VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Jnana Sangama, Belagavi - 590018

Internship Report
on

“TITLE OF THE INTERNSHIP IN BLOCK LETTERS”

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
CIVIL ENGINEERING

by

VIJITH GK
4MT19CV022

Internship Carried out

at

MITE CONSULTANCY

Internal Guide External Guide:

(Name & Designation) DR. UMESH S
MITE CONSULTANCY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

(Accredited by NBA)
MANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING
Accredited by NAAC with A+ Grade, An ISO 9001: 2015 Certified Institution
(A Unit of Rajalaxmi Education Trust®, Mangalore - 575001)
Affiliated to V.T.U., Belagavi, Approved by AICTE, New Delhi.
 MANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified Institution)

(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)

Badaga Mijar, Moodbidri-574225

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to Certified that the INTERNSHIP WORK entitled “MITE

CONSULTANCY” carried out by Mr.VIJITH GK, bearing USN: 4MT19CV022,
a bona fide student of Mangalore Institute of Technology and Engineering in
partial fulfillment for the award of degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Civil
Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the
year 2022-23. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for Internal
Assessment have been incorporated in the report deposited in the departmental
library. The internship report has been approved as it satisfies the academic
requirements in respect of Internship work prescribed for the Bachelor of
Engineering.

Internal Guide Internship Coordinator HOD

Dr.ABC Mr. Suraj Shet Dr. GANESH MOGAVEER
Professor Assistant Professor Department of Civil
MITE Department of Civil Engg. Engg. MITE
MITE

External Viva

Name of the Examiners Signature with Date

1. __________________ __________________
2. __________________ __________________
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my sincere gratitude and indebtedness to M/S ‘MITE CONSULTANCY’, MITE

Moodbidri for their guidance, keen interest and advice rendered during the training period.
I express my sincere gratitude and indebtedness to Dr. M S Ganesh Prasad, Principal, MITE,
Moodbidri and Dr. GANESH MOGAVEER, Head of the Department, Civil Engineering,
MITE, Moodbidri for their assistance.
I would also like to express my gratefulness to my internal guide Dr.ABC, Professor, and all
faculty members of Department of Civil Engineering, MITE, Moodbidri, for their constant
guidance and support throughout.
I express my sincere gratitude to our guide Drums S, ‘MITE CONSULTANCY’ Moodbidri,
for their constant support and guidance provided throughout this work.
I’m also thankful to all the technical and non-technical staff of ‘MITE CONSULTANCY’
who have directly or indirectly helped me in this endeavor.

VIJITH GK
8thSem, BE
Civil Engineering
MITE, Moodbidri
 DECLARATION BY THE STUDENT

I, Mr. VIJITH GK bearing USN 4MT19CV022, a student of BE (Civil

Engineering), Department of Civil Engineering, Mangalore Institute of Technology and
Engineering, Moodbidri, hereby declare that this internship report entitled “TITLE” is bona
fide work carried out by me during 2022-23 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
award of Graduation Degree of BECHALOR OF ENGINEERING in CIVIL
ENGINEERING of Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi and is based on the
internship carried out in ‘MITE CONSULTANCY’, under the guidance of Dr. XYZ, Deputy
chief Engineer, ‘MITE CONSULTANCY’, and Dr.ABC, Professor, Department of Civil
Engineering, MITE, Moodbidri.

I also declare that this internship report has not been submitted to any other University or
Institution for the award of any degree.

VIJITH GK
USN:4MT19CV022
B.E(Civil Engineering)
Department of Civil Engineering
MITE Moodbidri
Internship certertificate
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE.NO

GENERAL INTRODUCTION……………………………….
1.1. About The Company/Course………………………
1.2. About The Guide ………………………………………
1.3. Summary of The Work ……………………………….
Chapter 1
1.4. Objectives…………………………………………….

WORK CARRIED OUT……………………………………

2.1.  ……………………………………………………….
2.2. ………………………………………………………..
Chapter 2
2.3.  ………………………………………………………

DISCUSSION……………………………………
3.1. ………………………………………………………
3.2. ……………………………………………………….
3.3. ………………………………………………………..
Chapter 3
3.4. ……..…………………………………………………

SITE VISIT………………………………………………….
4.1: Description of Site………………………………….
Chapter 4 4.2: Photographs…………………………………………..

APPLICATION……………………………………………….
Chapter 5
List of Online/Offline Certificate
Chapter 6
TECHNICAL OUTCOMES…………………………………..
Chapter 7

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
CHAPTER 1
NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST
Nondestructive testing (NDT) is the process of inspecting, testing, or evaluating materials,
components or assemblies for discontinuities, or differences in characteristics without
destroying the serviceability of the part or system. In other words, when the inspection or test
is completed, the part can still be used.
Non-destructive testing offers reliable and accurate results which can provide stability. Since
this testing method does not damage the components, all pieces of equipment and machinery
can be tested which can minimize the inaccuracy of test results and any undermined
irregularities.

METHODS NON DISTRUCTIVE TEST (NDT)

 Penetration method
 Rebound hammer method
 Pull out test method
 Ultrasonic pulse velocity method
 Radioactive methods
 REBOUND HAMMER METHOD

Rebound Hammer test is a Non-destructive testing method of concrete which provide a

convenient and rapid indication of the compressive strength of the concrete.
The rebound hammer is also called as Schmidt hammer that consist of a spring-controlled
mass that slides on a plunger within a tubular housing. When the plunger of rebound hammer
is pressed against the surface of concrete, a spring-controlled mass with a constant energy is
made to hit concrete surface to rebound back. The extent of rebound, which is a measure of
surface hardness, is measured on a graduated scale. This measured value is designated as
Rebound Number (rebound index). A concrete with low strength and low stiffness will
absorb more energy to yield in a lower rebound value.

OBJECTIVE OF REBOUND HAMMER TEST

As per the Indian code IS: 13311(2)-1992, the rebound hammer test has the following
objectives:

1. To determine the compressive strength of the concrete by relating the rebound index
and the compressive strength.
2. To assess the uniformity of the concrete.
3. To assess the quality of the concrete based on the standard specifications.
4. To relate one concrete element with other in terms of quality.
Rebound hammer test method can be used to differentiate the acceptable and questionable
parts of the structure or to compare two different structures based on strength.
PROCEDURE OF REBOUND HAMMER TEST:
Procedure for rebound hammer test on concrete structure starts with calibration of the
rebound hammer. For this, the rebound hammer is tested against the test anvil made of steel
having Brinell hardness number of about 5000 N/mm2. After the rebound hammer is tested
for accuracy on the test anvil, the rebound hammer is held at right angles to the surface of the
concrete structure for taking the readings. The test thus can be conducted horizontally on
vertical surface and vertically upwards or downwards on horizontal surfaces as shown in
figure below If the rebound hammer is held at intermediate angle, the rebound number will
be different for the same concrete.

The impact energy required for the rebound hammer is different for different applications.
Approximate Impact energy levels are mentioned in the table-1 below for different
applications.
 Approximate Impact Energy for
SL.NO Applications
Rebound Hammer in Nm

1 For Normal Weight Concrete 2.25

For light weight concrete / For

2 small and impact resistive 0.75
concrete parts

For mass concrete testing E.g.: In

3 roads, hydraulic structures and 30.00
pavements

Points to Remember in Rebound Hammer Test

1. The concrete surface should be smooth, clean and dry.

2. Ant loose particles should be rubbed off from the concrete surface with a grinding
wheel or stone, before hammer testing.

3. Rebound hammer test should not be conducted on rough surfaces as a result of

incomplete compaction, loss of grout, spalled or tooled concrete surface.

4. The point of impact of rebound hammer on concrete surface should be at least 20mm
away from edge or shape discontinuity.

5. Six readings of rebound number is taken at each point of testing and an average of
value of the readings is taken as rebound index for the corresponding point of
observation on concrete surface.
INTERPRETATION OF REBOUND HAMMER TEST RESULTS

After obtaining the correlation between compressive strength and rebound number, the
strength of structure can be assessed. In general, the rebound number increases as the
strength increases and is also affected by a number of parameters i.e. type of cement, type of
aggregate, surface condition and moisture content of the concrete, curing and age of
concrete, carbonation of concrete surface etc.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF REBOUND HAMMER
TEST:

The advantages of Rebound hammer tests are:

1. Apparatus is easy to use

2. Determines uniformity properties of the surface
3. The equipment used is inexpensive
4. Used for the rehabilitation of old monuments

The disadvantages of Rebound Hammer Test:

1. The results obtained is based on a local point

2. The test results are not directly related to the strength and the deformation property of
the surface
3. The probe and spring arrangement will require regular cleaning and maintenance
4. Flaws cannot be detected with accuracy

FACTORS INFLUENCING REBOUND HAMMER TEST

Below mentioned are the important factors that influence rebound hammer test:

1. Type of Aggregate
2. Type of Cement
3. Surface and moisture condition of the concrete
4. Curing and Age of concrete
5. Carbonation of concrete surface

Type of Aggregate
The correlation between compressive strength of concrete and the rebound number will vary
with the use of different aggregates. Normal correlations in the results are obtained by the
use of normal aggregates like gravels and crushed aggregates. The use of lightweight
aggregates in concrete will require special calibration to undergo the test.
Type of Cement
The concrete made of high alumina cement ought to have higher compressive strength
compared to Ordinary Portland cement. The use of super sulphated cement in concrete
decrease the compressive strength by 50% compared to that of OPC.

Type of Surface and Moisture Condition

The rebound hammer test work best for close texture concrete compared with open texture
concrete.  Concrete with high honeycombs and no-fines concrete is not suitable to be tested
by rebound hammer. The strength is overestimated by the test when testing floated or
trowelled surfaces when compared with moulded surfaces. Wet concrete surface if tested
will give a lower strength value. This underestimation of strength can go lower to 20% that
of dry concrete.

Type of curing and age of concrete

As time passes, the relation between the strength and hardness of concrete will change.
Curing conditions of concrete and their moisture exposure conditions also affects this
relationship. For concrete with an age between 3days to 90 days is exempted from the effect
of age. For greater aged concrete special calibrated curves is necessary.

Carbonation on Concrete Surface

A higher strength is estimated by the rebound hammer on a concrete that is subjected to
carbonation. It is estimated to be 50% higher. So the test has to be conducted by removing
the carbonated layer and testing by rebound hammer over non-carbonated layer of concrete.
SITE RESULTS:
REBOUND HAMMER TEST REPORT
Type of
Rebound Hammer Equivalent
SL.N Number Averag Compressive structure: RCC
Location Angle structure
O e RHN Strength
1 2 3 4 5 6
(N/mm2)

1
C1-
30 31 31 34 31 0 22
COLUMN:
COLUMNs
Face-1 30 32 30
C1-
34
2 Face-2 40 33 30 37 32 30 0 28 20

10

0
Equivalent Com-
pressive Strength
(N/mm2)

1 C1-Face-1
2 C1-Face-2

BEAM: BEAMs
Rebound Hammer Equivalent
Number Average Angl Compressive 35
SL.NO Location 30
RHN e Strength 25
1 2 3 4 5 6
(N/mm2) 20
15
B1- 4 10
1 38 36 41 40 39 -90 30
Face-1 0 41 5
0
1
Equivalent Com-
pressive Strength
INCLINED SLAB: (N/mm2)

Rebound Hammer
Equivalent SLAB
Number
SL.N Locatio Averag Angl Compressi
38.5
O n e RHN e ve Strength
1 2 3 4 5 6 (N/mm2) 38

S1- 3 3 3 3 3 3 37.5
1 33 -45 38
Face-1 4 0 0 6 2 3
37

SLAB: 36.5

36
Rebound Hammer Equivalent
Locatio Number Average Compressive 35.5
SL.NO Angle
n RHN Strength
1 2 3 4 5 6 35
(N/mm2) 1
S2- 3
1 34 34 36 36 -90 36 SLAB:
Face-1 8 38 36 INCLINED SLAB
RIGID PAVEMENT: RIGID
PAVE
Rebound Hammer Equivalent MENT
Locatio Number Average Compressive
SL.NO Angle 16
n RHN Strength 14
1 2 3 4 5 6
(N/mm2) 12
10
2 8
1 P1 30 30 30 30 90 15 6
8 30 30 4
2
0
1

Equivalent Com-
pressive Strength
(N/mm2)

Average Rebound Number Quality of Concrete

>40 Very Good Hard Layer
30 to 40 Good Layer
20 to 30 Fair
<20 Poor Concrete
0 Delaminated

Remarks:

Based on rebound hammer test report and physical site inspection the existing structure can
be used for future usage.
 CHAPTER 2
BAR BENDING SHEDULE
Calculation of the total quantity of TMT Steel Bar required for building construction is
termed as Bar Bending Schedule. Steel Bar reinforce in concrete structure therefore the
construction structure can withstand during the tension

Bar bending schedule or schedule of bars is a tabular representation of reinforcement bar. It

is generally represented for each type of R.C.C work. With the help of bar bending schedule
the requirement of different length and sizes of bars may be known and can be arranged and
bent-up during the time of construction.
BAR BENDING SHEDULE STANDERD TABLE:
Bar bending schedule is a table form data in which various diameters of steel, the shape of
bending, length of each bent and straight portions, angles of bending, the total length of each
bar, and a number of each type of bar.
 INPUT OF BEAM DETAILS BAR BENDING
SHEDULE OF BEAM:
  in m in mm
Length of beam in meter 6.46 6460
Width of beam in meter 0.23 230
Depth of beam in meter 0.6 600
NO. OF ITEMS 5 in numbers
Diameter of BOTTOM bar 0.012 12
Diameter of EXTRA bar 0.016 16
Diameter of TOP bar 0.012 12
NO. OF TOP BARS 2 in numbers
NO. OF BOTTOM BARS 2 in numbers
NO. OF EXTRA TOP BARS 2 in numbers
NO. OF EXTRA BOTTOM BARS 2 in numbers
SPACING OF STIRRUPS 0.15 150
SUPPORT WIDTH 0.23 230
Diameter of stirups 0.008 8
Length of bottom extra bar 4.3 4300
length of top extra bar 3 3000

SL NO. OF NO. OF CUTTING TOTAL UNIT TOTAL

NO. DESCRIPTION ITEMS BARS LENGTH LENGTH WEIGHT WEIGHT  
1 BOTTEM BARS 5 2 6.45 64.46 0.89 57.2  
2 TOP BARS 5 2 6.45 64.46 0.89 57.2  
3 STIRRUPS 5 42 1.73 367.18 0.39 144.9  
EXTRA (BOTTOM)
4 BAR 5 2 4.41 44.08 1.58 69.6  
5 EXTRA (TOP) BAR 5 2 12 120 1.58 189.4  

            SUM= 518.3 Kg
BAR INPUT OF FOOTING DETAILS
  F1 F2 F3
NO OF ITEMS 4 6 2
X-DIRECTION(length in m) 1.8 1.75 1.25
Y-DIRECTION (length in m) 1.25 1.5 1.25
SPACING 0.15 0.15 0.15
DIA OF BARS 12 12 12
NO. OF BAR 4 6 2
DEPTH OF THE FOOTING 0.3 0.3 0.3

BENDING SHEDULE OF FOOTING:

NO. DIA NO.

OF OF OF CUTTING TOTAL UNIT TOTAL
SL.NO DISCRIPTION TERMS BAR BAR LENGTH LENGTH WEIGHT WEIGHT  
X-DIRECTION 4 12 4 2.052 32.832 0.89 29.15  
F1
Y-DIRECTION 4 12 4 1.502 24.032 0.89 21.34
                   
X-DIRECTION 6 12 6 2.002 72.072 0.89 63.99  
F2
Y-DIRECTION 6 12 6 1.752 63.072 0.89 55.99  
                   
X-DIRECTION 2 12 2 1.502 6.008 0.89 5.33  
F3
Y-DIRECTION 2 12 2 1.502 6.008 0.89 5.33  
              SUM= 181.13 Kg