Translated from Indonesian to English - www.onlinedoctranslator.

com

breath analyzer
Ibra: (greetings to the audience) This time we and the chemistry podcast have a chemist we
have invited from a valley in the middle of nowhere. We welcome the chemist.
Agha: thank you, bro, for inviting me here. But before that, maybe I should introduce myself
first. Introducing my name is Kauthar Aghatama, from overseas Prapat, junior high school in
South Kalimantan to be precise at smpn1 tanjung, there are achievements. So this time, what
will we discuss about Ibra?
Ibra: (percentage time) we will talk about Redox.
Agha: interesting, so we're going to talk about redox?
Ibra: YES!, can you explain about redox
Agha: of course! Of course you can.
Ibra: what is redox? Is it some kind of pest?
Agha: Of course not. Redox is a chemical reaction which involves simultaneous oxidation and
reduction.
Ibra: in the sense that redox is divided again?
Agha: Yes! Redox is divided into 3 concepts oxygen, electrons, and oxidase groups.
Ibra: how about redox with oxygen?
Agha:In this concept, the process of oxidation means the reaction of elements that bind oxygen.
For example: burning methane gas (CH4) produces carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. The
reaction is: CH4(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
Reduction process means a reaction that releases oxygen

4KClO3→ 2KCl + 3O2

oxygen molecule ( O2) is on the right-hand side, that is KClO3reduced
(releasing oxygen) toKCl.

and reduction processes are oxidation and reduction occurs in one reaction

for example: 2Al + Fe2O3 2Fe + Al2O3

I can explain you

From Al is oxidation (gain of oxygen) to Al2O3and
from Fe2O3it is a reduction (loos of oxygen) to 2Fe
Happen reduction and oxidation in one chemical reaction

Ibra: what about the electron concept?

(the loss of electrons), so that these two reactions occur simultaneously. That is, there are
substances that lose electrons and there are those that accept electrons in a redox reaction.
Hence the name of the reaction is a reduction-oxidation reaction or redox reaction
I will explain first:
Oxidation electrons are loos of electrons (releasing e)
Example: NaNa+ + e
While reduction is the gain of electrons (binds e)
Example: Cl2 + e2Cl-
And redox is both working together
Example: reaction: H2+F2→ 2HF. The reaction can be written as follows:
H2+ F22H+ + 2F-
Explanation:To form the compound hydrogen fluoride, H2loses 2 electrons to 2H+: H2→ 2H+ + 2e-, while
the F2captures/bonds 2 electrons to 2F-:F2+ 2e- → 2F-. Thus: H2undergo oxidation or as a reducing agent,
while F2reduced or as an oxidizing agent

Ibra: how about the bilox?

Agha: This last concept is an exception to the above two concepts, that is, there are some redox
reactions that cannot be explained even using the concept of involvement of oxygen or electron
transfer.
The elaboration of this concept is: if in a reaction the oxidation number of an atom increases,
the atom undergoes oxidation. If the oxidation number decreases, the atom is reduced.
There are some rules in this matter
1:The oxidation state of an element is 0
2. ion oxidation = ionic charge =Na++1
Cl- -1
3. Some elements have a fixed oxidation state
GROUP 1 : +1
2 : +2
H :+1
O : -2
4. The total oxidation number of atoms in a compound is equal to 0

5.The sum of the oxidation numbers of atoms in a polyatomic ion is equal to the charge of the
ion.

Ibra: It's quite difficult to understand... But are there redox reactions in everyday life?
Agha: of course there is!
Ibrahim: For example?

agha:Breath Analyzer Police often use breath analyzers

to estimate the alcohol content in a driver's breath.
Even the analyzer uses the chemical principle of redox
reactions. As soon as a driver breathes into the breath
analyzer, the potassium dichromic acid solution reacts
with it. What happens is the ethanol in the breath is
oxidized to acetic acid; while chromium (VI) in the
orange-yellow dichromate ion is reduced to chromium
(III) which is green in color. The amount of color
change corresponds to the level of alcohol in the
blood.
Ibra: what about the reaction?
Agha: (1) Acetic acid ethanol
C2H6OCH3COOH
|_________|
Oxidase
(based on reduction\removal of hydrogen)
(2)Chromium dichromate ion
Cr2O7-2Cr2O3
||||
+6 -7 +3 -2
(based on reduced oxidation state)
That was the reaction
Ibra: great… really great!! So agha is there a conclusion from all your explanations
Agha: of course there is!
The conclusion is: when we know oxidation, reduction, redox we know that they exist in our
daily life like a breath analyzer which is used to determine a person's alcohol level. Potassium
dichromate acid solution reacts with ethanol in breath to form CH3COOH acetic acid. While the
dichromate (IV) ion is orange-yellow, to Chromium (III) which is green. The amount of color
change corresponds to the level of alcohol in the blood.
Ibra: so that's the conclusion, with this knowledge in our lives, we can solve it
Existing problem.
Agha: That's right.
Ibra: We thank Agha for coming and visiting. our loyal and new listeners. We, from the
Chemistry podcast, thank you for listening to the end. I'm Ibra closing this podcast (closing
greetings with agha).

Outro(music to make it cool)