1. Who are the main characters in the movie and what sector of society do they represent?

- Kulas
- Diding
- Bindoy
- Don Tibor
- Padre Gil
- Lim
- Atong
- Kidlat
- Concordia
- Comandante

 Sector of society: The film displayed an immersive look of the Philippines during Spanish
colonization. It portrayed how the rich lived in manila and how influenced the city
looked, while the far flung areas of the country was shown to be otherwise. The film
was set to show sometime around the dry season of of 1898.
 In the course of his adventures, realizations and epiphany, he meets a cross section of
society, including revolutionaries, Spanish friars, theater actors, members of high
society, and just-arrived American soldiers.

2. Explain based on your understanding of the movie, the enduring question of the main character;
"Sino ang totoong Filipino"?

Sa buong pelikula, hinarap ni Kulas ang tanong na ito, at sinusubukan niyang isaayos ang
kanyang pinagmulan sa probinsiya sa mga bagong ideya at karanasan sa Maynila.
Nakakaranas siya ng iba't ibang uri ng mga uri ng tao, klase ng lipunan, ideolohiya sa pulitika,
at kultura, at nahihirapan siyang intindihin kung paano ito makakatulong sa kanyang
pagkakakilanlan bilang isang Pilipino.

Pero sa huli po, natuklasan ni Kulas na hindi tungkol sa pagiging sumusunod sa isang takdang
mga paniniwala o paninindigan ang pagiging Pilipino, kundi tungkol sa pagtanggap ng
kahalagahan ng iba't ibang aspeto ng kultura at kasaysayan ng Pilipinas. Natutunan niya na
ang pagiging Pilipino ay tungkol sa pagdiriwang ng kasaysayan, kultura, at mga tradisyon ng
bansa, habang bukas din sa mga bagong ideya at impluwensya.

Ang matagal nang katanungan na "Sino ang totoong Filipino?" ay isang mahirap at malalim
na usapin na patuloy na kinakaharap ng mga Pilipino hanggang ngayon. Ito ay nagsasalamin
sa patuloy na pakikibaka sa pagpapakatibay ng pagkakakilanlan ng mga Pilipino at sa
pagtugon sa tradisyonal na mga paniniwala sa gitna ng modernidad at globalisasyon.
 3. Compare and contrast the status of the Philippine in the 1800s and the present based on
following aspect of society:

 Economic

In 1800’s, the Philippines was primarily an agricultural economy, with the majority of the population
engaged in farming and fishing. But that time the country was shown to be driven by the Spanish. So the
central form of government imposed that it focuses on land ownership and taxes. On the other hand, it
was shown that the center trade and business was in Manila, where most of the Spanish resides.

In the present, the Philippines is a developing country with a diverse economy that includes agriculture,
manufacturing, and services. The country has made significant progress in economic development, but
poverty and income inequality remain significant issues.

 Social

In the 1800’s, the social hierarchy in the Philippines was based on a strict class system, with the Spanish
colonizers occupying the highest positions in society. The native Filipinos were considered lower class,
and there was a sharp divide between the rich and poor, with few opportunities for social mobility.

In the present, the Philippines has a more egalitarian society, although income inequality remains a
significant issue. The country has made progress in promoting gender equality and social inclusion, but
there are still challenges in terms of access to education, healthcare, and social services.

 Spiritual

In the 1800’s the Philippines is a religion-centered country and government. Given that the political
system was mostly influenced by the church, it is evident that religion specifically Christianity was widely
spread and used for administration

In the present-day, Philippines is still predominantly Catholic, but there is greater religious diversity.
There is also a clear separation between church and state, and the Catholic Church's influence has
diminished. Alternative spiritual practices such as meditation and mindfulness have also gained
popularity.

Overall, the Philippines has undergone significant changes since the 1800s in terms of politics,
economics, society, and spirituality. While there have been improvements in many areas, challenges
such as poverty and inequality still persist, and there is still much work to be done to create a more
equitable and just society.

 Political

In the 1800’s, the Philippines was under the colonial rule of Spain, which lasted for over 300 years. The
country is governed by Spanish officials. There were in charge of enforcing laws and deciding for the
country meaning that the Filipinos did not have the right to vote. They have a Cedula that serves as an
identification card to Filipinos for economic and political purposes.
In the present, the Philippines is an independent republic with a presidential form of government. The
country has its own constitution and is governed by elected officials. The citizens of the Philippines have
the right to vote and participate in the democratic process.