☆

☆☆
U → not subspace

n→ subspace
chapters -6

( same as 25 )
both planes

☐
(§ )Eˢ
: 210) +310) -

410 ) = 0 I 410 ) 210)- + 3. ( o ) :O

.

µ;)
2%+342-443=0
, s ,
=

441-242+343=0

(}) C- s 24-+34-49=0
4%-24,1-303=0

↳§ Yes 21%+4) +314+4) -4 last V3)

= 0
: .
+ V2
4 / Uatu, ) -
2 / Uztvz ) +3 / Ust V3 ) = °

i. Closed under vectors addition

 let

[¥uu±;)
.
the "

guy;)
c- s
, ,

i. 2 ( JUI ) +
31-142 ) -

411437--0
: .
✗ (2%+342-443)=0
Similarly ,
the next condition is also 0 .

: .
Closed under scalar multiplication .

: . 5- is a subspace of IR ?

ulonion)
0 ( same as 24 )
One plane

→
Use counters example

(E) c- s es

Adding both of them ,

( ¢ s as the sum ≠ 0

i. Not closed under addition

?
: .
S is not a
subspace of IR
→

( {§ /
-31

(8) ( 3)
2

(8)
I
es =
→ this matrix is
9 5 -

< O ,
O ,
O>

let ,
S
b±E

U±E IN such that

there exists be : Ah
,

bz C- S

}
there exists MEIR such that bz= Anz

b
, tbz = Anat Anz
3
= A /N±tUz ) C- ID

}
because that Nz ) C- IR

-
-

. b±tb, C- S ( close under addition )

iii let >

b. C- S
±

i. M± : be =
And

-1% = ✗ [ Ah ]
,

]
= A line) [ AS IR is a vectors space ]

: .
Ib±E S (closed under scalar multiplication )

: S is a subspace of IÑ .

.
→
/ ÷:/ :( E.) if:)
'

+ '
/¥)
= . "

10=21%-42+3/13
11 = I
,
-

2/12+3/13
4 =
4×1+12-43

1 ; ; :| :) f- / ]
:
-

a 1 I

I -2 3 : = .
% %
4 0 0 413 413

Here , the night side is not leading .

: .
a C- span ( VI. 4. V3 )

Rz→§→= § , v13 -

- I

R
,
→
×, +
-1¥ = 10 ,
I, = -3

R±→ 2 -1
,
-13+3=10 ,
= 2

i. a =
2%-3 Vzt V3
b) b-_
✓1+42 V2 + ' ↳ V3

f. ÷ :| :;t l : : ::| : ÷ ]
I -23 0 -91g 131g 4554€

Here
,
night side is not
leading .

.
'

.
b C- span ( VI. V2 V3 )
,

>
: .IR is spanned by VI. 4. V3

→
let , anutbntc C-
IR
an't but C = ✓ 1+424+43 V3
=
(Itn ) +4211 - no ) +
is / nt2ñ)

By coefficients
comparing the ,

constant ,

Iet ✗2

(
c

/ §)
=

± ± ◦

b- - +
Is → I 0 I

0 I 2
2N
-

D= -

]
 RREF
Using we
get ,

f | )
± I 0 c

0 -
I 1 b-C

0 0 I a- btc

side is not leading

Right
.

: .
IP
,
is spanned by VI. V2 ,
V3 .