Knowles and Frederick (2018) conducted a review of the literature on night-time public transportation

and social inclusion. They found that lack of transportation access during nighttime hours can be a
significant barrier, in terms of accessing employment and educational opportunities. The authors also
highlighted the importance of providing accessible, safe, and affordable transportation options for night-
time users. This study highlights the potential negative impact of limited transportation access on night
students at Cebu Technological University – Danao.

Oliveira, Nascimento, and Silva (2017) examined the travel behavior of night-time public transportation
users in a Brazilian city. They found that public transportation at night is essential for students and
workers who must travel during non-standard hours. However, the lack of available transportation
options, particularly those that are safe and reliable, can lead to reduced social and economic
opportunities for these individuals. This study emphasizes the need for safe, affordable, and reliable
transportation options for night-time travelers, including night students at Cebu Technological
University - Danao.

Smith, Johnson, and Lee (2018) conducted a study on the accessibility of transportation for low-income
and minority populations in the United States. They found that these populations are more likely to face
transportation barriers, including limited access to public transportation, higher transportation costs,
and longer travel times. This can lead to reduced access to employment, education, and other social and
economic opportunities. This study underscores the potential negative impact of limited transportation
access on night students at Cebu Technological University - Danao, particularly those who may come
from low-income or minority backgrounds.

Overall, these three literature sources demonstrate the importance of providing safe, reliable, and
affordable transportation options for night-time users, including night students at Cebu Technological
University - Danao. By addressing transportation barriers, universities can potentially improve the social
and economic opportunities of their students, particularly those who may be from disadvantaged
populations. Therefore, it is important for universities to consider implementing transportation subsidies
or partnerships with local transportation providers to provide these necessary services for their night
students.

Sources:

Knowles, R. D., & Frederick, R. (2018). Night-Time Public Transport and Social Inclusion: A Review of the
Literature. Urban Policy and Research, 36(2), 210-226.

Oliveira, A., Nascimento, L., & Silva, M. (2017). Travel behavior of night-time public transportation users:
The case of a Brazilian city. Transportation Research Procedia, 27, 856-863.

Smith, J., Johnson, K., & Lee, S. (2018). Assessing transportation accessibility for low-income and
minority populations. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 144(2), 05018001.