Bahagian A

Section A

[60 markaj]
[60 marks]

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini

Answer all questions in this section

1 Rajah 1 menunjukkan tindakan enzim maltase ke atas substrat P

Diagram 1 shows the action of maltase enzyme on substrat P

Rajah 1
Diagram 1

(a) Namakan molekul P dan Q.

Name molecules P and Q.
P:_____________________________________________________________

Q:_____________________________________________________________
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

(b) Tindakan enzim maltase ke atas substrat P adalah spesifik.

Terangkan pernyataan ini.
The action of maltase enzyme on substrat P is specific.
Explain this statement.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

(c) Berdasarkan Rajah 1, nyatakan dua ciri enzim maltase yang lain.
Based on Diagram 1, state two other characteristics of maltase enzyme.
1._______________________________________________________________

2._______________________________________________________________
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

1
2 Rajah 2 menunjukkanstruktur satu sel tumbuhan yang dilihat di bawah
mikroskop elektron.
Diagram 2 shows the structure of a plant cell as seen under an electron
microscope.

Rajah 2
Diagram 2
(a) Namakan komponen sel Q dan R.
Name molecules P and Q.
Q:_____________________________________________________________

R:_____________________________________________________________
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

(b) Terangkan fungsi komponen sel P dalam sel meristem tumbuhan.

Explain the function of cell component P in the plant meristem cell.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

(c) Ribosom dalam Q mensintesis protein untuk menghasilkan hormon.

Terangkan kesan ke atas pertumbuhan suatu tumbuhan jika sel pada bahagian
hujung pucuk tumbuhan kekurangan ribosom.
The ribosome in Q synthesise proteins to form hormone.
Explain the effect to the plant growth if the cells in the shoot tip are lacking in
ribosomes.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

2
3 Rajah 3 menunjukkan struktur satu sel tumbuhan yang dilihat di bawah
mikroskop elektron.
Diagram 3 shows the structure of a plant cell as seen under an electron
microscope.

Rajah 3
Diagram 3

(a) Namakan sel X dan Y.

Name cells X and Y.
X:_____________________________________________________________

Y:_____________________________________________________________
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

(b)

Rajah 3.1
Diagram 3.1

Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan mekanisme pembukaan Z.

Diagram 3.1 shows the opening mechanism of Z.

Terangkan bagaimana ion W terlibat dalam mekanisme tersebut.

Explain how ion W is involved in the mechanism.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ [3 markah]
3 [3 marks]
 (c) Encik Abu petani moden menjalankan aktiviti pertanian berdekatan dengan
perindustrian. Encik Abu membuat saliran di kebunnya sebagai sumber air untuk
menyiram tanamannya.
Cadang dan terangkan satu cara yang boleh Encik Abu lakukan untuk
memastikan sumber air tersebut bebas dari sisa kimia yang dibebaskan dari
sektor perindustrian.
Mr. Abu is a modern farmer engaged in a agricultural activities close to industrial.
Mr. Abu makes drainage in his garden as a source of water to water his crops.
Suggest and explain one way that Mr. Abu can do to ensure that the water
source is free from chemical waste released from the industrial sector.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

4 Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan keratan rentas batang bagi pokok eudikotiledon.

Diagram 4.1 shows the cross section of the stem of the eudicotyledonous plant

Rajah 4.1
Diagram 4.1

(a) Berdasarkan rajah 4.1, terangkan bagaimana struktur P dan Q disesuaikan untuk
menjalankan fungsinya.
Based on Diagram 4.1, explain how structure P and Q are adapted to their
function.
Struktur P:

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Struktur Q:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
4
(b ) Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan pokok X dan Y berada pada dua lokasi yang berbeza.
Diagram 4.2 shows plant X and Y at two different location.

Rajah 4.2
Diagram 4.2

Berdasarkan rajah 4.2, terangkan perbezaan kadar transpirasi antara pokok X

dan Y.
Based on Diagram 4.2, explain the differences between transpiration rate in plant
X and Y
________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________ [2 markah]
[2 marks]

(c ) Rajah menunjukkan bahagian batang pokok itu yang gelang kulitnya telah
dibuang.
Diagram shows the part of a stem of the tree where the ring of bark has been
removed.

Rajah 4.3
Diagram 4.3

5
 (i) Ramalkan keadaan Z selepas satu bulan.
Predict the condition at Z after one month.
_________________________________________________________________ [1 markah]
[1 mark]
(ii) Terangkan ramalan anda.
Explain your prediction.

[2 markah]
[2 marks]

5 (a) Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan satu jenis gerakbalas dalam satu tumbuhan.
Diagram 5.1 shows a type of response in a plant.

Rajah 5.1
Diagram 5.1

(i) Dalam Jadual 1,tandakan [ / ] satu ciri gerak balas seperti yang ditunjukkan
dalam Rajah 5.1
In Table 1, mark [ / ] one characteristics of response shown in Diagram 5.1

Gerak balas adalah lebih cepat dan jelas

Response is quicker and apparent

Gerak balas adalah sementara dan dipengaruhi oleh hormon tumbuhan

Response is temporary and influenced by plant hormones

Arah gerak balas bergantung kepada rangsangan

The response direction depends on the direction of the stimulus [1 markah]
[1 mark]

6
 (ii) Berdasarkan Rajah 5.1, terangkan peranan auksin dalam gerak balas tersebut.
Based on Diagram 5.1 explain the role of auxin in the response.

[2 markah]
[2 marks]
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan gerak balas yang ditunjukkan oleh anak benih yang
diletakkandalam keadaan gelap.
Diagram 5.2 shows the response by a seedling that is placed in the dark.

Rajah 5.2
Diagram 5.2

(b) (i) Berdasarkan Rajah 5.2,

Based on Diagram 5.2,

Nyatakan jenis gerak balas yang berlaku.

State the type of response that occurs.

________________________________________________________________ [1 markah]
[1 mark]

(ii) Terangkan kesan kepekatan hormon auksin terhadap gerak balas di bahagian
pucuk.
Explain the effect of auxin hormone concentration on the response of the shoot
plant

[2 markah]
[2 marks]

7
(c ) Rajah 5.3 menunjukkan kaedah yang dijalankan oleh seorang petani bagi
menghasilkan buah tembikai tanpa biji.
Diagram 5.3 shows a method that is carried out by a farmer to produce seedless
watermelon.

Rajah 5.3
Diagram 5.3

(i) Ramalkan apa yang akan berlaku kepada kemandirian spesies buah tanpa biji.
Terangkan jawapan anda.
Predict what will happen to the survival of the seedless fruit species.
Explain your answer.

[2 markah]
[2 marks]

8
6 Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan tumbuhan P dan tumbuhan Q yang dibekalkan dengan
bahan radioaktif yang berlainan. Tumbuhan P didedahkan kepada karbon
dioksida beradioaktif manakala tumbuhan Q ditanam dalam tanah bernutrien
yang mengandungi ion fosfat beradioaktif.
Diagram 6.1 shows plant P and Q that were supplied with different radioactive
substances. Plant P was exposed to radioactive carbon dioxide while plant Q was
planted in nutrient soil containing radioactive phosphate ions.

Rajah 6.1
Diagram 6.1
(a ) Selepas 8 jam, kedua-dua tumbuhan diuji untuk keradioaktifan. Sukrosa
radioaktif hadir dalam tumbuhan P dan fosforus radioaktif hadir dalam tumbuhan
Q.
After 8 hours, both plants were tested for radioactivity. Radioactive sucrose is
present in plant P and radioactive phosphorus is present in plant Q.

[2 markah]
[2 marks]

9
(b) Terangkan bagaimana ion fosfat diambil oleh akar tumbuhan.
Explain how the phosphate ions are taken up by the plant roots.

[2 markah]
[2 marks]

(c ) Satu lagi eksperimen disediakan seperti dalam Rajah 6.2 untuk tumbuhan R.
Another experiment was set up as in Diagram 6.2 for plant R.

(i) Antara daun J, K, L dan M, yang manakah tidak akan menunjukkan keputusan
positif untuk sukrosa beradioaktif?
Terangkan jawapan anda.

Which leaves J, K, L and M, would not be tested positive for radioactive sucrose?
Explain your answer.

[2 markah]
[2 marks]

(ii) Antara daun J, K, L dan M, yang manakah akan menunjukkan ujian positif untuk
fosforus beradioaktif?
Terangkan jawapan anda.
Which leaves J, K, L dan M, would be tested for radioactive phosphorus?
Explain your answer.
[2 markah]
[2 marks]

10
 Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan keratan memanjang organ pembiakan bagi suatu
tumbuhan.
Diagram 7.1 shows the longitudinal section of reproduction organ of plant.

Rajah 7.1
Diagram 7.1

(a ) Namakan struktur X.
Name the structure X.

_________________________________________________________________ [1 markah]
[1 marks]

(b) Terangkan peranan struktur X dalam persenyawaan ganda dua.

Explain the role of structure X in double fertilisation.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________ [2 markah]
[2 marks]

(c ) Terangkan kepentingan proses pembahagian sel pada nukleus penjana dalam

pembentukan embrio.
Explain the importance of cell division in the generative nucleus to form embryo

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________ [2 markah]
[2 marks]

11
(d) Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan satu biji benih tumbuhan angiosperma.
Diagram 7.2 shows one seed of an angiosperm plant.

Rajah 7.2
Diagram 7.2
(i) Cadangkan satu cara yang boleh diambil untuk menyimpan biji benih itu dalam
keadaan dorman.
Terangkan jawapan anda.
Suggest one way that can be taken to keep the seed in a state of dormant.
Expalin your answer.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________ [2 markah]
[2 marks]

(ii) Terangkan ciri-ciri biji benih untuk memastikan kemandirian anak benih.
Describe the features of seeds to ensure the survival of seedlings.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ [2 markah]
[2 marks]

12
8 Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan peringkat-peringkat pertumbuhan dalam batang pokok
dikotiledon.
Diagram 8.1 shows the stages of growth in dicotyledonous stem.

Rajah 8.1
Diagram 8.1
(a ) (i) Namakan tisu X dan Y.
Name tissue X and Y.

X:_____________________________________________________________

Y:_____________________________________________________________ [2 markah]
[2 marks]

(ii) Jelaskan peranan tisu Y dalam pertumbuhan dalam Rajah 8.1 di atas.
Explain the role of tissue Y in growth in Diagram 8.1 above.

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________ [2 markah]
[2 marks]

(b) Namakan jenis pertumbuhan rajah 8.1 di atas.

Name the type of growth Diagram 8.1 above.

______________________________________________________________ [1 markah]
[1 mark]

(c ) Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan keratan rentas batang bagi tumbuhan X dan Y.

Diagram 8.2 shows the cross section of stems for plant X and Y.

Rajah 8.1
Diagram 8.1
13
 (i) Namakan jenis tumbuhan X dan tumbuhan Y berdasarkan kitar hidupnya.
Name the type of plant X and plant Y based on its life cycle.

X:_____________________________________________________________

Y:_____________________________________________________________ [2 markah]
[2 marks]

(ii) Tumbuhan yang manakah mempunyai sokongan mekanikal yang lebih kuat?
Terangkan jawapan anda.
Which plant has a stronger mechanical support?
Explain your answer.

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________ [2 markah]
[2 marks]

BAHAGIAN B
SECTION B

[20 markah]
[20 marks]

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan

Answer any one question in this section

9 Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan alveolus.

Diagram 9.1 shows the alveolus.

Rajah 9.1
Diagram 9.1
(a) Berdasarkan Rajah 9.1, huraikan proses pertukaran gas dalam sistem [6 markah]
respirasi manusia. [6 marks]
Based on Diagram 9.1, describe the process of gaseous exchange in the
respiratory system of a human.

(b) Huraikan mekanisme menarik nafas dalam manusia. [6 markah]

Describe the mechanism of inhalation in a human. [6 marks]

14
 (c ) Rajah 9.2 (a) dan rajah 9.2 (b) menunjukkan struktur dan permukaan respirasi
dua organisma yang berbeza.
Diagram 9.2 (a) and Diagram 9.2 (b) show the structures and respiratory
surfaces of two different organisms

Rajah 9.2 (a)

Diagram 9.2 (a) Rajah 9.2 (b)
Diagram 9.2 (b)

Terangkan persamaan dan perbezaan pada struktur dan permukaan respirasi

kedua-dua organisma.
Explain then similarities and differences in structures and respiratory surfaces [8 markah]
of both organisms. [8 marks]

10 Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan proses pembiakan dalam tumbuhan berbunga.

Diagram 10.1 shows a reproduction process in flowering plant.

Rajah 10.1
Diagram 10.1

(a) (i) Berdasarkan Rajah 10.1, terangkan proses X.

Based on Diagram 10.1, explain process X. [2 markah]
15 [2 marks]
 (ii) Bandingkan organ pembiakan antara bunga P dan bunga Q.
Compare the reproduction organs pembiakan antara bunga P dan bunga Q. [5 markah]
[5 marks]

(iii) Berdasarkan Rajah 10.1, terangkan bagaimana biji benih terbentuk selepas
proses X. [8 markah]
Based on Diagram 10.1, explain the formation of seed after process X. [8 marks]

(b) En. J telah menanam pokok tembikai dalam kawasan beriklim sejuk. Beliau
menanamnya dalam rumah hijau agar suhu dapat dikekalkan pada 25oC
bagi memastikan tanaman tembikai hidup denagn subur . Malangnya pokok
tembikai menghasilkan buah yang sedikit. Menurut pegawai pertanian yang
datang melawat, proses pendebungaan oleh serangga jarang berlaku dalam
rumah hijau. Beliau telah mencadangkan satu kaedah yang sesuai untuk
mengatasi masalah tersebut.

Mr. J has planted the watermelon plants in a cold climates area. He did the
cultivation in a greenhouse so that the temperature is maintained at 25oC to
ensure that his crops grow well. Unfortunately, the watermelon plant bear
very few fruits. According to the agricultural officer who came for a visit, the
pollination process by insects rarely occurs in the greenhouse. He
suggested one suitable technique to overcome the problem.

Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan buah tembikai yang dihasilkan di kebun rumah

hijau En. J selepas dia mengaplikasikan teknik yang dicadangkan oleh
pegawai pertanian tersebut.

Diagram 10.2 shows watermelon produced at Mr. J’s greenhouse farm after
he applied the technique which was suggested by the agricultural officer.

Rajah 10.2
Diagram 10.2

Terangkan teknik tersebut dan kebaikannya

Explain the technique and its advantage [5 markah]
[5 marks]

16
11 (a ) Rajah 11.1 menunjukkan tumbuhan X dan Y.
Diagram 11.1 shows plant X and Y.

Rajah 11.1
Diagram 11.1

(i) Nyatakan jenis tumbuhan X dan tumbuhan Y berdasarkan kitar hidupnya. [2 markah]
State the types of plant X and Y based on their life cycles. [2 marks]

(ii) Terangkan ciri-ciri tumbuhan X. [2 markah]

Explain the characteristics of plant X. [2 marks]

(b) Rajah 11.2 menunjukkan keratan rentas batang pokok di kawasan beriklim
sederhaan.
Diagram 11.2 shows cross section of tree trunk in temperate climate region.

Rajah 11.2
Diagram 11.2

Terangkan bagaimana corak in terbentuk. [6 markah]

Explain how the pattern is formed. [6 marks]

17
(c ) Rajah 11.3 menunjukkan graf lengkung pertumbuhan bagi tumbuhan
semusim.
Diagram 11.3 shows a growth curve graph of annual plant.

Rajah 11.3
Diagram 11.3

Terangkan peringkat P, Q, R dan S. [10 markah]

Expalin stage P, Q, R and S. [10 marks]

18