Historical &

Cultural Studies
 Difference between Roman & Greek Architecture
Course Coverage
Greek Architecture Roman Architecture
1.Greeks created large buildings that were mainly 1. Romans made sure their buildings were
BASIC
decorated CONCEPTS
on the outside but not so much on the inside. beautiful both the inside and the outside.

2. The Greeks
Basic used
Concepts marble,
Classical plaster,
and wood,
Expanded Definition
Vintage Shopping Tips 2.The Romans preferred to use concrete as their
and stone for construction.
Starting a Collection primary building material.
3.Antique Appraisal
The Greeks made columns with the sole
Antique Trading 3. Romans, however, integrated a lot of art
purpose of supporting the roof of the building.
Care, Preservation, and Repair and meaning into the design of their
There wasn’t any major form of artistic design or
columns and even entire buildings.
meaning in the Greek columns.

4. In Greek Architecture domes, vaults and 4. Romans used vaults, domes, and arches to
arches are not that much used. improve their buildings’ elegance.

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 Examples of Greek Architecture
The Acropolis The Parthenon
Located on a limestone hill high above Athens,
Greece, the Acropolis has been inhabited
since prehistoric times. Over the centuries, the
Acropolis was many things: a home to kings, a
citadel, a mythical home of the gods, a
religious center and a tourist attraction.
The Erechtheum
The Parthenon is a former temple on the
Athenian Acropolis, Greece, dedicated to
the goddess Athena, whom the people of
Athens considered their patroness.Built in
the 5 century B.C., it was a symbol of the
power, wealth and elevated culture of
Athens.

The Erechtheum
The Erechtheum is an ancient Greek
temple constructed on the acropolis
of Athens between 421 and 406
BCE in the Golden Age of the city in
order to house the ancient wooden
cult statue of Athena and generally
The Acropolis
glorify the great city at the height of
The Parthenon
its power and influenc
 The Temple of Apollo at Didyma
Located about 11 miles south of the ancient port
city of Miletus on the western coast of modern-
day Turkey, the Temple of Apollo at Didyma or
Didymaion was the fourth largest temple in the
ancient Greek world. In its exterior it resembles
the typical large Ionic temple of Asia Minor with a
double colonnade surrounding it, no
opisthodomus, and a pronaos containing three
The Temple of Apollo at Didyma
rows of four columns each.

The Temple of Athena Nike

The Temple of Athena Nike is a
temple on the Acropolis of Athens,
dedicated to the goddesses Athena
and Nike. Built around 420 BC, the
temple is the earliest fully Ionic temple
on the Acropolis.
The Temple of Athena Nike
 Doric Columns in Today's World
The Doric column is an architectural element from ancient Greece and represents one of the
five orders of classical architecture. It is characterized by a plain, unadorned column capital and
a column that rests directly on the stylobate of the temple without a base.

the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Neoclassical

Old Bungalow in Bandra,
Federal Hall Museum
Mumbai
Propylaea, Germany The Queen's Gallery, London
buildings were inspired by the architecture of early
Greece and Rome. Neoclassical columns imitate the
Classical styles at the 1842 Federal Hall Museum and
Memorial at 26 Wall Street in New York City. In the
city of Mumbai, India, the old bungalows and
buildings have Greek columns of Ionic and Doric
order. Propylaea, a city gate at Munich in
Germany,The Monument of the Great Fire of
London,The Queen's Gallery in London, Trsat Castle,
a former castle, now used as a restaurant and tourist
spot in Croatia are also some examples, where Doric
columns can be found.

The Monument of Trsat Castle, Croatia

the Great Fire of
London
 Ionic Columns in Today's World
The Ionic column is typically identified by its capital, which includes large paired spiral
scrolls, or volutes. It has the tallest base of the three classic Greek orders.
Nowadays, Ionic Columns are found
worldwide in government buildings, old
bungalows and colonial houses. The
Chamber of commerce in Albany, Flint,
Genesee County Court House in Michigan,
the British Museum in London, National
Library in Kolkata, Karnataka High Court in
Karnataka, India are some buildings, in which
Ionic Columns are found.
 Corinthian Columns in Today's World
The word "Corinthian" describes an ornate column style developed in ancient Greece and classified as one of
the Classical Orders of Architecture. The Corinthian style is more complex and elaborate than the earlier
Doric and Ionic Orders.
In today's world, famous
buildings with Corinthian
columns include the U.S.
Supreme Court Building, the U.S.
Capitol, st. Paul's Cathedral and
St. Martins- in-the- Fields in
U. S. Supreme Court Building The U. S. Capitol The Great Mosque of Kairouan
London, Kolkata High Court and
Marble Palace in Kolkata, Paris
Opera in France. Corinthian-like
designs can also be found in
some Islamic architecture. "Many
mosques, like those at Kairouan
and Cordova, used actual
ancient Corinthian capitals".
 Why Greek Architecture is different from other
architectures?
Greek Architecture is different from other architectures because of some reasons, which are:
Logic and order are at the heart of Greek architecture. The Hellenes planned their temples
Logic and Order: according to a coded scheme of parts, based first on function, then on a reasoned system of
sculptural decoration. Mathematics determined the symmetry, the harmony and balance.

Invention of the Classical Orders: There are five major orders in Greek Architecture - Doric, Ionic, Corinthian,
Tuscan, and Composite.

Greek architects commissioned sculptors to carve friezes, statues and other

Exquisite Architectural Sculpture:
architectural sculptures, whose beauty has rarely, if ever, been equalled in the
history of art.

Its influence on Their formulas - devised as far back as 550 BCE - paved the way for Renaissance and Neoclassical
other schools: architecture, and had the greatest possible influence on the proportions, style and aesthetics of
the 18th and 19th centuries. Modern architects, too, have been influenced by Greek architectural
forms. Louis Sullivan (1856-1924), for instance, a leading figure in the First Chicago School, based
a number of his skyscraper designs on the Greek template of base, shaft, and capital, while using
vertical bands (reminiscent of the fluting on Greek columns) to draw the eye upwards.
Thank you