INTELLIGENT BRAKING SYSTEM USING IR SENSOR

ABSTRACT
In today’s world vehicle accident is the major problem. To avoid this we
developed automatic breaking system in our innovative project. The system is
based on intelligent electronically control system known as “Autonomous
emergency braking system”. This system is used in four wheeler vehicle &
heavy vehicles. This system utilises pneumatic force to activate the brake of a
vehicle. These system is automated with the help of Infrared sensor, which is
used to sense the vehicle coming from front of our vehicle and which is
responsible for accident. Then sensor sends feedback signal to electronic control
unit through the relay control to stop the wheel by brake automatic brake
activation. During the working of Automatic braking system simultaneously the
driver also try to stop the vehicle by applying brake pedal. This system provide
pre-crash safety to the vehicle. As well as it improves the response time of
vehicle braking to keep safe distance between the vehicles. By using this system
we can obtain control over the speed of vehicle in short distance.

INTRODUCTION

India is the developing country in the world. India is the largest country
in the use of various type of vehicles sector. While the available resources to
run the vehicles like roads quality & new technologies in vehicles are being
developed to avoid accidents. The number of peoples are dead during the
vehicle accidents. It is very large as compared to the other causes of death.
Though there are different causes for accidents but proper technology of
braking system and technology to reduce the damage during accident wants to
be developed. Hence there is need of proper braking system to prevent the
accidents and to reduce the damage to vehicle is necessary. Our main aim is to
design & develop automatic control system based on intelligent electronic
control automotive brake activation system called “INTELLIGENT BRAKING
SYSTEM’’. It consist of Infrared sensor which has LED transmitter & photo
diode receiver circuit, Control unit, Pneumatic-braking System. Infrared sensor
is used to detect the obstacle coming in front of vehicle.

CONSTRUCTION

The base frame for housing overall components is fabricated with the
help of square tubes and channels with the help of metal cutting and metal
joining process called welding. The wheels are attached to the frame with the
help of shaft supported by bearing at front and rear side of the frame. The rear
wheel mounted shaft is driven by means of drive, which is coupled to the rear
wheel shaft with the help of chain drive. An infrared sensor is placed at the front
portion of vehicle for sensing the obstacle which comes in its path. The rod of
the pneumatic cylinder is attached to a brake lever with the help of link which is
activated by a solenoid valve and the solenoid valve is controlled by an
electronic control unit based upon the feedback signal from the infrared sensor.

WORKING PRINCIPLE

When the motor gets turned on, it causes the vehicle setup to move from
its rest position. During its motion the active infrared sensor senses the
condition of path by transmitted and received light waves generated by it. When
the obstacle get interrupted in the path of moving vehicle it disturbs the light
waves which is passed by the sensor and this disturbance is sensed by it and
feedback signal is sent to the electronic control unit, due to this solenoid valve
gets turned on and allows the compressed air from the reservoir to enter into the
pneumatic cylinder and creates the extension force to activate the brake pedal
for application of brake. This helps in avoiding the serious damages caused for
human beings as well as for vehicle.
LAYOUT

ADVANTAGES

 Simple in operation
 Free from wear adjustment.
 Less power consumption.
 Lesser noisy in operation due to pneumatic system.
 System prevents accidents & provides safety to the passengers.
 System has fast response.
 System able to increase the pre-crash safety.

APPLICATIONS

 For Automobile applications.

 For Industrial applications.
 Passenger car vehicles.
 This system also successfully installed in cars, Rickshaws, Tempos &
heavy vehicles like buses, trucks, trailers, etc.