Aircraft Production, Maintenance Planning and
SUBMISSION FOR APPROVAL TO
Control
AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURERS
1. AIRBUS
2. BOEING
3. ATR
4. BOMBARDIER
5. LOCKHEED MARTIN
6. CESSNA
NOTABLE AIRCRAFTS
- AIRBUS A330, A320-21, A310
- BOEING 777, 737, 747, 737
AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
1. AIRCRAFT DESIGN
- Done by engineers from the Research
and Development (R&D) Team
2. POWERPLANT DESIGN & SELECTION
- Done by engine manufacturers.
- Aircraft with the same airframe
configuration but with a new engine
type are often tagged as NEO (NEW
ENGINE OPTION)
- Decisions to proceed with new engine
options are typically due to:
Fuel Economy
Environment Protection
- Some of the famous Engine
Manufacturers are: Pratt and Whitney,
Rolls Royce, GE and etc.
3. COMPONENT & INSTRUMENT
PRODUCTION and SELECTION
- Selection is being done by overall
aircraft manufacturer
- Production is being done by each
individual manufacturer
4.
AUTHORITY
- Done by the overall aircraft
manufacturer.
- Aircraft Designs are being assessed and
confirm by an authority commonly
known as the State of Design
- the State having jurisdiction over the
organization responsible for the type
design or other approved design. The
word “State” does not refer to one of
the United States, but to a country that
is a signatory to the Chicago Convention
and a member of ICAO.
- EASA, FAA
5. Production
- Done in different areas; normally final
assembly line is in one area selected by
the AC manufacturer.
6. Test Flight
- Done by AC manufacturer test pilots.
- IF an aircraft is an existing design and
NOT experimental; the test flight crew
will include customer representatives;
whom will be tasked if customer
specific requirements are met.
- TEST FLIGHTS are being conducted by
licensed test pilots employed by the
aircraft OEM.
AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE TASKS
AIRLINE and Approved Maintenance
Organization (AMO) Responsibilities:
AIRLINES:
• Responsible for the overall
airworthiness of the aircraft.
• Responsible for creating the Approved
Maintenance Program.
• Responsible for monitoring
Airworthiness Directives (AD) and
Service Bulletins.
 • Responsible for creation of Engineering
Work Orders.
Responsible for distribution of Technical
Data to AMO
AMO
• Responsible for the execution of
airline’s Aircraft Maintenance Program
• Responsible for aircraft sign-off.
Responsible for obtaining personnel
who are licensed and authorized
LINE MAINTENANCE TASKS
- Aircraft maintenance activity carried
out whilst the aircraft remains in the
operating environment and is
substantially fit to fly subject to specific,
relatively straightforward, rectification
tasks such as replacement of any
component designated as a Line
Replaceable Unit (LRU).
- Routine in-service Inspections and day-
to-day Check actions in accordance with
pre-determined schedules form a
significant part of line maintenance
activity.
Line Maintenance Tasks Typically
include:
1. Pre-flight Check/Post flight
2. A-check
3. Engine Change
Line Maintenance Tasks Classification:
1. Routine
2. Non-Routine
ROUTINE TASK
Are scheduled tasks being performed in order
to maintain aircraft airworthiness
This type of task will typically include: Daily
Checks Pre-Flight Checks Scheduled Inspections
(driven by a deferred defect requirement
This routine tasks are scheduled in reference to
the Aircraft Maintenance Plan
PRE-FLIGHT CHECK
an inspection being performed by pilots, cabin
crew and mechanics before an aircraft is
released for flight.
This is being done through utilization of a
checklist. For airline operations; Pilots, Cabin
crew and mechanics will normally have
different types of checklists to cover more items
on a short turnaround time.
On a typical airline set-up. Pre flight checks are
being done on the first flight of the day of the
aircraft.
For all the other flights of the aircraft within the
rest of the day; pilots do an inspection called a
walk around check/360 inspection
POST FLIGHT CHECK
an inspection being performed normally by
mechanics after the aircraft’s last flight of the
day.
This is being done through utilization of a
checklist.
This is being done in order to monitor status of
most of the major aircraft components, pilots
inputs and etc.
With this being done, checks for defects and
possible enhancement of the aircraft
maintenance plan is being achieved.
Should there be findings, during this check; this
will be categorized as non-routine task
A CHECK
This is the next higher level of scheduled
maintenance. It is normally accomplished at a
designated maintenance station in the route
structure and includes the opening of access
panels to check and service certain items. Some
limited special tooling, servicing, and test
equipment is required. The 'A' check includes
the lower check.
Examples of 'A' check items include:
• General external visual inspection of aircraft
structure for evidence of damage, deformation,
corrosion, missing parts
• Check crew oxygen system pressure
• Operationally check emergency lights
• Lubricate nose gear retract actuator
• Check parking brake accumulator pressure
• Perform Built-in Test Equipment (BITE) test of
Flap/Slat Electronics Unit
ENGINE CHANGE
As the title implies, this task requires removal
and installation of an engine.
This task maybe driven of either a damaged
engine, or an engine that reached its time
limitations.
Engine change tasks can be done on line
environment. Provided that protection for
adverse weather is well prepared before the
task begins.
However, if given the chance; these task is
preferably done inside a hangar.
Non-Routine Tasks
Are tasks that arises from aircraft defects. In
short, these type of tasks are not originally
scheduled and is not part of the Aircraft
Maintenance Plan.
This tasks mostly are from defect rectification
like:
- Busted/Worn out tires.
- Component Failure
Some of these tasks also arises from findings
noted while performing checks listed on the
routine tasks. (e.g. Pre-flight checks)
MX INTERVALS
Maintenance Intervals are set to prevent an
aircraft part or component from being utilized
past its limitations.
These intervals are limitations which serves as
guide for a requirement of either an inspection
or part replacement
MX INTERVALS
Flight Hours (FH), for items that are in constant
operation e.g., Fuel Pumps, Electric Generators
Flight Cycles (FC), for items operated once or
twice per flight e.g., Landing gear, air starter,
brakes, hull pressurisations.
Calendar Time (Cal), for items exposed whether
operated or not e.g., Fire Extinguishers,
Corrosion to Structure
Operating hours, for items did not operate
every flight, or otherwise independent of FH or
FC e.g. APU operation
On typical airline set-up maintenance intervals
are being uploaded into a system such as
AMOS. The system uses the inputs to generate
maintenance forecast.