and rolled. Tread rubber is slicedintostrips and loaded
intolarge,flatmetalcasescalled books.

Dhoop-building machine

The rolls of sidewall rubber, the books containing tread rubber, and the racks of After the green
Dhoop is made, it isput in a mold for curing. Shaped like a clam, the moldcontainsalarge, flexible
28
balloon. The Dhoop is placed over the balloon (bladder), and the moldcloses.Next, steam is
pumped into the balloon, expanding it to shape the Dhoop against the sides of
themold.Aftercooling, the Dhoopis inflated and tested.

29
30
31
 RAWMATERIALTESTING
Incense is aromatic biotic material that releases fragrant smoke when burnt. The term is used for
either the material or the aroma.] Incense is used for aesthetic reasons,
religious worship, aromatherapy, meditation, and ceremony. It may also be used as a simple deodorant
or insect repellent.

Incense is composed of aromatic plant materials, often combined with essential oilsThe forms
taken by incense differ with the underlying culture, and have changed with advances in technology and
increasing number of uses

Incense can generally be separated into two main types: "indirect-burning" and "direct-burning".
Indirect-burning incense (or "non-combustible incense") is not capable of burning on its own, and
requires a separate heat source. Direct-burning incense (or "combustible incense") is lit directly by a
flame and then fanned or blown out, leaving a glowing ember that smoulders and releases a smoky
fragrance. Direct-burning incense is either a paste formed around a bamboo stick, or a paste that is
extruded into a stick or cone shape.

 Fuel and oxidizer mixtures: Charcoal or wood powder provides the fuel for combustion while an

oxidizer such as sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate sustains the burning of the incense. Fragrant
materials are added to the base prior to shaping, as in the case of powdered incense materials, or after,
as in the case of essential oils. The formula for charcoal-based incense is superficially similar to black
powder, though it lacks the sulphur.
 Natural plant-based binders: Gums such as Gum Arabic or Gum Tragacanth are used to bind the
mixture together. Mucilaginous material, which can be derived from many botanical sources, is
mixed with fragrant materials and water. The mucilage from the wet binding powder holds the
fragrant material together while the cellulose in the powder combusts to form a stable ember when lit.
The dry binding powder usually comprises about 10% of the dry weight in the finished incense. These
include:
o Makko (incense powder) made from the bark of various trees in the genus Persia (such as Persea
thunbergii)
o Xiangnan pi (made from the bark of trees of genus Phoebe such as Phoebe nanmu or Persea
zuihoensis.
o Jigit: a resin based binder used in India
o Laha or Dar: bark based powders used in Nepal, Tibet, and other East Asian countries.
32
 A creel room is a facility that houses hundredsof fabric or wire spools that are
fedintothecalendar.Calendarsutilizedownstreamequipmentforshearingandsplicingcalendaredc
omponents.

Dhoopbuilding

Building is the process of assembling all the components onto a Dhoop building
drum.Dhoop-building machines (TBM) can be manually operated or fully automatic. Typical
TBMoperations include the first-stage operation, where inner liner, body plies, and sidewalls
arewrapped around the drum, the beads are placed, and the assembly turned up over the bead.
Inthe second stage operation, the carcass of the Dhoop is inflated, then the belt package and
treadareapplied.

All components require splicing. Inner liner and body plies are spliced with a square-
ended overlap. Tread and sidewall are joined with a skived splice, where the joining ends
arebevel-cut. Belts are spliced end to end with no overlap. Splices that are too heavy or non-
symmetricalwillgeneratedefectsinforcevariation,balance,orbulgeparameters.Splicesthat are
too light or open can lead to visual defects and in some cases Dhoop failure. The
finalproductoftheTBMprocessiscalledagreenDhoop,wheregreenreferstotheuncuredstate.

Pirelli Dhoop developed a special process called MIRS that uses robots to position
androtates the building drums under stations that apply the various components, usually
viaextrusion and strip winding methods. This permits the equipment to build different
Dhoopsizesin consecutive operations without the need to change tooling or setups. This
process is wellsuitedto small volume production with frequent sizechanges.

ThelargestDhoopmakershaveinternallydevelopedautomatedDhoop-
assemblymachinesin an effort to create competitive advantages in Dhoop construction
precision, high

33
productionyield,andreducedlabour.Nevertheless,thereisalargebaseofmachinebuilderswhoprod
uceDhoop-buildingmachines.

34
 6.2 HUMANRESOURCEDEPARTMENT

DEFINITION

A human resources (HR) department performs essential tasks for a business

such as recruiting, hiring, training, procuring benefits and acting as a liaison
between employees and management. These duties are essential to the
operations and success of a business. Read about the functions of an HR
department and get answers to frequently asked questions about HR. 

A human resources department represents the interests of the individual employees and the
overall mission of the business. Depending on the size and scope of a company, an HR
department can perform a variety of roles and responsibilities. For a small business, a
dedicated HR specialist may cover all HR functions, while in bigger companies,
specialized departments will handle hiring, benefits, employee development and other
processes.

In recent years, the role of HR has expanded as companies recognize that it’s cost-
effective to invest in employee development and retention. Better-trained and happier
employees are more productive. They also tend to innovate and are more invested in their
employers’ success.

Additionally, employers recognize that increased complexity in employment laws make

the expertise of HR professionals increasingly valuable.

 Recruitment&selection
35
  TrainingandDevelopment

 PerformanceEvaluationandManagement

 Promotions

 Redundancy

 IndustrialandEmployeeRelations

FUNCTIONS OF HR DEPARTMENT

An HR department is responsible for:

 Hiring and training

 Payroll and benefits
 Employee development
 Employee relations
 Compliance with labor and tax laws

Hiring and training

HR is responsible for resourcing and recruiting high-quality talent and placing them in the right positions.
HR writes job postings, interviews and screens potential candidates and is responsible for onboarding new
hires. They create and implement training manuals, employee handbooks and supervise employee
development and, sometimes, performance reviews. For most HR departments, the goal is to ensure that
all employees have the tools and training they need to perform their jobs effectively.

Payroll and benefits

In many companies, the HR department is responsible for payroll and managing employee
benefits. HR ensures accurate reporting of employee hours and that employees are paid on time. They are
also responsible for procuring, designing and educating employees on benefits packages. As part of their
responsibilities maintaining benefits, they may also manage paid time off. 

36
Employee development
HR is responsible for onboarding, training and development of employees. Their duties can
include supervising employee performance reviews and structuring employee development programs that
help employees develop skills and their careers through mentorships, cross-training and education. 

Employee relations
HR oversees relations between employees and management. They also mediate between
employers and employee unions. HR is often responsible for structuring and supervising the escalation
process for disciplinary actions. 

  HR may also be responsible for increasing employee engagement and retention. They may design
incentive and recognition programs and perform employee surveys to ensure that employees are satisfied
and happy in their work environments. 

Compliance with labor laws

HR is responsible for enforcing labor laws that protect employees. For example, they may ensure
that employees receive the proper break periods and work schedules. They also ensure that hiring and
other employment-related practices are not discriminatory. Finally, they may be responsible for
investigating all disputes or harassment complaints.

37
BASICKEY AREASOFHR DEPARTMENTOFAMODERNCONCERN
Human Resources may set strategies and develop policies, standards, systems, and
processesthatimplementthesestrategies in awholerangeof areas

Someofthemare:-

 Recruitment,selection,andon-boarding(resourcing)

 Organizationaldesignanddevelopment

 Businesstransformationandchangemanagement

 Performance,conductandbehaviourmanagement

 Industrialandemployeerelations

 Humanresources(workforce)analysisandworkforce

 Personneldatamanagement

Key responsibilities
Design HR Roadmap for Dhoop business in alignment with the business needs and
leadershipforaninclusivework culture

End to end HR responsibilities for the Plant & Sales Office with strength of 1000+
employeesShopfloorManagement-
includinglabourrelations,trackingofsettlementagreements,managethe MOUs

Talent Management - to plan and deploy relevant and appropriate development

initiativesCompliancetoLaborLaws -reviewsandalignsonaperiodical compliancecheck

Supportbusinessmanagement- bypresentingthecurrentandpotentialscenariosfrompeopleperspectives

Othersuccessfactors

Conceptual Knowledge in HR processes including global

toolsExpertiseinLaborLawsandtheirinterpretations

Hands-onwithrecruitment,training,competencydevelopment

MONETARYBENEFITS

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  Pensions/additionalvoluntarycontributions

 Permanenthealthinsurance/criticalillnesscover

 Bonusesandincentivepay

 Benefitsandnon-cashrecognition

 Sickpay

 Payreviews

 Equal pay

NON–MONETARYBENEFITS

 Transport facility

 Housing

 Medical

 Insurance

EMPLOYEES

OverallEmployeesengagedin30,000directandindirectEmployees.Especiallyengagedwith
above200+Employees

WORKINGHOURS

45hours perweek

39
 SHIFTDETAILS

 Firstshift:7am-3pm

 Secondshift: 3pm-11pm

 Thirdshift:11pm-7am

 Generalshift: 8am-4.30pm

HUMANRESOURCE DEPARTMENTCHART

TrainingandDevelopment:

Thoseprocessesthatwork on anemployeeonboardforhisskillsandabilities up gradation

EmployeeRemuneration

The processinvolvesdeciding
uponsalariesandwages,Incentives,FringeBenefitsandPerquisitesetc.

 Childlabor–thereisnochildlabor

 Shift– no. of– timingduration hour– 8 hours

 Howmanypeople working – 284peoples are working

 Trainingfacilities,howmanydays–6 monthprovide

 Employeehowmanydaythe leave will beprovided with the salary– 2 days

 How much they losing the salary – 2 days

 Permission benefiters is available in a month – No

40


41
KEY RESPONSIBILITIES OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGER

Human Resource Manager is one of the most important key to open a lock hanging
onthe door of success in an organization. If a Human Resource Manager is efficient enough
tohandle and to take out best from his team members any organization and can achieve
morefrom his target goals. Human Resource manager plays a very important role in
hierarchy, andalso in between the higher management and low level employees. Stated below
are majorresponsibilitiesofHumanResourceManager:-

NO.OFWORKERS

Male 186
Female 98
Totalworkers 284

42
It includes skilled employees ,unskilled employees, labourers and technicians.

43
OFFICETIME

The office time is also come under the HRDepartment.The office time carries out the following

function.

 Attendancedetail

 Leavedetails

 Wagecalculation

 Dailyreports.

44
6.3 QUALITY CONTROL

DEPARTMENTWhatIs Quality Control?

Quality control (QC) is a process through which a business seeks to ensure

thatproduct quality is maintained or improved. Quality control requires the business to create
anenvironment in which both management and employees strive for perfection. This is done
bytraining personnel, creating benchmarks for product quality and testing products to check
forstatisticallysignificant variations.

A major aspect of quality control is the establishment of well-defined controls.

Thesecontrols help standardize both production and reactions to quality issues. Limiting
room forerror by specifying which production activities are to be completed by which
personnelreduces the chance that employees will be involved in tasks for which they do not
haveadequatetraining.

Qualitycontrolbeginswiththesuppliersoftherawmaterials.Today,aDhoopmanufacturer
seeks suppliers who test the raw materials before they are delivered to the
Dhoopplant.Amanufacturerwilloftenenterintospecialpurchasingagreementswithafewsuppliers
who provide detailed certification of the properties and composition of the rawmaterials.

To insure the certification of suppliers, Dhoop company chemists make random tests
ofthe raw materials as they are delivered. Throughout the batch mixing process, samples of
therubber are drawn and tested to confirm different properties such as tensile strength
anddensity.

Quality is essential for the safety and satisfaction of consumers. The

BridgestoneGroup established the Quality Mission Statement to engage every employee in
contributing tobuildingqualityproducts, servicesandsolutionsthatexceedcustomer‘s
expectation.

45
 The Quality Mission Statement enables the future direction of the Bridgestone
Group,based on the spirit of its founder, Shojiro Ishibashi, by advancing the Bridgestone
DNA andproudheritageofqualityandcontinualimprovementtonewgenerationsofemployees.

46
  Ensuring that appropriate processes are implemented to fully satisfy customer
needsandexpectations and Companyobjectives;

 Defininganddocumentingtheresponsibility,authorityandinterrelationofkeypersonnelma
nagingthequalitysystems;

 Providingadequateresourcesforimplementingandmaintainingthequalitysystems;

 Conductingscheduledmanagementreviewsofthequalitysystemstoassesstheircontinueds
uitability,adequacy,effectiveness andefficiency;

 Decidingon actions for continual qualityimprovement

Quality assurance in Dhoop manufacturing

TheBridgestoneGroupstrivestoimprovequalityintheglobalmanufacturingprocesses so
that it can continue to meet growing expectations by providing innovative,industry-
leadingproductsforcustomers.

Thesocio-economiccontextoftheintroductionofquality control10wasoneofeconomic
devastation and turmoil following defeat in the Second World War. By the end
ofthewar,alargetechnologicalgaphadbuiltupbetweenJapanandotherindustrializedcountries
because of the increasing isolation leading up to and during the War and the majoradvances
in technology and management methods made by the Allies during Japan'speriodof isolation.
There were many in Japan who regarded the backwardness of Japanese industryand the
poorqualityof its products as amajorcauseof its defeat in the War.

QUALITY SYSTEMS

A quality system is defined as the organizational structure, responsibilities,

processes,proceduresandresourcesforimplementingqualitymanagement.Qualitymanagementin
cludes those aspects of the overall management function that determine and implement
theCompany quality policy and quality objectives. Both quality control and quality assurance
arepartsofqualitymanagement.

47
 Topmanagementcommitmentandactiveinvolvementintheestablishment,managementan
dmonitoringofqualitysystemsiscriticalandisachievedby:

 Defining and documenting a quality policy and quality objectives and ensuring
thatboth the policy and objectives are understood and implemented by all employees
at alllevels;

48
 The Group seeks to visualize potential quality risks at the Dhoop production plants
andproactively implement preventive action using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis
(FMEA)qualityassurancemethods,andfocusingonCriticaltoQuality(CTQ)inputs.TheGrouphas
a system to share best practices and improvement activities at global level, which aids it
inensuringthatitsfacilities represent thestate-of-the-art in themanufacturingprocess.

Through employee engagement with continuous improvement and innovation,

theBridgestoneGroupstrivestoachievesuperiorqualitythroughouttheenDhoopvaluechain,across
all businesses and globally. Each Dhoop assembler is responsible for the
Dhoopcomponentsused.Codenumbersandacomprehensivecomputerrecord-
keepingsystemallowplantmanagersto tracebatches of rubberandspecificDhoopcomponents.

When a new Dhoop design is being manufactured for the first time, hundreds of
Dhoopsaretakenfromtheendoftheassemblylinefordestructivetesting.SomeoftheDhoops,forexa
mple,areslicedopentocheckforairpocketsbetweenbody plies,whileothersarepresseddown on
metal studs to determinepunctureresistance.

StillotherDhoopsarespunrapidlyandforceddownontometaldrumstotestmileageand other
performance characteristics.A variety of non-destructive evaluation techniques arealso used
in Dhoop quality control. X-ray video graphy provides a quick and revealing viewthrough a
Dhoop. In an X-ray Dhoop test, a Dhoop is selected at random and taken to a radiation
boothwhereit is bombardedwith X-rays.

A test technician views the X-ray image on a video screen, where Dhoop defects
areeasily spotted. If a defect shows up, manufacturing engineers review the specific steps of
Dhoopcomponent assembly to determine how the flaw was formed.In addition to internal
testing,feedback from consumers and Dhoop dealers is also correlated with the manufacturing
process toidentifyprocess improvements.

49
TheFuture

Constant improvements in rubber chemistry and Dhoop design are creating exciting
newDhoops that offer greater mileage and improved performance in extreme weather
conditions.ManufacturersnowofferDhoops estimated to last up to80,000 miles.

Treads, designed and tested by computer, now feature unique asymmetrical bands
forimprovedtractionandsafetyonwetorsnowyroads.Dhoopdesignengineersarealsoexperimentin
g with non-pneumatic Dhoops that can never go flat because they don't contain
airunderpressure.

One such non-pneumatic Dhoop is simply one slab of thick plastic attached to the
wheelrim. The plastic curves out from the rim to a point where a rubber tread is secured to
theplastic for contact with the road. Such a Dhoop offers lower rolling resistance for greater
fueleconomyandsuperiorhandlingbecauseofa greater areaof contact betweentreadandroad.

FunctionsofQualityAssuranceDepartment

Quality assurance department‘s primary aim is customer satisfaction. Hence its

primedutyistoensurethatallcustomercomplaintshouldbetakenseriouslyandistobecommunicated
to all concerned.

Problemsolvingtoolsareemployedtoensurethattheproblemissolvedanderror proofing
methods are adopted to ensure that such problems don‘t occur again. Improvethe profitability
of the company by reducing defects and waste generation. This is done
byinitiatingprojectsforwaste reduction and formingtaskforcesforclosefollow up.

Specific targets are fixed in each area for waste reduction and forming task forces
forclose follow up. Specific targets are fixed in each area for wastereduction and

50
qualityimprovementand it isdoneinco-ordinationwithallotherconnecteddepartments

The main function of quality assurance department is process audit and final
productinspection. This will include monitoring the inspection status of incoming materials,
in-process materials, process parameters and finished product inspection. Ensuring
identificationand traceability of all materials is also the function of QA. Educating workmen
on QualityStandardsand the consequences of notfollowingqualitynorms is also done.

51
 Audits on suppliers and outside god owns are conducted periodically to ensure
thematerials are of the required quality and also to ensure that they are stored in the
propermanner.

QUALITYPOLICYOFPRS

Thequality policyofPRSistomaintainmarketleadershipthroughcontinuousqualityimprovement.
To achieve this goal, all the PRS plants and the corporate office shall payparticular attention
to thefollowing:

 Productprocessimprovementbyfieldorplantperformancemonitoringandpromptserviceto
thecustomer

 Upgradation ofmachinerytomeettheincreasingneedsof the customer.

 Continuoustrainingofallemployeesinordertoacquirenecessaryskillsandknowledge

TECHNICALDEPARTMENT

Technical department at the corporate level carries out R&D activities and the
resultsofthose activities aretransferred to theplants.

Some of the activities carried out at corporate technical are new moulds, selection
andevaluation of new and alternative sources, selection and evaluation of alternative
materials,finishedproducttestingandanalysis,heatengineeringandassistingplantsinproblemsolvi
ng.

The results of research and developments are translated into practical applications
atthe plant level. At the same time, other routine functions like testing of incoming
materials,processmonitoring and producttestingat each stageisalsocarriedout.

52
 Activities

1. Newproductdevelopment.

2. Newcompounddevelopment.

3. Designingandinspectionofnewmoulds.

4. Selection&Evaluationofnewalternativesource.

5. Selectionandevaluationofalternative.

6. Finishesproductlistingandanalysing.

53
6.4 MARKETING

DEPARTMENTMarketing

GLOBALSCENARIO

Thailand,Indonesia,China,Malaysia,Vietnamarethemajorproducersofrubberintheworld.

Theglobalproductionfluctuatesbetween6-8milliontons,withtheproductionofMillion
tons in 2003,ofwhichAsian countrieshaveproduced 6.76million tons.

On the consumption front, global natural rubber consumption is 7.89 million tons
ofwhich 1.9million ton was consumed in India and China alone. The total synthetic
rubberconsumptionwas1.13 million ton.

Governmentpolicy(Tyrepolicy)

 TyreIndustryDelicensedsincein1987Allcategoriesofnewtyrecanbeexportedfreel
y.

 Allcategoriesofnewtyrecanbeimportedfreely.Nowtoboundratesfortyresand
tubes.

 Allrawmaterialsrequiredforthemanufactureoftyrescanbeimportedfreely.

54
The 10 responsibilities of marketing

departmentsListeningtocustomerneeds

Toestablishamarketingstrategy,it‘snecessarytogetclosertotheclientsandlisteninorderto find out

what their needs are.

 Companyinternal channels

 Channelsoutside the company

 Tracktrendsandmonitor competition

 Workandbrandvalues

 Marketingautomationtools

 ProductInformationManagementtools

 Innovate

 Managemarketingbudgets

 strategicmarketingplans

WhatAretheDuties of a Marketing Department?

55
 The marketing departmentina company isgenerally responsible

foridentifying,attracting and retaining customers. They manage these responsibilities through

a combinationofduties in theareasof research, promotion andcustomer service.

MarketingResearch

Marketing departments perform the research companies use to identify target

marketsand how to promote items to them. Market-centered research includes the use of tools

such assurveys, focus groups and questionnaires to become familiar with the needs, preferences

andmotives of primary target markets. This research is also used to develop or enhance companyofferings

56
TheRoleof Marketing inaBusiness

Before digging into the marketing management process, it‘s probably a good idea
toremind ourselves of the role marketing plays in a business. Many people think marketing
issynonymouswith advertising, brandingordemandgeneration.

The reason for this is that marketing communications is the most visible aspect
ofmarketing to people outside the marketing department. However, marketing
communicationsisonlyonecomponentofthemarketingmix.

57
6.5 FINANCEDEPARTMENT

TheFunctionsofaccountsdepartmentattheplantlevelhavebeendividedinto

 Financialaccount

 Costaccount

 WagesandSalaries

 Salestax

Internalsource

1. Sharecapital

2. Reservesandsurplus

Externalsource

1.Banks.

Applicationoffunds

1. Fixedasset

2. Investment

3. Currentasset.

4. Loans &Advance.

FinancialAccounts

58
 This branch deals with all types of cash payments and receipts. This will
includepayment for engineering and raw materials purchase, petty cash payments, operation
andreconciliationofbankaccounts,paymenttothegovernmentintheformoftaxesandlevies

,paymentofPF,deductionfromsalaryandpaymentofloanoutstandingandinsurancepremium of
employees ,fright payments, payment in lieu of travel allowance ,medical reimbursement etc.
Cash receipts in the case of scrap sales and any other cash receipt will alsocomeunder this
branch of accounts.

CostAccounts

Thisbranchdealswithforecasting, budgeting, analyzing and reporting the

incomeandexpenditureofthecompany.The budget for expenditure costing principles and it
iscompared with the actual expenditure .Any variation from the budget is analyzed to find
theexactreason and it is reported to the top management.

59
SalesTax

All matters related to sales tax are handled by this section. Monthly returns for
salestax are filed on behalf of sales depots. VAT (Value Added Tax) system is prepared using
standard

has been
introducedandallmattersrelatedtothisarealsolookedafterbythisbranchofaccounts.―C‖formsfor
purchasesfromoutsidethestare and ―F‖ forms areissuedforreceiptofgoods from depots.

SECURITYDEPARTMENT

Industrial safety in the public and private sector can be defined as protection of
men,materials, machines, buildings, classified information, and the company operations and
toprovideprotectiveservicesagainstfire,theft,damagetothecompanyassetsandtheinstallation.Pro
tectthevaluablesofthecompanyaswelloftheemployees.Themainfunctionsof securitydepartment
are:-

1. Controloveraccessibility

2. Checkagainsttheft,pilerages

3. Controloverthemovementofpersonnelandmaterialsat the gate

4. Checkingin/
outrawmaterials,emptyvehicles,carryingfinishedgoods,vehiclescarryingscrap items
etc.

5. Control andchecksonthecompanyhiredtaxesandsecurityof bills.

6. Co-ordinationofsecuritydutieswithprivatesecurityagenciesandpreparationofbills.

60
STORES DEPARTMENT

61
 CHAPTER-VII

KEYLEARNINGANDOUTCOMES

 Management musthavefreeand effective communication policy toallowmanagersto

comment their views, expectations, creative ideas etc. It can motivate managers

atalllevel and can boosttheirconfidenceandtrustin the organization.

 Executeperiodicauditsofjobsatisfaction,auditoftrainingevaluationandeffectiveness.

 HRauditshouldbeconductedwithspecialreferencetoretention,attritionandmanagerialsati

sfaction.

 Developaneffectivetrainingprogramandconstantlyupdatetrainingstrategies.

 There is a need to develop an effective retention policy to retain the

competitiveemployees.

 Same way there should be the working system where complacent managers would

bemotivatedto go to thenext level of performance.

62
 CHAPTER-VIII

8.FINDINGS,SUGGESTIONS&CONCLUSIONS

8.1 FINDINGS

It is important that you understand that you are responsible for securing your
ownInternship placement in the Madurai. Furthermore, as this particular programme was put
inplace to develop and enhance your career prospects through practical training, it is
imperativethat your Internship placement has a direct link to your field of study.The findings
of thestudy are furnished in the following sequence and are given chronologically based on
theorder of objectives of the study. It components industry investments, comparative
productiontrendsand customer satisfactiononusingforeignmadecustomers.

63
8.2 SUGGESTIONS

The enDhoop internship training provided me an immense help in my learning

process.
IcameacrossthevariouspracticalitiesexistingintheMRFTyreslimited.Duringtheinternship
training I got to know various aspects of the training & development such as how ithelps to
get a insight into the strong and weak areas of the employees in terms of theroles,activities,
qualities, impact on others etc. since I take HR specialization in my course. It alsohelps in
knowing about HR management system and preparing action plans accordingly
toenhancetheEmployeesactivities.

Hence I would like to conclude by mentioning, that the corporate experience which
Igot in MRF Tyres limited how much importance is given to the production
department,marketingdepartment,humanresourcedepartmentandfinancedepartmentinthe
company.

64
8.3 CONCLUSION

MRF Tyres, Madurai mobilized itself as the market leader. The strong performance
ofbecause of combined efforts of management and employees It provides high quality
andtechnologicallysuperiorproducts to its customers.

The company has the provision to find out which tyre is manufactured by
whichworker. The effective management along with successful workers is very dedicated and
isawareof new developments takingplaceintheindustry.

Thereis―no compromise on the qualitypolicy‖makes them KingofKings in tyre

industry. If they implement the suggestion put forward, will help them to improve profit
andhelpfulfortheworkers.Sothecompanycanattainglobalstandardthroughcontinuousimprovem
ent in the quality products and service in order to maintain market leadership
andcanbethekingintyreindustryformanyyears.

65
BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books

 Kovac,F.J.DhoopTechnology. GoodyearDhoopandRubber Co., 2017.

 MechanicsofPneumaticDhoops.U.S. Dept. ofTransportation, 2018.

Periodicals

 "Winners:TheBestProductDesignsoftheYear,"BusinessWeek.June8,2019,p
p.56-57.

 "ComputerSimulationSavesMoney,EnhancesDhoopDesignBeforePrototyp
esAreBuilt,"Elastomeric. July2020, pp. 14-15.

 "P-
Zero:PushingthePerformanceEnvelopewithPirelli'sNewestOffering,"Europ
eanCar.July,2021, pp. 62-63.

 "Dhoops:ACenturyof Progress," PopularMechanics.June4, 2022, pp. 60-64.

—Robert C.

MillerWEBSITES:www

.tyreindustries.in

66
www.indiantyreindustries.in

mrftyres.com

67