Final Tool Kit PDF

TOOL KIT FOR JOB SEEKERS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING PROFESSION
SKIT
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
TOOL KIT FOR JOB SEEKERS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING PROFESSION FOR CIVIL ENGINEERS
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1. CHARACTERISTIC TRAITS OF A SUCCESSFUL CIVIL ENGINEER ....................................... 2
Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 2
1. Technical Skills ............................................................................................................................ 2
2. Communication Skills.................................................................................................................. 2
3. Creativity...................................................................................................................................... 2
4. Self-motivation ............................................................................................................................ 3
5. Team player ................................................................................................................................. 3
6. Vision for the world ..................................................................................................................... 3
7. Updated technical knowledge ...................................................................................................... 3
8. Perfectionist ................................................................................................................................. 3
9. Time management ........................................................................................................................ 4
10. Critical Thinking ...................................................................................................................... 4
2. CAREER OPPORTUNITES FOR A CIVIL ENGINEER ................................................................. 4

3. TOP 250 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FOR A JOB INTERVIEW ............................................. 5
FOR A CIVIL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL ............................................................................... 5
4. CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS: ...................................... 25
5. FLOW CHART FOR A CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT ....................................................... 63
6. SOFT WARES USED IN CIVIL ENGINERING PROFESSION ................................................... 64
7. TOP CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN INDIA ......................................................................... 65
8. Top 10 BUILDERS IN BANGALORE ............................................................................................ 69
9. TOP BUILDERS & DEVELOPERS IN INDIA .............................................................................. 70
10 TOP CIVIL EGINEERING CONSULTANCY SERVICES IN INDIA ....................................... 71
11. TOP CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT CONSULTANTS IN INDIA ............ 89
12. 5 TAKE AWAYS FROM EACH SUBJECTS. .............................................................................. 92
13. COMPLETE SET OF DRAWINGS OF A REAL PROJECT. ................................................... 101
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 1

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1. CHARACTERISTIC TRAITS OF A SUCCESSFUL CIVIL ENGINEER
Ten Characteristic traits of a successful Civil Engineer is briefly explained in this article. The
world is growing in a rapid manner and Civil Engineers play a vital role in it. The hard work and
passion towards the betterment of the planet has helped it to grow steadily over time.
Introduction
The world is growing in a rapid consuetude and Civil Engineers play a vital role in it. Let it be the
construction field, water resource management, environmental safety, transportation and in plenty
other fields, there is a great hand by Civil Engineers. Their qualities and major characteristic traits
made the world attractive and habitable as it is now. The hard work and passion towards the
betterment of the planet has helped it to grow steadily over time. Here are the 10 most important
characteristic traits for developing a successful Civil Engineer in you.
1. Technical Skills
This is the most important among all and a Civil Engineer without these skills is of no use.
The person must be well versed and have depth on mathematics and physics as a basic and also
should be well aware about the Engineering basics at least. In order to improve these skills, greater
exposure towards the outer world is essential.
2. Communication Skills
This is what most of the Engineers lack and is a pioneer among all. Almost every companies give
greater preference to a employee with wide range of communication skills. It is important because for
a work to be done properly there must be fluent interactions between Engineers and the workers. A
person with poor communication skills cannot give their full potential. To know more on this go
through the importance of communication skills.
3. Creativity
A person with a creative mind is so valuable asset to that particular company as such people
always comes up with unique and mesmerizing ideas in every project. This is very important for a
designer, draftsman or even an architect. So it is another character which a Civil Engineer must
possess so as to succeed in their career.

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4. Self-motivation
The field, which is to be experienced, is such a backbreaker to all. There may be stages when
you will be treated harshly, fired or may even get depressed when things will not go on your way.
That is the time in your life when you are really tested whether you are timid hearted or courageous
enough to move to the next phase. Thus an Engineer must develop a self-motivating mindset among
one another so as to become the survivor of the fittest.
5. Team player
For a Civil project to be done successfully all the Engineers and works should form a team
and they should be a valuable team player who knows when and where to take the next moves.
Having an Engineer with such a trait is always a plus and will be a positive energy to all. Having this
characteristic trait is major advantage on one's side when it comes to the hard days because when
graph starts to go down, it requires great willpower to focus and bring thing moving without sinking
the ship.
6. Vision for the world

Vision towards a better world is the rarest characteristic seen among Civil Engineers and only
true passionate one possess this quality. The best side of it is that such Engineers will be ebullient as
their positive vision is what drives them over every hard paths. For the development of a country, this
is a major aspect as people tend to be corrupted with ease.
7. Updated technical knowledge

Technically the Engineering field exaggerates in a steady manner and it is their duty to keep
in pace with the growing technologies all over the world. Even though if a person had topped the
university, the probability of another average Engineer with this trait to succeed remains high. Thus,
it is necessary to keep in touch with the newly developed technologies to grow along with the rest.
8. Perfectionist
Perfection is what every Civil Engineer must achieve. Each project that has to be completed must
have accuracy and perfectly build as designed. At the same time, this characteristic quality may even
turn as a negative still being in positive side. It depends upon one's nature and how well they can
manage things to be done.

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9. Time management
Time is the most valuable factor in front of every graduates who are ready to build a newer
world. A person who develops the skill to windup their work within specified time can be an aid to
that company to which he is dedicated. It even requires plenty of exposure to the outer world to think
and act effective without any damages caused. The better the time management, the better will be
their outcome. To know more about the importance of time management goes through the essence of
time management.
10. Critical Thinking
Civil Engineers must be capable of solving crucial problems that are experienced in their day-
to-day life. Thus in order to cutout through all similar quandaries, an Engineer must be a critical
thinker. They should come up with quick solutions whenever needed without any hitch. Having such
people in one's side is always a boon.
2. CAREER OPPORTUNITES FOR A CIVIL ENGINEER
1. Central and state government organizations like CPWD, SPWD and all other departments of
governments.
2. Civil services like UPSC and state public service Commissions.
3. Civil Engineering consultancy organizations.
4. Railways, highways, harbors.
5. Private construction companies.
6. Developers.
7. Contractors.
8. Higher studies like master’s degrees, PhD post-doctoral.
9. Project management companies.
10. Civil Engineering products manufacturing companies.
11. Read mix concrete plants.
12. Rehabilitation and retro fitting companies.
13. Construction materials testing and calibration companies.

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3. TOP 250 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FOR A JOB INTERVIEW

FOR A CIVIL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL
1. What Do You Understand by M25 Concrete?

Ans: According to IS 456: 2000, M refers Mix and 25 refers the characteristic compressive. Strength
of concrete cube of 150mmX150mmX150 mm tested at the end of 28 days should be minimum 25
N/Sq.mm
2. What is the maximum allowable fresh concrete temperature until used as per ASTM?
Ans 32 OC
3. What are the skills required to become an architect?

Ans : A Conceptual understanding of designing models
B Basic knowledge of computer and architect related software programs
C Designing 3D models
D Engineering ability
E Business aptitude
F Legal knowledge
4. What is guniting?
Ans : It is a process in which mixture of cement & sand in proportion of 1:3 is shot on concrete
surface with the help of cement gun under pressure of 2 to 3 kg/cm2. It is a highly effective process
for repairing concrete walls or damaged surfaces.
5. For filling cracks in masonry structures, the type of bitumen used, is

Ans: Plastic bitumen.
6. What is the bending moment (BM) & Shear force (SF) – Explain?
Ans: A bending moment is the reaction induced in a structural element when an
external force or moment is applied to the element causing the element to bend. The most common or
simplest structural element subjected to bending moments is the beam. Shear force is the force in
the beam acting perpendicular to its longitudinal (x) axis. For design purposes, the beam’s ability to

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resist shear force is more important than its ability to resist an axial force. Axial force is the force in
the beam acting parallel to the longitudinal axis.
7. For filling cracks in masonry structures, the type of bitumen used, is

Ans : Plastic bitumen
8. What is the process of covering of concrete placed on the exposed top of an external wall ?
Ans : Coping
9. A wall constructed to resist the pressure of an earth filling, is known as

Ans : Retaining wall.
10. What is the minimum curing period?

Ans : IS 456 – 2000 recommends that curing duration of concrete must be at least 7 days in case of
Ordinary Portland cement, at least 10 days for concrete with Mineral admixtures. It also recommends
that the curing duration should not be less than 10 days for concrete of OPC exposed to dry and hot
weather conditions and 14 days for concrete with mineral admixtures in hot and dry weather.
11. What is the minimum weight of fine aggregate for sieve analysis as per ASTM C136?
Ans : 300 g
12. How many hours should CBR samples be soaked?

Ans : 96 Hrs.
13. What is a bearing capacity of soil?

Ans : Bearing capacity is the capacity of soil to support the loads applied to the ground by the
foundation of the structure.
14. What do you mean by honeycomb in concrete?
Ans : Honeycomb, also known as air pocket, is nothing but the air voids in concrete. It is usually
formed during concrete casting.

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15. What field tests are required for quality check of cement?
Ans : Quality of cement can be checked with color, physical properties, etc. Cement should have grey
color with light greenish shade. It should feel smooth when rubbed between fingers. If hand is
inserted in a heap of cement or its bags, it should feel cool. When pinch of cement is thrown in Water
then cement should float for some time before it sinks. In addition, it should be lump free.
16. What are the types of cement?

Ans : There are various types of cement which are: Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), White Portland
Cement (WPC), Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC), Low Heat Portland Cement, Colored Portland
Cement, Hydrophobic cement, Rapid Hardening Cement, Portland Slag Cement, Sulphate resisting
Portland Cement, etc.
17. What is the difference between built area and super built up area?
Ans : • Built up area: It includes your carpet area plus area covered by walls, pillars and ducts. It is
usually 10% more from the carpet area• Super built up area: It includes your built up area plus the
area that you use as building amenities like passage to lift, stairs and lifts, gym, club, etc.
18. What is Water-Cement Ratio and How it is related to the strength of concrete?
Ans : The water-cement ratio is the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement used in a
concrete mix. A lower ratio leads to higher strength and durability, but may make the mix difficult to
work i.e. low workability of Concrete Mix. Workability can be increased with the use of admixtures.
19. Explain what is Hybrid Foundation?

Ans : Hybrid Foundation is usually used for high rise building, it contains both soil supported mat
and piles. This type of foundation is helpful in reducing the amount of the settlement.
20. what are the steps involved in the concreting process, explain?
Ans : Steps In Concreting:
Batching: The process of measuring different concrete materials such as cement, coarse aggregate,
sand, water for the making of concrete is known as batching.
Mixing.

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Transportation:
Compaction.
Curing.
21. Explain what is flashing?

Ans : Flashing is an extended construction that is done to seal and protects joints in a building from
water penetration. Flashing is installed at the intersecting roofs, walls and parapets.
22. What is Bursting Reinforcement?

Ans : Tensile stresses are induced during pre-stressing operation and the maximum bursting stress
occurs where the stress trajectories are concave towards the line of action of the load. Reinforcement
is needed to resist these lateral tensile forces.
23. What are the major problems in using pumping for concreting works?
Ans : In pumping operation, the force exerted by pumps must overcome the friction between concrete
and the pumping pipes, the weight of concrete and the pressure head when placing concrete above the
pumps. In fact, as only water is pump-able, it is the water in the concrete that transfers the pressure.
The main problems associated with pumping are the effect of segregation and bleeding. To rectify
these adverse effects, the proportion of cement is increased to enhance the cohesion in order to reduce
segregation and bleeding. On the other hand, a proper selection of aggregate grading helps to improve
the pump-ability of concrete.
24. What are the responsibilities of a construction manager?

Ans : The responsibilities of a construction manager are
• Cosestimates
• Pre-purchase of selected materials
• Selection of bidders for bidding phase
• Analysis of proposals
• Construction contract negotiations
• Construction Scheduling and Monitoring

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• Cost control of construction

• Construction supervision
25. What is Shear slump?

Ans : Shear slump implies that the concrete mix is deficient in cohesion. Consequently, it may
undergo segregation and bleeding and thus is undesirable for durability of concrete.
26. Why is concrete weak in tension?

Ans : Concrete is made up of collection of materials (several aggregate types, cement, pozzolans,
water, air…), which are stick together with a cement paste. The “interface” zone is the weakest link
in the structure. When compressing, that interface only serves to transfer compressive stresses from
one aggregate to the next. That does not require exceptional strength.
Under tension, the aggregates are trying to pull away from each other, and the glue is what holds the
whole system together. Since it is significantly weaker than the aggregates, it is where the failure
starts at much lower stresses.
27. What is grouting?

Ans : Grout is a fluid form of concrete which is used to fill the voids.
28. What is the recommended slump for column?

Ans : 75 to 125 mm
29. The bearing capacity of granite is generally?

Ans : 30 to 35 kg/cm2
30. What are the specifications of tamping rod used in cube filling for cube test?
Ans : According to the IS code 2386, a 16 mm steel rod with rounded edge.
31. What is the minimum curing period?

Ans : IS 456 – 2000 recommends that curing duration of concrete must be at least 7 days in case of
Ordinary Portland cement, at least 10 days for concrete with Mineral admixtures.

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It also recommends that the curing duration should not be less than 10 days for concrete of OPC
exposed to dry and hot weather conditions and 14 days for concrete with mineral admixtures in hot
and dry weather.
32. What are the functions of column in a building?

Ans : Column is a vertical member in building whose Primary function is to support structural load
and transfer it through beams. Upper columns transfers the load to the lower columns and finally to
the ground through footings.
33. What are the uses of Groynes?

Ans : They prevent, or slow down erosion, and stop the long shore drift. This, however, can have bad
knock-on effects somewhere near.
34. What is the initial and final setting time of ideal cement mix?
Ans : Initial setting time for ideal cement mix is around 30 minutes for almost all kind of cements.
For masonry cement, it can be 90minutes. Final setting time of ideal cement mix should be 10 hours
at max. For masonry cement, it should not exceed 24hours.
35. The portion of a brick cut across the width is called

Ans : Bat
36. What reinforcements are used in the process of prestressing?

Ans : The major types of reinforcements used in Pre-stressing are:
Spalling Reinforcement: The spalling stresses leads to stress behind the loaded area of the anchor
blocks. This results in the breaking off the surface concrete. The most likely causes of such types of
stresses are Poisson`s effects strain interoperability or by the stress trajectory shapes.
Equilibrium reinforcements: This type of reinforcements is required where several anchorages

exist where the prestressing loads are applied in a sequential manner.

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Bursting Reinforcements: These kinds of stresses occur in cases where the stress trajectories are
concave towards the line of action of load. In order to reduce such stresses, reinforcements in the
form of bursting are required.
37. What are the common ways of demolition?
Ans : • Hydro-demolition
• Pressure Bursting
• Dismantling
38. What are the main reasons for conducting pull-out tests for soil nails?
Ans : There are mainly four reasons for this test:
 To check and verify the bond strength between soil and grout adopted during the design of
soil nails. This is the main objective of conducting soil nail pullout test.
 To determine the bond strength between soil and grout for future design purpose. However, if
this target is to be achieved, the test nails should be loaded to determine the ultimate soil/grout
bond with an upper limit of 80% of the ultimate tensile strength of steel bars.
 To check if there is any slippage or creep occurrence.
 To check the elastic and plastic deformations of test nails. This is observed during the
repeated loading and unloading cycles of soil nails.
39. Explain QA&QC?

Ans : Quality Assurance (QA): Quality Assurance is a set of activities for ensuring quality in the
processes by which works are done. Quality Assurance is the process of managing for quality.
Quality Control (QC): Quality Control is a set of activities for ensuring quality in works. The
activities focus on identifying defects in the actual products produced. Quality Control is used to
verify the quality of the output.
40. What Is The Ratio Of Grades M5, M7.5, M10, M15, M20, M25, M30, M35, M40?
Ans : M5 – 1:5:10
M7.5 – 1:4:8
M10 – 1:3:6
M15 – 1:2:4

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M20 – 1:1.5:3
M25 – 1:1:2
M30, M35, M40 – Design Mix Followed
41. The length of each fishplate is

Ans : 457.2mm
42. Rail chairs are used to fix

Ans : Double head rails
43. What is guniting?

Ans : It is a process in which mixture of cement & sand in proportion of 1:3 is shot on concrete
surface with the help of cement gun under pressure of 2 to 3 kg/cm2
44. It is a highly effective process for repairing concrete walls or damaged surfaces
Ans : Flat bearing
The main purpose of using bearing plate is to distribute the pressure over wider area, eliminate the
adzing of wooden sleepers, preventing the widening of gauge of curves
45. How would you describe the soundness of cement?
Ans : Cement soundness can be described as a property which ensures that the cement does not go
through any appreciable expansion pr experience any chance in volume once it has been set. This
process helps get rid of any possibilities of the mortar or concrete from getting disrupted.
46.Creeping of rails can be checked by using
Ans : Anchors
47. What Is Rigging?
Ans : In sailing, the ropes used to move the sails around so the boat will move in the right direction
when the wind blows.
48. What Are The Materials Used In Building A Gravity Dam?
Ans : There are many gravity dams constructed of compacted earth. High dams are generally
concrete. All dams require a spillway to be safe. The spillway must be armored

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49. What made you decide to become a Civil Engineer?

Ans : I decided to become a Civil Engineer because of my father who is a Math teacher. As a child,
he shared his great love for solving mathematical equations and other types of puzzles with me. He
was always asking me to look outside the box to solve each dilemma. He encouraged me to have a
quizzical mind and to always explore not only how something was built but also how it worked. He
inspired me to figure out if the design could be improved upon by utilizing a different means.”
50. What The Purpose Of The Gap In The Road On This Bridge?
Ans : Purpose of the gap in the road is to allow the road to expand and contract with temperature
changes without causing damage or deformation to the road
51. on Indian railways, minimum formation width in embankment for a single line of board
gauge, is
Ans : 6.1m
53. The device used for changing the direction of the engines is called
Ans : Turn table.
54. The device provided to prevent the vehicles from moving beyond the end of rail at terminals
is called
Ans : Buffer stops
55. What Are Moment Of Inertia And Its Importance In Civil Engineering?
Ans : The moment of inertia measures the opposition any kind of body will have against a certain
momentum (along that same axis) trying to rotate that body.
56. The distance between the running edge of the stock and switch rails at the switch heel ,is
called
Ans : Heel clearance

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57. What are various tests for checking brick quality?

Ans : We can use water absorption test, hardness test, shape & size, crushing strength test, soundness
test, etc. to check the brick quality. In water absorption test, we dip the brick for 16 hours in water. If
weight of brick after dipping in water doesn’t exceed by 20%, it can be considered as first class brick,
if below 22.5% it can be considered as second class brick, if below 25% it can be considered as third
class brick. In crushing test, it crushing strength should be minimum of 10 N/mm2 for first class
brick, 7.5 N/mm2
For second-class bricks. In hardness test, we scratch the brick with nails. It should be scratch free. In
soundness test we check the metallic sound by striking two bricks with each other
58. The distance between the adjacent faces of the stock rail and the check rail , is called
Ans : Flange way clearance
59. What is void ratio?

Ans : Void ratio is the ratio of volume of voids to volume of solids.
60 .Stock rails are fitted

Ans : Against tongue clearance
61. The switch angle is the angle subtended between the gauge faces of the
Ans : Stock rail and check.
62. Explain what is Critical Path Method (C.P.M)?

Ans : Critical Path Method is strategy and method of representing the respective tasks and activities
involved in the construction through a symbolic diagram.
63. How Do You Determine Specific Gravity Of Cement?

Ans : Cement is usually purchased as a powdery substance that is mixed with sand, aggregate, gravel,
and water to form concrete. Since the cement itself is usually a powder, it is hard to measure a
standard value for its specific gravity. In addition, since cement is usually not used by itself, knowing
its specific gravity is not particularly useful.

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A more useful question is “What is the typical density of concrete?” A rule of thumb answer
is that normal cured concrete has a density of about 150 pounds per cubic foot. This includes the
weight of the cement, sand, aggregate, and that PArt of the water that chemically binds with the
cement to form the concrete. Since water weighs about 62.4 pounds per cubic feet, concrete is about
2.4 times as heavy. Thus, the specific gravity of concrete is about 2.4. If you took cement and mixed
it with water, you would eventually have a hard lump of useless cement and it would also have a
specific gravity of between 2 and 2.4
.
64. The distance between the running face of the stock rail and toe of the tongue rail is known
as
Ans : Throw of switch
65. The maximum value of throw of switch for a broad gauge track is
Ans : 95mm
66. in INDIA, the crossing number for passenger turnout is taken as

Ans : 12
67 .A Warner signal, which is first seen by the driver, is known as
Ans : Outer signal
68. What the steps involved in Building Construction?
Ans : Concreting
Masonry work
Plastering work
Flooring work
Formwork
Steel cutting and Bending
69. The reception signal is
Ans : Outer signal, home signal
70 .In a shunting signal, if the red band is horizontal, it indicates

Ans : Proceed

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71. There are different steps involved in Building construction like,

Ans : Concreting
Masonry work
Plastering work
Flooring work
Formwork
Steel cutting and Bending
72. How do you measure the volume of concrete?
Ans : The volume of concrete is calculated by Multiplying its Length, Width, and Thickness together.
For Example – 1m x1m x1m = 1 m³ of volume of concrete.
73. Why Concrete Cover is provided to reinforcement?

Ans : Concrete cover for reinforcement is required to protect the rebar against corrosion and to
provide resistance against fire.
74. How to do check level on construction site?

Ans : I will check the level on construction site by Spirit level, Dumpy Level and Leveling Pipe.
75. What is the accuracy of the dumpy level or minimum reading we can take?
Ans : With the help of a dumpy level we can take up 5mm accurate reading or minimum reading.
76. How do you calculate the weight of 12m long and 10mm dia. Steel on-site?
Ans : By multiplying the length of steel bar with its unit weight
(Unit wt of 10mm = 0.60 kg/m)
Weight of steel = 0.60x 12
= 7.2 kg
77. Which is the equation used for calculating unit weight of steel bar?
Ans : (D²/162)
78. What is the size of a concrete cube?

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Ans : 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm
79. What do you do if any concrete cube fails in 28 days compressive strength test?
Ans : If the concrete cube fails in strength test, I will conduct a core cutter test on concrete and send a
report to higher authorities.
80. What is the mix ratio for M – 20 Grade of concrete?
1: 1.5: 3
81. What is the Unit weight of 12 mm Steel Bars?
Ans : 0.89 kg/m
82. Explain what is floating slab foundation?
Ans : A floating concrete foundation is a type of mat foundation that consists of the hollow mat
formed by a grid of thick reinforced concrete walls between two thick reinforced concrete slabs.
83. What is the Density of Steel?

Ans : 7850 kg/m³
84. In Fe – 415 Steel Grade, 415 indicates of Steel.

Ans : Tensile Strength
85. The height of low kerb ?

Ans : A kerb is a structure used to separate pavement and median, pavement and shoulder, pavement
and footpath. In low kerb height is restricted to 100mm only.
86. What is the Volume of 50 kg bag of cement?

Ans : 0.035 m³
87. What are the functions of grout inside tendon ducts?

Ans : Grout in prestressing works serves the following purposes:
1. Protect the tendon against corrosion.
2. Improve the ultimate capacity of tendon.
3. Provide a bond between the structural member and the tendon.
4. In case of failure, the anchorage is not subject to all strain energy.

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88. In Residential Building, Average Value of Stair Width?

Ans : 900 mm
89. What is the function of shear keys in the design of retaining walls?
Ans : In determining the external stability of retaining walls, failure modes like bearing failure,sliding
and overturning are normally considered in design. In considering the criterion ofsliding, the sliding
resistance of retaining walls is derived from the base friction betweenthe wall base and the foundation
soils. To increase the sliding resistance of retaining walls,other than providing a large self-weight or a
large retained soil mass, shear keys are to beinstalled at the wall base.
90. The Slope of Stair Should not Exceed.

Ans : 25- 40º
91. What are the major problems in using pumping for concreting works?
Ans: In pumping operation, the force exerted by pumps must overcome the friction between.concrete
and the pumping pipes, the weight of concrete and the pressure head when placing.concrete above the
pumps. In fact, as only water is pumpable, it is the water in the concretethat transfers the pressure.The
main problems associated with pumping are the effect of segregation and bleeding. Torectify these
adverse effects, the proportion of cement is increased to enhance the cohesionin order to reduce
segregation and bleeding. On the other hand, a proper selection ofaggregate grading helps to improve
the pumpability of concrete.
92. Minimum diameter of steel in Column.
12 mm
93. What are the disadvantages of curing by ponding and polythene sheets?
Ans : The purpose of curing is to reduce the rate of heat loss of freshly placed concrete to the
atmosphere and to minimize the temperature gradient across concrete cross section.
Moreover, curing serves to reduce of the loss water from freshly placed concrete to the
atmosphere.
Ponding: This method of thermal curing is readily affected by weather condition (cold
wind). Moreover, a large amount of water used has to be disposed off the construction sites

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after curing.
Polythene sheet: This method of curing is based on the principle that there is no flow of air
over the concrete surface and thereby no evaporation can take place on top of the freshly
concreted surface by provision of polythene sheets. However, it suffers from the demerit
that polythene sheets can be easily blown off in windy condition and the performance of
curing would be affected. Moreover, for water lost due to self-desiccation, this method
cannot replenish these losses.
94. Standard Size of Brick?

Ans : 19 cm x 9 cm x 9 cm
95. What is Unit Weight of RCC?

Ans : 2500 kg/ m³
96. Explain what are the problems one might face while having a Cantilever balcony?
Ans : Cantilever balcony are usually unsupported and extend outwards, so the problem with
Cantilever balconies are
• Excess deflection or bounce
• Weakness of the deck structure
• Rot and water damage to the interior of the house
• Unevenness inside the house
• Can’t use the balcony for gardening or other purposes as it is not designed to lift excess amount of
weight
97. One Acre = Sq. ft.

Ans : 43560 Sq. ft.
98. What is the Full Form of UTM?

Ans : Universal Testing Machine
99. What do you understand by segregation?

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Ans : Segregation is defined as a process of filtering cement & sand separately from the concrete
mixture. In other words, segregation is caused due to vibration between materials forming a concrete.
One material being high in weight & one being less tend to be uneven while in a liquid state. The
heavier material gets settled at the bottom of the concrete & lighter material moves on top.
100. Cement Expire After?

3 month
101. What is the IS code for Plain and Reinforced Concrete

Ans : IS: 456
102. One square meter = Sq. ft?

Ans : 10.76 Sq. ft
103. What are the standard American codes for steel and concrete?
Ans : ACI and AISC
104. What is the code of practice for General Construction in steel?

Ans : IS: 800
105. What is unit weight of 25 mm Steel Bars?

Ans : 3.85 kg/m
106. One Hectare = _______Acres

Ans : 2.47 Acres
107. One Gallon = Liters 3.78Liters
108. Which type of cement is used is construction of massive Dam structures?

Ans : Low heat cement

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109. One kilo Newton is equal to kilograms?

Ans : 101.97 KG
110. For Steel structures what is permissible vertical deflection?

Ans : Span / 325
111. One Tonne is equal to kilograms

Ans : 1000 KG
112. Maximum Free fall of concrete allowed is?

Ans : 1.5 m
113. Instrument used for level work on a construction site?

Ans : Dumpy Level
114. What is the minimum reinforcement in beams?

Ans : Ast/b*d = 0.85/ fy
115. What is the maximum reinforcement in beams?

Ans : 0.04*b*d
116. What is the minimum reinforcement in slabs?

Ans : 0.12 % of gross area
117. What is the minimum reinforcement in columns?
Ans : 0. 8% of area
118. What is the maximum reinforcement in columns?
Ans : 4%
119. Minimum Bars in Circular Column should be_______

Ans : 6 Nos.

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120. What is the Full Form of AAC?

Ans : Autoclaved Aerated Concrete
121. What is the Full Form of NDT?
Ans : Non – Destructive Test
122. What is the Full Form of JCB?

Ans : Joseph Cyril Bamford
123. Which Test is conducted to determine the bearing capacity of Soil?

Ans : Plate Load Test
124. Ring and ball test is conducted on which construction material?

Ans : Bitumen
125. Where is the section for bending considered?

Ans : At the face of column
126. What is the maximum no of steps in a flight?

Ans : 12
127. What are various limit states of strength?

Ans : Flexure, Compression, shear and torsion
128. Minimum hook length as per IS Code?

Ans : 75 mm
129. What is the extra length in Bent up bars?

0.45 X D
130. What is Least Count of Dumpy?

Ans : 5mm

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131. What is full of EGL?

Ans : Existing ground level.
132. A First Class Brick Should Absorb Water More than?

Ans : 20 %
133. What are the minimum no of bars to be provided in rectangular column?

Ans: 4
134 .What are minimum no of bars to be provided in circular column?

Ans: 6
135. What are various losses in prestressing?

Ans: 1 Elastic deformation of concrete.
2.Shrinkage of concrete.
3.Creep of concrete.
4.Relaxation of stress in steel.
136. Vicats apparatus is used for
Ans : Consistency test
137. Le chatliers apparatus is used for`

Ans : Soundness test
138. Number of Bricks used in 1 Cubic meter of Brickwork?

Ans : 500 Nos.
139. The Normal Consistency of Portland cement?
Ans : 25 %
140. The Expansion in Portland cement is tested by…

Ans : Soundness Test

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141. What is shear center in steel beam

Ans : It is point or axis through which load acts
142. What is Strut?
Ans : Strut is a compression member
143. What is Modular Ratio?

It is the ratio of Modulus of elasticity of steel to Modulus of elasticity of concrete
144. What is the minimum diameter of bar used in column?

12
145. What are bearing piles?

Bearing piles transfer the loads to the hard strata
146. What are friction Piles

Friction piles transfer the loads by friction between surface of pile and soil.
147. According to IS Code, Full Strength of Concrete is achieved after?

28 Days
148. What is the Volume of 1 bag of cement?

0.035 m³
149. Minimum Grade of Concrete Used For RCC?
M – 20
149. What is the slenderness limit for column?
Less than 12, it is short column
More than 12, it is Long column
150. What is the initial and final setting time for cement?
Initial: Less than 30 min and 600 min.

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150. Le chatliers apparatus is used for

Soundness test
4. CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS:
Q1. What are the various Tests conducted for quality of Coarse aggregates?
Ans. In order to decide the suitability of the aggregate for use in concrete/pavement construction,
following tests are carried out:
1. Crushing Test on Aggregate:
The aggregate crushing value gives a relative measure of the resistance of an aggregate
crushing under gradually applied compressive load. If the aggregate crushing value is less than
10, it signifies an exceptionally strong aggregate. While crushing value above 35 would
normally be considered as weak aggregates.
2. Abrasion Test on Aggregate:
To determine the abrasion value of the coarse aggregate, this test is carried out. The principle of
Los Angeles abrasion test is to find the percentage wear due to relative rubbing action between
the aggregate and steel balls used as an abrasive charge.
3. Impact Test on Aggregate:
The aggregates should have sufficient toughness to resist their disintegration due to the impact.
This distinctive property is measured by impact value test
4. Soundness Test on Aggregate:
The soundness test is carried out to learn the resistance of aggregates to weathering actions like
thawing, freezing, alternate wetting and drying in normal condition and in salt water, variation
in temperature.
5. Shape Test on Aggregate:
Flakiness index test is used to determine the particle shape of the aggregate. It is defined in
percentage by weight of aggregate particles and least dimension (thickness) of those particles
should not be less than 0.6 times their mean area.
6. Specific Gravity and Water Absorption Test on Aggregate:

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The specific gravity of an aggregate is a measure of a strength or quality of the material. The
specific gravity test helps in the identification of stone. Water absorption gives an idea about
the strength of the aggregate.
7. Bitumen Adhesion Test on Aggregate:
Bitumen gets attached well to all normal types of road aggregates provided they are dry and
free from dust. In the absence of water, there is no adhesion problem of bituminous
construction. Adhesion problem may occur when the aggregate is wet and cold. This problem
can be dealt with by removing moisture from the aggregate by drying and increasing the mixing
temperature.
Q 2. List down the physical properties of Portland cement.

Ans. Physical Properties of Portland Cements
1) Fineness,
2) Setting time
3) Compressive strength
4) Soundness
5) Consistency
6) Heat of hydration
Q3. What is the initial and final setting time of cement and how is it measured?
Ans. INITIAL SETTING TIME
The time period elapsed between addition of water to the cement and moment when the needle
fails to pierce the test block by 5.0 ± 0.5 mm measured from the bottom of the mould, is the
initial setting time. The initial setting is time when chemical reaction between cement and water
starts (paste starts losing its plasticity) and it should be not less than 30 minutes without
additive.
FINAL SETTING TIME
The period elapsed between the time water is added to the cement and the time the needle
makes an impression on the surface of the test block, while the attachment fails to do so, is the
final setting time. Final setting is the time when the chemical reaction between cement and
water is finished (The time at which cement completely loses its plasticity and becomes hard is

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the final setting time of cement) and for Ordinary Portland Cement, The Final Setting Time is
600 min.
Q4. What Are The Different Type Of Slump Test Indications?

Ans. Slump tests are performed to empirically measure the work ability of fresh concrete. It is used to
measure the consistency of the concrete. In general there are three different types of slumps that occur
in slump tests. They are as follows:
A True Slump: This type of slump is characterized by the general drop of the concrete mass evenly
without visible signs of deterioration or disintegration.
B Shear Slump: It indicates that the concrete mix is deficient in cohesion. This type of slump leads
to segregation and bleeding. Henceforth in the long run effecting the durability of the concrete.
C Collapse Slump: This type of slump is indicates that the mix of concrete is simply too wet. The
mix is considered to be harsh and lean.
Q5. What are the different methods of measuring workability of concrete?

Ans. Following are the methods for measuring the workability of concrete:
1. Slump test
2. Compacting factor test
3. Vee-bee test
4. Flow table test
Slump Test Method

1. Fill the concrete into frustum of a steel cone in three layers compaction.
2. Hand Tap concrete in each layer
3. Lift cone up
Compacting factor test (to distinguish between low slump mixes)
1. Concrete is placed in an upper
2. Dropped into a lower hopper to bring it to a standard state and then allowed to fall into a
standard cylinder.
3. The cylinder and concrete weighed (partially compacted weight)

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4. The concrete is fully compacted, extra concrete added and then concrete and cylinder weighed
again (fully compacted weight)
Vee-bee Test
Vee-bee time is defined as the time taken to complete covering of the underside of the disc with
concrete container
1. A slump test is performed in a container
2. A clear Perspex disc, free to move vertically,
3. is lowered onto the concrete surface
4. Vibration at a standard rate is applied
Flow table test (to differentiate between high workability mixes)
1. A conical mould is used to produce a sample of concrete in the centre of a 700 mm square
board, hinged along one edge
2. The free edge of the board is lifted against the stop and dropped 15 times
3. Flow = final diameter of the concrete (mean of two measurements at right angles.
Q6. What is the standard and nominal size of Bricks in India?

Ans. In India, standard brick size is 190 mm x 90 mm x 90 mm as per the recommendation of BIS.
With mortar thickness, the dimension of the brick becomes 200 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm, which is
also known as the nominal size of the modular brick.
Q7. What are admixtures in Concrete? Describe five main Admixture types.
Ans. Chemical admixtures are the ingredients in concrete other than Portland cement, water, and
aggregates that are added to the mix immediately before or during mixing. Producers use admixtures
primarily to reduce the cost of concrete construction; to modify the properties of hardened concrete;
to ensure the quality of concrete during mixing, transporting, placing, and curing; and to overcome
certain emergencies during concrete operations.
TYPES: Air-entraining admixtures facilitate the development of a stable air-void system within
concrete that increases the durability of the concrete. These admixtures impart air entrainment that
results in: -Increased resistance to deterioration from cyclic freezing and thawing -Improved
workability and cohesiveness of concrete placement -Reduced segregation and bleeding Water-

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reducing admixtures usually reduce the required water content for a concrete mixture by about 5 to
10 percent. Consequently, concrete containing a water-reducing admixture needs less water to reach a
required slump than untreated concrete. These admixtures reduce water content by at least 8 percent
and tend to be more stable over a wider range of temperatures. Mid-range water reducers provide
more consistent setting times than standard water reducers. Retarding admixtures, which slow the
setting rate of concrete, are used to counteract the accelerating effect of hot weather on concrete
setting. High temperatures often cause an increased rate of hardening which makes placing and
finishing difficult. Retarders keep concrete workable during placement and delay the initial set of
concrete. Most retarders also function as water reducers and may entrain some air in concrete.
Accelerating admixtures increase the rate of early strength development, reduce the time required
for proper curing and protection, and speed up the start of finishing operations. Accelerating
admixtures are especially useful for modifying the properties of concrete in cold weather.
Superplasticizers, also known as plasticizers or high-range water reducers (HRWR), reduce water
content by 12 to 30 percent and can be added to concrete with a low-to-normal slump and water-
cement ratio to make high-slump flowing concrete. The effect of superplasticizers lasts only 30 to 60
minutes, depending on the brand and dosage rate, and is followed by a rapid loss in workability. As a
result of the slump loss, superplasticizers are usually added to concrete at the jobsite.
Corrosion-inhibiting admixtures fall into the specialty admixture category and are used to slow
corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete. Corrosion inhibitors can be used as a defensive strategy for
concrete structures, such as marine facilities, highway bridges, and parking garages, that will be
exposed to high concentrations of chloride. The shrinkage reducers are used to control drying
shrinkage and minimize cracking, while ASR inhibitors control durability problems associated with
alkali-silica reactivity.
Q8. What is the appropriate duration of curing for concrete? What are the various methods of
curing?
Ans. The Indian Standard IS 456 – 2000 recommends that curing duration of concrete must be at
least 7 days in case of ordinary Portland Cement, at least 10 days for concrete with mineral
admixtures or blended cements are used. It also recommends that the curing duration should not be
less than 10 days for concrete exposed to dry and hot weather conditions and 14 days for concrete
with mineral admixtures or blended cement in hot and dry weather.

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The methods that are involved in saving the shrinkage of the concrete includes:
-Spraying of water: on walls, and columns can be cured by sprinkling water. -Wet covering of
surface: can be cured by using the surface with wet gunny bags or straw -Ponding: the horizontal
surfaces including the slab and floors can be cured by stagnating the water. -Steam curing: of pre-
fabricated concrete units steam can be cured by passing it over the units that are under closed
chambers. It allows faster curing process and results in faster recovery. -Application of curing
compounds: compounds having calcium chloride can be applied on curing surface. This keeps the
surface wet for a very long time.
Q9. What is/are the standard IS Code(s) used for Concrete?

Ans. Indian Standard Codes (IS Codes) for Concrete
1. Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice IS 456 2000
2. Method of test for strength of concrete IS 516 1959
3. Methods of sampling and analysis of concrete IS 1199 1959
4. Method of measurement of building and Engineering works: Part 2 concrete works IS 1200 1974
(Part 2)
5. Code of Practice for Prestressed Concrete IS 1343 1980
6. Concrete mix proportioning - Guidelines IS 10262 2009
Q10. What is/are the standard IS Code(s) used for Concrete?

Ans. Indian Standard Codes (IS Codes) for Reinforcements
1. Reinforcement and reinforced concrete - Code of Practice IS 456 2000
2. Specification for mild steel and medium tensile steel bars and hard-drawn steel wire for concrete
reinforcement: IS 432 1982 Part 2
3. High strength deformed steel bars and wires for concrete reinforcement - Specification IS 1786
2008
4. Code of Practice for Bending and Fixing of Bars for Concrete Reinforcement IS 2502 1963
5. Recommendations for Detailing of Reinforcement in Reinforced Concrete Works IS 5525 1969
Q11. What are the different defects arising in plastering?

Ans. The following defects may arise in plaster work-

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1. Blistering : This is the formation to small patches of plaster swelling out beyond the plastered
surface, arising out of late slaking of lime particles in the plastic.
2. Cracking: cracking consists of cracks or fissures in the plaster work resulting from the
following reasons:
1. Imperfect preparation of background.
2. Structural defects in building
3. Discontinuity of surface.
4. Movements in the background due to its thermal expansion or rapid drying.
5. Movements in the plaster surface itself, either due to expansion (in case of gypsum plaster) or
shrinkage (in case of lime – sand plaster).
6. Excessive shrinkage due to application of thick coat.
7. Faulty workmanship.
3. Crazing: It consists of formation of a series of hairline cracks on plastered surface.
4. Efflorescence: It is the whitish crystalline substance which appears on the surface due to
presence of salts in plaster – making materials as well as building materials like bricks, sand,
cement etc. and even water. This gives a very bad appearance. It affects the adhesion of paint
with wall surface. Efflorescence can be removed to some extent by dry brushing and washing
the surface repeatedly.
5. Flaking: It is the formation of very loose mass of plastered surface, due to poor bond between
successive coats.
6. Peeling: It is the complete dislocation of some portion of plastered surface, resulting in the
formation of a patch. This also results from imperfect bond.
7. Popping: it is the formations of conical hole in the plastered surface due to presence of some
particles which expand on setting.
8. Rust stains: These are sometimes formed when plaster is applied on metal laths.
9. Uneven surface: This is obtained purely due to poor workmanship.
Q12. How Water – cement ratio is associated with strength of concrete?

Ans. The water-cement ratio is one of the most important aspect when it comes to maintaining the
strength of Concrete. The ratio depends on the grade of concrete and the structure size. We generally
prefer a W/C ratio of 0.4 to 0.6, but it can be decreased in case of high grade concrete, we reduce the

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amount of water and use plasticizers instead. W/C ratio affects the workability of concrete and thus
should be taken into careful consideration. Also, if the ratio exceeds the normal value, segregation of
concrete occurs and the coarse aggregate settles at the bottom, thus affecting the strength of concrete
greatly.
Q13. What are the methods of improving bearing capacity of Soil?

Ans. Some of the methods to improve bearing capacity of soils: -Increasing the depth of the footing is
the simplest method of improve the bearing capacity of soil, This method is restricted to sites where
the sub-soil water level is much below and deep excavations do not increase the cost of foundations
disproportionately. -Drainage is a well known method to improve the bearing capacity of certain
soils. Drains (with open joints) are laid in trenches just at the footing base. The sub-soil water thus
collected is drained out through a system of pipe drains provided outside the external walls of the
building. -By blending granular material, like sand, gravel or crushed stone into the natural soil by
ramming. The layer of soil thus formed is much stronger and is of improved bearing capacity. -By
confining the soil in an enclosed area with the help of sheet piles. This method is used with advantage
in shallow foundations in sandy soils. -By driving sand piles. This method is based on the principle of
reducing the void volume of the natural soil. Holes are made in the soft soil with the help of wooden
piles or other means and then sand is filled in the holes and rammed. These are called sand piles.
Bearing capacity of soft soil can be appreciably improved by driving sand piles at close spacing.
Q14. What are the different types of Foundations?

Ans: Broadly speaking, all foundations are divided into two categories: shallow foundations and
deep foundations. The words shallow and deep refer to the depth of soil in which the foundation is
made. Shallow foundations can be made in depths of as little as 3ft (1m), while deep foundations can
be made at depths of 60 - 200ft (20 - 65m). Shallow foundations are used for small, light buildings,
while deep ones are for large, heavy buildings.
Types of Shallow Foundations-
1. Pad foundations
2. Strip foundations
3. Raft foundations

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Types of Deep Foundations-

1. Piles
2. Piers
3. Caissons/ Wells
4. Compensated Foundations
Q15. What are 7th day and 28th day tests?

Ans. 7th and 28th days tests are usually carried out for cc cubes for analyzing if they get enough
strength as required characteristic compressive strength. (7 days- around 20 mpa…and 28 days-
around 32 mpa)
Q16. Define bleeding, segregation and honeycombing.

Ans. Bleeding – when cement and watar come on the top and aggregate is settle down is called
bleeding this is due to specific gravity of material and improper placing. Segregation – it means
separation of ingredients of concrete Honey combing – after removal of formwork from column beam
there is hole Is called honeycombing. It occurs due to improper compaction of concrete
Q17. What is Pre-stressed concrete and what are the various reinforcements used for it?
Ans. Pre-stressed concrete is a method for overcoming concrete’s natural weakness in tension. It can
be used to produce beams, floors or bridges with a longer span than is practical with ordinary
reinforced concrete. (i) Spalling reinforcement
Spalling stresses are established behind the loaded area of anchor blocks and this causes breaking
away of surface concrete. These stresses are induced by strain incompatibility with Poisson’s effects
or by the shape of stress trajectories. (ii) Equilibrium reinforcement
Equilibrium reinforcement is required where there are several anchorages in which prestressing loads
are applied sequentially. (iii) Bursting Reinforcement
Tensile stresses are induced during prestressing operation and the maximum bursting stress occurs
where the stress trajectories are concave towards the line of action of the load. Reinforcement is
needed to resist these lateral tensile forces

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Q18. What is pre-tensioning of concrete?

Ans. Pre-tensioning is tensioning pre-stressed cable before pouring concrete while Post-tensioning is
tensioning pre-stressed cable after pouring concrete. The losses in pre-tension is less than losses in
post-tension (there is no friction losses as well as there is no anchorage slip losses.
Q19. What are the minimum propping period of beams and slabs of various spans?
Ans. In the normal condition, formwork shall be removed
1) For slab props left under 3 days, it is usually removed after 12 to 24 hours.
2) For sides of beam formwork shall be removed after 24 hours.
3) For verticak member, it shall be removed 24 to 48 hours as may be decided by the Engineer in
charge.
4)Bam soffits (props left under)7 days
5)Removal of props to slabs (Spanning upto 4.5 m)-7 days
6)Removal of props to slabs (Spanning over 4.5 m)-14 days
7)Removal of props to beams and arches (Spanning upto 6 m)-14 days
8)Removal of props to beams and arches (Spanning over 6 m)21 days
Q20. What is plinth level and sill level?

Ans. Plinth Level:- In architecture, a plinth is the base or platform upon which a column or structure
rests. It is normally the finished floor level of the ground floor and is usually kept at 450 mm from
existing ground level unless some other factor compels it to be altered.
Sill Level:- The lower part or the base of the window is called sill level.
Q21. What is crushing/compressive strength of bricks?

Ans. Compressive /Crushing strength of bricks (Indian Made) are very variable, and may vary from
30 kg/sq. cm to 150 kg/sq. cm for hand-made burnt bricks, while Crushing strength of heavy duty
bricks machine pressed (also called Engineering bricks) may have compressive strength as high as
450 kg/sq. cm, and even 500 kg/sq. cm. The minimum crushing / compressive strengths of burnt
bricks tested flat-wise prescribed are: (i) Common building bricks—35 kg/sq. cm,
(ii) Second class bricks—70 kg/sq. cm, (iii) First class bricks— 105 kg/sq. cm. (iv) Crushing strength
of bricks not less than 140 kg/sq. cm are graded as AA class. The strength of bricks decreases by

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about 25 per cent when soaked in water. Strength of sun-dried (unburnt) bricks is from 15 to 25
kg/sq. cm. Water absorption of bricks after 24 hours immersion, First class bricks—20%, Second
class bricks—22 %, Third class bricks—25%. Heavy duty machine made bricks should not absorb
more than 5% of their weight
Q22. What are different types of construction joints in Concrete structures?

Ans. Construction Joints in Concrete: Construction joints are placed in a concrete slab to define the
extent of the individual placements, generally in conformity with a predetermined joint layout.
Construction joints must be designed in order to allow displacements between both sides of the slab
but, at the same time, they have to transfer flexural stresses produced in the slab by external loads.
Construction joints must allow horizontal displacement right-angled to the joint surface that is
normally caused by thermal and shrinkage movement. At the same time they must not allow vertical
or rotational displacements. Types of joints in concrete constructions are: -Contraction Joints -
Isolation Joints -Expansion Joints A contraction joint is formed, sawed, or tooled groove in a concrete
structure to create a weakened plane to regulate the location of cracking resulting from the
dimensional change of different parts of the structure.
An isolation joint is a separation between adjacent sections of a concrete structure to allow relative
movement in three directions and through which all of the bonded reinforcement is interrupted.
An expansion joint in a concrete structure is a separation provided between adjacent sections to allow
movement due to dimensional Increases and reductions of the adjacent sections and through which
some or all of the bonded reinforcement is interrupted. In pavements slabs on ground it is a separation
between slabs filled with a compressible filler material.
Q23. What is fineness Modulus for aggregates?

Ans. The Fineness modulus (FM) is an empirical figure obtained by adding the total percentage of the
sample of an aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves, and dividing the sum by 100.
Q24. What is the difference between QA and QC?

Ans. The difference is that QA is process oriented and QC is product oriented. Testing, therefore is
product oriented and thus is in the QC domain. Testing for quality isn’t assuring quality, it’s
controlling it. Quality Assurance makes sure you are doing the right things, the right way.

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Q25. What is the meaning of Fe415?

Ans. It is a HYSD(high yield strength deformed) bar and its characteristic strength is 415N/mm2.
Q26. What is bulk density and what does it depend on?

Ans. Bulk density is the weight of soil in a given volume. Soils with a bulk density higher than 1.6
g/cm3 tend to restrict root growth. Bulk density increases with compaction and tends to increase with
depth. Bulk density is dependent on soil organic matter, soil texture, the density of soil mineral (sand,
silt, and clay) and their packing arrangement. As a rule of thumb, most rocks have a density of 2.65
g/cm3 so ideally, a silt loam soil has 50% pore space and a bulk density of 1.33 g/cm3.
Q27. What are the ratios of Cement Sand and Aggregate for different concrete mixes?
Ans. Ratios of Cement Sand and Aggregate for different concrete mixes are
1. M-5- 1:5:10
2. M-7.5 -1:4:8
3. M-10 – 1:3:6
4. M-15 – 1:2:4
5. M-20 – 1:1.5:3
6. M-25 -1:1:2
7. M-30 – M-40 – Design Mix followed
Q28. What do you understand by soil reinforcements? Give examples.

Ans. Soil reinforcement is the act of improving soil strength to enable it support or carry more load.
Two common examples are: a) Mixing a soil amendment such as lime into weak clayey soil and re-
compacting to improve soil-bearing capacity (often done under the road base in highway
construction). b) Installing plastic or composite webbing layers (called geo-grid material) alternating
with compacted soil to produce a stronger sloped soil structure (often done on steep roadway
embankments to improve strength and stability).

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Q29. Define buckling of a structural element.

Ans. Buckling is characterized by a sudden sideways failure of a structural member subjected to high
compressive stress, where the compressive stress at the point of failure is less than the ultimate
compressive stress that the material is capable of withstanding.
Q30. Define slenderness ratio. What is its effect on the design of compression member?
Ans. Slenderness ratio is the ratio of the effective length of a column (Le) and the least radius of
gyration (r) about the axis under consideration. It is given by the symbol “λ” (lambda).
-Effective slenderness ratio of the section about the minor axis of cross-section = Le/ry. -Effective
slenderness ratio of the section about the major axis of cross section = Le/rx.
Significance: As slenderness ratio increases, permissible stress or critical stress reduces.
Consequently, load carrying capacity also reduces.
Q31. Difference between mild steel and HYSD bars?

Ans. Mild Steel is cheap and easy to form, basically used for re-melting, alloying and manufacturing
of fabrication of steel structures. Mild steel is often used when large quantities of steel are needed.
The Steel is generally made of low Carbon and Silicon. Mild steel has a relatively low tensile
strength. Therefore it is not used for special purposes such as reinforcement and heavy structure
manufacturing.
Whereas, HYSD is High Yield Strength Deformed Bars have ribs on the surface and this increases
the bond strength at least by 40%. As HYSD steel is stronger, it saves cost. These bars are used as
reinforcement steel for construction purposes. They are graded as Fe415, Fe500 i.e. fy of 415 and 500
N/mm2 respectively.
Q32. What do you understand by 80/100 bitumen?

Ans. Bitumen Penetration Grade 80/100 is a standard penetration grade Bitumen usually used as a
Paving Grade Bitumen suitable for road construction and for the production of asphalt pavements
with superior properties. This grade of Bitumen is mainly used in the manufacture of hot mix asphalt
for bases and wearing courses. The Bitumen mode is dependent on temperature. The temperature-vs-
stiffness relationship of bitumen is dependent on the type of crude oil and its refining method.
Bitumen penetration grade 80/100 is semi-hard penetration grade bitumen used as paving grade

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bitumen which is suitable for road construction and repair. It is also used for the production of asphalt
pavements with the below technical specification. This grade of bitumen is mainly used in the
manufacturing of hot mix asphalt for bases and wearing courses. Bitumen penetration grade 80/100 is
one of the most used bitumen grades and it’s a basic material for all other bituminous products.
Q33. What is differential settlement?

Ans. Differential settlement is the term used in structural Engineering for a condition in which a
building's support foundation settles in an uneven fashion, often leading to structural damage. All
buildings settle somewhat in the years following construction, and this natural phenomenon generally
causes no problems if the settling is uniform across the building's foundation or all of its pier
supports. But when one section of the foundation settles at a faster rate than the others, it can lead to
major structural damage to the building itself. Differential settlement is not usually a sign of
carpentry construction flaws, although some people view it that way. Instead, the phenomenon results
when the soil beneath the structure expands, contracts, or shifts in an uneven fashion, causing the
foundation to settle at an uneven rate. Thus, the villain is not the carpentry construction practice, but
rather the prior evaluation and preparation of the building site itself and the construction of the
foundation.
Q34. What do 53 stands for in 53-grade cement?

Ans. The 53 in 53 Grade cement corresponds to the standard compressive strength attained within 28
days. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is generally graded according to their strength. The grade
indicates the compression strength (N/mm2) of a concrete that will attain after 28 days of setting. 53
Grade Cement means - compression strength of the cement concrete after 28 days of setting, it gives
a strength of 53 mpa(or 53 N/mm2)
Q35. What are the different loads on a structure?

Ans. The different types of loads coming on the foundation of a structure are described below.
1. Dead Loads:
Dead loads consist of self-weight of the structure (weight of walls, floors, roofs etc). It also consists
of the weight of the foundation, footings and all other permanent loads acting on the structure. These

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can be computed by finding the weights of cubical contents of the different materials used for
constructing the structure.
2. Live Loads:
Live loads consist of moving or variable loads like people, furniture, temporary stores etc. It is also
called super-imposed load.
3. Wind Loads:
The Wind acts horizontally on the surfaces of the walls, roofs and inclined roof of the structure. That
means it exerts uniform pressure on the structural components on which it acts and tends to disturb
the stability of the structure.
4. Snow Loads:
The amount of snow load depends on various factors such as shape and size of roof structure,
roofing materials, location of the structure, insulation of the structure, duration, and frequency of
snow.
5. Seismic Load: These loads are internal forces which act on the structure due to earthquake
developed ground movements.
Q36. What is camber?

Ans. Camber or cant is the cross slope provided to raise middle of the road surface in the transverse
direction to drain off rain water from road surface. The objectives of providing camber are:
1. Surface protection especially for gravel and bituminous roads
2. Sub-grade protection by proper drainage
3. Quick drying of pavement which in turn increases safety
Too steep slope is undesirable for it will erode the surface. Camber is measured in 1 in n or n% (Eg. 1
in 50 or 2%) and the value depends on the type of pavement surface
Q37. What is batching?

Ans. In general batching is the process of measuring and combining the ingredients of concrete
(cement, water, sand, aggregates) as per the mix design. The last part is important, if you are an
Engineer then you will have to do a concrete mix design to know the quantity required for each
element of concrete. So, basically, we will say “for C-30 concrete member we need 50kg of cement
per meter cube of the member or 20kg of aggregate per meter cube, etc this is the mix design.

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Q38. What is the difference between volume and weight batching?

Ans. Volume Batching: In this method cement, sand and concrete are batched by volume. A gauge
box is made with wooden plates, its volume being equal to that of one bag of cement. One bag of
cement has volume of 35 litres. The required amount of sand and coarse aggregate is added by
measuring on to the gauge box. The quantity of water required for making concrete is found after
deciding water cement ratio. For example, if water cement ratio is 0.5, for one bag of cement (50 kg),
water required is 0.5 × 50 = 25 kg, which is equal to 25 litres. Suitable measure is used to select
required quantity of water. Volume batching is not ideal method of batching. Wet sand has higher
volume for the same weight of dry sand. It is called bulking of sand. Hence it upsets the calculated
volume required.Weigh batching: It is the correct and preferred method of measuring concrete
ingredients which leads to more uniform proportioning. Weigh batching system facilitates simplicity,
flexibility and accuracy. Different types of weigh batchers available in the market and it depends
upon the type of job.
01. Manual weigh batching: In manual batching weighing of all concrete ingredients is done
manually. This system may be used for small jobs.
02. Semi-automatic weigh batching: In this system the aggregate bin gates are opened by manually
operated switches and gates are closed automatically when the material has been delivered.
03. Fully automatic weigh batching: These systems have automatic microprocessor controlled
batching arrangements. Not only the aggregates are batched in correct proportion but also their
moisture content is automatically determined and necessary corrective action taken so that mix has
desired consistency.
Weigh batching has a great advantage as it gives good quality of concrete and providing more
accurate and consistent mixture.
Q39. What is a benchmark? Name the different types.

Ans. The term benchmark, or bench mark, originates from the chiselled horizontal marks that
surveyors made in stone structures, into which an angle-iron could be placed to form a "bench" for a
levelling rod, thus ensuring that a levelling rod could be accurately repositioned in the same place in
the future. These marks were usually indicated with a chiselled arrow below the horizontal line.
The term is generally applied to any item used to mark a point as an elevation reference. Frequently,
bronze or aluminium disks are set in stone or concrete, or on rods driven deeply into the earth to

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provide a stable elevation point. If an elevation is marked on a map, but there is no physical mark on
the ground, it is a spot height.
The height of a benchmark is calculated relative to the heights of nearby benchmarks in a network
extending from a fundamental benchmark. A fundamental benchmark is a point with a precisely
known relationship to the vertical datum of the area, typically mean sea level. The position and height
of each benchmark is shown on large-scale maps.
There are different types of bench marks are available in the surveying as follows:
1. Great Trigonometrical Survey benchmarks
2. Permanent benchmarks
3. Temporary benchmarks
4. Arbitrary benchmarks
Q40. What is reduced level?

Ans. Reduced level is the vertical difference between the level point and datum line or the mean sea
level.
Q41. What is levelling and what are the instruments used to perform levelling?
Ans. Levels are the different instruments used for levelling in surveying. There are various types of
levels such as dumpy level, Y level, Cushing’s level, tilting level, Cooke’s reversible level and
automatic level instruments for levelling in surveying. The process of measuring vertical distances in
surveying is called levelling.
Q42. What is least count?

Ans. Least count is the smallest measurement that can be taken by a measuring instrument. The least
count is related to the precision of an instrument; an instrument that can measure smaller changes in a
value relative to another instrument, has a smaller "least count" value and so is more precise. Any
measurement made by the instrument can be considered repeatable to no less than the resolution of
the least count. The least count of an instrument is inversely proportional to the precision of the
instrument.

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Q43. What is the least count of dumpy level?

Ans. Dumpy level does not have a least count of its own but is associated with the least count of the
levelling staff. Least count of levelling staff is 5mm.
Q44. What are the functions of a column in a building?

Ans. A column or pillar in architecture and structural Engineering is a structural element that
transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below.
In other words, a column is a compression member. The term column applies especially to is large
round support (the shaft of the column) with a capital and a base or pedestal[1] which is made of
stone, or appearing to be so. A small wooden or metal support is typically called a post, and supports
with a rectangular or other non-round section are usually called piers. For the purpose of wind or
earthquake Engineering, columns may be designed to resist lateral forces. Other compression
members are often termed "columns" because of the similar stress conditions. Columns are frequently
used to support beams or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest. In architecture,
"column" refers to such a structural element that also has certain proportional and decorative features.
A column might also be a decorative element not needed for structural purposes; many columns are
"engaged", that is to say form part of a wall.
Q45. Difference between one way slab & two way slab?
Ans. One way slab is supported on two opposite side only thus structural action is only at one
direction. Total load is carried in the direction perpendicular to the supporting beam. If a slab is
supported on all the four sides but the ratio of longer span (l) to shorten span (b) is greater than 2,
then the slab will be considered as one way slab. Due to the huge difference in lengths, load is not
transferred to the shorter beams. Main reinforcement is provided in only one direction for one way
slabs.
Two way slabs are the slabs that are supported on four sides and the ratio of longer span (l) to
shorter span (b) is less than 2. In two way slabs, load will be carried in both the directions. So, main
reinforcement is provided in both directions for two way slabs.
Q46. What is the maximum % of Steel in columns and beams?
Ans. In beams, slabs maximum percentage steel is 4% of gross area. In columns, maximum
percentage of steel is 6%( without lapping) and 4%( with lapping).In doubly reinforced beams it is
4% for both the steel in tension and compression side and a total of 8% gross area.

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Q47. What is concrete cover or cover to reinforcement?

Ans. Concrete cover, in reinforced concrete, is the least distance between the surface of embedded
reinforcement and the outer surface of the concrete. The concrete cover depth can be measured with a
cover meter.
Q48. What is clear cover, nominal cover and effective cover?

Ans. Clear cover: This is the distance from the face of the member to the outermost face of the
reinforcement including shear or torsion Stirrups or links.
Nominal cover: This is the same thing as clear cover albeit with a different name. This term is used
by the code. It is the distance measured from the face of the member to the outermost face of the
reinforcement including Stirrups or links. It is the dimension shown in drawings and detailing.
Effective cover: This is the distance measured from the face of the member to the center of area of the
main reinforcement, that is tension or compression reinforcement. This is the dimension usually used
for design calculations.
Q49. What is the minimum clear cover provided in various structural elements?
Ans. CLEAR COVER TO MAIN REINFORCEMENT:
 FOOTINGS : 75 mm
 RAFT FOUNDATION.TOP : 50 mm
 RAFT FOUNDATION.BOTTOM/SIDES : 75 mm
 STRAP BEAM : 50 mm
 GRADE SLAB : 20 mm
 COLUMN : 40 mm
 SHEAR WALL : 25 mm
 BEAMS : 25 mm
 SLABS : 15 mm
Q50. What is the bending moment (BM) & Shear force (SF)?
Ans. Bending moment at a section is defined as the algebraic sum of the moments about the section
of all the forces (including the reaction) acting on the beam, either to the left or to the right of the

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section. Shear force at a section in a beam is defined as the algebraic sum of all the forces including
the reactions acting normal to the axis of the beam either to the left or to the right of the section.
Q51. Explain moment of inertia and its importance.

Ans. The moment of inertia (I) is the capacity of a cross-section to resist bending. It is always
considered with respect to a reference axis and how that cross-sectional area is distributed about the
reference axis, usually a centroidal axis. Also known as the second moment of the area, the moment
of inertia is expressed mathematically as where A is the area of the plane of the object and y is the
distance between the centroid of the object and the x-axis. Engineers use the moment of inertia to
determine the state of stress in a section, calculate the resistance to buckling, and determine the
amount of deflection in a beam.
Q52. What are the major problems in using pumping for concreting works?
Ans. In pumping operation, the force exerted by pumps must overcome the friction between concrete
and the pumping pipes, the weight of concrete and the pressure head when placing concrete above the
pumps. In fact, as only water is pumpable, it is the water in the concrete that transfers the pressure.
The main problems associated with pumping are the effect of segregation and bleeding. To rectify
these adverse effects, the proportion of cement is increased to enhance the cohesion in order to reduce
segregation and bleeding. On the other hand, a proper selection of aggregate grading helps to improve
the pumpability of concrete
.
Q53. Why is sulphate-resisting cement not used in marine concrete?
Ans. The main components of Portland cement are tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium
aluminate and tetracalcium aluminoferrite. In sulphate-resisting cement, it contains a low amount of
tricalcium aluminate in order to avoid sulphate attack. Otherwise, tricalcium aluminate would react
with sulphates to form calcium sulphoaluminate and gypsum that cause expansion and crack the
concrete structure. However, for marine concrete sulphate-resisting cement should not be used
because tricalcium aluminate has high affinity for chloride ions. This is based on the possible reaction
of chloride ions and tricalcium aluminate to form calcium chloroaluminate hydrate and the reduction
of which may increase the rate of chloride attack to the concrete marine structure and result in faster
corrosion of steel reinforcement in marine structures.

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Q54. What is the importance of air void content in bituminous pavements?

Ans. The air void content of bituminous materials is an important control parameter for the quality of
bitumen being laid and compacted. If the air void content is too high, it allows for intrusion of air and
water. Moreover, it also increases the rate of hardening of binders which produce premature
embrittlement of pavements. In addition, too high a void content will also lead to differential
compaction subject to traffic loads and result in formation of ruts and grooves along the wheel track.
However, a minimum amount of air void should be maintained to avoid instability during compaction
process and to provide space for bitumen flow in long-term consolidation under traffic loads.
Q55. What is the function of a separation membrane between concrete pavement slab and sub-
base?
Ans. The separation membrane between concrete pavement slab and sub-base has the following
functions: (i) It aids in reducing the frictional forces between concrete slab and sub-base and helps to
movement of concrete slab with respect to sub-base owing to changes in temperature and moisture.
(ii) It prevents the loss of cement and water in immature concrete which significantly affects the
strength and durability of hardened concrete. (iii)It avoids the mixing up of sub-base materials and
freshly placed concrete. Polythene sheeting, which is a waterproof material, is commonly used as
separation membrane.
Q56. What is the function of drilling fluid in rotary drilling in site investigation?
Ans. Drilling fluid in rotary serves two main purposes: (i) Facilitate the rotation of drilling tube
during rotary drilling; (ii) Act as a cooling agent to cool down heat generated during drilling
operation. Traditionally, water is normally employed as drilling fluid. However, it suffers from the
following drawbacks: (i) It affects the stability of nearby ground with the introduction of water into
the borehole (borehole for soil; drillhole for rock); (ii) It affects the quality of sample by changing the
water content of soil samples collected from the borehole/drillhole. Substitutes are available in
market to replace water as drilling fluid (e.g. white foam)
Q57. What are the advantages of using top-down approach in basement construction?
Ans. The advantages of top-down approach are listed below: (i) The structures above ground can be
carried out simultaneously with the structures below ground. This greatly reduces the time for

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construction. (ii) By using this approach, settlement can be reduced. (iii) Since the permanent
columns and slabs can be utilized to support loadings during construction, it saves the cost of
formwork.
Q58. What are the methods to tackle negative skin friction?

Ans. (i) Use slender pile sections (e.g. H-pile or precast pile) because smaller pile area when subject
to the same working load would produce higher deformation, thus increasing the relative downward
movement of piles. (ii) In a certain region of H-piles for ground water table fluctuation, painting is
applied on the surface of H-piles because the rise and fall of water table contribute to the corrosion of
H-piles. On the other hand, to reduce the effect of additional loads brought about by negative skin
friction, bitumen is applied on the pile surface corresponding to the region of soils that has negative
skin friction. However, bitumen should not be applied to the whole section of H-piles because it
would be unable to derive the designed frictional reaction from soils. (iii) Design the piles as end-
bearing so that they can take up more load.
Q59. What is the difference between working stress approach and limit state approach?
Ans. For working stress approach, service loads are used in the whole design and the strength of
material is not utilized in the full extent. In this method of design, stresses acting on structural
members are calculated based on elastic method and they are designed not to exceed certain
allowable values. In fact, the whole structure during the lifespan may only experience loading stresses
far below the ultimate state and that is the reason why this method is called working stress approach.
Under such scenario, the most economical design can hardly be obtained by using working stress
approach which is now commonly used in the design of temporary works. For limit state approach,
for each material and load, a partial safety factor is assigned individually depending on the material
properties and load properties. Therefore, each element of load and material properties is accurately
assessed resulting in a more refined and accurate analysis of the structure. In this connection, the
material strength can be utilized to its maximum value during its lifespan and loads can be assessed
with reasonable probability of occurrence. Limit state approach is commonly used for the majority of
reinforced concrete design because it ensures the utilization of material strength with the lowest
construction cost input.

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Q60. What are the functions of different components of paint?

Ans. For normal paint application, there are mainly three main components of paint, namely primer,
undercoat and finishing coat. Primer: This is the first layer of a typical painting system and it is used
to inhabit corrosion and provide a good bond for subsequent coats. Undercoat: This component acts
as a barrier to corrosion agents and even out irregularities of bonding surface. It also serves to hide
the underlying background and prevent the details and colour of the area of application to affect the
designed colour and finishing details of paint. Finishing coat: This is the final layer of a typical
painting system and it protects the underlying layers from the effect of adverse weather conditions
(e.g. sunlight) and to provide the designed properties of paint like colour, impermeability, wearing
resistance, etc.
Q61. What is the difference between fasteners, bolts and screws?

Ans. Fastener is a general term to describe something which is used as a restraint for holding things
together or attaching to other things. The main physical distinction between screws and bolts is that
screws are entirely full of threads while bolts contain shanks without threads. However, a better
interpretation of the differences between the two is that bolts are always fitted with nuts. On the
contrary, screws are normally used with tapped holes.
Q62. What does slaking of lime refer to?

Ans. The addition of limited quantity of water breaks the lumps of lime. This process is called
slaking of lime.
CaO + H₂O ——>Ca(OH)₂
This reaction is exothermic and produces hissing sound .It’s suspension in water is called as milk of
lime. Quick lime slaked with soda gives soda lime. When dry slaked lime is subjected to the action of
chlorine, bleaching powder is formed.
Q63. Does the compressive strength of OPC increases with time?

Ans. Strength of 43 grade OPC at the end of 3 days is 23, 7 days is 33 and 28 days is 43. So, it
increases with time.

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Q64. What are the steps involved in the concreting process, explain?
Ans. The major steps involved in the process of concreting are as follows: 1. Batching 2. Mixing 3.
Transporting and placing of concrete 4. Compacting. 1. Batching: The process of measurement of the
different materials for the making of concrete is known as batching. Batching is usually done in two
ways: volume batching and weight batching. In case of volume batching the measurement is done in
the form of volume whereas in the case of weight batching it is done by the weight. 2. Mixing: In
order to create good concrete the mixing of the materials should be first done in dry condition and
after it wet condition. The two general methods of mixing are: hand mixing and machine mixing. 3.
Transportation and placing of concrete: Once the concrete mixture is created it must be transported to
its final location. The concrete is placed on form works and should always be dropped on its final
location as closely as possible. 4. Compaction of concrete: When concrete is placed it can have air
bubbles entrapped in it which can lead to the reduction of the strength by 30%. In order to reduce the
air bubbles the process of compaction is performed. Compaction is generally performed in two ways:
by hand or by the use of vibrators.
Q65. What are the specifications for tamping rod used in impact test for aggregates?
Ans. According to the IS code 2386, a 16 mm steel rod with rounded edge is used for tamping the
sample filled inside the cylinder in three layers, 25 times each.
Q66. How much binding wire is required for one ton reinforcement? Ans. Binding wire required
to tie 1 Ton of 28 mm or 32 mm bars will be close to 7 kg. More the diameter of the bar, lesser is the
requirement of binding wire. You can procure binding wire depending on the requirement.
Approximately it is taken as 9 to 13 kg of binding wire per ton.
Q67. What is Lean Concrete?

Ans. Lean concrete is a mix where the amount of cement is lower than the amount of liquid present in
the strata. This makes it ideal as a base layer where other kinds of concrete are placed on top. It is
good for providing a flat bottom in uneven or dirt terrain(M10).

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Q68. What is transverse and longitudinal cracking? How does it happen?

Ans. Transverse cracks are cracks that are perpendicular to roadway alignment. Longitudinal
cracking is parallel to the alignment. The rule is that concrete will crack. This is generally due to
temperature changes with shrinkage during curing which causes tension in the concrete. Concrete will
expand and contract with temperature changes. If there is no room for the concrete to expand or
contract, the concrete will crack.
Q69. Why a structure is said to be indeterminate?

Ans. Any structure should be stable, and does not move undesirably under applied loads. It should
maintain its position under applied loads. Indeterminate structures are series of connected elements
used in building members like beam, truss, and frames and will consist of additional elements not
required for keeping the structure stable. Example of indeterminate structures is continuous beam,
fixed beam, propped cantilever beams, etc. The main factor that contributes to making a structure
indeterminate is support conditions (being fixed at ends, and continuous joints at member ends). A
fixed end will have three unknowns, and hinged end will have two unknowns) Indeterminacy can be
classified into static indeterminacy and kinematic indeterminacy.
Q70. What is AASHTO Soil Classification?

Ans. The classification system based on the study conducted by the association of state highways and
transportation gives guide lines for soil and aggregate classification. This is to find the ideal subgrade
mixture in the highway construction. AASHTO classifies soils into seven groups, A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4,
A-5, A-6 and A-7, which is based on their relative quality suited for the subbase, embankment
material and subgrade etc. This system was developed by Terzaghi in the year of 1929. It requires
three major systems as below. 1. Mechanical analysis. 2. Liquid limit. 3. Plasticity index.
Q71. What are Atterbergs Limits?

Ans. Atterberg is an agriculturalist who proposed a concept of dividing entire cohesive range of soil
into five stages of soil wetness. It is defined as the basic measure of critical water content levels for a
fine grained soil. Soil consistency levels are classified according to Atterberg limits. It is the limit for
water content and it is used to define soil behavior. These limits corresponds to soil moisture content
and expressed in terms of consistency ranging from harsh to viscous flows. Depending upon soil

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water content, it appears in four states as follows, 1) Soil, 2) Semi-solid, 3) Plastic and 4) Liquid.
Significance of Atterberg limits: It represents low level of moisture content changes from crumbling
to plastic consistency. Varying the Atterberg limits provide significant improvements to the cohesive
strength. It is used to collect general information about soil and its strength, compressibility and their
permeability properties. It is used to obtain empirical correlations for Engineering properties.
Atterberg limits are used for doing soil classification, comparison and identification of soil.
Q72. What is consolidation?

Ans. It is the process by which the volume of soil is decreased by removal of water from the pores of
the soil mass. The consolidation of soil has three stages like initial consolidation, primary
consolidation and secondary consolidation. The initial consolidation is mostly caused by preloading
of soil. Primary consolidation is caused due to the transfer of excess hydrostatic stress into inter-
granular stress by the removal of water in the pores. Secondary consolidation will take place after
thorough dissipation of hydrostatic stresses. In this consolidation, the distortion of the soil happens
due to the soil fabric readjustment.
Q73. Define creep in concrete.

Ans. Creep is the tendency of the material to move or undergo deformation permanently due to the
application of the long - term stress. When the concrete is subjected to loading, the structure
undergoes elastic or inelastic deformations. The elastic deformation of concrete occurs due to the
external loads. The inelastic deformation shows, when the concrete experiences the sustained long-
term load. This inelastic deformation is known as creep. Creep is severe in the structure when the
concrete is exposed to heat for long periods and increases as they are near to their melting point. It
does not occur suddenly due to the application of stress. The long-term stress or pressure acting on
the concrete can make or change their shape. Therefore, they are called as time-dependent
deformation. Creep does not cause the concrete to sudden break or fail on the deformation. Creep is
considered when the concrete structures are designed initially.
Q74. What is CPM- Critical Path Method?

Ans. It is a step−by−step project management method to categorize activities on critical path. It is an
approach to project scheduling which splits the project into many work tasks, displays them in a flow

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chart, and then computes the time for project depends on calculated durations for every task. Only
one critical path is available in several projects, few projects may have more than one critical path
based on flow logic applied in the project. It is longest path of network diagram and activities in this
path have an effect on project deadline.
Q75. State and Explain Darcy’s Law?

Ans. This is defined as basic law which governs the fluid flow through porous media. This law is
only valid for slow laminar flow attributes of ground water movement through most earth materials.
Laminar flow is also represented as smooth flow where flow lines although not necessarily parallel,
stay distinctive, and stick to normal overall flow vector direction. This law is described as flow rate
per unit time has direct proportionality with hydraulic flow gradient which is laminar through
saturated mass of soil. Darcy's law apparatus Formula: It is states that linear relationship amid
velocity of flow and hydraulic gradient for any particular soil under steady condition of laminar flow.
This law is explained by using following equation. • Here, q is flow rate, A is total cross sectional
area of soil mass, i is hydraulic gradient , k is Darcy's Permeability coefficient of, and v is velocity of
flow.
Q76. What is development Length?

Ans. Development length is the minimum length of a steel rod that is inserted inside the concrete
column, to ensure the sufficient adhesion force between the concrete and steel. This will also ensure
that the steel rod does not pull out of the concrete column. If the bending force exceeds the maximum
permissible limit, then the restraining force between the beam and the concrete column will not be
sufficient to hold the beams at its position. The beam will come out of the concrete column, if the
development length is not provided at the time of construction. The development length is needed to
provide support to the beam, to reduce the chances of beam coming out of the concrete column.
Hence, it acts as a supporting member for the reinforced beam in the concrete column.
Q77. Name and define some Engineering properties of soil.

Ans. Some of the common Engineering properties in soil are as follows. 1) Cohesion: Cohesion is the
property of soil in which the soil grains exhibit a strong the attraction forcesin between them. This
kind of soil is called cohesive soil. Examples of cohesive soil are silty clay, sandy clay, clay silt etc.

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Granular soil has little clay or no clay content in it. Such granular soils have poor cohesive property.
2) Angle of internal friction: It is the measurement made for the ability of soil to resist the shear
stress. It actually measures the angle between resultant force and normal force due to failure that
happened due to the shear stress. 3) Capillarity: Capillarity is a process in which the water either rises
or falls in the tube due to the attraction force between molecules of water and between the molecule
of water and tube. In the saturated condition, the water from the water table moves upwards through
the pores in the soil particles through capillary action. This capillary rise will be minimum in case of
coarser soil with large pores. 4) Permeability: Permeability is one of the important properties of soil
where the water moves through the voids, which leads to the seepage and loss of water. During the
pond construction, the soil with less permeability should be used, which will ensure minimum loss of
water
.
Q78.What do you understand by Factor Of Safety?
Ans. The factor of safety is calculated by dividing the value of ultimate strength by the working
strength of the structure. The factor of safety is important to be considered for ensuring the safety of
structures. The factor can be used to infer the magnitude of extra load that a structure can withstand
without any failure. The value of factor of safety should not be less than 1. If the value of factor of
safety is assumed too high, then the design becomes uneconomical. It is not suitable for the actual
practice. Hence, the factor of safety should be in the range to make the structure economical and
practical. The high factor of safety should not be taken into account during the design of the
lightweight structure. Factors affecting the value are as follows, 1) type of material used in the
construction, 2) type of the component, 3) type of load which acts on the structure and 4) behaviour
of material.
Q79. What is a Friction Pile?

Ans. In the pile foundation, the load on the structure is transferred across the full height through the
frictional force developed by the surrounding soil. The pile using this load transfer mechanism is
known as friction pile. It is otherwise called as cohesion pile. It is one type of pile foundation. If there
is no strong soil present at the considerable depth below the ground level in the site, the bearing pile
becomes very long and uneconomical. For this condition, the friction pile is employed. The length of
the friction pile is dependent upon the shear strength of the soil present in the site, applied load and

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size of the pile. The load carrying capacity of the pile is improved by increasing the pile diameter,
depth of the pile, and making surface of the pile rough. The material used for piles are timber,
concrete, steel and composite. The pile foundation is installed by three methods such as driven piles,
cast-in-situ piles and driven and cast-in-situ pile.
Q80. Explain Gravity walls and consideration for design?

Ans. Gravity walls are simple retaining wall that relies solely upon the own weight to reach stability.
They are of huge size and made of plain concrete. These walls are flexible and do not need the rigid
footing below them. In the history, gravity walls were made up of huge mass of stone or concrete.
The structure will be constructed and designed for the purpose of resisting the horizontal soil
pressure. The ground elevation changes will surpass angle of repose of soil. The soil wedge will be
supported by the retaining wall. Here, wedge of the soil will lengthen beyond the failure plane. The
soil type will decide the weakest plane of failure. The vital consideration that needs to be counted for
the proper design and the installation of gravity walls is used to identify the tendency of retained
materials to move along the gravity towards downstream. This is to be restricted. It leads to lateral
soil pressure creation behind the wall. The pressure will depend on the cohesive strength and internal
friction angle of the retained material. The magnitude and direction of movement of retained structure
is also varying.
Q81. Define passive pressure.

Ans. When the displacement of the retaining wall is towards the backfill due to any natural reason,
the pressure that is built up on the retaining wall due to displacement is defined as the passive
pressure of the earth. Due to the Passive pressure, the pressure of the earth soil increases and due to
the increased earth pressure, the retaining soil gets compressed, which results in the development of
the shearing strength along the plane of the failure wedge in the direction of the retaining wall.
Q82. What is permeability of soil?

Ans. It is defined as the soil property which permits the water to flow through its pores space present
in the soil. Factors Affecting the Permeability: • Grain size • Void ratio. • Adsorbed water • Degree of
Saturation • Entrapped air and Organic matter. • Impurities in present in water.

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Q83. What do you understand by the word planning with respect to construction?
Ans. Planning means specifying the action by relating the answers for the following questions such
as, what is to be done, where to be done, how to be done, and when to be done. Planning is the first
step of the construction project management. Construction project planning is a bridge between
experience of past projects and proposed action that produces the favourable results in future. There
are mainly three types of construction project planning as follows, 1) Strategic planning, 2)
Operational planning and 3) Scheduling. -In strategic planning, the strategy is prepared to run the
project. The project should be completed before the completion time provided by owner. It is done by
preparing the bar chart network diagrams. The critical path method (CPM) is also adopted to do this
work. -Operational planning is done to elaborate the strategic planning by defining sub activities in
the main activity. The construction of foundation includes the work related to digging, material
placement, formwork etc. -Scheduling refers to planning of activities in sequence, so that project
takes minimum time to complete. The critical path method (CPM) is adopted for this work. The
process of planning includes the examination of the alternatives for doing particular work and
choosing the best alternative among those alternatives for completing the project on time.
Q84. State the main characteristics of Planning Phase in Construction Life Cycle
Ans. It is termed as, the most crucial phase of an entire project. • It is otherwise termed as
construction phase plan (CPP). • It is considered important for every project and it should not be
complicated. • It must be significant to the project. • It consists of detailed feasibility study, appraisal,
project approval, and detailed Engineering survey and design. Planning phase includes the following:
• Project description along with the important dates and team member's details. • Design and analysis
of structure and its elements. • Layout and dimensions of the structure. • A set of explicit drawings
and specifications. • It must contain tender form of the project. • Proper standards of safety and
performance. The outcome is usually a structural system that meets the functional safety requirements
and is expected to be the most economical. • Technologies utilized in construction. • The detailed
estimation of the whole project. • Preparation of bill of quantities (BOQ). • It provides standard
specification and detailed drawings of the project. • Arrangements to involve construction workers
like induction process, safety facilities, and emergency related processes like fire, earthquake, etc. • It
must describe scale of the project along with the complications involved in the work undertaken, also
addressing the risks involved for the people directly associated with it.

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Q85. What is pore water pressure?

Ans. In between the soil mass, the pore are present that will be filled by air and water. Water present
in the pore develops the pressure within it, which is said to be pore water pressure. Sometime it is
otherwise termed as neutral stress. The pressure developed in pore are depends upon the depth of
ground water and seepage flow condition. It is denoted by the symbol u. It is calculated using the
relation given below. Here, the term g w is density of water and zw depth of water in soil. It is used
for finding the effective stress beneath the soil. Difference between pore water stress and total stress
is said to be effective stress. The pore pressure in soil is divided into two categories as follows, 1)
negative pore pressure and 2) positive pore pressure.
Q86. Are you familiar with Remote Sensing? What is it about?

Ans. It is a technique used to observe the earth from a satellite, which is in orbit around the earth. The
objective is to procure the information regarding the resources available in the Earth. This is done by
assessing the incident radiation from the satellite as it is passed through the earth atmosphere filter.
The electromagnetic radiation is reflected by the surface of Earth. The received information is in the
form of color intensity recorded as unit form of pixels. The intensity of pixel gives the wavelength
reflected by different objects. Each object will have a signature in terms of intensity. Based on this
prior information, objects are identified in the raster map. Therefore, transportation Engineers are
supplied with the map extracted and processed from the raw image received from the satellite. The
road networks and the areal extent of a locality can be easily and accurately identified from the map
obtained from remote sensing. The quantity of satellite systems in the orbit are indicative of the
accuracy of information received. Suborbital sensor systems also provide with reliable data.
Analyzing the remote sensing data to convert them into usable information is important for
applications related to transportation Engineering.
Q87. What is Shotcrete?

Ans. It is a concrete or occasionally called as a mortar which is transmitted via hose and
pneumatically projected at maximum velocity on a surface, like a technique used for construction.
For this type of concrete, reinforcement is done by using steel mesh, conventional steel rods, and/ or
fibers.This is a sprayed concrete type. The batching is done with a predetermined ratio of aggregates
and cement mixed with water or without water. It goes through placement and compaction

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
concurrently due to force that is projected with nozzle. This type of concrete can be forced onto
surface which is in any shape or type, including overhead areas and vertical areas. The work through
this type of technology is immediate, easy and more economical. During construction period,
technical properties of shotcrete such as compressive strength and elastic modulus reveals a
significant influence on tunnel protection, construction of building, and canal lining, etc.
Q88. Describe spread footings.

Ans. Spread footing is a type of the shallow foundation. It is defined as the structural members used
to support the column and walls as well as transmit and distribute the load coming on the structure to
the soil beneath it. The base area of the spread footing is calculated using the following formula.
Here, Qt is the total load coming on the spread footing, q is bearing capacity of soil, q is base area of
the spread footing. Spread footing is classified in two types as below. • Isolated footing • Strip or
continuous footing The shape of the spread footing may be circular, square and rectangular in plan.
There are following benefits of providing the spread footing as foundation in the building, • The
spread footing transmits and distributes the load from structure over the larger area of soil beneath it
for providing greater stability. • Spread footing has very less risk of the failure as compared to other
types of footing. • Spread footing increases the life of the buildings by controlling the damage in the
structures. • Spread footing has number of points of contact with the structure and it will be able to
provide support to the structure continuously. • Spread footing is easy to provide in the building
structures.
Q89. What is a strap footing?

Ans. Strap footing is the footing, which combines two footings with column and together with a
connecting strap beam. These types of strap footing are given at the place where the spacing is greater
than usual and usually happens at the property boundary.The strap footing distributes the load from
heavy column and the column which is eccentrically rested over the footing. This footing will
uniformly transmit the loads due to moment caused by the eccentricity onto the soil. Strap footing is
the best alternative for the trapezoidal or rectangular combined footing. Strap footing is more
economical compared to the combined footing. The common disadvantage in the strap footings are
that the bearing will not be provided by the strap footing and the strap uses ridge type beam to

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transfer the moment between the footings. Strap footings are usually rectangular shaped or square
shaped.
Q90. Explain the phenomenon of thawing and its effects.

Ans. When water seeps through the pores of the soil or rock and that water freezes due to climate
change and the freezing process develop the crack in the rock. Due to warm weather, frozen water in
crack or pores will melt. This process is termed as thawing. Due to freezing and thawing process, the
soil will experience settlement. The water gets to expand, when it is cooled and will freeze, while the
temperature in the soil will gets lower than freezing point of water. The water in the voids gets frozen
and tends to expand the soil. The expansion causes the soil to move upwards. The vertical expansion
of soil refers to the frost heave. It seriously damages the structure such as foundation and pavements
of the building through upward movement of soil, as the upward movement of soil will not
necessarily move in the uniform pattern. The frozen soil will thaw or melt when the temperature rises.
It will result in melting of water in the pore spaces of soil. Melted water near the surface cannot drain
through or below the frozen soil. This causes increasing in water content in the top layer of soil. The
strength of the soil will get reduced and settlement of the structure may occur as a result.
Q91. What is super elevation in road design?

Ans. Superelevation is used to create banking on corners. It’s where the whole road slopes one way,
usually towards the inside of the bend. It is the inward transverse slope provided throughout the
length of the horizontal curves to counteract the centrifugal force and therefore to check the tendency
of the vehicle to over turn or skid. Outer edge of the pavement is raised with respect to the inner edge
of the pavement, the ratio of the height raised to the width of the pavement is called super-elevation.
It’s also called positive camber, whereas if the road slopes away from the inside, or the apex, it’s
called adverse camber. The reason it works is because when a vehicle turns a corner, physics means
that it fights against the urge to carry on travelling straight ahead. By banking the road, more of the
force is taken up through the suspension and less by the tyres, therefore a vehicle can go faster before
the tyres begin to skid. Superelevation benefits vehicles travelling in both directions because it
increases their cornering ability. If the road was cambered like a straight piece of road (higher in the
middle) it would only benefit vehicles travelling closest to the inside or apex of the corner

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Q92. What is a compactor? What are its various types?

Ans. A compactor is an equipment used to reduce or compress the size of a material. In the
construction industry, the compactor is used to compress or compact the soil and make the land
suitable for construction purposes. There are several types of compactors used at construction sites.
Each compactor serves a different purpose.
Plate Compactors The plate compactors are used for small surfaces. A plate compactor has a
vibrating base plate. The vibrating base plate is then used to create a flat base or a level grade. The
vibrating base plate usually consists of a hammer that assists in creating a flattened base for
construction purposes.
Jumping Jack Compactors A jumping Jack compactor is a handheld compactor which has a pointed
blade type equipment. Because of the blade equipment, such compactors are extremely beneficial
when it comes to constructing trenches and holes for water and gas supply. These are also known as
motorbikes because of the way it is held and the manner in which it operates.
Road Roller Compactors Road roller compactors are the most frequently and commonly used type of
compactors by construction companies as it assists in flattening and compacting road or a piece of
soil and land. They are used to smoothen the surface of roads after constructing it. They are usually
preferred for asphalt roads.
Pneumatic Tired Rollers These rollers have tired rollers on both the axles. Such tired rollers are apt
for flattening and compacting coarse-grained soils. However, they are not applicable to create a
uniform surface like road roller compactors. The pneumatic tired rollers have tires made of rubber
which are able to perform compactions at other sites that do not necessarily need an even surface.
Pneumatic tired rollers move quicker than road roller compactors. So, if you want to level a surface in
quick time, then you can consider using pneumatic tired rollers.
Q93. Define water cement ratio and state its affect on strength of concrete.
Ans. Ratio of water with respect to cement, expressed in terms of weight in the water-cement mixture
is known as water-cement proportion. Water and cement mixed together yields to the formation of
concrete. The correct proportion is needed to ensure the binding properties of the water-cement
mixture. The water-cement ratio is calculated as below. Here, ww is the weight of water in the
mixture and wc is the weight of cement in the mixture. The value of ratio below 0.4 is considered to
be lower water-cement ratio. When the value of ratio lies between 0.6 and 0.7, it is considered to be

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
normal water-cement ratio. Generally, it is preferred to use a water-cement ratio of 0.5. From the test
conducted in laboratories, it is observed that water-cement ratio must lie between 0.46 and 0.57. The
strength of the concrete depends highly on this ratio. Hence, it becomes vital to maintain a perfect
ratio in the mixture. Lower ratio is preferable, where the structure needs to carry large compressive
loads.
Q94. What is a total station and what are its advantages?

Ans. It is a ground surveying device used for measuring angles in both horizontal and vertical planes
and also changes in the elevation using the trigonometric levels. Total station is a distance measuring
electronic device and also a form of electronic theodolite. The angles and distance for the instrument
to other point can be determined using total station. Those values are used to compute the actual
position (includes elevation and coordinates). It consists of telescope with vertical and horizontal
cross hairs and Vernier for reading the vertical angles. A graduated arc plate is provided for reading
the horizontal angles. In electronic theodolite, the detail study of those data can be read out. The
telescope mounted on the instrument can be rotatable vertically through horizontal axis. In case of the
standard theodolite, two vertical arms are provided on its horizontal axis to support the telescope. The
arms are connected to the graduated plate, which can rotate horizontally with respect to circular plate.
Horizontal angles can be measured using those arms attached to the graduated plate. Advantages of
the total station instrument are as given below. • It supports all local languages, • It has an integrated
database, • User friendly and easy to setup the instrument, • No writing errors, • No recordings, •
Graphical views of land will be easy to understand and • Saves time and faster in work.
Q95. Name the most used planning softwares/tools used by construction companies.
Ans. Most commonly used tools/softwares for planning are:
 Primavera
 Microsoft Project (MSP)
 Microsoft Excel
 Candy, etc
Q96. What are shakes and their types?
Ans. Shakes are timber defects that occur around the annual ring or growth ring of a timber. In other
words, cracks or splits in the woods are called shakes. It may or may not be a structural problem

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
depending upon depth and use. The main problem is aesthetic. Where the appearance is important,
shakes are undesirable. Types of shakes: Shakes can be classified into three main categories:-
i. Star Shakes: This type of shake starts propagating from the bark towards the sapwood and
sometimes even towards the heartwood along the lines of medullary rays. Cracks are wider on the
outer edge or bark and narrower on the inside (usually sapwood, sometimes heartwood). The main
reasons behind star shakes are extreme heat or frosting during the growth of the trees and rapid or
uneven seasoning after cutting off the timber. Extreme heat or frost causes temperature difference,
which causes shrinkage leading to the crack.
ii. Cup and/or Ring Shakes: Cup shakes follow the annual growth ring. It is capable to separate the
growth ring partially or completely. When the crack separates the annual ring completely, it is called
ring shakes. So, all ring shakes are cup shakes, but all cup shakes are not a ring shape. Excessive frost
action is the main reason for this type of crack.
iii. Heart Shakes: Unlike star shakes, heart shakes starts propagating from the pith to the sapwood
along the lines of medullary rays. Shrinkage of the interior part of the timber causes this crack.
Q97. What are the properties of a Good Mortar?

Ans. It is always desirable to use the best mortar in constructions. Therefore, the properties of a good
mortar must be investigated. Generally, good mortar possesses following properties-
-The main quality that mortar should possess is adhesion. Good mortar should provide good adhesion
to building units (bricks, Stones etc). -Mortar should be water resistant. It should have the capability
of resisting the penetration of water. -Deformability of mortar should be low. -Mortar should be
cheap. -Mortar should be easily workable in the site condition. -The mobility of mortar should be
good. It helps the mortar to be paved thinly and evenly. -It should possess high durability. -To
improve the speed of construction, good mortar should set quickly. -Cracks should not be developed
in the joint formed by mortar. It is desirable to last for long period of time without losing the
appearance.
Q98. What are the various characteristics of a good brick?

Ans. It is always desirable to use the best quality brick in constructions. Therefore, the Characteristics
of a good brick must be investigated. Generally good bricks possesses following properties-

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 Bricks should be uniform in colour, size and shape. Standard size of brick should be
maintained.
 They should be sound and compact.
 They should be free from cracks and other flaws such as air bubbles, stone nodules etc. with
sharp and square edges.
 Bricks should not absorb more than 1⁄5 of their own weight of water when immersed in water
for 24 hours (15% to 20% of dry weight).
 The compressive strength of bricks should be in range of 2000 to 5000 psi (15 to 35 MPa).
 Salt attack hampers the durability of brick. The presence of excess soluble salts in brick also
causes efflorescence. The percentage of soluble salts (sulphates of calcium, magnesium,
sodium and potassium) should not exceed 2.5% in brunt bricks.
 Brick should not change in volume when wetted.
 Bricks should neither over-burnt nor under-brunt.
 Generally, the weight per brick should be 6 lbs. and the unit weight should be less than 125
lbs. per cubic ft.
 The thermal conductivity of bricks should be low as it is desirable that the building built with
them should be cool in summer and warm in winter.
 Bricks should be sound proof.
 Bricks should be non-inflammable and incombustible.
 Bricks should be free from lime pitting.
Q99. What is back sight, fore sight and intermediate sight?

Ans. Back Sight. A back sight (B.S) is the first staff reading taken after setting up the instrument in
any position. This will always be a reading on the point of known elevation.
Fore Sight. A fore sight (F.S) is the last staff reading taken before moving the instrument. This will
always be reading on a point whose elevation is to be determined. This reading indicates the shifting
of the instrument.
Intermediate Sight. An intermediate sight (I.S) is any staff reading taken on the point of unknown
elevation after the back sight and before the fore sight. This is necessary when more than two staff
readings are taken from the same position of the instrument.

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Q.100. What is the life span of an R.C.C structure?

Ans. The generally accepted life span of an RCC structure is 40 to 50 years. The structure can be
designed for up-to 100 years by incorporating durability requirements in the structural design. These
would include enhanced cover and additionally reducing steel stress and limiting quantity of steel
besides richer concreting. But in practise, buildings designed as per IS codes and with reasonable
maintenance can give a life of 60 to 70 years. However, the RCC frame may be designed, but
buildings consists of other components too…brickwork, plaster, windows, flooring, electrification,
plumbing etc. So irrespective of RCC design, the life of building will also be governed by life of
other materials used.
Q101. What is Bar Bending Schedule?

Ans. Bar Bending Schedule is a list details of bent reinforcement bars used in any given structural
concrete (RCC) element. The list contains bar mark, its diameter, length, shape and weight. Bar
bending schedule is used by site Engineers/home owners to estimate the quantities of various
diameters of bars used in a construction, perform bar bending at site, and check the reinforcement
work done by the contractor.
Q102. What is a retaining wall? What are its different types?

Ans. A retaining wall is used to resist soil mass or backfill. The materials that are used to create the
retaining walls are rocks, or the boulder. It has the ability to retain the position of the soil at its
location for the longer life span. The various types of retaining walls are as follows:
1) Gravity wall- A wall is defined as the gravity wall, if it has the ability to resist the pressure or the
force from the self-weight or dead load of wall. It helps to enhance the stability of the wall for leaning
back at the location by its own self weight. 2) Cantilever wall- These walls are basically large
retaining walls and have applications for the transformation of the horizontal pressure from back of
the soil to vertical pressure. The wall has a vertical stem, base and a slab which has two different
regions classified as a heel slab and toe slab. 3) Anchored wall- This type of wall has highest
strength, which usually supports the soil through the anchoring. The wall has the property of
slenderness, else it will be considered as weak. The wall has long end cables which sustains the
property of the soil by means of injecting pressurized concrete.

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5. FLOW CHART FOR A CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT
1. Site survey
2. Architectural design
3. Structural design
4. Cost estimates
5. Project approval from various govt agencies
6. Tendering process
7. Site clearance
8. Site preparation like construction sheds for storing materials, labor, water storage,
equipments, and machinery.
9. Center line marking
10. Construction of foundation
11. Plinth beam construction
12. Super structure construction of columns, beams,walls and roofs after centering and
fabrication of steel. Fixing of doors, windows and ventilator frames.
13. Conduits for electrical and plumbing works
14. Plastering of walls and ceilings
15. Flooring
16. Fixing door, window and ventilator shutters
17. Electrical wiring, fixing of fixtures and plumbing fixtures
18. Water proofing of roofs, parapets, over head water tanks
19. Construction of exterior works like compound wall, flogging concrete, etc
20. Handing over of the project to the client
21. Maintenance of project.

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6. SOFT WARES USED IN CIVIL ENGINERING PROFESSION
1. AutoCAD
2. SAP 2000
3. SkyCiv Analysis Software Design Software API Technology
4. Staad Pro
5. ETABS
6. Primavera
7. Revit
8. ARCGIS for Surveying
9. 3DS Max – Modeling
10. MX Road – Road Design and Analysis
11. Sketch Up
12. StormCAD
13. WaterCAD
14. Microsoft Project (MS Project):
15. Easy-Pro Builders Estimator
16. STACK Takeoff & Estimating Software

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7. TOP CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN INDIA
1 JMC PROJECTS INDIA LIMITED
2 NCC
3 RELIANCE INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED
4 DILIP BUILDCON
5 TATA PROJECTS LIMITED
6 JAIPRAKASH ASSOCIATES LIMITED
7 AFCONS INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED
8 HINDUSTAN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
9 PUNJ LLOYD LIMITED
10 HOUSING & URBAN DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIMITED
11 ASHOKA BUILDCON
12 IRCON INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
13 DLF LIMITED
14 SADBHAV ENGINEERING LIMITED
15 IRB INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED
16 PNC INFRATECH LIMITED
17 PRESTIGE ESTATES PROJECTS LIMITED
18 PATEL ENGINEERING COMPANY
19 ITD CEMENTATION INDIA LIMITED
20 ILANDFS ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LIMITED
21 J KUMAR INFRAPROJECTS LIMITED
22 KNR CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LIMITED

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23 BRIGADE ENTERPRISES LIMITED
24 CAPACITE INFRAPROJECTS LIMITED
25 WELSPUN ENTERPRISES LIMITED
26 LANCO GROUP LIMITED
27 AHLUWALIA CONTRACTS INDIA LIMITED
28 RAMKY INFRA
29 UNITECH LIMITED
30 IVRCL LIMITED
31 GODREJ PROPERTIES LIMITED
32 OMAXE LIMITED
33 GMR INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED
34 OBEROI REALTY LIMITED
35 PSP PROJECTS LIMITED
36 BL KASHYAP & SONS
37 PURAVANKARA PROJECTS LIMITED
38 C & C CONSTRUCTIONS LIMITED
39 KOLTE-PATIL DEVELOPERS LIMITED
40 MADHUCON PROJECTS LIMITED
41 PENINSULA LAND LIMITED
42 HUBTOWN LIMITED
43 ANSAL PROPERTIES & INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED
44 MAHINDRA LIFESPACE DEVELOPERS LIMITED
45 INDIABULLS REAL ESTATE LIMITED

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46 MBL INFRASTRUCTURES LIMITED
47 DELTA CORP LIMITED
48 PHOENIX MILLS LIMITED
49 ANSAL HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION LIMITED
50 ANANT RAJ INDUSTRIES LIMITED
51 HOUSING DEVELOPMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE LTD (HDIL)
52 CONSOLIDATED CONSTRUCTION CONSORTIUM LTD (CCCL)
53 VASCON ENGINEERS LIMITED
54 AJMERA REALTY AND INFRA INDIA LIMITED
55 ASHIANA HOUSING LIMITED
56 SUNTECK REALTY LIMITED
57 MAN INFRACONSTRUCTION LIMITED
58 PETRON ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION LIMITED
59 NILA INFRASTRUCTURE LIMTIED
60 GANESH HOUSING COMPANY LIMITED
61 GAMMON INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED
62 TIRUPATI SARJAN LIMITED
63 PARSVNATH DEVELOPERS LIMITED
64 SUPREME INFRASTRUCTURE INDIA LIMITED
65 CHD DEVELOPERS LIMITED
66 NOIDA TOLL BRIDGE COMPANY LIMITED
67 ATLANTA LIMITED
68 EMAMI REALTY LIMITED

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69 D. B. REALTY LIMITED
70 SHRISTI INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIMITED
71 ANSAL BUILDWELL LIMITED
72 ARIHANT SUPERSTRUCTURES LIMITED
73 NAVKAR BUILDERS LIMITED
74 SSPDL GROUP
75 NEWTON ENGINEERING & CHEMICALS LIMITED
76 MARG LIMITED
77 NEL HOLDINGS LIMITED
78 RDB REALTY AND INFRASTRUCTURE LTD
79 PVV INFRA LIMITED
80 SOBHA LIMITED
81 ALPINE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIMITED
82 RODIUM REALTY LIMITED
83 ELNET TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
84 MARUTI INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED
85 VEER ENERGY AND INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED
86 PROZONE INTU PROPERTIES LTD
87 RADHE DEVELOPERS INDIA LIMITED
88 GARNET CONSTRUCTION LIMITED
89 VKJ INFRADEVELOPERS LIMITED
90 LANDMARK PROPERTIES
91 BSEL INFRASTRUCTURE REALTY LIMITED

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92 MVL LIMITED
93 CONART ENGINEERS LIMITED
94 PUROHIT CONSTRUCTION LIMITED
95 HB ESTATE DEVELOPERS LIMITED
96 COUNTRY CONDOS
97 CITADEL REALTY AND DEVELOPERS LTD
98 SATRA PROPERTIES INDIA LIMITED
99 SHAPOORJI PALLONJI & COMPANY LTD
100 ESSAR CONSTRUCTIONS INDIA LIMITED
8. Top 10 BUILDERS IN BANGALORE
1. PRESTIGE GROUP - BANGALORE
2. SALARPURIA SATTVA GROUP - BANGALORE
3. SOBHA LIMITED - BANGALORE
4. GODREJ PROPERTIES - BANGALORE
5. SHRIRAM PROPERTIES - BANGALORE
6. KOLTE PATIL DEVELOPERS - BANGALORE
7. BRIGADE GROUP - BANGALORE
8. PURAVANKARA PROJECTS - PUNE
9. L&T REALTY - BANGALORE
10. MAHINDRA LIFESPACES DEVELOPERS - BANGALORE

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9. TOP BUILDERS & DEVELOPERS IN INDIA
Supertech
Emaar India
Omaxe
Oberoi Realty
ATS Green Prestige Ashiana BPTP

Group Housing
Gaursons Hi Tech KoltePatil Developers

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Samarth Comprehensive Civil Consultancy

Private...
Nigdi, Pune
Verified Supplier
Company Video
Call 08048021949

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Material: Steel, RCC, Mild Steel
Building Style: Residential, Commercial, Industrial
Site Location: Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Madhya
Pradesh, Karnataka
Mode Of Service: Civil Engineering Consultants
Build Up Area / Size: Any
Product
read more...
CPS Enterprises
Raj Nagar, Ghaziabad
Call 08048871456
14 concrete &steel none Commercial

Construction Services
We Can Deliver: all
Business / Industry Type: all
Color: none
Type Of Construction Structure: concrete &steel
Material: Concrete
Usage/Application: construction
Sanskaar Interiors
Dwarka, New Delhi
Verified Supplier
Company Video
Call 08046079582
15 Engineering Consultancy Services

Payment Mode: Online and Offline
Service Duration: Upto 2 Days
Service Location: Tamil Nadu
iFluids Engineering offers cost effective & value add services in
Basic & Detail Engineering,
IFluids Engineering
West Shenoy Nagar, Chennai
Verified Supplier
Call 08048940976

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16 Environmental Consultant
Consultancy Service Type: Environmental Consultant
Brand: T.R Associates
Application Area Located At: All Over India
As per EIA Notification, 2006 project listed in this
read more...Brochure
T. R. Associates
S.G Highway, Ahmedabad
TrustSEAL Verified
Company Video
Call 08046027180
17 Offline Civil Engineering Consultancy

Service, Pan India
Mode Of Service: Offline
Duration: 7 Days
Report: Soft Copy & Hard Copy
Type: Civil Engineering Consultancy Service
The Trident Engineers
Call 08048963629
Modular Concrete Structure Civil
Construction Billing, In Coimbatore
18 Service Location/City: Coimbatore
Built Type: Modular
Material: Concrete structure
Civil Engineering- Construction Billing services in coimbatore
Eco Infra Engineering Services

Eachanari, Coimbatore
Verified Supplier
Call 08048736617

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19 Industrial Engineering Consultancy

Services
Service Charges: depend on project
Type of Service Provider: Individual Consultant
Application: Industrial
Company: Luthra
read more...Brochure
Luthra Pneumsys
Vasai East, Mumbai
TrustSEAL Verified
Company Video
Call 08048603537
20 Industrial Engineering Consultancy
Services
Service Charges: depend on project
Made In: India
Application: Industrial
Company: Luthra
Luthra Hydro Pneumatic Industries

Sakinaka, Mumbai
TrustSEAL Verified
Company Video
21 Onsite Civil Engineering Consultancy
Services, North East India
Site Location: North East India
Mode Of Service: Onsite
Type of Service: Civil Engineering Consultancy Services
Payment Mode: Offline and Online
With an impressive growth record in this highly
Silchar, Dist. Cachar

Verified Supplier
Company Video
Call 08037362232

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22 Civil Engineering Consulting Service

Service Location/City: All Over India
Service Type: Civil Engineering Service
Arahantha & Company
Bilekahalli, Bengaluru
Verified Supplier
Company Video
Call 08048845148
23 Residential and Commercial Online And

Offline Civil Engineering Consultancy
Service, Madhya Pradesh
Building Style: Residential and Commercial
Site Location: Madhya Pradesh
Mode Of Service: Online and Offline
Duration: 15 Days - 1 Month
Type of Service: Civil Engineering Consultancy
HRP & Company
Indore
Verified Supplier
Company Video
Call 08048429964
24  Cgwa Noc Consultancy Services

Site Location: any
We provide consultancy service for NOC of CGWA.
Also we provide Digital flow meter with data logger &
Piezometer installation.
Synergy Technocrats
Kalyan, Dist. Thane
Verified Supplier
Company Video
Call 08048725230

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Industrial Online Engineering

Consulting Services
25 Building Style: Industrial
Mode Of Service: Online
Site Location: All Over India
Duration: 1 Week
Being a noticeable firm of market, we are rendering
Siga Associates LLP

Pune
Verified Supplier
Company Video
Call 07971480849
26 Civil Testing Consultancy Service

Duration: 15-30 Days
Service Location: Client Side
We are engaged in offering Civil Testing Consultancy Service.
To meet the exact specifications of clients, we
Bijaylaxmi Consultancy
Bhimatangi, Bhubaneswar, Dist. Khorda
TrustSEAL Verified
Call 08048941063
Specifications will be provided. QIS can give excellent advice to
all customers, which will put minds at rest. Consultancy
assistance aremanyanariedeg:
ControlStrategyDefinition
ControlystemdetailedEngineering
Contro&SafetSystemSpecification
- Control System Architecture diagrams
Quantum Instruments And Solutions

Perungudi, Chennai
TrustSEAL Verified
Company Video
Call 08048561776

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28 Civil Estimation Consultant Services

Payment Mode: Online/Offline
Service Duration: 7 Days
ServiceLocation:PanIndia
We have reached the pinnacle of success and earned a
Dhruva Industrial Consultants
Hyderabad
Verified Supplier
Call 08042984068
29 Engineering Consulting Services
A M LOGISTICS AND CORPORATE
SERVICES PRIVATE LIMITED
Anna Nagar East, Chennai
Verified Supplier
Company Video
Call 07971479037

Site Location: Singur
Civil Engineering construction and land survey
MRINMOY DAS
Singur, Hooghly
Verified Supplier
Call 08068970115Dial Ext 708 when connected
31 Civil Consultancy
Site Location: Raipur
Build Up Area / Size: 3rs./sqft
Type of Construction: 4279229
Jaguon Infra
Mowa, Raipur
Verified Supplier

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32 Engineering Consultant Service

Building Style: all
Mode Of Service: Consultants
Site Location: all
Build Up Area / Size: As Per Client Requirement
Service Charges: As Per Client Requirement
Duration: as per project
Civileano Engineers And Consultants Private

Limited
Jamiya Nagar, New Delhi
Verified Supplier
Company Video
33 Offline Civil Engineering Consultants
34 RCC Commercial Civil Engineering

Consultancy Service, Kolkata
Material: RCC
Site Location: Kolkata
Mode Of Service: Design & Engineering, Drawing,
Estimation
Design & Engineering, Drawing , Estimation
P B Construction
Howrah
Verified Supplier

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35 RCC Industrial Civil Engineering

Consultancy In Mumbai
Industry: All
Material: RCC
Building Style: Industrial
Site Location: Mumbai
Mode Of Service: ONLINE, OFFLINE, ONSITE
Arihant Buildcon
Char Rasta, Vapi, Dist. Valsad
Verified Supplier
Call 08047019763
Consultants
Services Consultants
Jayanagar Byrasandra, Bengaluru
Verified Supplier
37 Civil Consultant Service

Our company excels in providing Civil Consultant Service to the
clients. This service is planned and executed by experienced
professionals keeping in mind predefined norms. Provided
service is meticulous analyzed by quality Engineers. Civil
Consultant Service is cherished among clients for flexibility and
quick and easy
read more...
Compass Groups
Tondiarpet, Chennai
Verified Supplier

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38 Civil Works Services, Tamilnadu &

Kerala
Site Location: Tamilnadu & Kerala
Type Of Construction: Residential , Non-Residential &
Industrial
Our team has the most qualified Civil Engineers and other
dignified professionals providing the best Civil services to you
Green Land Construction

Madurai Road, Theni
Verified Supplier
39 Architectural & Civil Consultancy

Mobidec Multiservices Private Limited
Rasulgarh, Bhubaneswar, Dist. Khorda
Verified Supplier
Call 08048788184
40 Civil Engineering Consulting

Symbolic to all the success we have acquired in the industry,
remains our status as a prominent enterprise engaged in offering
Civil Engineering Consulting. The offered service is executed by
our highly qualified professionals who have years of experience
in this domain. The offered service is highly admired in the
market owing
Trans National Consultancy Services

Noida, Dist. Gautam Budh Nagar
Verified Supplier
41 Civil Engineering Consultancy Service

Er DBKAPIL Chartered Engineer Valuer
Income Tax
Nalagarh, Baddi, Solan
Verified Supplier

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42 Engineering And Cons

Trambak Inframakers Llp
Chembur Colony, Mumbai
Verified Supplier
43 Civil Engineering consulting services

Site Location: chennai
Type Of Construction: Residential
Duration: 3 to 8month
, we offer Civil Engineering Consultants from India.
Fine Tune Construction India Pvt Ltd

Kodambakkam, Chennai
Verified Supplier
Company Video
44 Civil Engineering Services
45 Civil Engineering Consultancy Services
46 Civil Engineering Woks

we provide all types of Civil Engineering Woks as per requireent
of clients.
Explotech Solutions
Vasant Nagar, Nagpur
Verified Supplier

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47 Civil Engineering Consultancy Service

Features:
-Customizedanduserfriendl
-Excellentinperformance
- Highly appreciate
Unique Surveyors
Tarabai Road, Mumbai
Verified Supplier
Contact Sup
48 Civil Engineering Consultancy Jobs

New Horizon Consultancy Service
Serampore, Kolkata
Verified Supplier

Standard Civil Engineers Private Limited
Kandivali(East), Mumbai
Verified Supplier

We are providing our clients with well managed Civil
Engineering Consultancy Service. We closely work with clients
to understand their exact problems and provide a complete
solution. Our provided consultancy service is highly
acknowledged for its flexibility, reliability and timely execution.
Shivom Engineers Associates Private

Limited
Sector 20, Panchkula
Verified Supplier
Call 08048786807

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51 Civil Engineer Consultant

Site Location: SOLAPUR, LATUR, PUNE
Build Up Area / Size: NA
Type Of Construction: ALL ABOVE
Duration: NA
Material Procurement: NA
Service Mode: NA
Tor Infra Private Limited

Solapur
Verified Supplier
52 Civil Consultants
Build Up Area / Size: 2000Sq. Feet
Type of Construction: Commercial
Site Location: Mahar
Uddhav Holkar
Indira Nagar, Nashik
Verified Supplier
53 Civil consultancy service

S And T Enterprise
New Delhi
Verified Supplier

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Build Up Area / Size: minimum 500 sq.ft
Site Location: coimbatore
Duration: depends upon constructions
We are providing a consulting service for
Build India Materials And Constructions

R.S. Puram, Coimbatore
Verified Supplier
55 On Call Consultant 7412849088 Civil

Engineering Consultancy Service
Industry: Civil construction work
Material: All materials
Building Style: All TYpe Of Building
Civil Engineering Consultancy Service
Paramount Home Creation

Sojat Road, Pali
Verified Supplier
56 RCC CIVIL CONSULTANT, Raipur

Industry: Residential, commercial and institutional
Material: RCC
Building Style: Any of them
Site Location: Raipur
Type Of Contract: All of the
D.s. Construction
Arang, Raipur
Verified Supplier

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57 Civil Consultant
Any type of renovations or new site develop
Option Design
Sardar Ganj, Anand
Verified Supplier
Contact SpplierRequest a quote

Site Location: Madurai
Cr Landmarkz
Ellis Nagar, Madurai
Verified Supplier

By retaining our sync with the advancements taking place in this
business sector, we are engrossed in offering to our clients’
highly reliable Civil Engineering Services. In order to fulfill the
desires of our customers in the best possible way, we spend
some-time with our clients to comprehend their demands and
desires.
Ssr Integrated Technology Engineering

Bhandup West, Mumbai
Verified Supplier
Company Video
Call 08043044077
With the support of our professionals, we are involved in
offering best quality of Engineering Consultancy Services.
These Engineering Consultancy Services are available in
the market at reasonable rates. The offered Engineering
Consultancy Services are known for its hassle free
performance. Engineering Consultancy

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11. TOP CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT CONSULTANTS IN INDIA
1. Opstrah Design
Consulting
Bengaluru, Karnataka
2. Tvasta Project Management Consultants (TPMC)

· Engineering consultant
# 41, 8th cross, KGE Layout, RMV 2 stage
3. A N Prakash Construction Project Management Consultants Private

Limited
491, 2 Floor, Viswakarma, East End Main Road, Jaya Nagar 9th Block
"Project management services Consultants"
4.Quansys India Project Management Consultant Pvt Ltd

A52 4th Floor RPR Complex, Kamadhenu Layout
5. Rohini Project Management Consultants Pvt Ltd

804, "Mrugashira", KRVNSS Layout, adjacent to RNSIT Basketball Court
6. Support Corporate Consulting (Business Planning, Consulting &

Management Firm in Bangalore, India)
Business management consultant
CoSpaze Managed & Co-work office Spaces, BVR Lake Front, Veerannapalya Main Rd
"Kamal and his team helped us plan the project ,optimise the ..."
7. Support Corporate Business Consultants in India


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CoSpaze Managed & Co-work office Spaces BVR Lake Front, Veerannapalya Main Road Nagavara,
Kanaka Nagar
098458 44215
Provides: Project Management
8. Potential Project Managers Private Limited

#63A, 13th Cross, 2nd Main Rd
9.8MCC/PMCPROJECT MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT

COMPANY |CONSTRUCTION |MARKETING DIGITAL |BUSINESS
|VENTURES
Property management company
620 12th cross, 27th Main Rd
10. Synergy Project & Business Consulting

No reviews · Business management consultant
404, 2, 7th Main Rd
11. Promag Consultancy Services

Brigade Ratna, Ranga Rao Rd
080 2667 6298
12. Zinnov Management Consulting

97 Umiya Emporium - 4th floor, Hosur Main Road
Open ⋅ Closes 6PM · 080 4080 4600
13 Bain & Company

SKAV 909, 20th Floor, 9/1, Lavelle Road, Richmond Circle, 9 Block, Ashok Nagar

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080676 53800
12. PA Consulting Group
Software company
Gold Nest, 4A & 4B, Wind Tunnel Rd
13. Boston Consulting Group

UB City, 1701, 17th Floor, Canberra Tower B, 24, Vittal Mallya Rd · In the UB City
14. UKB Construction Management Pvt Ltd

Consultant
# 697/75, 3rd Floor, 30th Cross Road, 4th T Block, Jayanagar
Open ⋅ Closes 6PM · 080 2663 0203
15. Arcadis
Engineering consultant
RMZ Titanium, 135, HAL Old Airport Rd · In Karle Premium
Open ⋅ Closes 5:30PM · 080 3059 1409
"one of the leading cost consultant in india"
16. Aspire Software Consultancy

Software company
#5, 1st Cross, Industrial Area, N.S. Palya Road, BTM 2nd Stage
17. Environmental Resources Management

Environmental consultant
Ground Floor, Delta Block,Sigma Soft Tech Park
18. A N Prakash
Property Management Company
4 T Block, 470, 19 Main, Jy Nagar.

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12. 5 TAKE AWAYS FROM EACH SUBJECTS.

1. Elements of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics.
 Understand the different fields of Engineering.
 Compute the resultant of a force system and resolution of forces.
 Comprehend the action of forces, moments, and other types of loads on rigid bodies compute
relative forces.
 Locate centroid, compute the MI of regular, and built up sections.
 Analyse the bodies in motion.
2. Strength of Materials
 To evaluate the basic concepts of the stresses and strains for different materials and strength
of structural elements.
 To evaluate the development of internal forces and resistance mechanism for one dimensional
and two dimensional structural elements.
 To Analyse different internal forces and stresses induced due to representative loads on
structural elements.
 To evaluate slope and deflections of beams.
 To evaluate the behaviour of torsion members, columns and struts.
3. Fluid Mechanics
 Possess a sound knowledge of fundamental properties of fluids and fluid Continuum
 Compute and solve problems on hydrostatics, including practical applications
 Apply principles of mathematics to represent kinematic concepts related to fluid flow
 Apply fundamental laws of fluid mechanics and the Bernoulli’s principle for practical
applications
 Compute the discharge through pipes and over notches and weirs.
4. Building Materials and Construction

 Select suitable materials for buildings and adopt suitable construction techniques.
 Decide suitable type of foundation based on soil parameters

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 Supervise the construction of different building elements based on suitability

 Exhibit the knowledge of building finishes and form work requirements
5. Basic Surveying
 Posses a sound knowledge of fundamental principles Geodetics
 Measurement of vertical and horizontal plane, linear and angular dimensions to arrive at
solutions to basic surveying problems.
 Capture geodetic data to process and perform analysis for survey problems]
 Analyse the obtained spatial data and compute areas and volumes. Represent 3D data on plane
figures as contours.
6. Engineering Geology
 Apply geological knowledge in different civil engineering practice.
 Students will acquire knowledge on durability and competence of foundation rocks, and
Confidence enough to use the best building materials.
 Civil Engineers are competent enough for the safety, stability, economy and life of the
structures that they construct.
 Able to solve various issues related to ground water exploration, build up dams, bridges,
tunnels which are often confronted with ground water problems.
 Intelligent enough to apply GIS, GPS and remote sensing as a latest tool in different civil
engineering construction.
7. Computer Aided Building Planning & Drawing

The student can able to
 Basics in Autocad software.
 Draft Building Components Like Footing, Column, Beams, Slabs.
 Draft Building Components Like Staircase, Lintel and chajja, Rainwater Harvesting.
 Draft Cross section of road.
 Develop Double line diagram, cross section details and elevation for residential structure and
commercial structure.
 Draft Sanction plan .

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8. Building Materials Testing Laboratory

 Reproduce the basic knowledge of mathematics and engineering in finding the strength in
tension, compression, shear and torsion.
 Identify, formulate and solve engineering problems of structural elements subjected to flexure.
 Evaluate the impact of engineering solutions on the society and will be aware of
contemporary issues regarding failure of structures due to unsuitable materials.
9. Analysis of Determinate Structures

 Types of Structures.
 Analysis for Moving loads by ILD.
 Slope and Deflection by moment area method.
 Find slope and Deflection by Castiglions, Unit load and Strain Energy Method.
 Analysis for Arches and Cables.
10. Applied Hydraulics

 Apply dimensional analysis to develop mathematical modeling and compute the parametric
values in prototype by analyzing the corresponding model parameters.
 Design the open channels of various cross sections including economical channel sections
 Apply Energy concepts to flow in open channel sections, Calculate Energy dissipation,
 Compute water surface profiles at different conditions
 Design turbines for the given data, and to know their operation characteristics under different
operating conditions.
11. Concrete Technology

 Relate material characteristics and their influence on microstructure of concrete.
 Distinguish concrete behavior based on its fresh and hardened properties.
 Illustrate proportioning of different types of concrete mixes for required fresh and hardened
properties using professional codes.
 Adopt suitable concreting methods to place the concrete based on requirement.
 Select a suitable type of concrete based on specific application.

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12. Advanced Surveying

 Apply the knowledge of geometric principles to arrive at surveying problems
 Use modern instruments to obtain geo-spatial data and analyse the same to appropriate
engineering problems
 Capture geodetic data to process and perform analysis for survey problems with the use of
electronic instruments.
 Design and implement the different types of curves for deviating type of alignments.
13. Engineering Geology Laboratory

Students will be able to learn about
 Rocks
 Minerals
 Problems related to strata, borehole, dip and strike
 Geological maps
 Topo sheets.
14. Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines Laboratory:

 Properties of fluids and the use of various instruments for fluid flow measurement
 Working of hydraulic machines under various conditions of working and their characteristics.
15. Analysis of Indeterminate Structures

 Determine Moment for indeterminate structures by Slope deflection method.
 Determine Moment for indeterminate structures by Moment distribution method.
 Determine Moment for indeterminate structures by Kanies method.
 Determine Moment for indeterminate structures by Flexibility matrix method.
 Determine Moment for indeterminate structures by Stiffness matrix method.
16. Design of RC Structural Elements:

 Understand the design philosophy and principles.
 Solve engineering problems of RC elements subjected to flexure, shear and torsion.

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 Demonstrate the procedural knowledge in designs of RC structural elements such as slabs,

columns and footings.
 Owns professional and ethical responsibility.
17. Basic Geotechnical Engineering:

 Ability to plan and execute geotechnical site investigation program for different civil
engineering projects
 Understanding of stress distribution and resulting settlement beneath the loaded footings on
sand and clayey soils
 Ability to estimate factor of safety against failure of slopes and to compute lateral pressure
distribution behind earth retaining structures
 Ability to determine bearing capacity of soil and achieve proficiency in proportioning shallow
isolated and combined footings for uniform bearing pressure
 Capable of estimating load carrying capacity of single and group of piles
18. Municipal Wastewater Engineering:

 Select the appropriate sewer appurtenances and materials in sewer network.
 Design the sewers network and understand the self-purification process in flowing water.
 Deisgn the varies physic- chemical treatment units
 Design the various biological treatment units
 Design various AOPs and low cost treatment unit
19. Surveying Practice:

 Apply the basic principles of engineering surveying and for linear and angular measurements.
 Comprehendeffectivelyfieldproceduresrequiredforaprofessionalsurveyor.
 Use techniques, skills and conventional surveying instruments necessary for Engineering
Practice.
20. Highway Engineering:

 Acquire the capability of proposing a new alignment or re-alignment of existing roads,
conduct necessary field investigation for generation of required data.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Evaluate the engineering properties of the materials and suggest the suitability of the same for
pavement construction.
 Design road geometrics, structural components of pavement and drainage.
 Evaluate the highway economics by few select methods and will have a basic knowledge of
various highway-financing concepts.
21. Concrete and Highway Materials Laboratory:

 Able to interpret the experimental results of concrete and highway materials based on
laboratory tests.
 Determine the quality and suitability of cement.
 Design appropriate concrete mix Using Professional codes.
 Determine strength and quality of concrete.
 Evaluate the strength of structural elements using NDT techniques.
 Test the soil for its suitability as sub grade soil for pavements.
22. Design of Steel Structural Elements:

 Possess knowledge of Steel Structures Advantages and Disadvantages of Steel structures,
steel code provisions and plastic behaviour of structural steel.
 Understand the Concept of Bolted and Welded connections.
 Understand the Concept of Design of compression members, built-up columns and columns
splices.
 Understand the Concept of Design of tension members, simple slab base and gusseted base.
 Understand the Concept of Design of laterally supported and un-supported steel beams.
23. Applied Geotechnical Engineering

 Ability to plan and execute geotechnical site investigation program for different civil
engineering projects
 Understanding of stress distribution and resulting settlement beneath the loaded footings on
sand and clayey soils
 Ability to estimate factor of safety against failure of slopes and to compute lateral pressure
distribution behind earth retaining structures

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Ability to determine bearing capacity of soil and achieve proficiency in proportioning shallow
isolated and combined footings for uniform bearing pressure
 Capable of estimating load carrying capacity of single and group of piles
24. Hydrology and Irrigation Engineering:

Students will be able to learn about
 Hydrological cycle, Precipitation and Evaporation
 Infiltration, Runoff estimation and hydrograph
 Types of crops, water requirement for crops.
 Irrigation structures viz, canals, reservoirs
 Canal alignments.
25. Water supply Engineering

 Selection of suitable sources for supply of water
 Design various pisici-chemical water treatment units
 Calculate the demand of the public and supply good quality of water
 Understand the nano technology and RO filtration
26. Software Application Laboratory:

 Analyse and design Structural Elements by STAAD.Pro/ ETABS.
 Project Management by using MSP/PREMIVERA Software.
 Development of Boundaries by using ARC Gis software.
 Design of Structural elements by Preparing Excel sheets.
 Develop calculation sheet for Super Elevation design.
27. Environmental Engineering Laboratory:

 Acquire capability to conduct experiments and estimate the concentration of different
parameters.
 Compare the result with standards and discuss based on the purpose of analysis.
 Determine type of treatment, degree of treatment for water and wastewater.
 Identify the parameter to be analyzed for the student project work in environmental stream.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. Extensive Survey project:

 New tank Project..
 Restoration tank Project/ Old tank Project.
 Town Planning and Layout Marking.
 Water Supply and Sanitary Design.
 New Highway Alignment.
29. Quality Surveying and Contract Management:

 Calculation of quantity.
 Prepare the specifications and analyze the rates for various items of work.
 Assess contract and tender documents for various construction works.
 Prepare valuation reports of buildings.
30. Design of RCC and Steel Structures:

Complete structural design of
 Combined footings.
 Retaining walls.
 Water tanks.
 Steel trusses.
 Steel girders.
31. Computer Aided Detailing of Structures

 Detail Drawings of Beam, Slab, Staircase, Retaining wall, Water Tank.
 Detailing of steel structures like Beam to beam connection by welded and bolted.
 Detailing of steel structures like Beam to column connection by welded and bolted.
 Detailing of Lacing and batten connection.
 Detailing of steel structures roof truss, Plate girder, Gantry girder.
32. Geotechnical Engineering Laboratory: :

 Physical and index properties of the soil
 Classify based on index properties and field identification

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 To determine OMC and MDD, plan and assess field compaction program
 Shear strength and consolidation parameters to assess strength and deformation characteristics
 In-sit shear strength characteristics (SPT-Demonstration)
33. Design of Pre-stressed Concrete:

 Stress analysis of PSC beams.
 Computation if pre stress losses.
 Computation of reflections in PSC beams.
 Design of PSC beams.
 Design of composite beams.
34. Bridge Engineering:

 Understand the load distribution and IRC standards.
 Design the slab and T beam bridges.
 Design Box culvert, pipe culvert.
 About bearings, hinges and expansion joints of Bridges.
 Design Piers and abutments.
35. Solid waste Management:

 Understand different elements of solid waste management from generation of solid waste to
disposal.
 Analyse different processing technologies and to study conversion of municipal solid waste to
compost.
 Evaluate landfill site and to study the sanitary landfill reactions.

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13. COMPLETE SET OF DRAWINGS OF A REAL PROJECT.

 Architectural Detailed Plan.
 Building 3D Elevation.
 Electrical Drawings.
 Plumbing Drawings.
 Sanitary Drawings.
 Structural Detailed Drawings.

KEY PLAN
1 D 2 E 3 F 4
14'-0" c/c 6'-9" c/c 11'-3" c/c
32'-9" o/o
9" 13'-3" 9" 6'-0" 9" 3'-1½" 4½" 7'-0" 9"
Floor drop
W4 by 1"
F
9"
9"
TD1 TD
1'-9"
11 13 15 17 19
SER.TOI
9"
LIFT LOFT
3'-1½" x 3'-0"
6'-9" c/c
STAIRCASE LOBBY 6'-0" x 6'-0" SER.ROOM

6'-0"
6'-6"
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 4'-1½" x 6'-0" KADAPPA SLAB Floor drop 7'-0" x 6'-6" W3
FOR SOAP NICHE TD1 by 1" Note:
09 UP S.NO SYMBOL SIZE DESCRIPTION
UTILITY 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
C 07 05 03 01 3'-1½"x3'-1½" COOKING
PLATFORM
C 1. MD 3'-6" x 7'-0" Main Door must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
E part by anyone without consent from us or be passed
9"
4½"
MD
2. BD 3'-0" x 7'-0" Bedroom Door
3"
to any individual or company not authorised by us.
TAP PROVISION 2. Any discrepancy in the drawing should be brought
FOR SINK 3. TD 2'-6" x 7'-0" Toilet Door to the immediate attention of the Architect
W3 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
1'-9" 4. TD1 2'-0" x 7'-0" Toilet Door 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
7'-7 1/2"
8'-6" c/c
LOFT ROOM be scaled

5. W3 3'-0" x 4'-0" Window
10'-6" x 7'-7½" 5.In case of any differences between architectural
6. W4 4'-0" x 4'-0" Window and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
BD architectural drawings are to be followed.
B +2'-0"lvl B DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
9"
06.04.2022 R1 REVISED UPTO DATE
PROJECT :
PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL
7'-9" c/c
43'-3" o/o
TITLE : BRICK WORK DRAWING -

STILT FLOOR PLAN
DRAWING NO: AC-AR-01

C DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
35'-9"
NAME
+1'-6"lvl Note:- SCALE/SHEET: N
DRWN -
Structural, Plumbing & Electrical CHKD -
related issue refer consultant dwgs NTS/A3
APPD -
10'-6" c/c
NOTES:- RELEASED FOR

1. Parking Lvl - +1'-6" Lvl
INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION
2. Finished Floor Lvl - +2'-0" Lvl
2. Default sill lvl is - +3'-0" lvl
4. Default lintel lvl is - +7'-0" lvl
5. Default Roof Ht is - +10'-6" lvl
B
5'-9" c/c
A A
8'-3"
A
9"
3'-3"
D E F
KEY PLAN
1 D 2 E 3 F 4
14'-0" c/c 6'-9" c/c 11'-3" c/c
32'-9" o/o
9" 13'-3" 9" 6'-0" 9" 10'-6" 9"
W4 W4
F
9"
9"
11 13 15 17 19 2'-3"
6'-9" c/c
STAIRCASE LOBBY LIFT

6'-0"
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 4'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'-0" x 6'-0"

Note:
10'-0"
09 UP S.NO SYMBOL SIZE DESCRIPTION 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
Floor 2"
C 07 05 03 01 raised BED ROOM C 1. MD 3'-6" x 7'-0" Main Door must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
9"
MD
10'-6" x 10'-0" 2. BD 3'-0" x 7'-0" Bedroom Door to any individual or company not authorised by us.
2. Any discrepancy in the drawing should be brought
3. TD 2'-6" x 7'-0" Toilet Door to the immediate attention of the Architect
W2
4½"
3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
4. PD 3'-0" x 7'-0" Pooja Door
+12'-6"lvl 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
8'-6" c/c
4½"
Balcony Door be scaled
9'-1 1/2"
Floor drop 5. BDD 4'-0" x 7'-0"

by 1" 5.In case of any differences between architectural
6. BD1 2'-6" x 7'-0" Balcony Door and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
KW4 KITCHEN TD architectural drawings are to be followed.
4'-6"
B RECEPTION V2 B 7. BD2 6'-0" x 7'-0" Balcony Door
9'-0" x 9'-1½" TOILET
1'-2 1/4"
DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
4½"
11'-0" x 8'-6" 7'-1½" x 4'-6" 8. W2 2'-0" x 4'-0" Window
4½"
D BD 9. W3 3'-0" x 4'-0" Window
KD 10. W4 4'-0" x 4'-0" Window
9"
5'-7 1/2" 11. W6 6'-0" x 4'-0" Window PROJECT :

LIVING / DINING
7'-9" c/c
MS Handrail Floor drop 25'-7½" x 10'-0" 12. KW3 3'-0" x 3'-0" Kitchen Window
to detail by 2" W6 13. FW 1'-3" x 5'-0" Fixed Window
43'-3" o/o
10'-0"
8'-3"
DECK 14. FW3 3'-0" x 6'-0" French Window TITLE : BRICK WORK DRAWING -
BDD FIRST FLOOR PLAN
15. V2 2'-0" x 2'-0" Ventilator
C 2'-0"
3'-0"
DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
POOJA
3'-3" NAME
SCALE/SHEET:
Note:- N
DRWN -
4½"
9"
Structural, Plumbing & Electrical CHKD -

related issue refer consultant dwgs NTS/A3
1'-0"
2'-0"
APPD -
10'-6" c/c
BD BD NOTES:- RELEASED FOR

W2 1. Finished Floor Lvl - +12'-6" Lvl
Floor drop Floor drop 2. Default sill lvl is - +3'-0" lvl
by 1" by 1" W2
TD TD 3. Kitchen sill lvl is - +4'-0" lvl
12'-10 1/2"
BED ROOM
12'-10½"
11'-0" x 12'-10½"
BED ROOM
B TOILET TOILET 10'-6" x 12'-10½"
4'-6" x 8'-6" 4'-1½" x 8'-6"
9"
5'-9" c/c
A W3 A
Floor drop Eq Eq 4½" Floor drop
by 2"
FW3 FW3 by 2"
A
9"
9"
9"
9"
9"
V2 V2
4" 1'-8"
BD1 BD1
1'-0" Duct Duct 1'-0" 3'-3"
Slab Slab Slab
BALCONY projection projection projection BALCONY
8'-0" x 3'-3" 4" 1'-2" 8'-0" x 3'-3"
MS Handrail 11'-0" 4'-6" 4'-1½" 10'-6" MS Handrail
to detail 9" 4½" 4½" 4½" 9" to detail
D E F
KEY PLAN
1 D 2 E 3 F 4
14'-0" c/c 6'-9" c/c 11'-3" c/c
32'-9" o/o
9" 13'-3" 9" 6'-0" 9" 10'-6" 9"
W4
F
9"
11 13 15 17 19 Handrail
DECK
8 3/4" 4'-4½"
to detail
10'-6" x 4'-4½"
6'-9" c/c

6'-0"
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 4'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'-0" x 6'-0"

Note:
09 UP S.NO SYMBOL SIZE DESCRIPTION
Floor 2" Eq BDD Floor drop Eq 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
C 07 05 03 01 raised by 1" C 1. MD 3'-6" x 7'-0" Main Door must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
9"
MD 2. BD 3'-0" x 7'-0" Bedroom Door to any individual or company not authorised by us.
STUDY 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
10'-6"
foldable door
4. PD 3'-0" x 7'-0" Pooja Door 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
KITCHEN 10'-6" x 10'-6"
8'-6" c/c
W4 4'-0" x 7'-0" Balcony Door be scaled

9'-1 1/2"
+23'-0"lvl 5. BDD
7'-6" x 9'-1½" 5.In case of any differences between architectural
6. BD1 2'-6" x 7'-0" Balcony Door and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
2'-1 3/4"
KW3 architectural drawings are to be followed.
B FAMILY LIVING B 7. BD2 6'-0" x 7'-0" Balcony Door
1'-9 1/4"

12'-6" x 15'-6" 8. W2 2'-0" x 4'-0" Window
4½"
D BD 9. W3 3'-0" x 4'-0" Window
4 1/2"
01 03 05 07 10. W4 4'-0" x 4'-0" Window

UP
11. W6 6'-0" x 4'-0" Window PROJECT :
7'-9" c/c
foldable door
09 12. KW3 3'-0" x 3'-0" Kitchen Window
STAIRCASE
7'-0"
7'-3" x 7'-0" 11 13. FW 1'-3" x 5'-0" Fixed Window
43'-3" o/o
W/R
5'-0" x 6'-4½" 14. FW3 3'-0" x 6'-0" French Window TITLE : BRICK WORK DRAWING -
15. V2 2'-0" x 2'-0" Ventilator SECOND FLOOR PLAN
19 17 15 13
4½"
C Floor drop
by 1" TOILET DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
BD 8'-0" x 4'-6" NAME
TD SCALE/SHEET:
4'-6"
Note:-
2'-6"
N
V2 DRWN -
BED ROOM Structural, Plumbing & Electrical
1'-3"
related issue refer consultant dwgs CHKD -
11'-0" x 15'-10½" NTS/A3
APPD -
NOTES:-
22'-3"
10'-6" c/c
4½"
W2 BD 1. Finished Floor Lvl - +23'-0" Lvl RELEASED FOR
2. Default sill lvl is - +3'-0" lvl
2'-0"
Floor drop 3. Kitchen sill lvl is - +4'-0" lvl

by 1"
TD
W2 5. Default Roof Ht is - +10'-6" lvl
TOILET
12'-10½"
5'-7½" x 10'-0"
B BED ROOM
4½"
13'-10½" x 11'-0"
5'-9" c/c
A W3 A
Floor drop 1'-3" dressing Floor drop
by 2" FW3 table FW3 by 2"
A
9"
9"
9"
9"
9"
4" 1'-8"
BD1 V2 V2 BD1
1'-0" Duct Duct 1'-0"
3'-3"
3'-3"
Slab Slab Slab
BALCONY projection projection projection BALCONY
8'-0" x 3'-3" 4" 1'-2" 8'-0" x 3'-3"
MS Handrail 11'-0" 5'-7½" 4½" 13'-10½" MS Handrail
to detail 9" 4½" 9" to detail
D E F
KEY PLAN
1 D 2 E 3 F 4
14'-0" c/c 6'-9" c/c 11'-3" c/c
32'-9" o/o
9" 13'-3" 9" 6'-0" 9" 10'-6" 9"
W4 W4
F
9"
9"
11 13 15 17 19 2'-0"
BED ROOM
10'-6" x 10'-0"
6'-9" c/c

6'-0"
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 4'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'-0" x 6'-0"

Note:
10'-0"
09 UP S.NO SYMBOL SIZE DESCRIPTION 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
Floor 2"
C 07 05 03 01 raised C 1. MD 3'-6" x 7'-0" Main Door must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
9"
MD 2. BD 3'-0" x 7'-0" Bedroom Door to any individual or company not authorised by us.
Eq
DECK 3. TD 2'-6" x 7'-0" Toilet Door to the immediate attention of the Architect
W2
3'-4½" x 4. PD 3'-0" x 7'-0" Pooja Door 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
9'-1½" LIVING 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
9"
8'-6" c/c
Floor drop
4½"
BD 5. BDD/FW2 8'-0" x 7'-0" Balcony Door be scaled
9'-1 1/2"
by 2" +33'-6"lvl 17'-0" X 15'-6" 5.In case of any differences between architectural
TD
Floor drop 6. BD1 2'-6" x 7'-0" Balcony Door and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
TOILET architectural drawings are to be followed.
4'-6"
by 1"
B BDD/FW2
7'-1½" x 4'-6"
V2 B 7. BD2 6'-0" x 7'-0" Balcony Door DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
Handrail
to detail 8. W2 2'-0" x 4'-0" Window
4½"
D 9. W3 3'-0" x 4'-0" Window
Eq
4 1/2"
01 03 05 07
Eq
10. W4 4'-0" x 4'-0" Window
Eq
FW W2 11. W6 6'-0" x 4'-0" Window PROJECT :

7'-9" c/c
09
foldable door
STAIRCASE 12. KW3 3'-0" x 3'-0" Kitchen Window
7'-0"
POOJA PD
6'-0"
5'-0" x 6'-0" 7'-3" x 7'-0" 13. FW 1'-3" x 5'-0" Fixed Window

11
43'-3" o/o
(DOUBLE HEIGHT) W2 14. FW2 2'-0" x 6'-0" French Window TITLE : BRICK WORK DRAWING -
FW DN
Eq
Eq
15. V2 2'-0" x 2'-0" Ventilator THIRD FLOOR PLAN
19 17 15 13
4½"
4½"
C DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
4½"
BD KD NAME
KW3 Note:- SCALE/SHEET: N
DRWN -
Structural, Plumbing & Electrical
W3 related issue refer consultant dwgs CHKD -
NTS/A3
NOTES:- APPD -
10'-6" c/c
1. Finished Floor Lvl - +33'-6" Lvl RELEASED FOR

11'-0"
11'-0"
KITCHEN
4'-3"
BED ROOM DINING FRIDGE 2. Default sill lvl is - +3'-0" lvl INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION
11'-0" x 11'-0" 10'-6" x 11'-0" 3. Kitchen sill lvl is - +4'-0" lvl

9'-0" x 11'-0"
partition wall 6" ht 4. Default lintel lvl is - +7'-0" lvl
KW3
Eq Floor drop Eq Floor drop
B by 2" by 1"
4½"
4½"
4½"
2'-0" 4'-0"
1'-3"
TD BD2
5'-9" c/c
2'-11"
TOILET
4'-6"
4'-6"
A 3'-0" x 4'-6" 7'-7½" x 4'-6" V2 A
W3 WASH
1'-3"
Floor drop 10'-6" x 4'-6" Floor drop

by 2" DECK FW3 by 2"
A 8'-7½" x 7'-4½"
9"
9"
9"
9"
BD1 BD1
2'-6"
1'-0" Handrail 1'-0"

3'-3"
3'-3"
3'-3"
Slab to detail Slab
BALCONY projection projection BALCONY
8'-0" x 3'-3" 8'0" x 3'3"
MS Handrail MS Handrail
to detail 9" 3'-0" 4½" 7'-7½" 4½" 9'-0" 4½" 10'-6" 9" to detail
D E F
KEY PLAN
1 D 2 E 3 F 4
14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3"
32'-9" o/o
9" 13'-3" 9" 6'-0" 9" 10'-6" 9"
8 3/4"
W4 W4
F
9"
11 13 15 17 19 2'-3"
1'-2 3/4"
DN
6'-9"
6'-0"
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 4'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'-0" x 6'-0" W3

Note:
09 S.NO SYMBOL SIZE DESCRIPTION 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
Threshold 6"
C 07 05 03 01 raised ROOM C 1. GD 3'-0" x 7'-0" -ill Door must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
9"
GD 10'-6" x 13'-3" 2. BD 3'-0" x 7'-0" Bedroom Door to any individual or company not authorised by us.
15'-3"
+44'-6"lvl 4. W3 3'-0" x 4'-0" Window 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
be scaled
8'-6"
+44'-0"lvl 5. W4 4'-0" x 4'-0" Window

8'-9"
5.In case of any differences between architectural

6. V2 2'-0" x 2'-0" Ventilator and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
10 3/4"
BD W3 architectural drawings are to be followed.
B B DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
SLOPE ROOF TO DETAIL KITCHENETTE

D
4½"
9"
DRIVER / V2 PROJECT :
SERVANT
5'-7½" x 8'-3"
7'-9"
6'-3"
SER.TOI
6'-0"
Open to Sky 4'-6" x 6'-3"

43'-3" o/o
BD TITLE : BRICK WORK DRAWING -

1'-2 3/4" TERRACE FLOOR PLAN
9"
C
9"
TD
W3 DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
SCALE/SHEET: NAME
Note:- N
DRWN -
NTS/A3
NOTES:- APPD -
1. Finished Floor Lvl - +44'-0" Lvl RELEASED FOR
2. Default sill lvl is - +3'-0" lvl INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION
3. Kitchen sill lvl is - +4'-0" lvl

OPEN TERRACE 5. Default Roof Ht is - +10'-6" lvl
19'-1 1/2"
18'-9"
A A
9"
9"
9" 6'-6" 9" 16'-9" 9" 6'-6" 9"
D E F
KEY PLAN
1 D 2 E 3 F
14'-0" 6'-9"
OHT (BORE WATER) OHT (METRO WATER)

6'6" x 6'0" x 6'0" 6'4½" x 6'0" x 6'0"
6500 lts., cap 6500 lts., cap
F
6'-9"
Note:
1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
C C must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
OPEN TERRACE 2. Any discrepancy in the drawing should be brought
to the immediate attention of the Architect
+54'-6"lvl 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
be scaled
and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
architectural drawings are to be followed.
B B DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
SLOPE ROOF TO DETAIL
PROJECT :
TITLE : BRICK WORK DRAWING -

ABOVE TERRACE FLOOR PLAN

DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
SCALE/SHEET: NAME
Note:- N
DRWN -
NTS/A3
APPD -
RELEASED FOR
LOW LEVEL TERRACE
A A
D E F
KEY PLAN
F E D C B A
6'-9" 8'-6" 7'-9" 10'-6" 5'-9"
½" SLOPE
WATER TANK SLAB TOP LVL plastering
1" 2" 2"

+64'-0" LVL border
¾
refer ¾¾
6'-6"
detail X Roofing as MASONRY WALL
per client plastering PLASTERING
requirement border
DETAIL - X
WATER TANK SLAB BOTTOM LVL
+57'-6" LVL refer
3'-0"
detail X
-20'-9" LVL -20'-9" LVL Note:
UPPER TERRACE LVL
+54'-6" LVL must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
Sunshade part by anyone without consent from us or be passed
-20'-9" LVL to any individual or company not authorised by us.
7'-0"
TERRACE FLOOR LINTEL LVL +0'-0" LVL
+51'-0" LVL 1'-6" to the immediate attention of the Architect
10'-6"
plastering plastering 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
BD border border 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
+0'-0" LVL
PARAPET LVL be scaled
+47'-6" LVL 5.In case of any differences between architectural
3'-6" refer
detail X and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
TERRACE FLOOR LVL DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
+44'-0" LVL
9" dia brick pillar
3'-6"
Sunshade
THIRD FLOOR LINTEL LVL

+40'-6" LVL brick pillar
10'-6"
FW FW W3 W3
BDD
PROJECT :
7'-0"
MS handrail
THIRD FLOOR LVL
+33'-6" LVL plastering
64'-0"
Sunshade border
3'-6"
Sunshade TITLE : WEST SIDE ELEVATION
SECOND FLOOR LINTEL LVL 9" dia brick pillar DRAWING NO: AC-AR-08
+30'-0" LVL 1'-6" DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
10'-6"
KW3 W2 W3
SCALE/SHEET: NAME
DRWN -
7'-0"
CHKD -
NTS/A3
APPD -
SECOND FLOOR LVL
+0'-0" LVL RELEASED FOR
1'4½"
+23'-0" LVL INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION
3'-6"
Sunshade
FIRST FLOOR LINTEL LVL 9" dia brick pillar

+19'-6" LVL
10'-6"
KW4 W2 W3
7'-0"
brick pillar
MS handrail
FIRST FLOOR LVL
6"
+12'-6" LVL +0'-0" LVL plastering
Sunshade border
3'-6"
6"
-OUND FLOOR LINTEL LVL
+9'-0" LVL 1'-6"
10'-6"
7'-0"
BD
FINISHED -OUND LVL

+2'0" LVL
2'-0"
ROAD LVL
+0.00 LVL
KEY PLAN
A B C D E F
5'-9" 10'-6" 7'-9" 8'-6" 6'-9"
½" SLOPE
1" 2" 2"

+64'-0" LVL border
¾
refer
6'-6"
¾¾
-18'-0" LVL detail X MASONRY WALL
plastering PLASTERING
border
DETAIL - X
+57'-6" LVL refer
3'-0"
detail X
Note:
UPPER TERRACE LVL +0'-0" LVL 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
Sunshade part by anyone without consent from us or be passed
Sunshade
7'-0"
TERRACE FLOOR LINTEL LVL
+51'-0" LVL 1'-6" to the immediate attention of the Architect
V2
10'-6"
plastering plastering 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
border border W3 W3 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
refer
3'-6"
detail X and structural drawings, the dimensions on the

+0'-0" LVL
+44'-0" LVL
3'-6"
Sunshade

+40'-6" LVL
V2
10'-6"
9" dia brick KW3 KW3 W2

pillar PROJECT :
7'-0"
W2
THIRD FLOOR LVL
+33'-6" LVL
W2
64'-0"
Sunshade
3'-6"
TITLE : EAST SIDE ELEVATION
SECOND FLOOR LINTEL LVL DRAWING NO: AC-AR-09

+30'-0" LVL 1'-6"
V2 DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
10'-6"
W2 W4
+0'-0" LVL SCALE/SHEET: NAME
DRWN -
7'-0"
CHKD -
NTS/A3
APPD -
SECOND FLOOR LVL
RELEASED FOR
3'-6"
Sunshade
FIRST FLOOR LINTEL LVL 9" dia brick

+19'-6" LVL pillar
V2
10'-6"
W2 W6 W2
7'-0"
FIRST FLOOR LVL

+12'-6" LVL +0'-0" LVL
Sunshade
3'-6"

+9'-0" LVL 1'-6"
10'-6"
W3 W3
7'-0"
FINISHED -OUND LVL

+2'0" LVL
2'-0"
ROAD LVL
+0.00 LVL
KEY PLAN
4 3 2 1
11'-3" 6'-9" 14'-0"
½" SLOPE
1" 2" 2"

+64'-0" LVL border
¾
refer
6'-6"
¾¾
detail X MASONRY WALL
plastering PLASTERING
border
+0'-0" LVL DETAIL - X
+57'-6" LVL refer
3'-0"
detail X Note:
UPPER TERRACE LVL
part by anyone without consent from us or be passed
Sunshade Sunshade
7'-0"
+51'-0" LVL to the immediate attention of the Architect
10'-6"
2'-0" 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
W4 W4 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
3'-6"
+44'-0" LVL
Sunshade
3'-6"
Sunshade

+40'-6" LVL 10'-6" 2'-0"
W4 W4
PROJECT :
7'-0"
+0'-0" LVL
THIRD FLOOR LVL

+33'-6" LVL
64'-0"
3'-6"
Sunshade TITLE : NORTH SIDE ELEVATION
SECOND FLOOR LINTEL LVL DRAWING NO: AC-AR-10

+30'-0" LVL
2'-0" DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
10'-6"
W4 SCALE/SHEET: NAME
BDD
DRWN -
7'-0"
CHKD -
MS handrail NTS/A3
APPD -
SECOND FLOOR LVL
RELEASED FOR
Sunshade
3'-6"
Sunshade
FIRST FLOOR LINTEL LVL

+19'-6" LVL 2'-0"
10'-6"
W4 W4
7'-0"
+0'-0" LVL
FIRST FLOOR LVL
+12'-6" LVL
3'-6"
Sunshade
Sunshade

+9'-0" LVL
2'-0"
10'-6"
W4
7'-0"
TD TD
FINISHED -OUND LVL

+2'0" LVL
2'-0"
ROAD LVL
+0.00 LVL
KEY PLAN
1 2 3 4
14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3"
plastering
border
½" SLOPE
WATER TANK SLAB TOP LVL
1" 2" 2"

+64'-0" LVL
refer
detail X ¾
6'-6"
¾¾
MASONRY WALL
-32'-6" LVL plastering PLASTERING
Roofing as border
per client DETAIL - X
WATER TANK SLAB BOTTOM LVL requirement
+57'-6" LVL refer
3'-0"
detail X Note:
-32'-6" LVL 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
UPPER TERRACE LVL
+54'-6" LVL -16'-3" LVL must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
1½" THICK
Sunshade
PLASTERING part by anyone without consent from us or be passed
1" 6"
6"
FFL MASONRY WALL
7'-0"
TERRACE FLOOR LINTEL LVL -17'-9" LVL
+51'-0" LVL 2'-0" ¾" THICK to the immediate attention of the Architect
10'-6"
PLASTERING 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
-16'-3" LVL GD W3 TD 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
6" 1"
1½" THICK
3'-6"
+0'-0" LVL PLASTERING and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
+3'-3" LVL +0'-0" LVL +3'-3" LVL architectural drawings are to be followed.
TERRACE FLOOR LVL
DETAIL - Y
+44'-0" LVL
3'-6"
+0'-0" LVL +0'-0" LVL
9" dia brick pillar
-4'-10½" LVL
+0'-0" LVL
+2'-0" LVL
+2'-0" LVL
+40'-6" LVL
10'-6" plastering
border
BD1 FW3 BD2 FW3 BD1
plastering PROJECT :
+0'-0" LVL
7'-0"
border
MS handrail
THIRD FLOOR LVL

+2'-1" LVL
+33'-6" LVL refer
+3'-3" LVL +3'-3" LVL
64'-0"
detail X Sunshade
3'-6"
TITLE : SOUTH SIDE ELEVATION

+0'-0" LVL +0'-0" LVL DRAWING NO: AC-AR-07
SECOND FLOOR LINTEL LVL
+30'-0" LVL 2'-0"
plastering V2 V2 DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
10'-6"
+0'-0" LVL
border
BD1 FW3 FW3 BD1 9" dia brick pillar
SCALE/SHEET: NAME
+0'-0" LVL DRWN -
7'-0"
+0'-0" LVL plastering CHKD -

NTS/A3
+2'-0" LVL
+2'-0" LVL
border MS handrail APPD -
plastering
SECOND FLOOR LVL
border RELEASED FOR
+3'-3" LVL refer +3'-3" LVL
3'-6"
detail Y
+0'-0" LVL plastering +0'-0" LVL
FIRST FLOOR LINTEL LVL border +0'-0" LVL
+19'-6" LVL
V2 V2
10'-6"
BD1 FW3 FW3 BD1 9" dia brick pillar

plastering
+0'-0" LVL
7'-0"
border
+0'-0" LVL
MS handrail
plastering
border
FIRST FLOOR LVL
+12'-6" LVL +2'-1" LVL +0'-9" LVL +2'-1" LVL plastering
+3'-3" LVL +3'-3" LVL border
3'-6"
+0'-0" LVL
Sunshade

+9'-0" LVL 2'-0"
10'-6"
7'-0"
MD -32'-6" LVL -24'-0" LVL
FINISHED -OUND LVL

+2'0" LVL
2'-0"
ROAD LVL
+0.00 LVL
KEY PLAN
1 2 3 4
14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3"
+64'-0" LVL
plastering refer
border detail X
6'-6"
plastering ½" SLOPE
1" 2" 2"

border
Roofing as
WATER TANK SLAB BOTTOM LVL per client ¾
+57'-6" LVL requirement refer ¾¾
3'-0"
detail X MASONRY WALL C C
PLASTERING
UPPER TERRACE LVL
Sunshade
3'-6"
Note:
+51'-0" LVL 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
10'-6"
must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
3'-6"
PARAPET LVL to any individual or company not authorised by us.
+47'-6" LVL 2. Any discrepancy in the drawing should be brought
3'-6"
3'-6"
weathering 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
TERRACE FLOOR LVL course 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
+44'-0" LVL be scaled
3'-6"
3'-6"
THIRD FLOOR LINTEL LVL architectural drawings are to be followed.
+40'-6" LVL
10'-6"
WASH Low height
partition wall
DECK
7'-0"
7'-0"
7'-0"
TOILET counter
top
3'-6"
2'-6"
THIRD FLOOR LVL PROJECT :
2"
+33'-6" LVL
64'-0"
3'-6"
3'-6"
Sunshade

+30'-0" LVL 2'-0"
10'-6"
4'-6"
TITLE : SECTION - 'A-A'
7'-0"

W/R BED ROOM TOILET BED ROOM
2'-6"
DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
NAME
6"
SECOND FLOOR LVL SCALE/SHEET:
+23'-0" LVL DRWN -
3'-6"
3'-6"
3'-6"
Sunken slab
CHKD -
NTS/A3
APPD -
10'-6"
4'-6"
7'-0"
7'-0"
2'-6"
BED ROOM TOILET TOILET
6" BED ROOM
1"
FIRST FLOOR LVL
+12'-6" LVL
3'-6"
Sunken slab
+9'-0" LVL
10'-6"
7'-0"
FINISHED -OUND LVL CAR PARKING CAR PARKING

+2'0" LVL
2'-0"
ROAD LVL
+0.00 LVL
KEY PLAN
1 2 3 4
14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3"
+64'-0" LVL
plastering refer B B
border detail X
6'-6"
½" SLOPE
1" 2" 2"

WATER TANK SLAB BOTTOM LVL Roofing as ¾
+57'-6" LVL per client ¾¾
3'-6"
3'-0"
requirement MASONRY WALL
weathering PLASTERING
UPPER TERRACE LVL
OPEN TERRACE course
2'-921"
3'-6"
Note:
4'-0"
10'-6"
3'-6"
7'-0"
PARAPET LVL
3'-0"
3'-6"
ROOM
TERRACE FLOOR LVL 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
4'-0"
3'-6"
3'-6"
Sunshade
+40'-6" LVL
2'-0"
2'-0" DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
10'-6"
7'-0"
7'-0"
SS handrail DECK TOILET
5'-0"
LIVING
+33'-6" LVL
64'-0"
3'-6"
3'-6"
3'-6"
Sunken slab
+30'-0" LVL
3'-0"
10'-6"
4'-0"
kitchen TITLE : SECTION - 'B-B'
7'-0"
7'-0"
KITCHEN platfrom STUDY
4'-0"
3'-0"
2'-6"
DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
FAMILY LIVING
SECOND FLOOR LVL SCALE/SHEET: NAME
+23'-0" LVL DRWN -
3'-6"
3'-6"
3'-6"
CHKD -
Sunshade NTS/A3
APPD -
2'-0"
2'-0"
3'-0"
10'-6"
kitchen
7'-0"
7'-0"
KITCHEN platfrom TOILET
5'-0"
4'-0"
2'-6"
RECEPTION
FIRST FLOOR LVL
+12'-6" LVL
3'-6"
3'-6"
Sunken slab
+9'-0" LVL
10'-6"
7'-0"
7'-0"
ROOM
FINISHED -OUND LVL CAR PARKING
6"
+2'0" LVL
2'-0"
ROAD LVL
+0.00 LVL
KEY PLAN
1 2 3 4
14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" C C

+64'-0" LVL
OHT (BORE WATER) OHT (METRO WATER)
6'-6"
6'-2"
½" SLOPE
1" 2" 2"

WATER TANK SLAB BOTTOM LVL ¾
+57'-6" LVL
¾¾
3'-6"
3'-0"
VOID MASONRY WALL
weathering PLASTERING
UPPER TERRACE LVL course
3'-0"
3'-6"
3'-6"
Sunshade
Note:
2'-0"
4'-0"
10'-6"
3'-6"
7'-0"
3'-0"
3'-6"
ROOM 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
TERRACE FLOOR LVL 19 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
17
4'-0"
3'-6"
3'-6"
15
THIRD FLOOR LINTEL LVL 13 architectural drawings are to be followed.
+40'-6" LVL
11 DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
10'-6"
4'-0"
09
07
7'-0"
7'-0"
634"
05
3'-0"
03
THIRD FLOOR LVL 01 BED ROOM
19 PROJECT :
+33'-6" LVL
64'-0"
17 PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL
3'-6"
3'-6"
3'-6"
15
SECOND FLOOR LINTEL LVL 13
+30'-0" LVL
11
10'-6"
09
TITLE : SECTION - 'C-C'
07
7'-0"
7'-0"
7'-0"
05 1021" DRAWING NO: AC-AR-13
03 DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
STUDY
SECOND FLOOR LVL 01 NAME
19 SCALE/SHEET:
+23'-0" LVL DRWN -
17
3'-6"
3'-6"
CHKD -
3'-6"
15 NTS/A3
APPD -
FIRST FLOOR LINTEL LVL 13
11
10'-6"
4'-0"
09
07
7'-0"
7'-0"
634"
05
3'-0"
03
BED ROOM
FIRST FLOOR LVL 01
19
+12'-6" LVL
17
3'-6"
3'-6"
3'-6"
15 Sunshade
-OUND FLOOR LINTEL LVL 13
+9'-0" LVL
11 2'-0"
10'-6"
09
07
7'-0"
7'-0"
7'-0"
05 1021"
03
01
SER.TOI SER.ROOM
FINISHED -OUND LVL
+2'0" LVL
2'-0"
ROAD LVL
+0.00 LVL
LIFT PIT
KEY PLAN
A B C D E F D
5'-9" 10'-6" 7'-9" 8'-6" 6'-9"

+64'-0" LVL
6'-6"
OHT ½" SLOPE
(BORE WATER)
1" 2" 2"

WATER TANK SLAB BOTTOM LVL ¾
+57'-6" LVL refer ¾¾
3'-0"
detail X MASONRY WALL
VOID PLASTERING
UPPER TERRACE LVL
+54'-6" LVL DETAIL - X D
3'-6"
Note:
10'-6"
3'-6"
+47'-6" LVL STAIRCASE 2. Any discrepancy in the drawing should be brought
HEADROOM to the immediate attention of the Architect
3'-6"
3'-6"
OPEN TERRACE
17
3'-6"
3'-6"
3'-6"
15 and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
9" Dia brick pillar
+40'-6" LVL
2'-0"
10'-6"
BALCONY
7'-0"
7'-0"
5'-0"
STAIRCASE
LIVING POOJA BED ROOM TOILET MS handrail
THIRD FLOOR LVL 19 PROJECT :
+33'-6" LVL
64'-0"
3'-6"
3'-6"
3'-6"
15
+30'-0" LVL
9" Dia brick pillar
10'-6"
TITLE : SECTION - 'D-D'
6'-0"
STAIRCASE KITCHEN W/R BED ROOM BALCONY
7'-0"
7'-0"
DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
MS handrail
3'-6" 1'-0"
SECOND FLOOR LVL SCALE/SHEET: NAME
19
+23'-0" LVL DRWN -
17
3'-6"
3'-6"
CHKD -
15 NTS/A3
APPD -
9" Dia brick pillar
10'-6"
6'-0"
STAIRCASE KITCHEN DECK POOJA BED ROOM BALCONY
7'-0"
7'-0"
MS handrail
1'-0"
FIRST FLOOR LVL 19
+12'-6" LVL
17
3'-6"
15
+9'-0" LVL
10'-6"
STAIRCASE
7'-0"

+2'0" LVL
2'-0"
ROAD LVL
+0.00 LVL
KEY PLAN
A B C D E F E
5'-9" 10'-6" 7'-9" 8'-6" 6'-9"
½" SLOPE
1" 2" 2"

¾"
¾"¾"
MASONRY WALL
PLASTERING
refer
detail X
DETAIL - X
UPPER TERRACE LVL
+54'-6" LVL
E
3'-6"
Note:
10'-6"
3'-6" plastering
1" 2"
1"
border
PARAPET LVL ¾" ¾" ROOF SLAB to any individual or company not authorised by us.
+47'-6" LVL ¾" 2. Any discrepancy in the drawing should be brought
9"
3'-6"
ROOF BEAM 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.

COVERED TERRACE OPEN TERRACE
17 MASONRY WALL
3'-6"
3'-6"
PLASTERING
15 9" Dia brick pillar and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
+40'-6" LVL brick pillar
10'-6"
7'-0"
7'-0"
LIVING DINING DECK
MS handrail
THIRD FLOOR LVL 19 PROJECT :
17 border PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL
3'-6"
3'-6"
15
+30'-0" LVL
2'-0"
9" Dia brick pillar
10'-6"
4'-0"
54'-6"
TITLE : SECTION - 'E-E'

7'-0"
7'-0"
5'-0"
3'-0"
DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
FAMILY LIVING BED ROOM
SECOND FLOOR LVL 19 SCALE/SHEET: NAME
+23'-0" LVL DRWN -
17 refer
3'-6"
3'-6"
3'-6"
detail Y CHKD -
15 NTS/A3
APPD -
2'-0"
9" Dia brick pillar
10'-6"
4'-0"
W6 INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION
7'-0"
7'-0"
brick pillar
5'-0"
3'-0"
FIRST FLOOR LVL RECEPTION LIVING / DINING TOILET

19
17 border
3'-6"
15
+9'-0" LVL
10'-6"
7'-0"

+2'0" LVL
2'-0"
ROAD LVL
+0.00 LVL
KEY PLAN
A B C D E F F
5'-9" 10'-6" 7'-9" 8'-6" 6'-9"
½" SLOPE
1" 2" 2"

¾
3'-0"
¾ ¾
MASONRY WALL
PLASTERING
UPPER TERRACE LVL
3'-6"
F
3'-6"
Note:
4'-0"
10'-6"
3'-6"
PARAPET LVL DRIVER / to any individual or company not authorised by us.
+47'-6" LVL ROOM SERVANT 2. Any discrepancy in the drawing should be brought
3'-0"
3'-6"
3'-6"
OPEN TERRACE
TERRACE FLOOR LVL 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
4'-0"
4'-0"
3'-6"
3'-6"
9" Dia brick pillar
+40'-6" LVL
2'-0"
10'-6"
STAIRCASE - 2
4'-0"
4'-0"
HEADROOM BALCONY
7'-0"
5'-0"
3'-0"
3'-0"
BED ROOM MS handrail
TOILET KITCHEN WASH
+33'-6" LVL
3'-6"
3'-6"
3'-6"
+30'-0" LVL
11
10'-6"
4'-0"
4'-0"
09
TITLE : SECTION - 'F-F'
07 BALCONY
7'-0"
05 DRAWING NO: AC-AR-16
3'-0"
3'-0"
03 DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
SS handrail DECK STUDY STAIRCASE - 2 TOILET BED ROOM MS handrail
01 NAME
SECOND FLOOR LVL SCALE/SHEET:
+23'-0" LVL DRWN -
3'-6"
3'-6"
3'-6"
3'-6"
CHKD -
NTS/A3
APPD -
2'-0" 9" Dia brick pillar
10'-6"
4'-0"
4'-0"
BALCONY
7'-0"
5'-0"
3'-0"
3'-0"
BED ROOM
BED ROOM MS handrail
FIRST FLOOR LVL TOILET
+12'-6" LVL
3'-6"
3'-6"

+9'-0" LVL
10'-6"
4'-0"
7'-0"
3'-0"
FINISHED -OUND LVL SER.ROOM ROOM

+2'0" LVL CAR PARKING
2'-0"
ROAD LVL
+0.00 LVL
KEY PLAN
generator
WL ELECTRICAL LEGEND
1*36 watts
Switch box @0.61M ht
tube light fitting
11 13 15 17 19
SER.TOI
WL Wall bracket light
3'-1½" x 3'-0" point at 2.28 FFL
STAIRCASE LIFT SER.ROOM Ceiling light
32A DP Switch for
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0" 7'-0" x 6'-6" WL

AC @ 1.37 FFL
WL Fan regulator Note:

UP LOBBY
Mirror light
09 UTILITY 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
07 05 03 01 4'1½" x 6'0" 3'-1½"x3'-1½" Foot lamp
Telephone socket must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
MB
change
DB to any individual or company not authorised by us.
Calling bell switch
over
Ceiling fan to the immediate attention of the Architect
Calling bell 3.All dimensions are in Feet and inches.
Trench /
WL 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
hume pipe LOFT ROOM WL
Exhaust fan Chandiler be scaled
10'-6" x 7'-7½" WL
6A -Switched socket Main board and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
MB DB
Distribution board architectural drawings are to be followed.
HEAVY DUTY 16A -Switched socket D Data point
SOCKET
Notes:
1. This drawing is for Internal Electrical arrangement details only.
HEAVY DUTY 06.04.2022 R1 REVISED UPTO DATE
SOCKET 2. This Drawing should beCo-ordinated with other service like
PROJECT :
Structural, Plumbing etc., any discrpency kindly brought to
notice of the consultant.
3. 15A power plug wiring should not be combined with light
point & circuit wirings.
4. Wiring for Incoming lighting switch board and power point TITLE : ELECTRICAL DRAWING -
should not be combined. STILT FLOOR PLAN
5. Not more than two circuit wiring can run in a conduit. DRAWING NO: AC-ELE-01
6. Connected load per circuit should not exceed DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
800 Watts and limited to 10 points. NAME
SCALE/SHEET: N
7. All the PVC conduits should be of approved make with a DRWN -
minimum thickness of 2mm. CHKD -
NTS/A3
8. GI fish wire shall be provided in all the conduits. APPD -
9. Wiring should be done as per loop in and loop out system. RELEASED FOR
10. Neutral wire jointing shall be used for 'B' type connector in INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION
junction boxes.
WL 11. 25mm, 20mmØ PVC Conduits shall be provided separately
WL
for Lighting, power &Telephone points .
12. Not more than 2 Nos. Light Point shall be controlled by
1 No. of 6A one way Switch
13. Required section detail dwg. of staircase & lift shaft for
conduiting. Only 1 no. 25 mm dia conduit given from each
LDB to intermediate switch.
14. TV points are only connected to each other
by 1 no. 25 mm dia PVC conduit.Source will
be decided as per site condition.
15. For Sunken details refer Corresponding Structural Drawings
16. Before execution obtain approval from consultant/Engineer
incha-e to finalize the distance/Position of light/Power
points from the respective wall/ceiling.
KEY PLAN
ELECTRICAL LEGEND
1*36 watts
AC tube light fitting
11 13 15 17 19
LOBBY Wall bracket light Switch box @1.37M ht
4'1½" x 6'0" point at 2.28 FFL
STAIRCASE LIFT Ceiling light
32A DP Switch for
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0" 2'-6" 5'-0" AC @ 1.37 FFL
provision for hook Mirror light Fan regulator Note:

09 UP TV E
WL 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
07 05 03 01 E Foot lamp
BED ROOM to any individual or company not authorised by us.
3'-0 1/2"
DB Calling bell switch

MIX -L MW WL 2. Any discrepancy in the drawing should be brought
AQ 10'6" x 10'0" Ceiling fan to the immediate attention of the Architect
CH Calling bell 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
E 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
NL
E E 5.In case of any differences between architectural
3'-0"
EF
WL TOILET 6A -Switched socket Main board and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
KITCHEN EF MB DB
Distribution board
E 7'1½" x 4'6" architectural drawings are to be followed.
9'0" x 9'1½" RECEPTION CL DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
16A -Switched socket D Data point
11'0" x 8'6"
ML GEY
FRIDGE
WL
Notes:
E TV 1. This drawing is for Internal Electrical arrangement details only.
provision for hook 2. This Drawing should beCo-ordinated with other service like
PROJECT :
2'-0"

eq eq
LIVING / DINING PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL
notice of the consultant.
25'7½" x 10'0"
DECK
2'-6"
WL E E point & circuit wirings.

WL 4. Wiring for Incoming lighting switch board and power point TITLE : ELECTRICAL DRAWING -
should not be combined. FIRSTT FLOOR PLAN
AC
PROVISION
POOJA
FOR 6. Connected load per circuit should not exceed DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
INVENTOR 800 Watts and limited to 10 points. NAME
SCALE/SHEET: N
WL 7. All the PVC conduits should be of approved make with a DRWN -
NTS/A3
NL
NL junction boxes.
BED ROOM 11. 25mm, 20mmØ PVC Conduits shall be provided separately
11'0" x 12'10½" for Lighting, power &Telephone points .
5'-0" 2'-0" TV 2'-6" 5'-0" 12. Not more than 2 Nos. Light Point shall be controlled by
E E TV
provision for hook provision for hook 1 No. of 6A one way Switch
WL ML ML
E E 13. Required section detail dwg. of staircase & lift shaft for
CL E E WL conduiting. Only 1 no. 25 mm dia conduit given from each
CL
WL WL 2W LDB to intermediate switch.
BED ROOM 2W 14. TV points are only connected to each other
TOILET TOILET 10'6" x 12'10½" by 1 no. 25 mm dia PVC conduit.Source will
4'6" x 8'6" 4'1½" x 8'6"
AC GEY GEY AC 15. For Sunken details refer Corresponding Structural Drawings
EF EF
2'-6" 2'-3" Duct Duct 2'-3" 2'-6"
BALCONY points from the respective wall/ceiling.
provision for hook provision for hook BALCONY
8'0" x 3'3" 8'0" x 3'3"
KEY PLAN
ELECTRICAL LEGEND
1*36 watts
DECK
eq
tube light fitting
11 13 15 17 19
3'-6" 3'-6" 10'6" x 4'4½"
provision for hook Wall bracket light Switch box @1.37M ht
point at 2.28 FFL
STAIRCASE LIFT
eq
Ceiling light 32A DP Switch for
WL
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0" AC @ 1.37 FFL
Mirror light Fan regulator Note:

09 UP LOBBY AC 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
07 05 03 01 4'1½" x 6'0" Foot lamp Telephone socket must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
WL 2. Any discrepancy in the drawing should be brought
MIX -L
3'-0"
AQ MW 2'-9" 5'-0" Ceiling fan to the immediate attention of the Architect

CH provision for hook STUDY Calling bell 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
foldable door
KITCHEN 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
7'6" x 9'1½" 10'6" x 10'6" Exhaust fan Chandiler be scaled
3'-0"
EF
MB DB
AC
WL
WL FAMILY LIVING Notes:
12'6" x 15'6" 01 03 05 07 1. This drawing is for Internal Electrical arrangement details only.
UP 2. This Drawing should beCo-ordinated with other service like
TO LIGHT AT PROJECT :
UPPER FLOOR Structural, Plumbing etc., any discrpency kindly brought to
foldable door
09 notice of the consultant.
STAIRCASE WL
7'-3" x 7'-0" 11 3. 15A power plug wiring should not be combined with light
point & circuit wirings.
4. Wiring for Incoming lighting switch board and power point TITLE : ELECTRICAL DRAWING -
W/R TV should not be combined. SECOND FLOOR PLAN
5'0" x 6'4½" 19 17 15 13 5. Not more than two circuit wiring can run in a conduit. DRAWING NO: AC-ELE-03
WL 6. Connected load per circuit should not exceed DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
TOILET 800 Watts and limited to 10 points. NAME
8'0" x 4'6" EF 7. All the PVC conduits should be of approved make with a
SCALE/SHEET: N
DRWN -
CL minimum thickness of 2mm. CHKD -
BED ROOM GEY NTS/A3
ML 8. GI fish wire shall be provided in all the conduits. APPD -
11'0" x 15'10½" 9. Wiring should be done as per loop in and loop out system. RELEASED FOR
NL
junction boxes.
5'-0" 3'-3" 11. 25mm, 20mmØ PVC Conduits shall be provided separately
provision for hook for Lighting, power &Telephone points .
ML
TOILET 12. Not more than 2 Nos. Light Point shall be controlled by
E
5'7½" x 10'0" 4'-6" 5'-0" 1 No. of 6A one way Switch
WL TV WL provision for hook
CL
TV conduiting. Only 1 no. 25 mm dia conduit given from each
WL LDB to intermediate switch.
BED ROOM 14. TV points are only connected to each other
13'10½" x 11'0" by 1 no. 25 mm dia PVC conduit.Source will
AC GEY
dressing AC 15. For Sunken details refer Corresponding Structural Drawings
table
EF
2'-6" 2'-3" Duct Duct 2'-3" 2'-6"
provision for hook
BALCONY provision for hook BALCONY
8'0" x 3'3" 8'0" x 3'3"
KEY PLAN
ELECTRICAL LEGEND
1*36 watts
11 13 15 17 19 AC tube light fitting
Wall bracket light Switch box @1.37M ht

point at 2.28 FFL
32A DP Switch for
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0" 2'-6" 5'-0" AC @ 1.37 FFL
BED ROOM
provision for hook
UP LOBBY
Mirror light Fan regulator Note:
09 TV
4'1½" x 6'0" 10'6" x 10'0"WL 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
07 05 03 01 Foot lamp
DECK TV
Ceiling fan
3'4½" x to the immediate attention of the Architect
9'1½" Calling bell 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
LIVING NL 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
provision for hook
be scaled
17'0" X 15'6" Exhaust fan Chandiler
WL WL 6A -Switched socket Main board and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
provision for swing hook TOILET EF MB DB
CL 7'1½" x 4'6" 16A -Switched socket Data point
D
AC ML GEY
Notes:
01 03 05 07 1. This drawing is for Internal Electrical arrangement details only.
2. This Drawing should beCo-ordinated with other service like
PROJECT :
STAIRCASE notice of the consultant.
POOJA
7'-3" x 7'-0" 3. 15A power plug wiring should not be combined with light
5'0" x 6'0" 11 point & circuit wirings.
(DOUBLE HEIGHT) 4. Wiring for Incoming lighting switch board and power point TITLE : ELECTRICAL DRAWING -
DN should not be combined. THIRD FLOOR PLAN
19 17 15 13 5. Not more than two circuit wiring can run in a conduit. DRAWING NO: AC-ELE-04
MW 6. Connected load per circuit should not exceed DATE : XX.XX.XXXX

-L MIX
800 Watts and limited to 10 points. NAME
SCALE/SHEET: N
BED ROOM DINING minimum thickness of 2mm.

NTS/A3
CHKD -
9'0" x 11'0" 8. GI fish wire shall be provided in all the conduits. APPD -
11'0" x 11'0"
5'-0" 3'-0" 9. Wiring should be done as per loop in and loop out system. RELEASED FOR
TV KITCHEN CH 10. Neutral wire jointing shall be used for 'B' type connector in
provision for hook FRIDGE INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION
10'6" x 11'0" junction boxes.
11. 25mm, 20mmØ PVC Conduits shall be provided separately
partition wall 6" ht for Lighting, power &Telephone points .
AQ 13. Required section detail dwg. of staircase & lift shaft for
WL
3'0" x 4'6" 14. TV points are only connected to each other
3'-6"
TOILET by 1 no. 25 mm dia PVC conduit.Source will

7'7½" x 4'6" 2'-0" WASH
2'-0" provision for hook 10'6" x 4'6" be decided as per site condition.
DECK incha-e to finalize the distance/Position of light/Power
2'-6" 2'-3" 2'-3" 2'-6"
8'7½" x 7'4½" points from the respective wall/ceiling.
BALCONY provision for hook provision for hook BALCONY
8'0" x 3'3" 8'0" x 3'3"
KEY PLAN
ELECTRICAL LEGEND
1*36 watts
AC tube light fitting
11 13 15 17 19
Wall bracket light
DN point at 2.28 FFL

32A DP Switch for
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0" ROOM AC @ 1.37 FFL
LOBBY 10'6" x 13'3" Mirror light Fan regulator Note:

09 TV
07 05 03 01 4'1½" x 6'0" Telephone socket must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
Foot lamp
WL to any individual or company not authorised by us.
WL 2. Any discrepancy in the drawing should be brought
Ceiling fan to the immediate attention of the Architect
Calling bell 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
WL MB DB
SLOPE ROOF TO DETAIL WL KITCHENETTE Notes:

DRIVER /
SERVANT 1. This drawing is for Internal Electrical arrangement details only.
5'7½" x 8'3" 2. This Drawing should beCo-ordinated with other service like
PROJECT :
Open to Sky notice of the consultant.
SER.TOI point & circuit wirings.
control from WL 4'6" x 6'3"
3rd floor 4. Wiring for Incoming lighting switch board and power point TITLE : ELECTRICAL DRAWING -
should not be combined. TERRACE FLOOR PLAN
6. Connected load per circuit should not exceed DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
WL
WL 800 Watts and limited to 10 points. NAME
SCALE/SHEET: N
NTS/A3
junction boxes.
11. 25mm, 20mmØ PVC Conduits shall be provided separately
OPEN TERRACE for Lighting, power &Telephone points .
14. TV points are only connected to each other
by 1 no. 25 mm dia PVC conduit.Source will
KEY PLAN
generator
11 13 15 17 19
STAIRCASE LIFT
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0"
SER.TOI Note:
09 UP LOBBY 4'1½" x 6'0" SER.ROOM 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
07 05 03 01 4'1½" x 6'0" 6'0" x 6'0" must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
3.All dimensions are in Feet and inches.
be scaled
ROOM architectural drawings are to be followed.
10'6" x 8'1½"
PROJECT :
TITLE : WATER SUPPLY DRAWING -

STILT FLOOR PLAN
DRAWING NO: AC-WS-01

DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
SCALE/SHEET: NAME
N
DRWN -
CHKD -
NTS/A3
APPD -
RELEASED FOR
KEY PLAN
11 13 15 17 19
LOBBY
4'1½" x 6'0"
STAIRCASE LIFT
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0"
Note:
09 UP 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
07 05 03 01 must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
10'6" x 10'0" to the immediate attention of the Architect
be scaled
TOILET and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
KITCHEN 7'1½" x 4'6" architectural drawings are to be followed.
9'0" x 9'1½" RECEPTION DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
11'0" x 8'6"
PROJECT :
LIVING / DINING PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL
DECK 25'7½" x 10'0"

FIRSTT FLOOR PLAN

POOJA
DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
SCALE/SHEET: NAME
N
DRWN -
CHKD -
NTS/A3
APPD -
RELEASED FOR
BED ROOM
11'0" x 12'10½"
BED ROOM
10'6" x 12'10½"
TOILET TOILET
4'6" x 8'6" 4'1½" x 8'6"
Duct Duct
BALCONY BALCONY
8'0" x 3'3" 8'0" x 3'3"
KEY PLAN
11 13 15 17 19 DECK
10'6" x 4'4½"
STAIRCASE LIFT
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0"
Note:
09 UP LOBBY 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
07 05 03 01 4'1½" x 6'0" must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
foldable door
KITCHEN 10'6" x 10'6" be scaled
7'6" x 9'1½" 5.In case of any differences between architectural
FAMILY LIVING
12'6" x 15'6" 01 03 05 07
UP
PROJECT :
foldable door
09
STAIRCASE
7'-3" x 7'-0" 11
W/R SECOND FLOOR PLAN
5'0" x 6'4½" 19 17 15 13 DRAWING NO: AC-WS-03
DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
TOILET
NAME
8'0" x 4'6" SCALE/SHEET: N
DRWN -
CHKD -
BED ROOM NTS/A3
APPD -
11'0" x 15'10½"
RELEASED FOR
TOILET
5'7½" x 10'0"
BED ROOM
13'10½" x 11'0"
dressing
table
Duct Duct
BALCONY BALCONY
8'0" x 3'3" 8'0" x 3'3"
KEY PLAN
11 13 15 17 19
STAIRCASE LIFT
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0" BED ROOM
UP LOBBY 10'6" x 10'0" Note:
09 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
DECK to the immediate attention of the Architect
3'4½" x 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
9'1½" LIVING 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
be scaled
17'0" X 15'6" 5.In case of any differences between architectural
7'1½" x 4'6" DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
01 03 05 07
PROJECT :
POOJA STAIRCASE
5'0" x 6'0" 7'-3" x 7'-0"
11
(DOUBLE HEIGHT)
DN THIRD FLOOR PLAN
19 17 15 13 DRAWING NO: AC-WS-04
DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
SCALE/SHEET: NAME
N
DRWN -
DINING NTS/A3
CHKD -
BED ROOM 9'0" x 11'0" APPD -
11'0" x 11'0" RELEASED FOR
KITCHEN
FRIDGE INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION
10'6" x 11'0"
partition wall 6" ht
3'0" x 4'6"
TOILET
7'7½" x 4'6" WASH
10'6" x 4'6"
DECK
BALCONY 8'7½" x 7'4½" BALCONY
8'0" x 3'3" 8'0" x 3'3"
KEY PLAN
11 13 15 17 19
DN
STAIRCASE LIFT
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0" ROOM
LOBBY 10'6" x 13'3" Note:
be scaled

DRIVER /
SERVANT
5'7½" x 8'3"
PROJECT :
Open to Sky PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL
SER.TOI
4'6" x 6'3" TITLE : WATER SUPPLY DRAWING -
TERRACE FLOOR PLAN

DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
SCALE/SHEET: NAME
N
DRWN -
CHKD -
NTS/A3
APPD -
RELEASED FOR
OPEN TERRACE
KEY PLAN
generator
IL:+0'-2" IL:+0'-1"
IL:+0'-0"
IC-06 IC-05
2'-0"
IL:+0'-3"
11 13 15 17 19
FT
STAIRCASE LIFT
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0"
SER.TOI Note:
2'-3" 09 UP LOBBY 4'1½" x 6'0" SER.ROOM 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
07 05 03 01 4'1½" x 6'0" FT 6'0" x 6'0" must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
IL:+0'-4" part by anyone without consent from us or be passed
IC-07 to the immediate attention of the Architect
3.All dimensions are in Feet and inches.
LEGEND:- 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
IL:+0'-5" IL:+0'-0" be scaled
SP - SOIL PIPE 5.In case of any differences between architectural
GT-03 and structural drawings, the dimensions on the
IC-01 WP - WASTE PIPE
ROOM architectural drawings are to be followed.
10'6" x 8'1½" RWC - RAIN WATER CHAMBER DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
IL:+0'-1"
GT - GULLY TRAP
GT-01 MH - MANHOLE
- 40Ø RIGID PVC PIPE
(6KG/cm )
CH-03 PROJECT :
2'-0"DIAMETER x 4'-0"DEEPTH 2'-0"DIAMETER x 4'-0"DEEPTH - 50Ø RIGID PVC PIPE
(6KG/cm ) PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL
SOIL WATER CHOKE PIT SOIL WATER CHOKE PIT
CH-01 - 75Ø WASTE PIPE
- 110Ø SOIL PIPE
- 110Ø RAIN WATER PIPE TITLE : SANITORY DRAWING -
STILT FLOOR PLAN
- 100Ø STONEWARE PIPE
DRAWING NO: AC-SA-01
IMPORTANT NOTE: DATE : 26.03.22

IL:+0'-1" 1. IL LEVLE MENTIONED IN THE DRAWING BASE VALUE NAME
IL:+0'-6" CONSIDER IS +0.00LVL SCALE/SHEET: N
DRWN -
2. EXACT LOCATION MARKING HAS TO BE DONE AT SITE
1'-9" AND SAME SHALL BE APPROVED BY CLIENT,ARCHITECT
NTS/A3
CHKD -
IC-08 3. IL LEVEL MENTIONED IN THE DRAWING IS INDICATIVE APPD -
IC-02 ONLY ACTUAL SHALL BE AS PER SITE CONDITION
RELEASED FOR
IL:+0'-7" IL:+0'-2" INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION
DESCRIPTION LENGTH WIDTH
2'-3" IC-01 to 09 1'-6" 1'-6"
GT-01, 02 & 03 1'-0" 1'-0"
RWC-01 & 02 1'-6" 1'-6"
NOTES:-
1. THIS DRAWING SHALL BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH LATEST ARCHITECTURAL,STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS
2. ALL SOIL AND WASTE PIPES SHALL BE uPVC SWR PIPES CONFIRMING TO IS. 13592-1992. (TYPE B)
3. ALL SANITARY PIPE LINES LESS THAN 75mm DIA SHALL BE RIGID PVC PIPES.
4. ALL FITTINGS LIKE BENDS, TEES ETC. IN DUCT FOR SOIL AND WASTE PIPE SHALL BEPROVIDED WITH DOORS.
5. MANHOLE SIZE SHALL BE AS FOLLOWS UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.
IF THE INVERT LEVEL OF MANHOLE FROM THE FORMED -OUND LEVEL IS
a. LESS THAN 2'-6" - PROVIDE INSPECTION CHAMBER (2'-0" x 2'-0") INSIDE DIMENSIONS.
b. BETWEEN 2'-6" TO 3'-3" - PROVIDE SQUARE MANHOLE (2'-6"x2'-6") INSIDE DIMENSIONS.
c. BETWEEN 3'-3" TO 8'-0"M - PROVIDE RECTANGULAR MANHOLE (4'-0" x 3'-0") INSIDE DIMENSIONS.
IL:+0'-8" IL:+0'-6" IL:+0'-5" IL:+0'-3" 6. STONEWARE PIPE SHALL BE AS PER IS. 651-1992.
7. THIS DRAWING SHALL BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH EXTERNAL SEWER ALIGNMENT DRAWING
2'-3" 1'-9"
IC-09 IC-04 IC-03
GT-02
2'-0" DIAMETER x 4'-0" DEEPTH IL:+0'-4"
IL:+0'-9" SOIL WATER CHOKE PIT CH-02
2'-0"DIAMETER x 4'-0"DEEPTH
SOIL WATER CHOKE PIT
TO CORPORATION OVER FLOWPIPE
KEY PLAN
11 13 15 17 19
LOBBY
4'1½" x 6'0"
STAIRCASE LIFT
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0"
Note:
09 UP 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
07 05 03 01 LEGEND:- must not be reproduced or altered either in full or in
SP - SOIL PIPE
FT WP - WASTE PIPE 2. Any discrepancy in the drawing should be brought
10'6" x 10'0" to the immediate attention of the Architect
RWC - RAIN WATER CHAMBER 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
GT - GULLY TRAP 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
be scaled
MH - MANHOLE 5.In case of any differences between architectural
TOILET - 40Ø RIGID PVC PIPE
KITCHEN 7'1½" x 4'6" (6KG/cm )
9'0" x 9'1½" RECEPTION 75Ø WP
- 50Ø RIGID PVC PIPE
11'0" x 8'6" 110Ø SP
(6KG/cm )
FT
FT - 75Ø WASTE PIPE
FT - 110Ø SOIL PIPE
- 110Ø RAIN WATER PIPE PROJECT :
Ø75 PIPE FOR
RAIN WATER LIVING / DINING - 100Ø STONEWARE PIPE PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL
DECK 25'7½" x 10'0"
TITLE : SANITORY DRAWING -

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

NOTES:-
POOJA
DATE : 11.04.22
1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN FEET AND INCHES UNLESS STATED OTHERWISE. SCALE/SHEET: N
NAME
2. THIS DRAWING SHALL NOT BE SCALED. ONLY WRITTEN DIMENSIONS TO BE FOLLOWED. DRWN -
3. THIS DRAWING SHALL BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH LATEST ARCHITECTURAL & CHKD -
NTS/A3
APPD -
STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS.
RELEASED FOR
4. ALL SOIL AND WASTE PIPES SHALL BE uPVC SWR PIPES CONFIRMING TO
IS. 13592-1992. (TYPE B)
5. ALL SANITARY PIPE LINES LESS THAN 75mm DIA SHALL BE RIGID PVC PIPES.
BED ROOM 6. ALL FITTINGS LIKE BENDS, TEES ETC. IN DUCT FOR SOIL AND WASTE PIPE SHALL BE
11'0" x 12'10½" PROVIDED WITH DOORS.
7. THIS DRAWING SHALL BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH EXTERNAL SEWER
FT FT BED ROOM ALIGNMENT DRAWING
10'6" x 12'10½"
TOILET TOILET
4'6" x 8'6" 4'1½" x 8'6"
FT
FT
75Ø WP 110Ø SP 110Ø SP 110Ø RWP

75Ø WP
Duct Duct
BALCONY Ø75 PIPE FOR
RAIN WATER
Ø75 PIPE FOR
RAIN WATER
BALCONY
8'0" x 3'3" 8'0" x 3'3"
KEY PLAN
11 13 15 17 19 DECK
10'6" x 4'4½"
STAIRCASE LIFT
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0"
Note:
09 UP LOBBY 1.This drawing is sole property of 'AR QUBEZ' and
foldable door
KITCHEN 10'6" x 10'6" be scaled
7'6" x 9'1½" 5.In case of any differences between architectural
FAMILY LIVING
12'6" x 15'6" 01 03 05 07
UP
PROJECT :
foldable door
09
STAIRCASE
7'-3" x 7'-0" 11
W/R SECOND FLOOR PLAN
5'0" x 6'4½" 19 17 15 13
DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
TOILET
NAME
8'0" x 4'6" SCALE/SHEET: N
DRWN -
CHKD -
BED ROOM NTS/A3
APPD -
11'0" x 15'10½"
RELEASED FOR
TOILET
5'7½" x 10'0"
BED ROOM
13'10½" x 11'0"
dressing
table
Duct Duct
BALCONY BALCONY
8'0" x 3'3" 8'0" x 3'3"
KEY PLAN
11 13 15 17 19
STAIRCASE LIFT
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0" BED ROOM
UP LOBBY 10'6" x 10'0" Note:
DECK to the immediate attention of the Architect
3'4½" x 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
9'1½" LIVING 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
be scaled
17'0" X 15'6" 5.In case of any differences between architectural
7'1½" x 4'6" DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
01 03 05 07
PROJECT :
POOJA STAIRCASE
5'0" x 6'0" 7'-3" x 7'-0"
11
(DOUBLE HEIGHT)
DN THIRD FLOOR PLAN
19 17 15 13 DRAWING NO: AC-SA-04
DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
SCALE/SHEET: NAME
N
DRWN -
DINING NTS/A3
CHKD -
BED ROOM 9'0" x 11'0" APPD -
11'0" x 11'0" RELEASED FOR
KITCHEN
FRIDGE INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION
10'6" x 11'0"
partition wall 6" ht
3'0" x 4'6"
TOILET
7'7½" x 4'6" WASH
10'6" x 4'6"
DECK
BALCONY 8'7½" x 7'4½" BALCONY
8'0" x 3'3" 8'0" x 3'3"
KEY PLAN
11 13 15 17 19
DN
STAIRCASE LIFT
9'-1½" x 6'-0" 6'0" x 6'0" ROOM
LOBBY 10'6" x 13'3" Note:
be scaled

DRIVER /
SERVANT
5'7½" x 8'3"
PROJECT :
Open to Sky PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL
SER.TOI
4'6" x 6'3" TITLE : SANITORY DRAWING -
TERRACE FLOOR PLAN

DATE : XX.XX.XXXX
SCALE/SHEET: NAME
N
DRWN -
CHKD -
NTS/A3
APPD -
RELEASED FOR
OPEN TERRACE
STRUCTURAL DRAWING
2
NOTES SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NGL NATURAL -OUND LEVEL
#10 @ 5" C/C 3' Ld 1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN FT-IN

7.5'' 2. REFER RELEVANT ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING
[TYP] MID-LANDING 3. -ADE OF CONCRETE M-25
MID-LANDING BEAM 11"
[TYP]
BEAM
4. -ADE OF STEEL SHALL BE FE-550D
#10 @ 5" C/C 5. SBC OF SOIL IS TAKEN AS PER SOIL REPORT
3' # 10 @ 5" C/C

6. CLEAR COVER FOR
Ld FOOTINGS = 2"
TREAD = 11'
COLUMNS = 1.5"
RISER = 7.5"
# 8 @ 6" C/C BEAMS = 1"
WAIST SLAB= 6"
SLAB = 3/4"
PLINTH
BEAM 7. DISTRIBUTION STEEL #8 @ 9" C/C UON
SECTION "1-1"
8. STRUCTURE IS BEING DESIGNED FOR
REFER SLAB DETAIL STILT + 3 FLOORS

" d DRAWING
2'-6 L 9. IF ANY DOUBT SHOULD BE BROUGHT TO
#10 @ 5" C/C
THE NOTICE OF CONSULTANT
PLINTH BEAM & 11" ROOF
BEAM
[TYP]
ROOF BEAM 7.5''
[TYP]
1
2 #10 @ 5" C/C

'' #8 @ 6" C/C
2'-6 TITLE
WALL Ld #10 @ 5" C/C
INTERIOR STAIRCASE DETAILS
MID-LANDING TREAD = 11'

BEAM RISER = 7.5" PROJECT
SECTION "2-2"
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
WAIST SLAB= 6"
FIRST FLOOR
ROOF
BEAM
CHECKED : DATE :
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
SE
CT DRAWN : REV NO:
ION
-"2
-2" DWG NO : SHEET NO.
#16-2 NoS
STRUCTURAL CONSULTANT
MID-LANDING
BEAM
#8-2L@ 6"C/C
"
1-1
N-"
6''SECTIO -OUND FLOOR
#16-2 NoS
MID-LANDING
BEAM-[9"X18"]
PLINTH
PLINTH BEAM
BEAM
SECTIONAL ELEVATION BUILDER
INTERIOR STAIRCASE DETAILS CLIENT

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
4.5"
A
NOTES
1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN FT-IN

4.5"
6"
2. REFER RELEVANT ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING
3. -ADE OF CONCRETE M-25

4. -ADE OF STEEL SHALL BE FE-500
5. SBC OF SOIL IS TAKEN AS PER SOIL REPORT
6. CLEAR COVER FOR

FOOTINGS = 2"
COLUMNS = 1.5"
BEAMS = 1"
SLAB = 3/4"
7. DISTRIBUTION STEEL #8 @ 9" C/C UON

STILT + 3FLOORS
12'-0"
9. IF ANY DOUBT SHOULD BE BROUGHT TO

24"
24"
A
6'-9"
PLAN OF SUMP
(12000 Ltrs. Capacity)
R.C.C. SLAB 6"Thk.
10Ø @8"C/C B/W
6"
BRICK WALL BRICK WALL

4½" IN CM 1:4 RCC WALL 4½" IN CM 1:4
6" IN CC 1:1.5.3
10Ø @6"C/C B/W
6'-6"
8Ø @6"C/C
BOTH WAYS
TOP & BOTTOM
4" 4" 12"
PCC 1:4:8
SAND FILLING
UG. SUMP SECTION A-A
STRUCTURAL CONSULTANT TITLE BUILDERS
U.G.SUMP
IF IN DOUBT , PLEASE ASK
PROJECT
CHECKED : DATE : PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
CLIENT
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
DRAWN : REV NO: 1
DWG NO : SHEET NO.

KEY PLAN
ROOF DETAIL
Galvalume
roof sheet Galvalume
Roof slab roof sheet
RIDGE LVL
+58'-0" LVL 12mm thick
3'-6"
Thoughed glass
6"
UPPER TERRACE LVL
+54'-6" LVL 6"
Note:
7'-0"

+51'-0" LVL
10'-6"

PARAPET LVL 3.All dimensions are in Feet and Inches.
+47'-6" LVL 4.Dimensions to be followed as indicated and not to
be scaled
3'-6"

TERRACE FLOOR LVL architectural drawings are to be followed.
+44'-0" LVL DATE REV NO. DESCRIPTION
SECTION 'A-A' ELEVATION
PROJECT :
1 2 3 PROPOSED RESIDENTIAL
14'-0" 6'-9"
9" 13'-3" 9" 6'-0" 9"
TITLE : SLOPED ROOF DETAIL
Threshold 6"
07 05 03 01 raised DRAWING NO: AC-AR-17
E
9"
GD
DATE : 30.03.22
SCALE/SHEET: NAME
DRWN -
CHKD -
NTS/A3
8'-6"
+44'-0"lvl APPD -
8'-9"
RELEASED FOR
BD INFORMATION CONSTRUCTION
SLOPE ROOF TO DETAIL
D
9"
6" 6"
Eq
6"
1'-3"
9"
7'-9"
6"
6'-0"
Open to Sky
9"
6"
BD
9"
A A A 6" A
C Eq
9"
10"
TERRACE FLOOR PLAN ABOVE TERRACE FLOOR PLAN

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
2
NOTES SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
NGL NATURAL -OUND LEVEL
#10 @ 5" C/C 3' Ld 1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN FT-IN

6'' 2. REFER RELEVANT ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING
[TYP] MID-LANDING 3. -ADE OF CONCRETE M-25
MID-LANDING BEAM 11"
[TYP]
BEAM
4. -ADE OF STEEL SHALL BE FE-550D
#10 @ 5" C/C 5. SBC OF SOIL IS TAKEN AS PER SOIL REPORT
3' # 10 @ 5" C/C

6. CLEAR COVER FOR
Ld FOOTINGS = 2"
TREAD = 11'
COLUMNS = 1.5"
RISER = 6"
# 8 @ 6" C/C BEAMS = 1"
WAIST SLAB= 6"
SLAB = 3/4"
PLINTH
BEAM 7. DISTRIBUTION STEEL #8 @ 9" C/C UON
SECTION "1-1"
REFER SLAB DETAIL STILT + 3 FLOORS

" d DRAWING
2'-6 L 9. IF ANY DOUBT SHOULD BE BROUGHT TO
#10 @ 5" C/C
11" ROOF THE NOTICE OF CONSULTANT
[TYP] BEAM
PLINTH BEAM & 6''
[TYP]
ROOF BEAM #10 @ 5" C/C
'' #8 @ 6" C/C
2'-6
1
2
TITLE
WALL Ld #10 @ 5" C/C
MAIN STAIRCASE DETAILS
MID-LANDING TREAD = 11'

BEAM RISER = 6" PROJECT
SECTION "2-2"
WAIST SLAB= 6"
FIRST FLOOR
ROOF
BEAM
CHECKED : DATE :
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
SE
CT DRAWN : REV NO:
ION
-"2
-2" DWG NO : SHEET NO.
#16-2 NoS
MID-LANDING
BEAM
#8-2L@ 6"C/C
"
1-1
N-"
6''SECTIO -OUND FLOOR
#16-2 NoS
MID-LANDING
BEAM-[9"X18"]
PLINTH
PLINTH BEAM
BEAM
SECTIONAL ELEVATION BUILDER
MAIN STAIRCASE DETAILS CLIENT

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
NOTES


6. CLEAR COVER FOR

1 2 3 4 FOOTINGS = 2"
COLUMNS = 1.5"
5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2" BEAMS = 1"
SLAB = 3/4"
6'-9" 5'-2"
6'-9" 4'-2"
3'-2" 6'-9" 3'-2" 7. DISTRIBUTION STEEL #8 @ 9" C/C UON
2'-10"

P.C.1 P.C.1
41 2"
P1 P1
P1 P1 STILT + 3FLOORS
F 41 2" 3" 3"
P1 P1
F 9. IF ANY DOUBT SHOULD BE BROUGHT TO
12'-6"
6'-9"
RAFT 1
P.C.1
P1 3" P1 3"
P1 P1
E E
2'-10"
41 2"
8'-6"
8'-6"
13'
P.C.2 P.C.2
P.C.1 P2 P2 P2
P2
6"
D P1 P1 D
71 2"
41 2"
7'-9"
P.C.2 P.C.2
7'-9"
3"
P2 P2
C P2 P2
41 2"
C
10'-6"
10'-6"
P.C.2
41 2"
B P2 P2
B
5'-0" 5'-9"
6'-10" 5'-9"
P.C.2 P.C.1
71 2"
41 2"
P2 P2 P1 P1
A A
5'-1" 14'-0" 2
6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10"
1 3 4
FOUINDATION DETAILS
FOUNDATION DETAILS
PROJECT
CLIENT
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
No : 169/66, PAMMAL MAIN ROAD,
KRISHNA NAGAR, CHENNAI- 600075. DRAWN : REV NO: 1
Contact no: 9600184996, 8073641410
Email-id : booshnamassociates@gmail.com DWG NO : SHEET NO.
STRUCTURAL DRAWING
3'-2" 6'-9" 3'-2" NOTES
2'-10"
P1 P1 3. -ADE OF CONCRETE M-25

3" 3" 6. CLEAR COVER FOR

FOOTINGS = 2"
LIFT-PIT RCC WALL
12'-6"
COLUMNS = 1.5"
6'-9"
BEAMS = 1"
B RAFT 1 B' SLAB = 3/4"

GROUND + 2 FLOORS
P1 3" P1 3" 9. IF ANY DOUBT SHOULD BE BROUGHT TO
2'-10"
13'
9" 9"
NGL PLINTH BEAM
Y8@8"c/c Y8@8"c/c
5'-6" MIN
RCC WALL STOPS AT PLINTH BEAM LVL.
Y10@6"c/c Y10@6"c/c
LIFT PIT
Y12@5"c/c
Ldt
Ldt
2'
3' 3'
Y12@5"c/c 450 mm
(450 mm Ø)
UP TO 14.00M
UP TO 14.00M
SECTION @ "X-X"
SECTION @ "B - B"
FOUNDATION DETAILS

FOUNDATION DETAILS
CHECKED : DATE :
PROJECT CLIENT
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
KRISHNA NAGAR, CHENNAI- 600075. DRAWN : REV NO:
Contact no: 9600184996, 8073641410
STRUCTURAL DRAWING
800
NOTES
2
1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN M-MM
800 1250 800 #12 - 9NOS

6. CLEAR COVER FOR
HORIZONTAL TIES FOOTINGS = 2"
P1 P.C.1 P1 #12 @150 C/C

800
COLUMNS = 1.5"
600
BEAMS = 1"
1 1 #10-4L @ 150 C/C SLAB = 3/4"
150MM THK
GROUND + 3 FLOORS
150
PCC(1:5:10)
#16-9NOS THE NOTICE OF CONSULTANT
2
X X
TYPICAL PLAN FOR PILE CAP - PC1
UP TO 14.00M
PILE
TITLE
450 mmØ
PILE FOUNDATION DETAILS (PC-1)
450 mm(MIN)
2850
SOCKETING
PROJECT
#12-9NOS TO BE CHIPPED OFF
SECTION @ "2- 2"

HORIZONTAL TIES
Ldc
#12 @150 C/C

Ldt
600
#10-4L @ 150 C/C

CHECKED : DATE :
150MM THK DEALT : SCALE : NTS
150
PCC(1:5:10) DRAWN : REV NO:
DWG NO : SHEET NO.

#16-9NOS
UP TO 14.00M
PILE
450 mmØ 450 mmØ

450 mm (MIN)
SOCKETING
1'-6"
BUILDER
(450 mm Ø)
TYPICAL SECTION FOR PILE CAP - PC1
SECTION @ "1- 1" SECTION @ "X-X"
CLIENT

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
NOTES
800
2
1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN M-MM
800 1250 800 #16 - 7NOS 5. SBC OF SOIL IS TAKEN AS PER SOIL REPORT
6. CLEAR COVER FOR
FOOTINGS = 2"
P2 P.C.2 P2 HORIZONTAL TIES COLUMNS = 1.5"

800
#12 @150 C/C BEAMS = 1"

1 1 SLAB = 3/4"
600
#10-4L @ 150 C/C 7. DISTRIBUTION STEEL #8 @ 9" C/C UON
GROUND + 3 FLOORS
150MM THK
150
PCC(1:5:10)
#20-7NOS
2
Y Y
TYPICAL PLAN FOR PILE CAP - PC2
UP TO 14.00M
PILE
TITLE
450 mmØ
2850
450mm (MIN)
SOCKETING
PROJECT
#16-7NOS TO BE CHIPPED OFF (STILT+03) AT 8TH MAIN ROAD KASTHURIBAI

NAGAR,ADYAR, T.S: 69/1 PART, T.S: 69/2 PART, -EATER
CHENNAI CORPORATION, ZONE:13,WARD:175,
CHENNAI-600020.
HORIZONTAL TIES SECTION @ "2- 2"

Ldc
#12 @150 C/C

Ldt
600
#10-4L @ 150 C/C
CHECKED : DATE :
150MM THK
150
DEALT : SCALE : NTS

PCC(1:5:10)
DRAWN : REV NO:
#20-7NOS DWG NO : SHEET NO.
UP TO 14.00M
PILE
450 mmØ 450 mmØ
450 mm
450 mm (MIN)
SOCKETING
(450 mm Ø)
BUILDER
TYPICAL SECTION FOR PILE CAP - PC2 SECTION @ "X-X"

SECTION @ "1- 1"
CLIENT

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
NOTES

1 2 3 4 3. -ADE OF CONCRETE M-25

5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2" 5. SBC OF SOIL IS TAKEN AS PER SOIL REPORT
6. CLEAR COVER FOR

5'-2"
4'-2"
FOOTINGS = 2"
COLUMNS = 1.5"
F F BEAMS = 1"
C2 C1 C1 SLAB = 3/4"
C2
6'-9"
6'-9"
E E STILT + 3FLOORS
C2 C1 C1 9. IF ANY DOUBT SHOULD BE BROUGHT TO
8'-6"
8'-6"
C2
D C6
D
C5
7'-9"
7'-9"
C C6
C
C3
10'-6"
10'-6"
B B
5'-9"
5'-9"
C4
C7 C2
A A
5'-0"
6'-10"
5'-1" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10"

1 2 3 4
COLUMN LAYOUT
COLUMN LAYOUT
PROJECT
CLIENT
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
DRAWN : REV NO: 1
DWG NO : SHEET NO.

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
COLUMN BREATH (B) 9"

SIZE LENGTH (L) C1 15" NOTES
CONCRETE MIX M25
SECTION WITH
MAIN STEEL
15"
9"
B
L 6- 12 mm. Tor + 4. -ADE OF STEEL SHALL BE FE-500
LINK DETAILS
6. CLEAR COVER FOR

8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT
FOOTINGS = 2"
8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE
COLUMNS = 1.5"
BEAMS = 1"
COLUMN BREATH (B) 9" 9" 9" 9" 9" 9" 12"
SIZE LENGTH (L) C1 15" C2 18" C3 18" C4 18" C5 18" C6 24" C7 24" SLAB = 3/4"
CONCRETE MIX M25 M25 M25 M25 M25 M25 M25
SECTION WITH 2' 7. DISTRIBUTION STEEL #8 @ 9" C/C UON
MAIN STEEL 15" 24"
18" 18" 18" 18"
EQ
9"
9"
9"
9"
9"
1'
9"
EQ
B
L 6- 12 mm. Tor + 8- 12 mm. Tor 8- 12 mm. Tor +

EQ EQ EQ
4- 20 mm. Tor +
EQ
STILT + 3 FLOORS
8- 12 mm. Tor + 8- 20 mm. Tor + 12- 25 mm. Tor + 8- 16 mm. Tor
LINK DETAILS
8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT
8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE
TITLE
COLUMN BREATH (B)

SIZE
9" 9" 9" 9" 9" 9" 12" FIRST FLOOR ROOF BEAM DETAILS
LENGTH (L) C1 15" C2 18" C3 18" C4 18" C5 18" C6 24" C7 24"
SECTION WITH 2'
MAIN STEEL 15" 24"
18" 18" 18" 18"
EQ
9"
PROJECT
9"
9"
9"
9"
9"
1'
EQ
B
EQ EQ EQ EQ PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

L 6- 12 mm. Tor + 4- 16 mm. Tor + 4- 25 mm. Tor + 4- 20 mm. Tor +
8- 12 mm. Tor
4- 12 mm. Tor 8- 25 mm. Tor + 4- 20 mm. Tor 12- 25 mm. Tor + 8- 16 mm. Tor
50Ø
LINK DETAILS
8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT
LINKS
8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE
24"
8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE
COLUMN BREATH (B) 9" 9" 9" 9" 9" 9" 12"
SIZE LENGTH (L) C1 15" C2 18" C3 18" C4 18" C5 18" C6 24" C7 24" CHECKED : DATE :
SECTION WITH 2' DEALT : SCALE : NTS
MAIN STEEL 15" 24"
LAPPING ZONE
18" 18" 18" 18" DRAWN : REV NO:
EQ
9"
9"
9"
9"
9"
9"
1'
EQ
LINKS
B
DWG NO : SHEET NO.

EQ EQ EQ EQ
L 6- 12 mm. Tor + 4- 16 mm. Tor + 8- 25 mm. Tor + 4- 25 mm. Tor +
8- 12 mm. Tor
4- 12 mm. Tor 8- 25 mm. Tor + 12- 25 mm. Tor + 8- 20 mm. Tor
LINK DETAILS
24"
8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT
LINKS
8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT
8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE
2" MAX.
COLUMN BREATH (B) 9" 9" 9" 9" 9" 9" 12"
SIZE LENGTH (L) C1 15" C2 18" C3 18" C4 18" C5 18" C6 24" C7 24"
SECTION WITH 2'
MAIN STEEL 15" 24"
18" 18" 18" 18"
EQ
9"
9"
9"
9"
9"
9"
1'
EQ
B
EQ EQ EQ EQ
L
LINKS
6- 12 mm. Tor + 8- 12 mm. Tor + 4- 16 mm. Tor + 8- 25 mm. Tor 8- 25 mm. Tor + 4- 25 mm. Tor + BUILDER
24"
4- 12 mm. Tor 12- 25 mm. Tor + 8- 20 mm. Tor
LINK DETAILS
8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT 8 mm. @ 6" C/C AT SUPPORT TYPICAL CROSS
8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE 8 mm. @ 9" C/C AT MIDDLE SECTION OF COLUMN
CLIENT
COLUMN DETAILS
1 2 3 4 STRUCTURAL DRAWING
5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2" NOTES

6'-9" 5'-2"
PLINTH BEAM 3. -ADE OF CONCRETE M-25
6'-9" 4'-2"
NGL 4. -ADE OF STEEL SHALL BE FE-500
5. SBC OF SOIL IS TALEN AS PER SOIL REPORT
MIN -3'.0" FROM THE NGL

6. CLEAR COVER FOR
FOOTINGS = 2"
COLUMNS = 1.5"
F PB1 [9" X 18"] PB1 [9" X 18"]

F REINF BEAMS = 1"
SLAB = 3/4"
PB1 [9" X 18"]

PB1 [9" X 18"]
PB1 [9" X 18"]

PB1 [9" X 18"]
PB1 [9" X 18"]

Ld STILT + 3 FLOORS
4 1/2" 1'
PB2 [9" X 18"]
Ld THE NOTICE OF CONSULTANT
P.C.C - 1:4:8
E PB1 [9" X 18"]
E STUB COLUMN FOOTING DETAIL
PB1 [9" X 18"] PB1 [9" X 18"]
PB1 [9" X 18"]
PB1 [9" X 18"]

8'-6"
8'-6"
3'
RCC STUB
EQ
[9"X9"]
Y10 @ 8"C/C
D D TITLE
PB1 [9" X 18"]
3'
PB1 [9" X 18"]
PB1 [9" X 18"]

PB1 [9" X 18"] PB1 [9" X 18"] PB1 [9" X 18"]
Y10 @ 8"C/C
PLINTH BEAM DETAILS
7'-9"
7'-9"
EQ
PROJECT
EQ EQ
RCC STUB RCC STUB PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
[9"X9"] [9"X9"]
STUB COLUMN FOOTING PLAN
C PB1 [9" X 18"] PB1 [9" X 18"]
C
PB1 [9" X 18"]
9 9"
PB2 [9" X 18"]
#12-2 #12-2
10'-6"
10'-6"
PB2 [9" X 18"]
#8-2L @8" C/C #8-2L @6" C/C
18"
18"
PB2 [9" X 18"]
#12-2 #12-2
CHECKED : DATE : 08.09.2021
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
RCC STUB
[9"X9"]
PB1-9"X18" PB1-9"X18" DRAWN : REV NO:
AT MIDSPAN AT SUPPORTS
B B DWG NO : SHEET NO.
5'-0" 5'-9"
6'-10" 5'-9"
PB1 [9" X 18"] PB1 [9" X 18"] STRUCTURAL CONSULTANT
PB1 [9" X 18"] 9 #16-2

9" #16-2
A A #8-2L @8" C/C #8-2L @6" C/C
18"
18"
#16-2 #16-2
PB2-9"X18" PB2-9"X18"
AT MIDSPAN AT SUPPORTS
BUILDER
5'-1" 14'-0" 2
6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10"
1 3 4
CLIENT
PLINTH BEAM DETAILS

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
NOTES

1 2 3 4 6. CLEAR COVER FOR

FOOTINGS = 2"
5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2" COLUMNS = 1.5"
BEAMS = 1"
6'-9" 5'-2"
6'-9" 4'-2"
SLAB = 3/4"

F F STILT + 3FLOORS
1B8 [9" X 18"]
1B12 [9" X 18"]
1B14 [9" X 18"]

1B1 [9"[9"
1B1 X 18"]
X 18"] 1B1 [9" X 18"] 1B1 [9" X 18"]
1B10 [9" X 18"]

1B15 [9" X 18"]

E E
1B2 [9" X 18"] 1B2 [9" X 18"]
1B8 [9" X 18"]
1B10 [9" X 18"]
1B14 [9" X 18"]

8'-6"
8'-6"
1B3 [9" X 18"]
4'-1 1/2"
D 1B4 [9" X 18"] 1B4 [9" X 18"] 1B4 [9" X 18"]

D
1B15 [9" X 18"]
1B8 [9" X 18"]
7'-9"
7'-9"
1B9 [9" X 18"]
1B14 [9" X 24"]
C 1B5 [9" X 18"]

C
10'-6"
10'-6"
1B8 [9" X 24"]
1B5 [9" X 24"] 1B5 [9" X 24"]

1B14 [9" X 24"]
1B6 [9" X 18"]

1B11 [9" X 18"]
1B15 [9" X 18"]

1B13 [9" X 18"]
B B
1B8 [9" X 24"]
5'-0" 5'-9"
6'-10" 5'-9"
1B7 [9" X 18"]

1B7 [9" X 24"] 1B7 [9" X 24"]
A A
5'-1" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10"

1 2 3 4
GROUND FLOOR ROOF BEAM LAYOUT


PROJECT
CHECKED : P.B DATE : 28.01.2022 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
CLIENT
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
1
KRISHNA NAGAR, CHENNAI- 600075. DRAWN : K.S REV NO:
Contact no: 9600184996, 8073641410
STRUCTURAL DRAWING
#12-2
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2
4'-9" 4'-9" 2'-3" 2'-3" 3'-9" 3'-9" 4'-9" 4'-9" 2'-9" 2'-9" 3'-9" 3'-9"
NOTES

#12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 1'-6" #12-2 #12-2 1'-6"
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 2' 6" C/C
#8-2L @ 6" C/C 2' 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 2. REFER RELEVANT ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING
#8-2L @ #8-2L @ #8-2L @
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C 3. -ADE OF CONCRETE M-25
1B1 [9" X 18"] 1B1 [9" X 18"] 1B1 [9" X 18"] 1B2 [9" X 18"] 1B2 [9" X 18"] 1B3 [9" X 18"]

#12-2
#20-2 #16-2
#20-2 #20-2
#12-2
#16-2
6'-9" 6'-9" 3'-9" 3'-9" #12-2 6. CLEAR COVER FOR
6'-9" 6'-9" 3'-9" 3'-9" 3'-2" 3'-2"
FOOTINGS = 2"
1'-6" #12-2 #12-2 1'-6" COLUMNS = 1.5"
2'-9" #16-2 #20-2 2'-9" #12-2 2'-9" 2'-9" 6" C/C 6" C/C 1'-3" #16-2 #12-2 1'-3"
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C
#8-2L @
6" C/C 6" C/C
#25-2 #25-2
6" C/C
#8-2L @
6" C/C 6" C/C BEAMS = 1"
#8-2L @ 8" C/C #8-2L @
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C SLAB = 3/4"
1B4 [9" X 18"] 1B4 [9" X 18"] 1B5 [9" X 24"] 1B5 [9" X 18"] 1B6 [9" X 18"]

#20-2 #20-2 #20-2 #20-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2
#20-2 #12-2 #16-2 #12-2 #12-2
6'-9" 6'-9" 3'-9" 3'-9" 1'-9" 1'-9" 3'-6" 3'-6" 2'-6" 2'-6" 2'-9" 2'-9" 2'-3" 2'-3"
STILT + 3 FLOORS
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2
2' #20-2 2' 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C
#16-2 #8-2L @ #12-2 #16-2 #8-2L @
6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C #8-2L @ #8-2L @
#8-2L @ 8" C/C #8-2L @ 8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C
1B7 [9" X 24"] 1B7 [9" X 18"] 1B8 [9" X 24"] 1B8 [9" X 24"] 1B8 [9" X 18"] 1B8 [9" X 18"] 1B8 [9" X 18"]
TITLE
GROUND FLOOR ROOF BEAM DETAILS

#12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2
#12-2
3'-6" 3'-6" 2'-3" 4'-6" 4'-6" 2'-3" 2'-3" 3' 3'
2'-9" 2'-9" 2'-3"
PROJECT
1'-6" #12-2 #12-2 1'-6" #12-2 #12-2 1'-9" #20-2 #12-2 1'-9" PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
#12-2 #12-2
6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C
#8-2L @ #8-2L @ #8-2L @ #8-2L @
8" C/C #8-2L @ (STILT+03) AT 8TH MAIN ROAD KASTHURIBAI
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C
NAGAR,ADYAR, T.S: 69/1 PART, T.S: 69/2 PART, -EATER
1B9 [9" X 18"] 1B10 [9" X 18"] 1B10 [9" X 18"] 1B11 [9" X 18"] 1B12 [9" X 18"] 1B13 [9" X 18"]
CHENNAI-600020.
#20-2 #25-2 #20-2 #20-2 #12-2 #12-2

8' 8' 2'-9" 2'-9" 2'-3" 2'-3" #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2
5'-6" #12-2 5'-6" 2'-6" #12-2 2'-6" 5' #12-2 5'
#12-2 #12-2
6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C
3'-6" #25-2 #25-2 3'-6" #8-2L @ 2'-3" #12-2 #12-2 2'-3" #12-2 2'-1" #12-2 #12-2 2'-1" CHECKED : DATE :
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 8" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C
8" C/C #8-2L @
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C DEALT : SCALE : NTS
1B14 [9" X 24"] 1B14 [9" X 18"] 1B14 [9" X 18"] 1B15 [9" X 18"] 1B15 [9" X 18"] 1B15 [9" X 18"] DRAWN : REV NO:
DWG NO : SHEET NO.
SPACERS ROB SHALL BE TOP LAP SHOULD BE @

20MM DIA BAR
MID SPAN OF BEAM
Ld
ALL STIRRUPS SHALL BE 2 LEGGED

UNLESS SPECIFIED. 135° END HOOKS
ARE PLACED ALTERNATIVELY
SPACERS ROB SHALL BE

20MM DIA BAR
150 BOTTOM LAP SHOULD BE @
NEAR SUPPORT BEAM
BUILDER
TYP. BEAM DETAILS TYP. LAP SLICE IN BEAM
GROUND FLOOR ROOF BEAM DETAILS CLIENT

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
1 2 3 4 NOTES
5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2" 1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN FT-IN

6'-9" 5'-2"
6'-9" 4'-2"
5. SBC OF SOIL IS TALEN AS PER SOIL REPORT
6. CLEAR COVER FOR
FOOTINGS = 2"
COLUMNS = 1.5"
BEAMS = 1"
F F SLAB = 3/4"
STILT + 3 FLOORS

S3
E E
S3
S3
8'-6"
8'-6"
S3 S5 Sunk
6"
TITLE
D D GROUND FLOOR ROOF
S3 SLAB DETAILS
7'-9"
7'-9"
S6
9'-7 1/2"
SLAB 2" DOWN PROJECT
Sunk S1
C 2" C
10'-6"
10'-6"
S4
CHECKED : DATE :
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
12'-10 1/2"
Sunk DRAWN : REV NO:
6" S5 DWG NO : SHEET NO.
B B
5'-0" 5'-9"
6'-10" 5'-9"
S2 S5 Sunk
6" S2
SLAB DETAILS
A 90° CRANK 90° CRANK A SLAB NAME MAIN ROD
SLAB DETAILS
DISTRIBUTION ROD SLAB TYPE SLAB THICK
SLAB 2" DOWN SLAB 2" DOWN SLAB NAME MAIN ROD DISTRIBUTION ROD SLAB TYPE SLAB THICK
S-1 8 Ø @ 6" C/C 8 Ø @ 8" C/C TWO WAY 5"
S4 S-1 8 Ø @ 6" C/C 8 Ø @ 8" C/C TWO WAY 5"
S-2 8Ø @ 7" C/C 8Ø @ 7" C/C TWO WAY 5"
S-2 8Ø @ 7" C/C 8Ø @ 7" C/C TWO WAY 5"
COLUMN TO BE SHOWN S-3 8Ø @ 8" C/C 8Ø @ 8" C/C TWO WAY 5"
S-3 8Ø @ 8" C/C 8Ø @ 8" C/C TWO WAY 5"
S-4 8Ø @ 8" C/C 8Ø @ 8" C/C ONE WAY 5" BUILDER
S-4 8Ø @ 8" C/C 8Ø @ 8" C/C ONE WAY 5"
S-5 8Ø @ 6" C/C BOTH T&B 8Ø @ 8" C/C BOTH T&B ONE WAY 5"
5'-1" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10"

1 2 3 4
CLIENT
GROUND FLOOR ROOF SLAB DETAILS

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
NOTES



5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2" FOOTINGS = 2"

COLUMNS = 1.5"
BEAMS = 1"
6'-9" 5'-2"
6'-9" 4'-2"
SLAB = 3/4"
F F 8. STRUCTURE IS BEING DESIGNED FOR

2B12 [9" X 18"]
2B13 [9" X 18"]
2B1 [9" X 18"] 2B1 [9" X 18"]

2B1 [9" X 18"] STILT + 3FLOORS
3'-7 1/2"
2B16 [9" X 18"]
2B2 [9" X 18"]
2B10 [9" X 18"]
2B3 [9" X 18"] 2B3 [9" X 18"]

E E
2B19 [9" X 18"]

2B11 [9" X 18"]
10'-1 1/2"
2B16 [9" X 18"]
8'-6"
8'-6"
2B4 [9" X 18"]
D 2B5 [9" X 18"]

D
2B19 [9" X 18"]
2B18 [9" X 18"]
2B16 [9" X 24"]
2B10 [9" X 18"]
2B11 [9" X 18"]

7'-9"
7'-9"
7'
2B6 [9" X 24"] 2B6 [9" X 24"] 2B6 [9" X 18"]

C C
2B17 [9" X 18"]
3'-9"
10'-6"
10'-6"
2B7 [9" X 18"]
2B10 [9" X 24"]
2B14 [9" X 18"]
2B15 [9" X 18"]
2B16 [9" X 24"]
2B19 [9" X 18"]
B B
5'-0" 5'-9"
6'-10" 5'-9"
2B9 [9" X 24"] 2B9 [9" X 24"] 2B9 [9" X 18"]

A A
MATCH WITH ARCH. DWG
5'-1" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10"

1 2 3 4
FIRST FLOOR ROOF BEAM LAYOUT

FIRST FLOOR ROOF BEAM
LAYOUT
PROJECT
CLIENT
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
DRAWN : REV NO: 1
DWG NO : SHEET NO.

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2
4'-9" #12-2 4'-9" 2'-3" #12-2 2'-3" 3'-9" #12-2 3'-9" 3'-9" 3'-9" #12-2 4'-9" #12-2 4'-9" 2'-3" #12-2 2'-3"
NOTES
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2 1'-6" #12-2 #12-2 1'-6"

2' 6" C/C #12-2 #12-2 #12-2
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 2' 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C
#8-2L @
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 2. REFER RELEVANT ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING
2B1 [9" X 18"] 2B1 [9" X 18"] 2B1 [9" X 18"] 2B2 [9" X 18"] 2B3 [9" X 18"] 2B3 [9" X 18"] 3. -ADE OF CONCRETE M-25
#12-2 #16-2 #12-2
#16-2 1'-9" #16-2 #16-2 #16-2 #16-2 #12-2
3'-9" 3'-9" 1'-9" 6'-9" 6'-9" 3'-9" 3'-9"#16-2 3'-9" 3'-9" 1'-9" 1'-9"
6. CLEAR COVER FOR

1'-6" #12-2 #12-2 1'-6" #12-2 1'-6" 1'-6" 1'-6" #16-2 #12-2 1'-6" #12-2
#12-2 #12-2
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 2'-9" #25-2 #25-2 2'-9" 6" C/C
#8-2L @
6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C FOOTINGS = 2"
8" C/C 8" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
#8-2L @ 8" C/C
2B4 [9" X 18"] 2B5 [9" X 18"] 8" C/C COLUMNS = 1.5"
2B6 [9" X 24"] 2B6 [9" X 24"] 2B7 [9" X 18"] 2B8 [9" X 18"]
BEAMS = 1"
SLAB = 3/4"
#16-2 #12-2 #20-2 #20-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2
#25-2 3'-9" #25-2
6'-9" 6'-9" 3' 1'-9" #16-2 1'-9" 3'-6" #12-2 3'-6" 2'-3" #12-2 2'-3" 3' 3' 2'-3" 2'-3" 7. DISTRIBUTION STEEL #8 @ 9" C/C UON

1'-6"
2'-9"
6" C/C
#20-2 #20-2
6" C/C
2'-9" 6" C/C
#12-2
#8-2L @
6" C/C
6" C/C
#12-2
6" C/C 6" C/C
#12-2
#8-2L @ 6" C/C
6" C/C
#12-2
#8-2L @
6" C/C 6" C/C #12-2
#8-2L @
6" C/C 6" C/C
#8-2L @
#12-2 6" C/C STILT + 3 FLOORS
#8-2L @ 8" C/C #8-2L @ 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C
2B9 [9" X 24"] 2B9 [9" X 24"] 2B10 [9" X 24"] 2B10 [9" X 24"] 2B10 [9" X 24"] 2B10 [9" X 24"] 2B10 [9" X 24"]
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2

5'-6" 5'-6" 2'-3" 2'-3" 2'-3" 2'-3"
TITLE
2'-3" #16-2 #12-2 2'-3" #12-2 #12-2

6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C FIRST FLOOR ROOF BEAM DETAILS
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
2B12 [9" X 18"] 2B13 [9" X 18"]

2B11 [9" X 18"]
PROJECT
#12-2 #12-2 #25-2 #16-2 #25-2 #25-2 #12-2 #12-2
8' 8' 2'-9" 2'-9" 2'-3" 2'-3"
5'-6" 5'-6" 5'-6" 5'-6"
#12-2 #12-2
1'-6" #20-2 #16-2 1'-6" 1'-6" #16-2 #16-2 1'-6" 3'-6" #25-2 3'-6" 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C
#16-2 #8-2L @
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
2B14 [9" X 18"] 2B15 [9" X 18"] 2B16 [9" X 24"] 2B16 [9" X 24"] 2B16 [9" X 24"]
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2

1'-6" 1'-6" 2'-6" 2'-6" 5'-6" #12-2 5'-6" 2'-6" #12-2 2'-6" 5' #12-2 5'
CHECKED : DATE :
1' DEALT : SCALE : NTS

#12-2
1' #12-2 #12-2 2'-3" 2'-3" #12-2 2'-1" 2'-1"
6" C/C #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C DRAWN : REV NO:
#8-2L @
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
2B17 [9" X 18"] 2B18 [9" X 18"] 2B19 [9" X 18"] 2B19 [9" X 18"] 2B19 [9" X 18"] DWG NO : SHEET NO.

20MM DIA BAR
MID SPAN OF BEAM
Ld


20MM DIA BAR
NEAR SUPPORT BEAM
BUILDER
FIRST FLOOR ROOF BEAM DETAILS CLIENT

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
1 2 3 4 NOTES
5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2" 1. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN FT-IN


6'-9" 5'-2"
6'-9" 4'-2"

SLAB 2" DOWN
F F 6. CLEAR COVER FOR
FOOTINGS = 2"
S3 S6 Sunk COLUMNS = 1.5"
2"
BEAMS = 1"
SLAB = 3/4"
E E 8. STRUCTURE IS BEING DESIGNED FOR
S3
STILT + 3FLOORS
8'-6"
8'-6"
S3
S1 9. IF ANY DOUBT SHOULD BE BROUGHT TO
D D
S4
7'-9"
7'-9"
S3
C S3 S3 Sunk
C
S6
6"
10'-6"
10'-6"
S2 S5
11'-3"
S3
11'-9"
B B
5'-0" 5'-9"
6'-10" 5'-9"
S6
Sunk
6"
A 90° CRANK
90° CRANK
A
SLAB 2" DOWN SLAB 2" DOWN
COLUMN, REINFORCEMENT &

SLAB THICK TO BE SHOWN
5'-1" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10" SLAB DETAILS

1 2 3 4 SLAB NAME MAIN ROD DISTRIBUTION ROD SLAB TYPE SLAB THICK
S-1 8 Ø @ 6" C/C 8 Ø @ 6" C/C TWO WAY 5"
S-2 8Ø @ 5" C/C 8Ø @ 5" C/C TWO WAY 5"
0.1 L 0.3 L 0.3 L S-3 8Ø @ 8" C/C 8Ø @ 8" C/C TWO WAY 5"
S-4 8Ø @ 8" C/C 8Ø @ 8" C/C ONE WAY 5"
S-5 8Ø @ 6" C/C 8Ø @ 6" C/C ONE WAY 5"

0.15 L 0.25 L 0.25 L
ROOF BEAM ROOF BEAM S-6 8Ø @ 6" C/C BOTH T&B 8Ø @ 8" C/C BOTH T&B ONE WAY 5"
TYPICAL SECTION OF SLAB
FIRST FLOOR ROOF SLAB DETAILS

FIRST FLOOR ROOF SLAB
DETAILS
PROJECT
CLIENT
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
DRAWN : REV NO: 1
DWG NO : SHEET NO.

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
NOTES


1 2 3 4 5. SBC OF SOIL IS TAKEN AS PER SOIL REPORT
5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2" 6. CLEAR COVER FOR

FOOTINGS = 2"
COLUMNS = 1.5"
6'-9" 5'-2"
6'-9" 4'-2"
BEAMS = 1"
SLAB = 3/4"
F 3B1 [9" X 18"] 3B1 [9" X 18"]
F 8. STRUCTURE IS BEING DESIGNED FOR
3B15 [9" X 18"]

3B1 [9" X 18"]
3B12 [9" X 18"]
3B14 [9" X 18"]
STILT + 3FLOORS
3B17 [9" X 18"]

10'
3B2 [9" X 18"] 3B2 [9" X 18"]
E E
3B15 [9" X 18"]
3B9 [9" X 18"]
3B16 [9" X 18"]

8'-6"
8'-6"
3B11 [9" X 18"]
3B3 [9" X 18"]
3B5 [9" X 18"]

D 3B4 [9" X 18"] D
3B16 [9" X 18"]
3B15 [9" X 24"]
3B17 [9" X 18"]

3B9 [9" X 18"]
7'-9"
7'-9"
3B6 [9" X 24"] 3B6 [9" X 24"] 3B6 [9" X 18"]
C C
3B13 [9" X 18"]
24"]
X 24"]
10'-6"
10'-6"
3B9 [9" X 24"]
3B17 [9" X 18"]

[9" X
3B15 [9"
3B15
3B10 [9" X 18"]
B 3B7 [9" X 18"]

B
3B13 [9" X 18"]
3B7 [9" X 18"]

5'-0" 5'-9"
6'-10" 5'-9"
3B8 [9" X 24"] 3B8 [9" X 24"] 3B8 [9" X 18"]

A A
5'-1" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10"

1 2 3 4
SECOND FLOOR ROOF BEAM LAYOUT

SECOND FLOOR ROOF BEAM
LAYOUT
PROJECT
CLIENT
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
DRAWN : REV NO: 1
DWG NO : SHEET NO.

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
#12-2 #12-2
#12-2 NOTES
4'-9" #12-2 4'-9" 2'-3" 2'-3" 3'-9" #12-2 3'-9" 4'-9" #12-2 4'-9" 2'-3" 2'-3" 3'-9" 3'-9"
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2 2' 6" C/C #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 1'-6" #12-2 1'-6"
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 2' 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C
#16-2
6" C/C
8" C/C
#8-2L @
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
#8-2L @
8" C/C
3B1 [9" X 18"] 3B1 [9" X 18"] 3B1 [9" X 18"] 3B2 [9" X 18"] 3B2 [9" X 18"] 3B3 [9" X 18"] 4. -ADE OF STEEL SHALL BE FE-500

#12-2 #16-2
#16-2 1'-9" #16-2 #16-2 #16-2 #16-2 #16-2
1'-9" 3'-9" 3'-9" 6'-4" 6'-9" 3'-9" 3'-9"#16-2 #20-2 6'-9" 6'-9"
6. CLEAR COVER FOR
FOOTINGS = 2"
#12-2 1'-6" #12-2 #12-2 1'-6" 1'-6" 1'-6"
2'-9" #20-2 #25-2
2'-9"
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 2'-4" #20-2 #20-2 2'-9" 6" C/C
#12-2 #12-2 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C COLUMNS = 1.5"
6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
#8-2L @
8" C/C
8" C/C
BEAMS = 1"
3B4 [9" X 18"] 3B5 [9" X 18"] 3B7 [9" X 18"]
3B6 [9" X 24"] 3B6 [9" X 24"] SLAB = 3/4"
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2
6'-9" #20-2 6'-9" 3'-9" #20-2 3' 1'-9" #12-2 1'-9" 3'-6" #12-2 3'-6" 2'-3" #12-2 2'-3" 3' 3' 2'-3" 2'-3"
STILT + 3 FLOORS
1'-6" #12-2 #12-2
6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #12-2 6" C/C 6" C/C
#12-2 6" C/C
2'-9" #20-2 #12-2 2'-9" #12-2 #12-2 #8-2L @ 9. IF ANY DOUBT SHOULD BE BROUGHT TO
6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ #8-2L @
#8-2L @ #8-2L @ 8" C/C
#8-2L @ 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
3B8 [9" X 24"] 3B8 [9" X 24"] 3B9 [9" X 24"] 3B9 [9" X 24"] 3B9 [9" X 24"] 3B9 [9" X 24"] 3B9 [9" X 24"]
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2

#12-2 1'-6" #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 TITLE
1'-6" 5'-6" 5'-6" 2'-3" 2'-3" 1'-6" 1'-6" 3'-9" 3'-9" 2'-3" 2'-3"
FIRST FLOOR ROOF BEAM DETAILS

6" 6" 2'-3" 2'-3" 1'-6" 1'-6"
#16-2 #12-2 6" C/C #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 6" C/C #12-2 #8-2L @ 6" C/C #20-2 #16-2 #12-2
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C
8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
3B10 [9" X 18"] 3B12 [9" X 18"] 3B13 [9" X 18"] 3B14 [9" X 18"] PROJECT
3B11 [9" X 18"]
#12-2 #12-2
#20-2 #20-2 #16-2 #16-2 #12-2 #12-2
8' 8' 2'-9" 2'-9" 2'-3" 2'-3" 2'-6" 2'-6" 1'-6" 1'-6"
1' 1'
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 1'-9" #12-2 1'-9"
6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C
3'-6" #16-2 #20-2 3'-6" #8-2L @ #8-2L @
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C
3B15 [9" X 24"] 3B15 [9" X 24"] 3B15 [9" X 24"] 3B16 [9" X 18"]
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 CHECKED : DATE :

5'-6" #12-2 5'-6" 2'-6" #12-2 2'-6" 5' #12-2 5'
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
DRAWN : REV NO:
2'-3" #12-2 #12-2 2'-3" #12-2 2'-1" #12-2 #12-2 2'-1"
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C
#8-2L @
6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C DWG NO : SHEET NO.
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
3B17 [9" X 18"] 3B17 [9" X 18"] 3B17 [9" X 18"]


20MM DIA BAR
MID SPAN OF BEAM
Ld


20MM DIA BAR
NEAR SUPPORT BEAM
BUILDER
SECOND FLOOR ROOF BEAM DETAILS CLIENT

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
1 2 3 4 NOTES

5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2" 2. REFER RELEVANT ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING
6'-9" 5'-2"
6'-9" 4'-2"
6. CLEAR COVER FOR

F F FOOTINGS = 2"
S2 COLUMNS = 1.5"
S2 BEAMS = 1"
SLAB = 3/4"
10'-9"
E E 8. STRUCTURE IS BEING DESIGNED FOR

STILT + 3FLOORS
SLAB 2" DOWN
8'-6"
8'-6"
S6 S1 9. IF ANY DOUBT SHOULD BE BROUGHT TO
Sunk S2 S4
2" Sunk
6"
D D
7'-9"
7'-9"
S2 S3
C C
10'-6"
10'-6"
S2
11'-4 1/2"
S2
S2
B B
5'-0" 5'-9"
6'-10" 5'-9"
S4 Sunk
6"
S2 S2
A 90° CRANK 90° CRANK A


5'-1" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10"

1 2 3 SLAB DETAILS
4
SLAB NAME MAIN ROD DISTRIBUTION ROD SLAB TYPE SLAB THICK
S-1 8 Ø @ 5" C/C 8 Ø @ 5" C/C TWO WAY 5"

0.1 L 0.3 L 0.3 L
S-2 8Ø @ 8" C/C 8Ø @ 8" C/C TWO WAY 5"
S-3 8Ø @ 6" C/C 8Ø @ 6" C/C ONE WAY 5"
0.15 L 0.25 L 0.25 L S-4 8Ø @ 6" C/C BOTH T&B 8Ø @ 8" C/C BOTH T&B ONE WAY 5"
ROOF BEAM ROOF BEAM
SECOND FLOOR ROOF SLAB DETAILS

SECOND FLOOR ROOF SLAB
DETAILS
PROJECT
CLIENT
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
DRAWN : REV NO: 1
DWG NO : SHEET NO.

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
NOTES


FOOTINGS = 2"
5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2" COLUMNS = 1.5"
BEAMS = 1"
6'-9" 5'-2"
SLAB = 3/4"
6'-9" 4'-2"
4B1 [9" X 18"] 4B1 [9" X 18"] 4B1 [9" X 18"] 8. STRUCTURE IS BEING DESIGNED FOR
F F STILT + 3FLOORS
4B10 [9" X 18"]
4B11 [9" X 18"]

4B6 [9" X 18"]
4B8 [9" X 18"]

4B12 [9" X 18"]

E 4B2 [9" X 18"] 4B2 [9" X 18"]
E
4B2 [9" X 18"]
4B6 [9" X 18"]
4B11 [9" X 18"]

8'-6"
8'-6"
4B3 [9" X 18"] 4B3 [9" X 18"]
D D
4B6 [9" X 18"]
4B12 [9" X 18"]

4B7 [9" X 18"]
7'-9"
7'-9"
4B11 [9" X 18"]
7'
4B4 [9" X 18"] 4B4 [9" X 18"]
C C
10'-6"
10'-6"
4B6 [9" X 24"]
4B9 [9" X 18"]
4B11 [9" X 18"]
4B12 [9" X 18"]
B B
4B6 [9" X 24"]
5'-0" 5'-9"
6'-10" 5'-9"
4B5 [9" X 18"] 4B5 [9" X 18"] 4B5 [9" X 18"]

A A
5'-1" 14'-0" 2
6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10"
1 3 4
THIRD FLOOR ROOF BEAM LAYOUT

THIRD FLOOR ROOF BEAM
LAYOUT
PROJECT
CLIENT
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
DRAWN : REV NO: 1
DWG NO : SHEET NO.

#12-2
STRUCTURAL DRAWING
4'-9" #12-2 4'-9" 2'-3" #12-2 2'-3" 3'-9" #12-2 3'-9" 4'-9" #12-2 4'-9" 2'-9" #12-2 2'-9" 3'-9" 3'-9"
NOTES
2' #12-2
2' 9" #12-2 9" #12-2
6" C/C
#12-2
#8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C
#12-2
#8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @
#12-2
6" C/C 6" C/C
#12-2
#8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C
#12-2
6" C/C
#8-2L @ #8-2L @
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 2. REFER RELEVANT ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING
4B1 [9" X 18"] 4B1 [9" X 18"] 4B1 [9" X 18"] 4B2 [9" X 18"] 4B2 [9" X 18"] 4B2 [9" X 18"]
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #20-2 #16-2 5. SBC OF SOIL IS TAKEN AS PER SOIL REPORT
#12-2 #12-2 #16-2 #16-2
6'-9" 6'-9" 3'-9" 3'-9" 6'-9" 6'-9" 3'-9" 3'-9"
6. CLEAR COVER FOR
FOOTINGS = 2"
2'-9" #12-2 #12-2 2'-9" #12-2 2'-9" #16-2 2'-9" #12-2
6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #20-2 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C COLUMNS = 1.5"
#8-2L @ #8-2L @
8" C/C #8-2L @ #8-2L @
8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C BEAMS = 1"
4B3 [9" X 18"] 4B3 [9" X 18"] 4B4 [9" X 18"] 4B4 [9" X 18"]
SLAB = 3/4"
#16-2 #16-2 #12-2 #12-2
1'-9" #12-2 1'-9" 3'-6" #12-2 3'-6" 2'-6" #12-2 2'-6" 2'-9" 2'-9" 2'-3" 2'-3"
#20-2 #20-2 8. STRUCTURE IS BEING DESIGNED FOR
6'-9" #20-2 6'-9" 3'-9" #12-2 3'-9"
STILT + 3 FLOORS
6" C/C
#12-2
6" C/C 6" C/C #12-2 6" C/C 6" C/C
#12-2 6" C/C
2' #20-2 #16-2 2' #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #8-2L @
#8-2L @ #8-2L @
6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
4B5 [9" X 18"] 4B5 [9" X 18"] 4B6 [9" X 24"] 4B6 [9" X 24"] 4B6 [9" X 18"] 4B6 [9" X 18"] 4B6 [9" X 18"]
TITLE
#12-2 #12-2 #12-2
#12-2
2'-6" 2'-6" 2'-3" 2'-3" 5'-6" 5'-6" 2'-3" 2'-3" THIRD FLOOR ROOF BEAM DETAILS
#12-2 #12-2 #20-2 #16-2 #12-2

6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C
2'-3"
6" C/C 6" C/C
2'-3" 6" C/C 6" C/C PROJECT
#8-2L @ #8-2L @ #8-2L @ #8-2L @
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
8" C/C
4B7 [9" X 18"] 4B8 [9" X 18"] 4B9 [9" X 18"] 4B10 [9" X 18"]
#16-2 #20-2 #20-2 #12-2 #12-2

8' #20-2 8' 2'-9" #12-2 2'-9" 2'-3" #12-2 2'-3" 5'-6" #12-2 5'-6" 2'-6" #12-2 2'-6" 5' #12-2 5'
3'-6" #16-2 #20-2 3'-6" #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2 #12-2

6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C 6" C/C #8-2L @ 6" C/C
#8-2L @ #8-2L @
8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C 8" C/C
8" C/C 8" C/C CHECKED : DATE :
4B11 [9" X 18"] 4B11 [9" X 18"] 4B11 [9" X 18"] 4B12 [9" X 18"] 4B12 [9" X 18"] 4B12 [9" X 18"] DEALT : SCALE : NTS
DRAWN : REV NO:
DWG NO : SHEET NO.

20MM DIA BAR
MID SPAN OF BEAM
Ld


20MM DIA BAR 150 BOTTOM LAP SHOULD BE @
NEAR SUPPORT BEAM
BUILDER
CLIENT
THIRD FLOOR ROOF BEAM DETAILS

STRUCTURAL DRAWING
1 2 3 4
5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2"
NOTES

6'-9" 5'-2"
6'-9" 4'-2"

F F 6. CLEAR COVER FOR
S4 S4
FOOTINGS = 2"
COLUMNS = 1.5"
BEAMS = 1"
SLAB = 3/4"
E E 7. DISTRIBUTION STEEL #8 @ 9" C/C UON
S4 8. STRUCTURE IS BEING DESIGNED FOR

8'-6"
8'-6"
S2 STILT + 3FLOORS
D D
S3
7'-9"
7'-9"
S4
C C
10'-6"
10'-6"
B B
5'-0" 5'-9"
6'-10" 5'-9"
S1 S1
S1
A 90° CRANK 90° CRANK A


5'-1" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10"

1 2 3 4
SLAB DETAILS
0.1 L 0.3 L 0.3 L
S-1 8 Ø @ 5" C/C 8 Ø @ 7" C/C TWO WAY 5"
S-2 8Ø @ 5" C/C 8Ø @ 8" C/C ONE WAY 5"

0.15 L 0.25 L 0.25 L
ROOF BEAM ROOF BEAM S-3 8Ø @ 6" C/C 8Ø @ 8" C/C ONE WAY 5"
S-4 8Ø @ 8" C/C 8Ø @ 8" C/C TWO WAY 5"
THIRD FLOOR ROOF SLAB DETAILS

THIRD FLOOR ROOF SLAB
DETAILS
PROJECT
CLIENT
DEALT : SCALE : NTS (STILT+03) AT 8TH MAIN ROAD KASTHURIBAI
DRAWN : REV NO: 1 NAGAR,ADYAR, T.S: 69/1 PART, T.S: 69/2 PART, -EATER
DWG NO : SHEET NO. CHENNAI-600020.
STRUCTURAL DRAWING
1 2 3 4 NOTES
5'-11" 14'-0" 6'-9" 11'-3" 4'-2"

6'-9" 5'-2" 5. SBC OF SOIL IS TALEN AS PER SOIL REPORT
6'-9" 4'-2"
6. CLEAR COVER FOR
FOOTINGS = 2"
COLUMNS = 1.5"
BEAMS = 1"
5B1 [9" X 18"] 5B1 [9" X 18"] 5B1 [9" X 18"] SLAB = 3/4"
F F 7. DISTRIBUTION STEEL #8 @ 9" C/C UON

5B1 [9" X 18"]
5B1 [9" X 18"]

5B1 [9" X 18"]
S1
5B1 [9" X 18"]

STILT + 3 FLOORS
S1 S1
S1 9. IF ANY DOUBT SHOULD BE BROUGHT TO
5B2 [9" X 18"]

E 5B1 [9" X 18"] 5B1 [9" X 18"]
E
0.1 L 0.3 L 0.3 L
8'-6"
8'-6"
6" FLOOR RAISED
0.15 L 0.25 L 0.25 L
5B1 [9" X 18"] ROOF BEAM ROOF BEAM
TYPICAL SECTION OF SLAB TITLE
5B2 [9" X 18"]

D 5B1 [9" X 18"]
D
5B1 [9" X 18"]

HEAD ROOM ROOF BEAM AND SLAB DETAILS
5B1 [9" X 18"]

S1 Sunk
7'-9"
7'-9"
6" 9 9" #12-2 PROJECT
#12-2
S2 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
#8-2L @8" C/C #8-2L @6" C/C
18"
18"
#12-2 #12-2
C 5B1 [9" X 18"] C
5B1-9"X18" 5B1-9"X18"
10'-6"
10'-6"
AT MIDSPAN AT SUPPORTS CHECKED : DATE :
DEALT : SCALE : NTS
DRAWN : REV NO:
DWG NO : SHEET NO.
9 9
B B #12-4 #12-4
5'-0" 5'-9"
6'-10" 5'-9"
#8-2L @6" C/C #8-2L @5" C/C
18"
18"
#12-2 #12-2
A A
SLAB DETAILS
S-1 8Ø @ 8" C/C 8Ø @ 8" C/C TWO WAY 5" BUILDER
5'-1" 14'-0" 2
6'-9" 11'-3" 5'-10"
1 3 4 CLIENT
HEAD ROOM ROOF BEAM AND SLAB DETAILS

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TOOL KIT FOR JOB SEEKERS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING PROFESSION

1. CHARACTERISTIC TRAITS OF A SUCCESSFUL CIVIL ENGINEER ....................................... 2

1. Technical Skills ............................................................................................................................ 2

5. Team player ................................................................................................................................. 3

6. Vision for the world ..................................................................................................................... 3

7. Updated technical knowledge ...................................................................................................... 3

9. Time management ........................................................................................................................ 4

10. Critical Thinking ...................................................................................................................... 4

2. CAREER OPPORTUNITES FOR A CIVIL ENGINEER ................................................................. 4

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 1

1. CHARACTERISTIC TRAITS OF A SUCCESSFUL CIVIL ENGINEER

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 2

6. Vision for the world

7. Updated technical knowledge

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 3

10. Critical Thinking

2. CAREER OPPORTUNITES FOR A CIVIL ENGINEER

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 4

3. TOP 250 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FOR A JOB INTERVIEW

1. What Do You Understand by M25 Concrete?

3. What are the skills required to become an architect?

5. For filling cracks in masonry structures, the type of bitumen used, is

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 5

7. For filling cracks in masonry structures, the type of bitumen used, is

9. A wall constructed to resist the pressure of an earth filling, is known as

10. What is the minimum curing period?

12. How many hours should CBR samples be soaked?

13. What is a bearing capacity of soil?

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 6

16. What are the types of cement?

19. Explain what is Hybrid Foundation?

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 7

21. Explain what is flashing?

22. What is Bursting Reinforcement?

24. What are the responsibilities of a construction manager?

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 8

• Cost control of construction

25. What is Shear slump?

26. Why is concrete weak in tension?

27. What is grouting?

28. What is the recommended slump for column?

29. The bearing capacity of granite is generally?

31. What is the minimum curing period?

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 9

32. What are the functions of column in a building?

33. What are the uses of Groynes?

35. The portion of a brick cut across the width is called

36. What reinforcements are used in the process of prestressing?

Equilibrium reinforcements: This type of reinforcements is required where several anchorages

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 10

39. Explain QA&QC?

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 11

41. The length of each fishplate is

42. Rail chairs are used to fix

43. What is guniting?

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SKIT 12

49. What made you decide to become a Civil Engineer?