DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY-DASMARINAS

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 2
CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS IN WOOD, STEEL AND CONCRETE (SINGLE STOREY BUILDING)

Common Vernacular Terms in Construction

 UNDERSTANDING CONSTRUCTION TERMS

Familiarization with construction language and mastery of

vernacular terms is very important for it will help you
understand what your local construction workers is saying or
asking so that you will not be cheated later on. It will also help
you in overseeing their works and save some cash.
 PERSONNEL

KONTRATISTA
Contractor - responsible for planning,
leading, executing, supervising and
inspecting a building construction
project. The responsibility extends from
the beginning to the end of the project,
regardless of its scope.

Source: Google Images

 PERSONNEL

KAPATAS
Foreman - is responsible to lead a team
or crew in completing a construction
project.

Source: Google Images

 PERSONNEL

KARPINTERO
Carpenters - skilled craftsmen who
work in the construction and cabinet
making industry. They fabricate all sorts
of wood constructions; from entire
frameworks of buildings, to custom
kitchens or ornate details on wood trim.
Source: Google Images
 PERSONNEL

LATERO
Tinsmith – installs and creates decorative
designs and functional items, such as
gutters and roofs, awnings, moldings, grills
and walls. Attention to detail and fine hand
motor skills are essential qualities in his
construction profession.
Source: Google Images
 PERSONNEL

KANTERO
Mason – responsible for the laying of
building materials such as bricks,
concrete blocks, concrete and other
natural and man-made stones to build
walkways, walls, fences and other
masonry structures.
Source: Google Images
 PERSONNEL

PINTOR
Painter - makes things look clean and
finished. They use brushes, rollers, and
power sprayers to apply paint, stain,
and coatings to walls, buildings,
bridges, and other structures.

Source: Google Images

 PERSONNEL

PIYON
Laborer – unskilled or semi-skilled
worker who assist the masons or
carpenters in construction

Source: Google Images

 MEASUREMENTS

PULGADA - Inches PIYE – feet

Source: Google Images

 MEASUREMENTS

MEDYA – half inch MEDIA CANA – Quarter Round

Source: Google Images

 MEASUREMENTS

DANGKAL DIPA
Length from tip of your thumb to the tip of Span of two extended arms
your pinky finger (length depends on whose
hand you’re using).

Source: Google Images

 MATERIALS

ESKONDRO LASTILLAS
crushed stones Sand and gravel mixture used as earth fill

Source: Google Images

 MATERIALS

LADRILLO BALDOSA
Bricks are manufactured from raw clay as Cement tiles are made from a mixture of
their primary ingredient. sand, cement, color pigment, and a marble
powder that is poured into metal molds.

Source: Google Images

 MATERIALS

KONKRETO PAUPO
Concrete is made up of three basic Mortar is a mixture of sand, cement and water
components: water, aggregate (rock, sand, to fill the gaps between the bricks and blocks.
or gravel) and Portland cement.

Source: Google Images

 MATERIALS

REBOKADA PALITADA
Scratch Coat – rough coat of plaster Plastering is a process by which coarse
surfaces of walls or are rendered to
provide smoothness.

Source: Google Images

 MATERIALS

MASILYA
Putty – a cementitious substance, whose
primary function is to even out the surface
and create a levelled one for further coats
of paint.
LETSADA
Grout - a mortar or paste for filling crevices,
especially the gaps between wall or floor tiles.

Source: Google Images

 MATERIALS

TABLA HASPE
Wood plank - timber that is flat, Wood grain - distinct markings on a piece of
elongated, and rectangular with parallel wood or wood veneer.
faces that are higher and longer than
wide.

Source: Google Images

 MATERIALS

BISAGRA TURNILYO
Hinge -joint that holds two pieces of Screw - metal fasteners that have a threaded
something together while allowing one shank, which is driven by turning.
piece to move in a swinging motion

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

ESTAKA HULOG
Staking - consists of placing stakes on the Plumb bob to check if the walls are vertically
ground where proposed features are to be aligned.
built.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

BALANGKAS PLANTSA
Wooden framework of a house Scaffolding is a temporary structure used to support
a work crew and materials to aid in the
construction, maintenance and repair of buildings.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

HALIGI Biga
Post - main vertical or leaning support in a Beam run horizontally along the main walls of
structure, similar to a column or pillar, but the a building at ceiling level, supporting the weight
term post generally refers to a timber but of floors, ceilings and roofs of a building.
may be metal or stone.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

SOLERAS KOSTILYAHE
Floor Joists - parallel pieces of material that Ceiling joists - beams laid across the top of the walls to
support a floor. tie the walls together and to provide a support for the
ceilings.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

GUILILAN SEPO
Girder - The main horizontal support of Girt - A key horizontal timber or beam
a structure that supports smaller used to connect posts or sills.
beams.

Source: Google Maps

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

Tabike Pamakuan
Siding or Wall Cladding or other material Nailer - block of wood installed within construction to
that forms the sides of a structure or house. provide a means of attaching other pieces of wood or
materials.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

Pilarete Pabalagbag
Vertical Stud - a vertical board that Horizontal studs - the top and bottom
reaches from the top to the bottom of a plate where vertical studs are nailed
wall to support it.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

TAMBOL RODAPIS
False wall or board to cover Baseboard usually wooden or vinyl board covering
imperfections or pipes the joint between the wall surface and the floor.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

KILO PERLINA OR REOSTRA

Truss or Rafter - the sloped structural Purlin - horizontal beams that are used for
members that support the roof. structural support in buildings.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

TAHILAN BARAKILAN or TABIKE

Top Chord - inclined or horizontal Bottom Chord - the bottom horizontal
member that establishes the upper edge or inclined member of a truss.
of a truss.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

ALULOD TUBO DE BANADA

Gutter – horizontal metal along the eaves of Downspout – pipe that carries rainwater
the roof to guide rain water away from the from the gutter.
building.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

SENEPA SIBE
Fascia Board is the long, straight board
Eave is the part of the roof that hangs over
along the lower edge of the roof that
the structure of a building or house.
supports the roof structure and holds up the
gutters.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

DOS AGUAS QUATRO AGUAS

Gable Roof - has two sides or slopes Hip roof - has 4 sides or slopes

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

MADRE MADRINA GABAY

Handrail - a rail that is
Stringer - the support frame piece to
designed to be grasped
which the risers and treads of the stairs
by the hand so as to
are attached.
provide stability or
support.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

BARANDILYA BALUSTRE
Railings - used on stairs and balconies
Baluster - the narrow rods or spindles that
as a means of providing separation,
provide vertical support for the stair railing.
support and safety.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

BAYTANG TAKIP
Tread - horizontal parts which people Riser - vertical portion of a step providing
step on support to the tread

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

HAMBA SOMBRERO
Window head - the main horizontal part
Jamb - a frame surrounding the door
forming the top of the window frame
or window.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

ABANG
Dowel - short steel bars that are installed
in concrete slabs to provide a mechanical
connection that doesn't restrict horizontal
joint movement.
ANILYO
Rebar Ties – used to tie the reinforcing bars
together so that it does not shift or move during
placement of the concrete.

Source: Google Images

 STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS

AMPAO KAPAK
Honeycomb Air Pockets on the Hollow portion in tiles which are caused by air
surface of the concrete if not applied pockets between the tile and the concrete surface
properly.

Source: Google Images