Seismic Loads According To ASCE and IBC

Design Code Lecture April 25, 2013
International Building Code

Seismic Provisions
CEE 572 Earthquake Engineering
Lecture Notes: Prepared by:

Prof/ Amr S. Elnashai Dr./ DoSoo Moon
Mid-America Earthquake Center

Building Code
 A set of rules that specify the minimum acceptable level of

safety for constructed objects such as buildings
 No legal status until it is adopted by government regulation
 International Building Code (IBC)

 a model building code developed by the International Code
Council (ICC)
 minimum standards to insure the public safety, health and
welfare insofar as they are affected by building construction
and to secure safety to life and property from all hazards
incident to the occupancy of buildings, structures or premises
2
Building Code History
 first seen in the United States in the early 1700’s

 In the early 1900’s, local code enforcement officials
developed most of the building codes
 In 1915, Building Officials and Code Administration (BOCA) was
established, and developed the BOCA National Building Code
(BOCA/NBC)
- mainly used in the Northeastern United States
 In 1927, the International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO) was

established, and developed the Uniform Building Code (UBC)
- mainly used in the Midwest and Western United States
 In 1940, the Southern Building Code Congress International (SBCCI)

was founded, and developed the Standard Building Code (SBC)
- mainly used in the Southern United States
3
Building Code History
 Over the years each of these codes (BOCA/NBC, UBC, & SBC)
was revised and updated
 In 1994, BOCA, ICBO, and SBCCI formed International Code

Council (ICC)
 In 1997, the first edition of the International Building Code (IBC)

was published by ICC
 IBC is updated every 3 year
( 1997, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012)
4
IBC
IBC 2009
BOCA/NBC
- BOCA
UBC IBC
- ICBO - ICC
SBC every 3 year

- SBCCI ( 1997, 2000, 2003,
2006, 2009, 2012 )
5
IBC Adoption by State
IBC is adopted at the state or local level in 50 states plus Washington, D.C
http://www.iccsafe.org/gr/Pages/adoptions.aspx as of 04/20/2010
6
IBC Code Structure
 arranged in a systematic manner for easy reference

 35 Chapters and 11 Appendices (684 pages)
7
IBC Section 1613 Earthquake Loads
“ Every structure, and portion thereof, including nonstructural

components that are permanently attached to structures and
their supports at attachments, shall be designed and
constructed in accordance with ASCE 7, excluding Chapter 14
and Appendix 11A. The seismic design category for a structure
is permitted to be determined in accordance with Section 1613 or
ASCE 7.”
(ASCE 7 Chapter 14 contains Material-Specific Seismic Design and

Detail Requirements)
(ASCE 7 Appendix 11A contains Quality Assurance Provisions)
 Both are replaced by similar (not identical) IBC Provisions
8
ASCE 7
 Minimum Design Loads for

Buildings and Other Structures
 Developed by ASCE/SEI
 Publication Date Varies (1993,

1995, 1998, 2002, 2005, 2010)
 ASCE 7-05 is adopted by IBC 2009
 ASCE 7-10 is adopted by IBC 2012
9
Seismic Design Procedure
Occupancy Category
Min. permissible analysis proc.
& Importance Factor, I
MCE Spectral Accel., SS& S1 Equivalent Lateral Force

- Seismic Base Shear
- Vertical Distribution
Site Class (A ~F) - Horizontal Distribution
Site Coef., Fa & Fv Response Modification Factor, R
Adjusted MCE Accel, SMS & SM1 Structure Period, T
Diaphragms, Irregularity,
Design Values, SDS & SD1
Redundancy Factor
Seismic Design Category (A~F) Drift and Deformation
10
Seismic Design Category (SDC)
Structure Occupancy
Structure Location
Category
SS, S1
Structure Importance (Hazard Map)
Factor, I
SMS, SM1
(Site Soil Condition)
SDS, SD1
(Design Values)
SDC
(Occupancy Category & SDS or SD1)
11
Occupancy Category and Importance Factor
Importance
Nature of Occupancy
Factor
Occupancy Category
I
Minor storage, agricultural & temporary facilities I

1.0
Normal Buildings II
Substantial hazard to human life:
• Schools
• Public assembly >300 occupants
• Jails & detention facilities
III 1.25
• Some types of healthcare > 50 occup.
• Power-generation, water-treatment facilities
• Any building > 5,000 occupants
• Hazardous occupancies
Essential facilities:
• Hospitals, Fire, rescue, & police stations IV 1.50
• Emergency preparedness centers, & more
12
Seismic Ground Motion Values - SS, S1, SMS, SM1, SDS, SD1
 Traditional 10%/50 yr (475-year event) is history

 ASCE 7-05 uses 2/3 of the 2%/50 yr (2,500 year event)
 Ss and S1 : map values of 2,500 year event

 Maps assume Type B (rock) soil conditions
 SMS and SM1 : 2,500 year values adjusted for design soil
conditions by coefficients Fa and Fv
 Default soil is Type D
 SDS= 2/3 SMS and SD1= 2/3 SM1 : design values

 SS, S1 values are invisibly converted from a 2,500-year “probabilistic”
event to a “deterministic” event defined as “150% of the median
accelerations of the characteristic event.”
13
MCE ground motion, SS ,S1
 Seismic Hazard Map

 Response spectrum ordinates are mapped
 Near-fault effects are included in basic maps
 Data is “location-specific”
 Soil effects still handled separately  Site Coef. Fa & FV
 Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) ground motion

 Ss = Mapped 5% damped, spectral response acceleration
parameter at short periods (0.2 sec)
 S1 = Mapped 5% damped spectral response acceleration
parameter at a period of 1 sec.
─ Use Seismic Hazard Map
─ Use online tool at http://eqhazmaps.usgs.gov
14
Seismic Hazard Map
 The contours are irregularly spaced

 Values are in % of g
15
Adjusted MCE ground motion, SMS ,SM1
 SMS = FaSS , SM1 = FvS1
Site Coef.
Fa 
Site Coef.
FV 
16
Site Class
default
softer
17
Design Values, SDS ,SD1
 SDS = 2/3SMS , SD1 = 2/3 SM1

 SDS : the design, 5% damped, spectral
response acceleration for short periods
(0.2 sec)
 SD1 : the design, 5% damped, spectral
response acceleration at a period of 1 sec
 SDS and SD1 are used in selecting the

Seismic Design Category and in the
analysis methods.
18
Design Response Spectrum
Spectral Response Acceleration , Sa (g)
SDS
Sa=SD1/T
SD1
Sa=SD1TL/T2
0.4SDS
T0 Ts 1.0 TL
=0.2SD1/SDS =SD1/SDS Period, T (sec)
19
Summary of Ground Motion Values
Structure Location
 Hazard Map  SS, S1
SS, S1
(Hazard Map)
 Site class, SS and S1  Fa, Fv
 SMS = Fa  SS SMS, SM1

SM1 = FV  S1
 SDS = 2/3  SMS

 Design !! SDS, SD1
SD1 = 2/3  SM1 (Design Values)
20
 Every structure must be assigned to a SDC

 Function of:
 Occupancy Category
 Design Spectral Response Acceleration SDS and SD1
 Used to determine analysis options, detailed requirements, height
limitations, and other limits on usage.
 Seismic Design Categories labeled A-F (6 class)
21
SDC” A–F vs. “Site Class” A-F
 will cause confusion
 Site Class = Soil Type

 Default site class = D
 Seismic Design Category = SDC

 Defines structure detailing requirements
 Limits permissible structural irregularities
 Replaces Zone-dependent detailing
22
Occupancy Category

Redundancy Factor
23
Analysis Procedure Selection
24
Seismic Load Analysis Procedures
 Equivalent Lateral Force (ELF) – Section 12.8

 Static approximation
 May not be used on structures of Seismic Design
Categories E or F with particular irregularities
 Modal Response Spectrum Analysis – Section 12.9

 2D and 3D dynamic analysis
 Required for buildings with particular irregularities
 Seismic Response History Procedure – Chapter 16

 Permitted for all structures
25
Minimum Lateral Force – SDC A
 Very limited seismic exposure and risk
 Lateral forces taken to equal 1% of structure weight

Fx=0.01wx
Fx = the design lateral force applied at story x
wx = the portion of the total dead load of the structure,

D, located or assigned to Level x
 A complete load path must be in place
26
Equivalent Lateral Force (ELF)
 Base Shear Determination
V = CsW Cs = I/R  SDS
Cs = seismic response coefficient

W = the effective seismic weight, including applicable portions of other
storage and snow loads
 Seismic Weight, W
 all dead load
 25% of any design storage floor live loads
 Consider partition loads and snow load
27
Equivalent Lateral Force (ELF)
 Seismic Response Coefficient, Cs
• 0.01 • SD1/T(I/R)
for S1 < 0.6g < Cs = SDS  (I/R) < for T < TL
• 0.5S1(I/R) • SD1TL/T2(I/R)
for S1 > 0.6g for T > TL
SDS = design spectral response acceleration parameter

R = response modification factor
I = occupancy importance factor
TL = long period transition periods, 8 or 12 sec
28
Response Modification Coefficient, R Cs = SDS  (I/R)
 accounts for the dynamic characteristics, lateral force resistance,

and energy dissipation capacity of the structural system.
 can be different for different directions
29
MINIMUM DESIGN LOADS
Table 12.2-1 Design Coefficients and Factors for Seismic Force-Resisting Systems
Structural System
Limitations Including
ASCE 7 Structural Height, hn (ft)
Section Limitsc
Where Response
Detailing Modification Deflection Seismic Design Category
Requirements Coefficient, Overstrength Amplification
Seismic Force-Resisting System Are Specified Ra Factor, Ω0g Factor, Cdb B C Dd Ed Fe
A. BEARING WALL SYSTEMS
1. Special reinforced concrete shear 14.2 5 2½ 5 NL NL 160 160 100
wallsl, m
2. Ordinary reinforced concrete shear 14.2 4 2½ 4 NL NL NP NP NP
wallsl
3. Detailed plain concrete shear wallsl 14.2 2 2½ 2 NL NP NP NP NP
l
4. Ordinary plain concrete shear walls 14.2 1½ 2½ 1½ NL NP NP NP NP
l k k
5. Intermediate precast shear walls 14.2 4 2½ 4 NL NL 40 40 40k
l
6. Ordinary precast shear walls 14.2 3 2½ 3 NL NP NP NP NP
7. Special reinforced masonry shear walls 14.4 5 2½ 3½ NL NL 160 160 100
8. Intermediate reinforced masonry shear 14.4 3½ 2½ 2¼ NL NL NP NP NP
walls
9. Ordinary reinforced masonry shear 14.4 2 2½ 1¾ NL 160 NP NP NP
walls
10. Detailed plain masonry shear walls 14.4 2 2½ 1¾ NL NP NP NP NP
11. Ordinary plain masonry shear walls 14.4 1½ 2½ 1¼ NL NP NP NP NP
12. Prestressed masonry shear walls 14.4 1½ 2½ 1¾ NL NP NP NP NP
13. Ordinary reinforced AAC masonry 14.4 2 2½ 2 NL 35 NP NP NP
shear walls
14. Ordinary plain AAC masonry shear 14.4 1½ 2½ 1½ NL NP NP NP NP
walls
15. Light-frame (wood) walls sheathed 14.1 and 14.5 6½ 3 4 NL NL 65 65 65
with wood structural panels rated for
shear resistance or steel sheets
16. Light-frame (cold-formed steel) walls 14.1 6½ 3 4 NL NL 65 65 65
sheathed with wood structural panels
rated for shear resistance or steel
sheets
17. Light-frame walls with shear panels of 14.1 and 14.5 2 2½ 2 NL NL 35 NP NP
all other materials
18. Light-frame (cold-formed steel) wall 14.1 4 2 3½ NL NL 65 65 65
systems using flat strap bracing
B. BUILDING FRAME SYSTEMS

1. Steel eccentrically braced frames 14.1 8 2 4 NL NL 160 160 100
2. Steel special concentrically braced 14.1 6 2 5 NL NL 160 160 100
frames
3. Steel ordinary concentrically braced 14.1 3¼ 2 3¼ NL NL 35j 35j NPj
frames
Continued
73
CHAPTER 12 SEISMIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDING STRUCTURES
Table 12.2-1 (Continued)
Structural System
Section Limitsc
Where Response
4. Special reinforced concrete shear 14.2 6 2½ 5 NL NL 160 160 100

wallsl,m
5. Ordinary reinforced concrete shear wallsl 14.2 5 2½ 4½ NL NL NP NP NP
l
6. Detailed plain concrete shear walls 14.2 and 2 2½ 2 NL NP NP NP NP
14.2.2.8
7. Ordinary plain concrete shear wallsl 14.2 1½ 2½ 1½ NL NP NP NP NP
l k k
8. Intermediate precast shear walls 14.2 5 2½ 4½ NL NL 40 40 40k
9. Ordinary precast shear wallsl 14.2 4 2½ 4 NL NP NP NP NP
10. Steel and concrete composite 14.3 8 2½ 4 NL NL 160 160 100
eccentrically braced frames
11. Steel and concrete composite special 14.3 5 2 4½ NL NL 160 160 100
concentrically braced frames
12. Steel and concrete composite ordinary 14.3 3 2 3 NL NL NP NP NP
braced frames
13. Steel and concrete composite plate 14.3 6½ 2½ 5½ NL NL 160 160 100
shear walls
14. Steel and concrete composite special 14.3 6 2½ 5 NL NL 160 160 100
shear walls
15. Steel and concrete composite ordinary 14.3 5 2½ 4½ NL NL NP NP NP
shear walls
16. Special reinforced masonry shear walls 14.4 5½ 2½ 4 NL NL 160 160 100
17. Intermediate reinforced masonry shear 14.4 4 2½ 4 NL NL NP NP NP
walls
18. Ordinary reinforced masonry shear 14.4 2 2½ 2 NL 160 NP NP NP
walls
19. Detailed plain masonry shear walls 14.4 2 2½ 2 NL NP NP NP NP
20. Ordinary plain masonry shear walls 14.4 1½ 2½ 1¼ NL NP NP NP NP
21. Prestressed masonry shear walls 14.4 1½ 2½ 1¾ NL NP NP NP NP
22. Light-frame (wood) walls sheathed 14.5 7 2½ 4½ NL NL 65 65 65
with wood structural panels rated for
shear resistance
23. Light-frame (cold-formed steel) walls 14.1 7 2½ 4½ NL NL 65 65 65
sheathed with wood structural panels
rated for shear resistance or steel sheets
24. Light-frame walls with shear panels of 14.1and 14.5 2½ 2½ 2½ NL NL 35 NP NP
all other materials
25. Steel buckling-restrained braced 14.1 8 2½ 5 NL NL 160 160 100
frames
26. Steel special plate shear walls 14.1 7 2 6 NL NL 160 160 100
74
Structural System
Section Limitsc
Where Response
C. MOMENT-RESISTING FRAME
SYSTEMS
1. Steel special moment frames 14.1 and 8 3 5½ NL NL NL NL NL
12.2.5.5
2. Steel special truss moment frames 14.1 7 3 5½ NL NL 160 100 NP
h h
3. Steel intermediate moment frames 12.2.5.7 and 4½ 3 4 NL NL 35 NP NPh
14.1
4. Steel ordinary moment frames 12.2.5.6 and 3½ 3 3 NL NL NPi NPi NPi
14.1
5. Special reinforced concrete moment 12.2.5.5 and 8 3 5½ NL NL NL NL NL
framesn 14.2
6. Intermediate reinforced concrete 14.2 5 3 4½ NL NL NP NP NP
moment frames
7. Ordinary reinforced concrete moment 14.2 3 3 2½ NL NP NP NP NP
frames
8. Steel and concrete composite special 12.2.5.5 and 8 3 5½ NL NL NL NL NL
moment frames 14.3
9. Steel and concrete composite 14.3 5 3 4½ NL NL NP NP NP
intermediate moment frames
10. Steel and concrete composite partially 14.3 6 3 5½ 160 160 100 NP NP
restrained moment frames
11. Steel and concrete composite ordinary 14.3 3 3 2½ NL NP NP NP NP
moment frames
12. Cold-formed steel—special bolted 14.1 3½ 3o 3½ 35 35 35 35 35
moment framep
D. DUAL SYSTEMS WITH SPECIAL 12.2.5.1

MOMENT FRAMES CAPABLE OF
RESISTING AT LEAST 25% OF
PRESCRIBED SEISMIC FORCES
1. Steel eccentrically braced frames 14.1 8 2½ 4 NL NL NL NL NL
2. Steel special concentrically braced 14.1 7 2½ 5½ NL NL NL NL NL
frames
3. Special reinforced concrete shear wallsl 14.2 7 2½ 5½ NL NL NL NL NL
4. Ordinary reinforced concrete shear 14.2 6 2½ 5 NL NL NP NP NP
wallsl
5. Steel and concrete composite 14.3 8 2½ 4 NL NL NL NL NL
eccentrically braced frames
6. Steel and concrete composite special 14.3 6 2½ 5 NL NL NL NL NL
Continued
75
CHAPTER 12 SEISMIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDING STRUCTURES
Structural System
Section Limitsc
Where Response
7. Steel and concrete composite plate 14.3 7½ 2½ 6 NL NL NL NL NL
shear walls
8. Steel and concrete composite special 14.3 7 2½ 6 NL NL NL NL NL
shear walls
9. Steel and concrete composite ordinary 14.3 6 2½ 5 NL NL NP NP NP
shear walls
10. Special reinforced masonry shear walls 14.4 5½ 3 5 NL NL NL NL NL
11. Intermediate reinforced masonry shear 14.4 4 3 3½ NL NL NP NP NP
walls
12. Steel buckling-restrained braced 14.1 8 2½ 5 NL NL NL NL NL
frames
13. Steel special plate shear walls 14.1 8 2½ 6½ NL NL NL NL NL
E. DUAL SYSTEMS WITH 12.2.5.1

INTERMEDIATE MOMENT
FRAMES CAPABLE OF
RESISTING AT LEAST 25% OF
PRESCRIBED SEISMIC FORCES
1. Steel special concentrically braced 14.1 6 2½ 5 NL NL 35 NP NP
framesf
2. Special reinforced concrete shear wallsl 14.2 6½ 2½ 5 NL NL 160 100 100
3. Ordinary reinforced masonry shear 14.4 3 3 2½ NL 160 NP NP NP
walls
4. Intermediate reinforced masonry shear 14.4 3½ 3 3 NL NL NP NP NP
walls
5. Steel and concrete composite special 14.3 5½ 2½ 4½ NL NL 160 100 NP
6. Steel and concrete composite ordinary 14.3 3½ 2½ 3 NL NL NP NP NP
braced frames
7. Steel and concrete composite ordinary 14.3 5 3 4½ NL NL NP NP NP
shear walls
8. Ordinary reinforced concrete shear 14.2 5½ 2½ 4½ NL NL NP NP NP
wallsl
F. SHEAR WALL-FRAME 12.2.5.8 and 4½ 2½ 4 NL NP NP NP NP

INTERACTIVE SYSTEM WITH 14.2
ORDINARY REINFORCED
CONCRETE MOMENT FRAMES
AND ORDINARY REINFORCED
CONCRETE SHEAR WALLSl
76
Structural System
Section Limitsc
Where Response
G. CANTILEVERED COLUMN 12.2.5.2
SYSTEMS DETAILED TO
CONFORM TO THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR:
1. Steel special cantilever column 14.1 2½ 1¼ 2½ 35 35 35 35 35
systems
2. Steel ordinary cantilever column 14.1 1¼ 1¼ 1¼ 35 35 NPi NPi NPi
systems
3. Special reinforced concrete moment 12.2.5.5 and 2½ 1¼ 2½ 35 35 35 35 35
framesn 14.2
4. Intermediate reinforced concrete 14.2 1½ 1¼ 1½ 35 35 NP NP NP
moment frames
5. Ordinary reinforced concrete moment 14.2 1 1¼ 1 35 NP NP NP NP
frames
6. Timber frames 14.5 1½ 1½ 1½ 35 35 35 NP NP
H. STEEL SYSTEMS NOT 14.1 3 3 3 NL NL NP NP NP

SPECIFICALLY DETAILED FOR
SEISMIC RESISTANCE,
EXCLUDING CANTILEVER
COLUMN SYSTEMS
a
Response modification coefficient, R, for use throughout the standard. Note R reduces forces to a strength level, not an allowable stress level.
b
Deflection amplification factor, Cd, for use in Sections 12.8.6, 12.8.7, and 12.9.2.
c
NL = Not Limited and NP = Not Permitted. For metric units use 30.5 m for 100 ft and use 48.8 m for 160 ft.
d
See Section 12.2.5.4 for a description of seismic force-resisting systems limited to buildings with a structural height, hn, of 240 ft (73.2 m) or less.
e
See Section 12.2.5.4 for seismic force-resisting systems limited to buildings with a structural height, hn, of 160 ft (48.8 m) or less.
f
Ordinary moment frame is permitted to be used in lieu of intermediate moment frame for Seismic Design Categories B or C.
g
Where the tabulated value of the overstrength factor, Ω0, is greater than or equal to 2½, Ωo is permitted to be reduced by subtracting the value of 1/2
for structures with flexible diaphragms.
h
See Section 12.2.5.7 for limitations in structures assigned to Seismic Design Categories D, E, or F.
i
See Section 12.2.5.6 for limitations in structures assigned to Seismic Design Categories D, E, or F.
j
Steel ordinary concentrically braced frames are permitted in single-story buildings up to a structural height, hn, of 60 ft (18.3 m) where the dead load of
the roof does not exceed 20 psf
(0.96 kN/m2) and in penthouse structures.
k
An increase in structural height, hn, to 45 ft (13.7 m) is permitted for single story storage warehouse facilities.
l
In Section 2.2 of ACI 318. A shear wall is defined as a structural wall.
m
In Section 2.2 of ACI 318. The definition of “special structural wall” includes precast and cast-in-place construction.
n
In Section 2.2 of ACI 318. The definition of “special moment frame” includes precast and cast-in-place construction.
o
Alternately, the seismic load effect with overstrength, Emh, is permitted to be based on the expected strength determined in accordance with AISI S110.
p
Cold-formed steel – special bolted moment frames shall be limited to one-story in height in accordance with AISI S110.
77
Fundamental Period, T
 May be computed by approximate means, Ta

Ta = CThnx
CT = building period coefficient
hn = building height
 moment frames (< 12 stories, >10ft)
Ta =0.1N (N = # of stories)
 May be computed by analytical means, T

T < Cu Ta
CU = Coefficient for upper limit
30
Base Shear Summary
V = CsW
W = building seismic weight
0.01 or 0.5S1(I/R) < (I/R)  SDS < SD1/T(I/R)) or SD1TL/T2(I/R)
MCE ground motion T (from analysis) or

Base on seismic hazard map Ta = CThnx or Ta = 0.1N
response modification factor

based on seismic force-resisting system
CT = 0.028, 0.016, 0.030, or 0.020
hn = building height
occupancy importance factor
N = number of storys
based on occupancy category
design spectral response

acceleration
31
Vertical Distribution of Base Shear
 For short period buildings the vertical distribution

generally follows the first mode of vibration in
which the force increases linearly with height for
evenly distributed mass.
 For long period buildings the force is shifted
upwards to account for the whipping action
associated with increased flexibility
 Story Force, Fx
Fx = CvxV, Cvx = wxhxk / Σwihik
Cvx = vertical distribution factor
V = total design lateral force or shear at the base
wi and wx = portion of the total effective seismic weight of the structure located to level i or x
hi and hx = height from the base to level i or x
k = exponent related to the structure period as follows:
k=1 , T ≤ 0.5sec
k=2 , T ≥ 2.5sec
k=2 or linear interpolation between 1 &2 , 0.5 < T < 2.5
32
Horizontal Distribution
 Being an inertial force, the Story Force, Fx, is distributed in

accordance with the distribution of the mass at each level.
33
Drift and Deformation
 Story Drift
∆ = Cd /I  δxe cf) V = CsW = I/R  SDS W
δxe = the deflections determined by an elastic analysis
Cd = the deflection amplification factor
I = the importance factor
34
Drift Limits
 Depend on:
 Occupancy category
 Structural system (masonry or not masonry)
 Building height and nonstructural component design
35
Occupancy Category

Redundancy Factor
36
Reference
 International Building Code 2009
 ASCE 7-05 Minimum Design Loads for buildings and other

Structures
 2007 CBC Structural Provisions – Seismic
 ASCE 7-05 Seismic Provisions - A Beginner's Guide to ASCE 7-05
 http://www.iccsafe.org
 https://www.asce.org
 IBC 2006 & ASCE 7-05 Structural Provisions by ABS consulting
 2007 CBC Structural Seismic Provisions by City of Huntington

Beach
37
Design Code Lecture April 25, 2013
International Building Code
Seismic Provisions – Sample Example
CEE 572 Earthquake Engineering
Lecture Notes: Prof/ Amr S. Elnashai

Prepared by: Dr/ DoSoo Moon
Mid-America Earthquake Center 1

Occupancy Category

Redundancy Factor
2
Structure Occupancy
Structure Location
Category
SS, S1
Structure Importance (Hazard Map)
Factor, I
SMS, SM1
SDS, SD1
(Design Values)
SDC
(Occupancy Category & SDS or SD1)
3
Example 1 -
Calculation of Design Accelerations SDS & SD1
 Given : Site Data
 Site Location: 24000 Hollyoak, Aliso Viejo, California

Latitude = 33.57806
Longitude = -117.71010
 Site Class: D
4
Example 1 -
 Using Seismic Hazard Map:

 MCE
─ SS = 1.462
─ S1 = 0.516
Site Coef.
Ss
 Modified MCE for Site Class D
─ SMS = FaSS = 1.0 x 1.462 = 1.462
─ SM1 = FvS1 = 1.5 x 0.516 = 0.774
 Design Acceleration S1
─ SDS = 2/3 SMS = 0.975
─ SD1 = 2/3 SM1= 0.516
5
Example 1 -
 Using USGS ground motion JAVA application:
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/designmaps/buildings.php
6
Example 1 -
 Calculate Ss and S1
7
Example 1 -
 Calculate SM and SD
8
Example 2 -
Calculation of Base Shear
 Given : Seismic Design Criteria
 Design Acceleration for Site Class D
─ SDS = 0.975
─ SD1 = 0.516
 Four Story Regular Residential Building
─ R = 6.5
─ T = 0.4 s
9
Example 2 -
 Seismic Design Category

 Four Story Residential Building
─ Occupancy Category II
─ (Importance Factor I = 1.0)
 Design Acceleration
─ SDS = 0.975, SD1 = 0.516
 SDC: D
SDS = 0.975 SD1 = 0.516
10
Example 2 -
 Determine the Analysis Method

 SDC: D, Occupancy Category II
T = 0.4 s < 3.5 Ts = 3.5 SD1/SDS = 3.50.516/0.975 = 1.85
11
Example 2 -
V = CsW =(I/RSDS) W
R = 6.5
 Seismic Response Coefficient, Cs I = 1.0
 Cs = SDS(I/R) = 0.975(1/6.5) = 0.15
─ not more than

SD1/T(I/R) = 0.516/0.4 (1/6.5) = 0.198 , T=0.4 < TL =8
─ not less than
0.01 , S1= 0.516 < 0.6g
 Base Shear, V
V = CS W = 0.15 W
12
Example 3
 The wood framed office building shown here is to be

constructed in a “suburban” area in Juneau, Alaska out
near the airport. The site conditions consist of stiff soil.
 Other Given Data

 Roof DL = 15 psf
 Typical Floor DL = 12 psf
 Partition Load = 15 psf
 Snow Load = 30 psf (use 25%)
 Exterior Wall DL = 10 psf
13
Determine Seismic Design Category
 Get SS and S1 from the maps or online

 Using USGS software with a 99801 zip code:
 SS = 0.612, S1 = 0.289
 The building Site Class is D

 Fa = 1.311; Fv = 1.822
 SMS = FaSS = 1.311(0.612) = 0.802

SM1 = FvS1 = 1.822(0.289) = 0.526
 SDS = (2/3) SMS = 2/3(0.802) = 0.535

SD1 = (2/3) SM1 = 2/3(0.526) = 0.351
 The building is in Occupancy Category II
 Seismic Design Category is D
14
Determine Seismic Design Category
Fa = 1.4-0.2/0.25*(0.612-0.5) = 1.311
Fv = 2.0-0.2/0.1*(0.289-0.2) = 1.822
SS = 0.612
Site Coef.
Fa 
S1 = 0.289
Site Coef.
FV 
15
Determine I & SDC
SDS = 0.535
SD1 = 0.351
16
Categorize the Plan Irregularities
 Plan Irregularities
 Re-entrant corners (Type 2) since the projection is more than 15% of

dimension
─ 0.15(60’) = 9’ < 30’
 No Vertical Irregularities
17
Determine the Analysis Method
T = 0.318 sec < 3.5 Ts = 3.5 SD1/SDS = 3.50.351/0.535 = 2.3 sec
18
Response Modification Coefficient, R
19
Fundamental Period, T
 Approximate fundamental period for the building
hn = 40’
Ta = CThn x = 0.020(40’)0.75 = 0.318 sec.
20
Seismic Response Coefficient, Cs
 Cs = SDS(I/R) = 0.535 (1/6.5) = 0.0823
 Lower limit = 0.01
S1= 0.289g < 0.6g
 Upper limit = SD1/T (I/R) = 0.351/0.318  (1/6.5) = 0.169
T=0.318 < TL =8
21
Determine Building Weight, W
Roof: Area Unit Weight

ft^2 psf lb
Roof 2040 15 30600
Ext. Walls 1120 10 11200
Snow/4 2040 12.5 25500
67300
Typ. Floor Area Unit Weight

ft^2 psf lb
Roof 2040 12 24480
Ext. Walls 2240 10 22400
Partitions 2040 15 30600
77480
Total Building Level Weight
k
Roof 67.3
4th flr 77.48
3rd flr 77.48
2nd flr 77.48
299.74
22
Base Shear, V
 V = CsW = 0.0823(299.74 k) = 24.67 kips
─ total lateral force on the structure.
23
Compute the Vertical Distribution
Fx = CvxV, Cvx = wxhxk / Σwihik k=1 since T=0.318sec ≤ 0.5sec
Base Shear, V = 24.67 kips
Level wx hx wxhxk Cvx Fx

(k) (ft) (ft-k) (k)
Roof 67.3 40 2692 0.367 9.05
4th floor 77.48 30 2324.4 0.317 7.81
3rd floor 77.48 20 1549.6 0.211 5.21
2nd floor 77.48 10 774.8 0.106 2.60
Sum: 299.74 7340.8 1.000 24.67
24
Horizontal Distribution
 Load is distributed
according to mass
distribution.
 Since the loading is

symmetrical, each of
the two supporting
shear walls receives
half the story shear.
25
Reference
 International Building Code 2009
 ASCE 7-05 Minimum Design Loads for buildings and other

Structures
 2007 CBC Structural Provisions – Seismic
 ASCE 7-05 Seismic Provisions - A Beginner's Guide to ASCE 7-05
 http://www.iccsafe.org
 https://www.asce.org
 IBC 2006 & ASCE 7-05 Structural Provisions by ABS consulting
 2007 CBC Structural Seismic Provisions by City of Huntington

Beach
26

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Design Code Lecture April 25, 2013

International Building Code

CEE 572 Earthquake Engineering

Lecture Notes: Prepared by:

Mid-America Earthquake Center

 A set of rules that specify the minimum acceptable level of

 No legal status until it is adopted by government regulation

 International Building Code (IBC)

 first seen in the United States in the early 1700’s

 In 1927, the International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO) was

 In 1940, the Southern Building Code Congress International (SBCCI)

 In 1994, BOCA, ICBO, and SBCCI formed International Code

 In 1997, the first edition of the International Building Code (IBC)

 IBC is updated every 3 year

( 1997, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012)

SBC every 3 year

 arranged in a systematic manner for easy reference

“ Every structure, and portion thereof, including nonstructural

(ASCE 7 Chapter 14 contains Material-Specific Seismic Design and

 Both are replaced by similar (not identical) IBC Provisions

 Minimum Design Loads for

 Publication Date Varies (1993,

 ASCE 7-05 is adopted by IBC 2009

 ASCE 7-10 is adopted by IBC 2012

MCE Spectral Accel., SS& S1 Equivalent Lateral Force

Site Coef., Fa & Fv Response Modification Factor, R

Adjusted MCE Accel, SMS & SM1 Structure Period, T

Seismic Design Category (A~F) Drift and Deformation

Minor storage, agricultural & temporary facilities I

 Traditional 10%/50 yr (475-year event) is history

 Ss and S1 : map values of 2,500 year event

 SDS= 2/3 SMS and SD1= 2/3 SM1 : design values

 Seismic Hazard Map

 Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) ground motion

 The contours are irregularly spaced

 SMS = FaSS , SM1 = FvS1

 SDS = 2/3SMS , SD1 = 2/3 SM1

 SDS and SD1 are used in selecting the

 SMS = Fa  SS SMS, SM1

 SDS = 2/3  SMS

 Every structure must be assigned to a SDC

 will cause confusion

 Site Class = Soil Type

 Seismic Design Category = SDC

 Limits permissible structural irregularities

 Replaces Zone-dependent detailing

MCE Spectral Accel., SS& S1 Equivalent Lateral Force

Site Coef., Fa & Fv Response Modification Factor, R

Adjusted MCE Accel, SMS & SM1 Structure Period, T

Seismic Design Category (A~F) Drift and Deformation

 Equivalent Lateral Force (ELF) – Section 12.8

 Modal Response Spectrum Analysis – Section 12.9

 Seismic Response History Procedure – Chapter 16

 Very limited seismic exposure and risk

 Lateral forces taken to equal 1% of structure weight

Fx = the design lateral force applied at story x

wx = the portion of the total dead load of the structure,