2 2

1. 2 + x  x = 2  3x + x M1
2
 2x  4x = 0
 2x(x  2) = 0
 x = 0, x = 2 A1A1
Notes: Accept graphical solution.
Award M1 for correct graph and A1A1 for correctly labelled roots.

 2  x  x  2  3x  x dx
2
2 2
A 
0
(M1)

 4 x  2 x dx
2
2
or equivalent
0
= A1
2
 2 2x3 
2 x  
3 0
=  A1
8  2
 2 
3
=  3 A1
[7]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 1

2. METHOD 1
2
e ln x 
π  1

 x 
 dx
V= M1
Integrating by parts:
dv 1
u  ln x  ,
2

dx x 2 (M1)
du 2 ln x 1
 , v
dx x x
 ln x 2 ln x 


 x
2
x2
dx



V= A1
dv 1
 2
u = ln x, dx x (M1)
du 1 1
 ,v  
dx x x
ln x ln x 1 ln x 1
  x 2
dx  
x 
 2 dx  
x x

x A1
e
 ln x 2  ln x 1 
  2  
 x  x x  1
\V=
5
= 2  e A1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 2

 METHOD 2
2
e ln x 
π 
1

 x 
 dx
V= M1
dx
 du
Let ln x = u  x = e , x
u
(M1)
2
 ln x  u2
 
 x 
 
 dx  u du  e u u 2 du   e u u 2  2 e u u du
e 
A1

=
  
 e  u u 2  2  e  u u  e  u du   e  u u 2  2e  u u  2e  u

u 2
=  e u  2u  2   A1
When x = e, u = 1. When x = 1, u = 0.


 Volume  π  e u u 2  2u  2   1
0
M1

  5π 
π  5e 1  2   2π  
e 

=  A1
[6]

3. Using integration by parts (M1)

du dv 1
u  x, 1,  sin 2 x and v   cos 2 x
dx dx 2 (A1)
π
π
  1  6  1 
 x  2 cos 2 x  
   0  0
6
  cos 2 x  dx
 2  A1
π π
  1  6  1 6
 x  2 cos 2 x    4 sin 2 x 
=    0  0 A1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 3

 Note: Award the A1A1 above if the limits are not included.
π
  1  6 π
 x  2 cos 2 x     24
   0 A1
π
1 6 3
 4 sin 2 x   8
 0 A1
π
3 π
 0
6 x sin 2 x dx  
8 24 AG N0
Note: Allow FT on the last two A1 marks if the expressions are the
negative of the correct ones.
[6]

4. Recognition of integration by parts M1

 x3  x3 1

x 2 ln xdx   ln x  
3 
 dx
3 x 
A1A1
 x3  x2

 3
ln x 


3 
dx
=
 x3 x3 
 ln x  
3 9 
=  A1
e  e3 e3   1  2e  1 
3

1 
 x 2 ln xdx       0  
 3 9   9


 9


 A1
[5]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 4

5. (a)

A1A1
Note: Award A1 for the correct x-intercept,
A1 for completely correct graph.

(b) METHOD 1
a
x
the area under the graph of y = 2 for –a ≤ x ≤ a, can be divided
into ten congruent triangles; M1A1
0 a
the area of eight of these triangles is given by
a
x  dx
2
a a
and the areas of the other two by
0 
x  dx
2 M1A1
0 a a a
so,
a
x
2
dx  4 
0
x  dx 
2 k=4 A1 N0

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 5

 METHOD 2
use area of trapezium to calculate M1
0 a 1  3a a 

a
x  dx  a      a 2
2 2 2 2 A1
and area of two triangles to obtain M1
2
a a 1a a2

0
x  dx  2    
2 22 4 A1
so, k = 4 A1 N0

METHOD 3
use integration to find the area under the curve
0 a 0 a

a
x  dx 
2  a 
 x  dx
2 M1
0
 x a 2
a a 2 2

  x    a2
2 2 2 2
=   a A1
and
a
a a a a a

0
x  dx 
2 
0
2 x
2
dx  
a x  dx
2
2 M1
a
a
 x2 a   x2 a 
2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
   x     x         
 2 2 0  2 2  a 8 4 2 2 8 4 4
= 2 A1
so, k = 4 A1 N0
[7]

6. (a) from f(x + y) = f(x)f(y)

for x = y = 0 M1
we have f(0 + 0) = f(0)f(0)  f(0) = (f(0))
2
A1
as f(0) ≠ 0, this implies that f(0) = 1 R1AG N0

(b) METHOD 1
from f(x + y) = f(x)f(y)
for y = –x, we have f(x – x) = f(x)f(–x)  f(0) = f(x)f(–x) M1A1
as f(0) ≠ 0 this implies that f(x) ≠ 0 R1AG N0

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 6

 METHOD 2
suppose that, for a value of x, f(x) = 0 M1
from f(x + y) = f(x)f(y)
for y = –x, we have f(x – x) = f(x)f(–x)  f(0) = f(x)f(–x) A1
substituting f(x) by 0 gives f(0) = 0 which contradicts part (a) R1
therefore f(x) ≠ 0 for all x. AG N0

(c) by the definition of derivative

 f ( x  h)  f ( x) 
lim 
f′(x) =
h  0 h  (M1)
 f ( x) f (h)  f ( x) f (0) 
lim 
=
h  0 h  A1(A1)
 f (h)  f (0) 
lim  f ( x)
=
h  0 h  A1
= f′(0)f(x) (= kf(x)) AG N0

f ( x)
 f ( x)
dx  kdx  
(d) ln f(x) = kx + C M1A1
ln f(0) = C  C = 0 A1
kx
f(x) = e A1 N1
Note: Award M1A0A0A0 if no arbitrary constant C.
[14]

3 2 3( x  3)  2( x  1)
 
7. (a) x 1 x  3 ( x  1)( x  3) M1
3x  9  2 x  2
= x 2  4x  3 A1
5 x  11
2
= x  4x  3 AG

2 5 x  11 2 3 2 
(b)

0 x 2  4x  3
dx  
0
  dx
 x 1 x  3  M1
= [3 ln( x  1)  2 ln( x  3)] 02 A1
= 3 ln 3 + 2 ln 5 – 3 ln 1 – 2 ln 3 (= 3 ln 3 + 2 ln 5 – 2 ln 3) A1
= ln 3 + 2 ln 5
= ln 75 (k = 75) A1
[6]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 7

 dy
8. (a) 8x + 2y dx = 0 M1A1
dy
Note: Award M1A0 for 8x + 2y dx = 4
dy 4x

dx y A1

(b) –4 A1

 πy
2
dx
(c) V= or equivalent M1
1

V= 
π (4  4 x 2 )dx
0 A1
1
 4 
π 4 x  x 3 
=  3 0 A1
8π
= 3 A1
Note: If it is correct except for the omission of π, award 2 marks.
[8]

9. (a)

A1
Note: Award A1 for correct concavity, passing through (0, 0) and increasing.
Scales need not be there.

(b) a statement involving the application of the Horizontal Line Test or equivalent A1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 8

 (c) y= k x
y2
k y or x 
for either x = k2 A1
x2
–1 2
f (x) = k A1
–1
dom(f (x)) = [0, ∞[ A1

x2
k x
(d) k2 or equivalent method M1
k= x
k=2 A1

(e) (i) A=  (y
a
1  y 2 ) dx
(M1)
4
1

 2 x 2  1 x 2 dx
0   4 
A=  A1
4
4 3
1 3
 x2  x 
=  3 12 
0 A1
16
= 3 A1

–1
(ii) attempt to find either f′(x) or (f )′(x) M1
1  1 x
,  ( f ) ( x)  
f′(x) = x  2 A1A1
1 c

c 2 M1
2

c= 23 A1
[16]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 9

10. (a) EITHER
2
let u = tan x; du = sec x dx (M1)
consideration of change of limits (M1)
π π
sec 2 x 1
 3
π 3
tan x

dx  π3 1 du
4 4
u3 (A1)
Note: Do not penalize lack of limits.
3
 2 
 3u 3 
 2 
 
=  1 A1
2
3 3 3 3  33 3  3 
 
2 2  2 
= A1A1 N0

OR
π

π 2
 2
3
sec x  3(tan x) 3 
 3
π 3
tan x
d x   2 
4  π
 
4 M2A2
2
3 3 3 3  33 3  3 
 
2 2  2 
= A1A1 N0

 tan xdx   tan x(sec x  1)dx

3 2
(b) M1

= 
2
(tan x  sec x  tan x)dx

1
tan 2 x  ln sec x  C
= 2 A1A1
Note: Do not penalize the absence of absolute value or C.
[9]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 10

 dy
11. (a) dt = ky cos (kt)
dy
y = k cos(kt)dt (M1)
dy
 y 
 k cos(kt )dt
M1
ln y = sin(kt) + c A1
sin(kt)
y = Ae
t = 0  y0 = A (M1)
 y = y0esin kt A1

(b) – l ≤ sin kt ≤ 1 (M1)

–1 1
y0e ≤ y ≤ y0e
1
2
so the ratio is e : e or 1 : e A1
[7]

y = e  x = ln y
x
12.
5

volume = 1 
π (lny ) 2 dy
(M1)A1
using integration by parts (M1)
π 
1
5

ln( y ) 2 dy  π y (ln y ) 2  5
1 
5
 2 ln ydy
1 A1A1

=

π y (lny ) 2  2 y ln y  2 y 
5
1 A1A1
Note: Award A1 marks if π is present in at least one of the above lines.
5
π 1
(ln y ) 2 dx 2
= π 5(ln 5) – 10 ln 5 + 8 A1
[8]

13. x e x  e x  x = 0 or 1 (A1)
y
2
dx
attempt to find M1
1

V1 = 
π e 2 xdx
0
1
1 
π e 2 x 2 
= 2 0
πe 2
= 2 A1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 11

 1

V2 = π 
2x
xe dx
0

  1 2x  1 1 1 2 x 
 xe
  2

 
0 
0 2
e dx


=π M1A1
Note: Award M1 for attempt to integrate by parts.
1
πe 2 1 
 π e 2x 
= 2 4 0
finding difference of volumes M1
volume = V1 – V2
1
1 
π e 2x 
=  4 0
1
2
= 4 π(e – 1) A1
[7]

1 1
 du   2 dx
14. (a) u= x x M1
du
 dx   2
u A1
1
 1 1 du

1 1 x 2
dx   
1


1 u
2
2
1  
u A1M1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct integrand and M1A1 for correct limits.
1 1
 1  u
1 2
du
= (upon interchanging the two limits) AG

arctan x1  arctan u 11

(b)  A1
π π 1
   arctan
arctan α 4 4  A1
1 π

arctan α or + arctan  2 AG
[7]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 12

15. EITHER
attempt at integration by substitution (M1)
using u = t + 1, du = dt, the integral becomes
2
 (u  1) ln udu
1 A1
then using integration by parts M1
2
2  u 2   2 u2  1

1
(u  1) ln udu  
 2
 u  ln u  
  1

1



 2  u   u du
 A1
2
u  2
   u
4
=  1 (A1)
1
= 4 (accept 0.25) A1

OR
attempt to integrate by parts (M1)
correct choice of variables to integrate and differentiate M1
1
1 t 2  1 t2 1
0
t ln(t  1)dt   ln(t  1) 
2 0
 0

2 t 1
dt
A1
1
t 2
 1 1 1
  ln(t  1) 
2 0 2
 t  1  t  1dt
0
A1
1 1
t 2
 1 t  2
  ln(t  1)     t  ln(t  1)
2 0 2  2 0 (A1)
1
= 4 (accept 0.25) A1
[6]

16. (a) the differential equation is separable and can be written as (M1)
 y 
2 2
dy  cos xdx
(or equivalent) A1
1  cos 2 x
=
 2
dx
A1
1 1 1
 x  sin 2 x( C )
y 2 4 A1A1
when x = 0, y = 1 M1
C=1
1
1 1
x  sin 2 x  1
y= 2 4 A1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 13

 2
(b) (i) recognizing use of (1 + tan x) (M1)
2 2 2 2
(1 + tan x) = 1 + 2 tan x + tan x ≥ 1 + tan x = sec x A1
(since all terms are positive)
2 2
(1 + tan x) ≥ sec x
2 2
sec x = 1 + tan x ≥ 1 A1
 (1 + tan x)2 ≥ sec2 x ≥ 1
since all terms are positive, taking square root gives R1
1 ≤ sec x ≤ 1 + tan x AG

π π π

(ii) 0
4 dx  0
4 sec xdx  
0
4 1 tan xdx
M1
π π π
x 04  
0
4 sec xdx  x  ln cos x 04
M1A1
π
π π 1
4
  0
4 sec xdx 
4
 ln
2 A1
π
π π 1
4
  0
4 sec xdx   ln 2
4 2 AG
[15]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 14

 dy dy 2x 2
3 dy
 2 x 2 tan y   tan y
1 x3
dx
17. (1 + x ) M1
2
cos y 2 3x
 sin y dy  3  1  x 3
dx
(A1)(A1)
2
ln sin y  ln 1  x 3  C
3 A1A1
Notes: Do not penalize omission of modulus signs.
Do not penalize omission of constant at this stage.
EITHER
π 2
ln sin  ln 1  C  C  0
2 3 M1
OR
2
A1  x 3 3
C
|sin y| = ,A=e
2
π
sin  A 1  0 3 3  A  1
2 M1
THEN
 2

 (1  x 3 ) 3 
 
y = arcsin   A1
Note: Award M0A0 if constant omitted earlier.
[7]

xe = 0  x = 0
x
18. (a) (i) A1
so, they intersect only once at (0, 0)

x x x
(ii) y′ = e + xe = (1 + x)e M1A1
y′(0) = 1 A1
π
θ = arctan1 = 4 (θ = 45°) A1

(b) when k = 1, y = x
xe = x  x(e – 1) = 0
x x
M1
 x=0 A1
y′(0) = 1, which equals the gradient of the line y = x R1
so, the line is tangent to the curve at origin AG
x
Note: Award full credit to candidates who note that the equation x(e – 1) = 0
has a double root x = 0 so y = x is a tangent.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 15

 xe = kx  x(e – k) = 0
x x
(c) (i) M1
 x = 0 or x = ln k A1
k > 0 and k ≠ 1 A1

(ii) (0, 0) and (ln k, k ln k) A1A1

ln k

(iii) A=
 0
kx  xe x dx
M1A1
Note: Do not penalize the omission of absolute value.

x
(iv) attempt at integration by parts to find ∫xe dx M1
x x x x
∫xe dx = xe – ∫e dx = e (x – 1) A1
as 0 < k < 1  ln k < 0 R1
0
0 k 2 x

x
kx  xe dx   x  ( x  1)e 
A=
ln k 2  ln k A1
k 
1   (ln k ) 2  (ln k  1)k 
= 2  A1
k
1  ((ln k ) 2  2 ln k  2)
= 2
k
1  ((ln k  1) 2  1)
= 2 M1A1
k
2
since 2 ((ln k – 1) + 1) > 0 R1
A<1 AG
[23]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 16

19. METHOD 1
3

area = 
arctan xdx
0 A1
attempting to integrate by parts M1
3 1
=
[ x arctan x] 0 3 
0
x 
1 x 2
dx
A1A1
3
1 
[ x arctan x] 0 3   ln(1  x 2 ) 
= 2 0 A1
Note: Award A1 even if limits are absent.
π 1
 ln 4
= 3 2 A1
 π 3 
  ln 2 
 3
 

METHOD 2
π
π 3
area = 3
 0
3 tan ydy
M1A1A1
π
π 3
 [ln cos y ] 03
= 3 M1A1
π 3 1  π 3 
 ln    ln 2 
3 2  3 
= A1
[6]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 17

20. (a) (i)

A2
Note: Award A1 for correct sin x, A1 for correct sin 2x.
π
Note: Award A1A0 for two correct shapes with 2 and/or 1 missing.
Note: Condone graph outside the domain.

π
(ii) sin 2x = sin x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
2 sin x cos x – sin x = 0 M1
sin x (2 cos x – 1) = 0
π
x = 0, 3 A1A1 N1N1

(iii) area =  0
3 (sin2 x  sinx ) dx
M1
Note: Award M1 for an integral that contains limits, not necessarily
correct, with sin x and sin 2x subtracted in either order.
π
 1 3
 2 cos 2 x  cos x 
=  0 A1
 1 2π π  1 
  cos  cos     cos 0  cos 0 
= 2 3 3  2  (M1)
3 1

= 4 2
1
= 4 A1

π
1 x 4 sin 2 
(b)

0 4 x
dx   0
6
4  4 sin 2  × 8 sin θ cos θ dθ M1A1A1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 18

 Note: Award M1 for substitution and reasonable attempt at finding
expression for dx in terms of dθ, first A1 for correct limits,
second A1 for correct substitution for dx.
π


0
6 8 sin 2d
A1
π


0
6 4  4 cos 2d
M1
π

= 4  2 sin 2 
6
0 A1
 2π π
  2 sin   0
= 3 3 (M1)
2π
 3
= 3 A1

(c) (i)

M1
from the diagram above
a b

the shaded area = 

f ( x)dx  ab   f 1
( y )dy
0 0 R1
b

1
f ( x)dx
= ab – 0 AG

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 19

 x
 –1
(ii) f(x) = arcsin 4 f (x) = 4 sin x A1
π
2  x π
 0 4 3 0
arcsin  dx   6 4 sin xdx
M1A1A1
π
Note: Award A1 for the limit 6 seen anywhere, A1 for all else correct.

π
  4 cos x06
= 3 A1
π
42 3
= 3 A1
Note: Award no marks for methods using integration by parts.
[25]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 20