Physics (312)

Class 12th
Solved TMA
Session
2022 - 23
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Session 2022-23 (Physics 312) 1

Physics
(312)
Tutor Marked Assignments
Q.1 (a) In the CGS system force is expressed in dyne, and in SI system is
expressed in newtons. Establish the relation between the units of these two
systems of force.
Ans.

1. Force is just a push or a pull. It can be described as a push or pull on an object.

2. Force is an external agent capable of changing the state of rest or motion of a particular
body. It has a magnitude and a direction.

The relation between SI and CGS unit of force

We know that,

The SI unit of force is Newton.

The CGS unit of force is Dyne.

Then,

1m
1newton = 1kg ×
s2

100cm
= 1000g ×
s2
cm
= 105 g ×
s2
= 105 dyne

Therefore, the relation between SI and CGS unit of force is

1newton = 105 dyne.

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Session 2022-23 (Physics 312) 2

Q.2 (b) The diagonal of a parallelogram are given by the vectors 3𝚤̂+ 𝚥̂+ 2𝑘 and
𝚤̂− 3𝚥̂+ 4𝑘.Find the area of the parallelogram.

Ans.

Here a = 3𝚤̂+ 𝚥̂+ 2𝑘, b = 𝚤− 3𝚥+ 4𝑘.

𝚤̂ 𝚥̂ 𝑘

axb= 3 1 2 = (4+6)𝚤̂ - (12+2)𝚥̂ + (-9-1)𝑘

1 -3 4

 10𝚤̂−14𝚥̂−10𝑘
 2(5𝚤̂-7𝚥̂-5𝑘)

𝟏
Hence area of parallelogram = |a x b|
𝟐

1
 x √100 + 196 + 100
2
1
 x √396
2
1
 x√2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 11
2

 3√11 sq. unit

Q.3 (b) A hawk is hovering above a field at a height of 50 meter. It sees a

mouse directly below it, and dives vertically with an acceleration of 9.8 m/s2

1. At what speed will it be travelling just before it reaches the ground?

2. How long does it take to reach the ground?

Ans. A Hawk is hovering above a field at a height of 50 m.

Acceleration (a) = 9.8m/s2

1. To determine the speed will it travelling just before it reaches the ground.

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Session 2022-23 (Physics 312) 3

Distance (s) = 50 m

Acceleration (a) = 9.8 m/s2

According to equation of motion

v2 – u2 = 2as

Where hawk is initially at rest.

u = 0 m/s

v2= (0)2 +2 x (9.8) x (50)

v2 = 2 x 9.8 x 50

v2 = 10 x 9.8 x 10

v2 = 980

v2 = √980

v = 2 x 7√5

Final velocity to reaches the ground 14√5m/s.

Final velocity = 31 m/s

2. Using the Equation

v = u + at

31 = 0 +9.8 x t

31
t=
9.8

t = 3.16 sec.

𝟑. 𝟏𝟔 𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒕𝒂𝒌𝒆𝒏 𝒕𝒐 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒉 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒈𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒅.

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Session 2022-23 (Physics 312) 4

Q.4 (a) A man can jump 1.5 m high on the earth. Calculate the approximate
height he might beable to jump on a planet whose density is one quarter that
of the earth, and whose radiusis one third of the earth radius.

Ans.

The work done that man did for jumping 1.5m height in earth.

Mgh = mg × 1.5

DE → Density of earth.

RE→ Radius of earth, in second planet.

𝐷 𝑅
Dp = , R p =
4 3

4 𝑅3
Volume Vp = 𝜋 𝑥
3 27

𝑀𝑝
Dp =
𝑉𝑝

𝐷𝐸 𝑉𝐸 𝑀𝐸
𝑀𝑝 = Dpx 𝑉𝑝 = x =
4 27 108

𝐺𝑀 𝐺𝑥𝑀𝑥9
g= =
𝑅2 108 𝑥 𝑅 2

𝐺𝑀𝐸 𝑔
 =
12𝑅 2 12

𝑔
mg x 1.5 = m x 𝑥ℎ
12

h = 12 x 1.5 = 18 m

Q.5 (a) Using the equation

Speed = frequency × wavelength

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Session 2022-23 (Physics 312) 5

1. Calculate the wavelength of the radio signal with these frequencies.

a) 200 kHz
b) 1 MHz

Ans.

(a) Frequency = 200 x 103 Hz

Speed = 3 x 108 m/s

Speed = frequency × wavelength

3 x 108 = 200 x 103 x 𝜆

3 𝑥 108
𝜆=
2 𝑥 105

𝜆 = 1.5 x 103 m

𝑾𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 = 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝒎

(b) Frequency = 1 x 106 Hz

Speed = 3 x 108 m/s

Speed = frequency × wavelength

3 x 108 = 1 x 106 x 𝜆

3 𝑥 108
𝜆=
1 𝑥 106

𝜆 = 3 x 102 m

𝑾𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝒎

2. Calculate the frequency of radio signal with these wavelength

a) 200 m

b) 10 mm

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Session 2022-23 (Physics 312) 6

Ans. a) Wavelength = 200 m

Speed = 3 x 108 m/s

Speed = frequency × wavelength

3 x 108 = 𝜈 x 200

3 𝑥 108
𝜈=
200

𝜈 = 1.5 x 106 Hz

𝜈 = 1.5 MHz

𝑭𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒚 = 𝟏. 𝟓 𝑴𝑯𝒛

b) Wavelength = 10mm

Speed = 3 x 108 m/s

Speed = frequency × wavelength

3 x 108 = 𝜈 x 1 x 104

3 𝑥 108
𝜈=
104

𝜈 = 3 x 104 Hz

𝜈 = 30 KHz

𝑭𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒚 = 𝟑𝟎 𝑲𝑯𝒛

Q.6 (a) A Compound microscope is an optical instrument used to view highly magnified
imagesof small objects. The magnifying power of a Compound microscope is defined as
theratio of the angle subtended by the final image at the eye to the angle subtended by
the object at the eye. When both the final image and the object are located at the
minimumdistance of distinct vision from the eye written as :

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Session 2022-23 (Physics 312) 7

𝜷 𝒎𝒆
M= = where M is magnifying power, me is the magnification produces by the eye
𝜶 𝒎𝒐

lens and mo is the magnification produced by the objective lens. Consider a compound
microscope consisting of an objective lens of focal length 2.0 cm and an eyepiece of focal
length 6.25 cm separated by a distance of 15 cm.

1. Identify the distance of the object to the eye piece, so that the final image is formedat
the least distance of clear vision.
2. How far should the object be placed from the objective to achieve the
positiondescribed in part (i)?
3. Calculate the magnifying power of the microscope, at least in the case of distinct
vision?
4. State the intermediate image formed by the objective of a compound microscope.
5. The magnifying power of a compound microscope can be increased with.

Ans.

Given:

Focal length of the objective lens, f1 = 2.0 cm

Focal length of the eyepiece, f2 = 6.25 cm

Distance between the objective lens and the eyepiece, d = 15 cm

1. Least distance of distinct vision, d’ = 25 cm

Image distance for the eyepiece, v2 = −25 cm

Object distance for the eyepiece = u2

According to the lens formula, we have the relation:

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Session 2022-23 (Physics 312) 8

Image distance for the objective lens v1 = d + u2 = 15 – 5 = 10 cm

2. Object distance for the objective lens = u1

According to the lens formula, we have the relation:

Magnitude of the object distance |u1| = 2.5 cm

3. Image distance for the objective lens v1 = d + u2 = 15 – 5 = 10 cm

Magnitude of the object distance |u1| = 2.5 cm

The magnifying power of a compound microscope is given by the relation:

Hence, the magnifying power of the microscope is 20.

4. This the ray diagram of the compound microscope.

The intermediate image formed by the objective of a compound microscope is real,
inverted and magnified.

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Session 2022-23 (Physics 312) 9

5. The magnifying power of a compound microscope can be increased with taking objective
lens of longer focal length and eye-lens of shorter focal length.

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