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RELATIVE CLAUSES.

A clause is part of a sentence. A relative clause tells us which person or thing the speaker means.
We use who when we are talking about people and that or which when we are talking about
things.

1.- In this exercises you have to explain what some words mean. Choose the right meaning from
the list and then write sentence with who. Use a dictionary if necessary.

steals from a shop buys something from a shop

designs buildings pays rent to live in a house or flat
he / she doesn’t believe in God he / she breaks into a house to steal things
is not brave no longer works and gets money from
the state.

1.- ( an architect ) __________________________________________________________

2.- ( a burglar ) ____________________________________________________________
3.- ( a custumer ) ___________________________________________________________
4.- ( a shoplifter ) __________________________________________________________
5.- ( a coward ) ____________________________________________________________
6.- ( an atheist ) ____________________________________________________________
7.- ( a pensioner ) __________________________________________________________
8.- ( a tenant ) _____________________________________________________________

2.- Make one sentence from two. Use who / that / which.

1.- A girl was injured in the accident. She is now in hospital.

_________________________________________________________________________

2.- A man answered the phone. He told me you were away.

_________________________________________________________________________

3.- A waitress served us. She was very impolite and impatient.
_________________________________________________________________________

4.- A building was destroyed in the fire. It is now being rebuilt.

_________________________________________________________________________

5.- Some people were arrested. They have now been released.
_________________________________________________________________________

6.- A bus goes to the airport. It runs every half hour.

________________________________________________________________________
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3.- Complete the sentences. Choose the most suitable ending from the box and make it into a
relative clause.

he invented the telephone it makes washing machines

she runs away from home it gives you the meaning of words
they are never on time it won the race
they stole my car it can support life
they were on the wall it cannot be explained.

1.- Barbara works for a company ______________________________________________

2.- The book is about a girl ___________________________________________________
3.- What was the name of the horse_____________________________________________
4.- The police have caught the men ____________________________________________
5.- Alexander Bell was the man _______________________________________________
6.- What’s happened to the pictures_____________________________________________
7.- A mystery is something ___________________________________________________
8.- A dictionary is a book ____________________________________________________
9.- I don’t like people _______________________________________________________
10.- It seems that Earth is the only planet ________________________________________

We must always use who / that / which when it is the subject of the relative clause.
Ex. The woman who lives next door is a doctor. Who is the subject of the relative clause and
cannot be omitted.
But we can omit who /that / which when it the object of the verb.
Ex. The woman who I wanted to see is away on holiday. I is the subject here and who is the
object of the verb so we can leave it out.

4.- In some of these sentences you don’t need who or what. If you don’t need these words, put
them in brackets like this ( who ) ( that ) .

1.- The woman who lives next door is a doctor. ( ‘who’ is necessary in this sentence)

2.- Have you found the keys (that) you lost? ( in these sentence you don’t need ‘that’)

3.- The people who we met at the party were very friendly.

4.- The people who work in the office are very friendly.

5.- The people who I talked to were very friendly.

6.- What have you done with the money that I gave you?

7.- What happened to the money that was on the table? Did you take it?

8.- It was an awful film. It was the worst film that I’ve ever seen.

9.- It was an awful experience. It was the worst thing that has ever happened to me.
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5.- Complete these sentences with a relative clause. Use the sentence in the box to make your
relative clause.

we hired a car you’re going to see a film I invited some people to the party
Ann is wearing a dress you had to do some work Tom recommended a hotel to us
you lost some keys we wanted to visit a museum

1.- Have you found the keys________________________________________________?

2.- I like the dress _______________________________________________________.
3.- The museum ____________________________________was shut when we got there
4.- What’s the name of the film_____________________________________________?
5.- Some of the people _________________________________________couldn’t come.
6.- Have you finished the work _____________________________________________?
7.- The car _______________________________________ broke down after a few miles
8.- We stayed at the hotel __________________________________________________.

6.- Complete these sentences using a relative clause with a preposition.

we went to the party last night you have rely on George we were invited to a wedding
I work with a number of people I applied for a job you told me about a hotel
yu were looking for some keys I saw you with a man

1.- Are these the keys ______________________________________________________?

2.- Unfortunately we couldn’t go to the wedding __________________________________
3.- I enjoy my job. I like the people ____________________________________________
4.- What’s the name of that hotel _____________________________________________?
5.- The party ____________________________________________wasn’t very enjoyable.
6.- I didn’t get the name of that hotel __________________________________________?
7.- George is a good person to know. He’s somebody _____________________________.
8.- Who was that man ________________________________________ in the restaurant?.

7.- Put in that or what. If the sentence is complete with or without that, write ( that ) – in
brackets.

1.- I gave her all the money ______________________ I had.

2.- They give their children everything __________________________________they want
3.- Tell me __________________________________ you want and I’ll try to get it for you
4.- Why do you blame me for everything ______________________________goes wrong?
5.- I won’t be able to do much but I’ll do the best _____________________________I can.
6.- I can only lend you ten pounds. It’s all ________________________________I’ve got.
7.- I don’t agree with __________________________________________ you’ve just said.
8.- I don’t trust him. I don’t believe anything ______________________________ he says

We can use where in a relative clause to talk about a place..

Ex. The hotel where we stayed wasn’t very clean.

We use whose instead of his / her / their.

Ex. A widow is someone whose husband is dead.
We use whom instead of who when it is the object of the verb in the relative clause.
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Ex. The woman whom I wanted to see was on holiday.

We the day / the year / the time something happens or that something happens.
Ex. Do you still remember the day (that) we first met?
The last time (that) I saw her, she looked very well.

We say the reason something happens or that / why something happens.

Ex. The reason I’m phoning you is to invite you to a party.
The reason that I’m phoning …….
The reason why I’m phoning you …..

8.- Complete the sentence. Use the sentence in the box to make relative clauses with where.

I want to buy some postcards I was born in a town

Ann bought address in a shop we want to have a really good meal
John is staying at a hotel we had the car repaired at a garage

1.- I recently went back to the town ________________________________________

2.- Do you know a restaurant ______________________________________________?
3.- Is there a shop near here _______________________________________________?
4.- I can’t remember the name of the hotel _____________________________________
5.- Do you know the name of the hotel _______________________________________?
6.- Ann bought a dress which didn’t fit her, so she took it back to the shop ___________.

9.- Complete each sentence using who / whom / whose / where.

1.- What’s the name of the man ________________________________ car you borrowed?
2.- A cemetery is a place _____________________________________ people are buried.
3.- A pacifist is a person ___________________________believes that all wars are wrong.
4.- An orphan is a child _______________________________________ parents are dead.
5.- The place ___________________________ we spent our holidays was really beautiful.
6.- This school is only for children _____________________ first language is not English.
7.- I don’t know the name of the woman to _____________________ I spoke on the phone.

10.- Use your own ideas to complete these sentences. They are like the ones in section D and E.

1.- I’ll always remember the day ______________________________________________

2.- I’ll never forget the time __________________________________________________
3.- The reason ________________________________was that I didn’t know your address.
4.- Unfortunately I wasn’t at home the evening __________________________________
5.- The reason ____________________________________ is that they don’t need one.
6.- 1989 was the year ______________________________________________________.