LESSON 8

Religion
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 Religion
as an institution is the shared set of
beliefs, activities based on faith in
supernatural forces.
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Photo by Gaby Baldiskaite on Unsplash

 There are 8 major religions of the world and they are:
❖ Judaism;
❖ Christianity;
❖ Islam;
❖ Hinduism;
❖ Buddhism;
❖ Confucianism;
❖ Taoism; and,
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❖ Shintoism
 World Religion by percentage
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 Religion is our source of moral strength, with the
guiding principles and spiritual virtue; we live our life
the way we want to be accepted by our society and
God.

Religions instill in us the value of kindness, decency,

honesty, empathy, love for others and most specially
our love for God.
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 How does religion impact
business?
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 Religions provide guidance regarding what is the
appropriate way to deal with societal expectations;
provide individuals with a set of principles to live
by. As they affect people, they also affect
companies and their operations through the
influence on business procedures.
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 Buddhism
“Maxims for Business”
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 Buddhism
It is the world fourth largest religion in the world. This
religion becomes prominent in East and Southeast
Asia. Buddhism is an ancient philosophical system
that follows the teachings of the Buddha.

Buddhism was founded by Siddharta Gautama, a

prince from Nepal; is a broad and multifaceted
religious tradition that focuses primarily on the reality
of worldly suffering (4 Noble Truths) and on the ways
one can be freed from such suffering
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by following the 8- Fold Path.

 Buddhism
The basic teaching of Buddhism argues that
there is no “self” nor “I” that means selflessness;
and that every person and everything in the
world is assumed to be interconnected.
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 Hinduism
“Non-violence”
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 Hinduism

Hinduism is considered the oldest

religion with no known founder.
Hinduism is a broad and inclusive
term referring to those individuals
who mostly respect and accept the
ancient traditions of India
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 Hinduism
Doing work is like doing worship
because such is the source of
personal satisfaction and benefits for
the community. Such philosophy of
work is the framework for doing
business, equating the customer to a
god; and therefore honest, efficient
service must be given to the
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customer.
 Christianity
“The Crucial Principles”
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 Christianity
is a faith based on the life, teachings,
death, and resurrection of Jesus and is
the

most practiced religion around the

world. Christianity is the most practiced
religion having the greatest number of
adherents at 2 billion
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 Christianity
Service to God must be the primary
concern over the service for money.
Justice must prevail in the conduct of
business coupled with the love for
persons and human dignity.

This religion also stresses a sense of

justice in business, such as the strict
observance of contracts, observing
regulations and working for the sake of
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the common good

 Islam
“Ethics from the Qur’an”
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 Islam
Islam is the second largest religion with
more than 1 billion adherents, in Africa, the
Middle East, China, Malaysia, and the Far
East and even in the European countries.
and continuously growing.

The history of Islam started with

Muhammad, who was born in Mecca
around A.D. 570. Muhammad believed in
one God, Allah, and recorded his divine
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revelations in the Qu’ran (Koran).

 Islam
The Qur’an (Koran) is not necessarily a
code of law, it expresses the Islamic
work ethic and the rules that should
guide Muslims as they encounter
situations in their daily lives.

In general, the Qu’ran is supportive of

entrepreneurship and earning of profits
through legitimate business activities.
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 Confucianism
“The Golden Rule”
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 Confucianism
Confucianism is one of the traditional
religions of China that started during
the 5th and 6th century BC based on the
teachings of Confucius. There are
approximately 5 million people who
practice it.
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 Confucianism
According to Confucius,
"A gentleman takes as much trouble
to discover what is right as lesser men
take to discover what will pay." Profit is
acceptable as long as it is acquired
with righteousness.
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 Taoism
“Action without action”
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 Taoism
Taoism seeks to promote the inner peace of
individuals and harmony with their
surroundings. It coexists with Confucianism in
China. "Tao" could be translated as "path" or
"the way." It's like a force that flows through
life and pervades all things.
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 Taoism
In business, Taoism encourages companies
to nourish people, take care of them just like
family members, and the aim of business
should not be personal success or gain, but
the common good.
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 Shintoism
“The way of the Gods”
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 Shintoism
The word “Shinto” was derived from
the Chinese words “shin tao” (the way
of the gods) which started in 500 B. C.
As a religious belief, the focus is on on
the worship of the kami (a host of
supernatural and mysterious beings or
deities).
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 Shintoism
In business, Shinto emphasizes
benefits for the group, treating
members of the business group like a
family; therefore, gift-giving is an
important part of Japanese culture
both in and out of the workplace and
is a good way to ensure business
deals remain friendly.
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 Business Ethics
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 Business Ethics…
Business ethics as a form of
applied is the study of business
situation, activities, and decisions
involving business issues related
to how the business is conducted
and its social, financial and
environmental implications.
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Business ethics provide
guidelines for moral actions,
right behaviors stipulated in the
collection of rules, standards,
codes, or principles in specific
business situations.
 The Filipino Value System
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 The Filipino Value System
refers to the set of values that most of the Filipino
have historically believed important in their lives. It
is defined by the way of people live their life
according to one’s culture.
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 Cultural Values
are shared assumption of what is right, good or
important in a certain society and within this is the
Filipino Value System which defines how Filipinos
live according to their ideologies, moral code,
ethical principles, etiquette and cultural and
personal values.
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 Let us find out the different values of Filipinos
and how it can affect business practices in
today’s generation.
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 Utang na loob
It is a technique of
reciprocity of debt of
gratitude to others within
the family circle or primary
group , sometimes
unlimited in nature ,
emotional rather than
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financial or rational.
 Filial Piety
It is a virtue of respect for one’s
parents, elders and ancestors.
Piety is a strong religious belief,
or behavior that is religious or
morally correct. In general, filial
refers to the duties, feelings, or
relationships which exist between
a son or daughter and his or her
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parents.
 Padrino System
may be known by other terms
such as patronage and
cronyism. Patronage is classified
as nepotism, the practice of
gaining favor, promotion or
political appointment through
family affiliation while cronyism
is based on friendship though
one’s qualifications are not
based on merit.
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 Suki System
“The Suki system was adopted
years and years ago from our
Chinese brothers in Binondo
and other Chinese commercial
congregations in the country
where loyalty and relationship
bear more importance in
business than profit”
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 Bahala na
When Filipinos cannot
decide for their course of
actions, they usually say
“bahala na”, not minding
what the outcome may be.
The
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 Mañana Habit
is something that we have
learned from the Spaniards.
The word “Mañana” means
„tomorrow‟ or „specified future
time‟, it‟s “in the indefinite future
(used to indicate
procrastination – the action of
delaying or postponing
something)”, or “mamaya na” in
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Filipino
 Amor Propio
Amor propio can have various
English translations – “self-love”,
self-worth, respect for one‟s self
or even pride for one‟s self. This
feeling makes the Filipinos very
sensitive to criticisms and insults
whether real or imagined.
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Questions?
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Thank you!
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